zh-cn	实验结果表明，该算法在保证链路使用中继数量最少和波长一致的条件下，使网络进行波长分配时的失败率最高可下降4%，且全网使用的波长和中继盘的增加量在0.5%以内，满足了工程实践的需求。
en-us	The experimental results show that the failure rate of wavelength assignment would reduce about 4%, and the increases of wavelength and regenerator are just 0. 5%, which are under the constrain of wavelength-continuity and minimal number of wavelength and optical regenerators.

zh-cn	网络共享在4G阶段已成为运营商降低运营成本、加快业务上市及增强品牌竞争力的重要手段。
en-us	Network sharing has become an important means for operators to reduce operating costs, speed up business listing and enhance brand competitiveness in the 4G stage.

zh-cn	在5G阶段，有必要进一步探索5G多运营商共享共建模式。
en-us	In the 5G phase, it is necessary to further explore the 5G multi-operator sharing co-modeling model.

zh-cn	文章首先介绍了5G网络共享面临的机遇与挑战，
en-us	Firstly, this paper introduces the opportunities and challenges faced by 5G network sharing.

zh-cn	在深入研究第三代合作伙伴计划 (3GPP) 关于5G共享标准化进展的基础上，给出了端到端共享5G网络的技术方案;
en-us	On the basis of in-depth study on the standardization progress of 5G sharing in 3 GPP, the technical scheme of end-to-end 5G network sharing is given.

zh-cn	同时，针对5G共享的难点问题进行分析，给出了可行性部署建议;
en-us	At the same time, some difficulties of 5G sharing are analyzed, and the feasible deployment suggestions are given.

zh-cn	最后，针对室内5G单独建设与共建共享进行了造价测算，测算结果显示，共建共享略有收益。
en-us	Finally, this paper calculates the cost of indoor 5G single construction and co-construction with sharing, and the results show that co-construction and sharing have slightly more benefits.

zh-cn	在此基础上完成了理论分析和实验验证，通过仿真软件Optisystem，对基于RSOA的双向有线及无线混合接入系统背靠背以及光纤传输20 km后的系统性能进行了仿真分析，
en-us	The transmission platform is built combining wired and wireless two-way transmission based on Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (RSOA) . The theoretical analysis and experimental verification are completed based on this platform. Through simulation, the system performances of RSOA-based two-way wired and wireless hybrid access system are investigated at back-to-back and 20 km optical fiber transmission cases.

zh-cn	结果表明:当发送信号采用正交振幅调制 (QAM) ，4QAM和16QAM两种信号采用SSB调制方式承载毫米波经光纤传输20 km后，接收端系统星座图旋转度和发散度最小，系统性能最好，满足系统传输性能要求。
en-us	The results show that when the transmitted signal adopts Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) formats, 4 QAM and 16 QAM signals adopt SSB modulation technique to carry millimeter wave through optical fiber transmission show best performance after 20 km transmission, which can meet the requirement of the network.

zh-cn	保偏光纤环是保偏型光纤陀螺 (FOG) 的关键组成部分。
en-us	Polarization-maintaining fiber coil is the core component of polarization-maintaining Fiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG) .

zh-cn	为弥补传统无线网络在射频链路难以到达的地方信号接收困难的问题，采用了将光载无线通信 (RoF) 技术作为一种无线接入方式与正交频分复用 (OFDM) 无源光网络 (PON) 有线接入网络相结合的方式，
en-us	Considering the difficulty of receiving signals in traditional wireless networks where the radio frequency link is hard to reach, a method combining Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology as a wireless access mode with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Passive Optical Network (PON) wired access network is adopted.

zh-cn	提出了一种基于外调制法单边带 (SSB) 调制方式承载60 GHz毫米波结合反射式半导体光放大器 (RSOA) 的有线与无线结合的双向传输系统，并完成了平台的搭建。
en-us	An external modulation method based on Single Side Band (SSB) modulation mode is proposed to carry 60 GHz millimeter wave combined with reflective semiconductor light.

zh-cn	偏振光在保偏光纤环内发生的二次偏振串扰在FOG干涉输出端会产生很多次干扰项引入相位误差，从而影响FOG的静态参数，如零偏稳定性。
en-us	The second-order polarization crosstalk occurs within the polarization-maintaining fiber coil of the polarized light will produce many second order interference terms in the interference output end of the FOG, which may introduce phase error and affect the static parameters of the FOG, such as zero-bias stability.

zh-cn	文章设计了一套实验夹具用于对保偏光纤环精准施压，
en-us	In this paper, we design a set of experimental fixture to produces high crosstalk points by exert precision pressure on the polarization-maintaining fiber coil.

zh-cn	通过控制两个夹具在保偏光纤的消偏长度内施压产生大量的二次串扰高点。
en-us	By controlling the two fixtures exert pressure in polarization-maintaining fibers depolarize length to produce a large number of second order crosstalk, the crosstalk points data is extracted for simulation calculation.

zh-cn	测得光纤环的偏振串扰数据，并进行仿真计算得到零偏仿真值，与实际测试得到的零偏数据对比，理论仿真值与实际测试值一致。
en-us	Compared with the zero-bias stability data obtained from the actual test, the theoretical simulation value is consistent with the actual test value.

zh-cn	随着施压产生的二次串扰强度增大，FOG的零偏稳定性也随之恶化，
en-us	As the pressure increases the intensity of the second-order crosstalk, zero bias stability of the FOG is worsening.

zh-cn	施压产生的二次串扰点强度最大时，与未施压时相比，实验环1的零偏稳定性从0.0063°/h恶化到0.0151°/h，实验环2的零偏稳定性从0.0125°/h恶化到0.0171°/h。
en-us	The maximum intensity of second-order crosstalk produced by pressure is compared with that without pressure. The experimental results show that the zero bias stability of coil 1 is deteriorated from 0. 0063°/h to 0. 0151°/h, and zero bias stability of coil 2 is deteriorated from 0. 0125°/h to 0. 0171°/h.

zh-cn	针对光纤通信和传感系统中高双折射的应用需求，文章提出了一种新型光子晶体光纤，其包层由圆形空气孔按六角晶格结构排列而成，
en-us	To meet the application requirements of high birefringence in optical fiber communication and sensing system, a new Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) is proposed in this paper. The designed structure is hexagonal, which is arranged by circular air holes.

zh-cn	将最内层设计为4个椭圆空气孔和两个小圆空气孔。
en-us	The inner cladding is designed as four elliptical air holes and two small round air holes.

zh-cn	采用全矢量有限元法，通过改变内包层椭圆空气孔的椭圆率和圆形空气孔的大小，对该光纤的有效折射率、双折射系数、非线性系数和色散特性进行了仿真研究，
en-us	By applying full-vector finite-element method and changing the ellipticity and the size of small round air holes, we investigate the effective refractive index, high birefringence, nonlinear coefficient and dispersion characteristic of the fiber.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，当椭圆率为0.5，小圆孔直径为0.8μm时，在波长为1550 nm处可得到4.22×10-2的高双折射系数、109. 65 km-1·W-1的高非线性系数和低至-14 ps/ (nm·km) 的色散值。
en-us	The simulation results show that when the ellipticity is 0. 5 and the diameter of small round hole is 0. 8 μm, a high birefringence of 4. 22×10-2, a high nonlinear coefficient of 109. 65 km-1·W-1 and a dispersion value as low as-14 ps/ (nm·km) can be obtained at 1550 nm.

zh-cn	文章提出的光子晶体光纤具有高双折射及高非线性的性质，可应用于光开关等领域，为光纤通信和光纤传感等方面的研究提供了理论基础。
en-us	The PCF proposed in this paper has high birefringence and high nonlinearity, which can be applied in the optical switch field and provide the theoretical basis for the research of optical communication and optical fiber sensing.

zh-cn	为了提高分布式反馈 (DFB) 激光器与光纤的耦合容差和耦合效率，文章对DFB激光器与单模光纤的耦合特性进行了理论分析，提出了一种激光器与无源光纤的双透镜耦合系统。
en-us	In order to improve the coupling tolerance and coupling efficiency of Distributed Feedback (DFB) laser and single mode fiber, the coupling characteristics of DFB laser and single mode fiber are theoretically analyzed. A new dual lens coupling system of DFB laser and passive fiber is proposed.

zh-cn	采用光线追迹软件仿真了该双透镜系统的耦合效率及容差。
en-us	The coupling efficiency and coupling tolerance of the dual lens system are simulated by optical software.

zh-cn	传统的硅或氮化铝 (AlN) 光学耦合平台需要集成到激光驱动电路的有机基板上，
en-us	The traditional silicon or AlN optical coupling platform also needs to be integrated into the organic substrate with the laser driver circuit, which is not conducive to the integration of the system.

zh-cn	文章直接采用有机基板作为光学耦合平台，省去了集成到有机基板的步骤，使组装更方便，集成更简单。
en-us	This paper directly uses the organic substrate as the optical coupling platform, eliminating the need to re-integrate into the organic substrate, which makes the installation easier and the integration simpler.

zh-cn	对该结构进行应力分析，仿真了BT有机材料、AlN陶瓷材料以及FR4的有机材料分别作为基板材料在最高工作温度下产生的翘曲。
en-us	The stress analysis of the structure was carried out to simulate the warpage of BT organic materials, AlN ceramic materials and FR4 organic materials as substrate materials at the highest working temperature.

zh-cn	根据仿真结果制作了此双透镜系统，并进行了测试。
en-us	Based on the simulation results, the dual lens system was fabricated and tested.

zh-cn	测试结果显示该系统的耦合损耗为4. 9 dB，表明此结构可为DFB激光器与单模光纤的耦合提供参考依据。
en-us	The test results show that the coupling loss of the system is 4. 9 dB, which indicates that this structure can provide reference for the coupling of DFB lasers and single-mode fibers.

zh-cn	文章提出了一种面向5G前传承载技术要求的阵列波导光栅 (AWG) 双线性温度补偿装置。
en-us	This paper presents a bilinear temperature compensator structure which based on the Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) chips for the forward load-carrying technology of 5 G.

zh-cn	补偿装置由多根驱动装置组成，使得AWG芯片在不同的温度范围内出现不同的相对位移及有效补偿量。
en-us	The device composed of multiple drivers, which makes chips have different relative displacement and effective compensation in different temperature range.

zh-cn	采用温度特性实验对全温度范围内中心波长变化量进行了分析，
en-us	Temperature characteristic experiment is conducted to analyze the variation of central wavelength.

zh-cn	结果表明，采用该装置可实现-40～85℃全温度范围内波长偏移量<40 pm。
en-us	The result shows that the wavelength offset during-40～ 85 ℃ can be achieved in 40 pm by using compensation device.

zh-cn	另在测量高温高湿可靠性实验前后，器件各通道插入损耗、偏振相关波长及带宽指标可满足工业级环境要求，并取得了产业化成果转换。
en-us	In addition, the existing commercial devices are suitable for industrial environment and have achieved industrialization by measuring the insertion damage, offset and bandwidth of each channel before and after high temperature and high humidity reliability experiments.

zh-cn	针对稀疏重构波达方向 (DoA) 估计方法的角度搜索范围较大导致算法复杂度较高的问题，文章提出一种基于快速傅里叶变换与稀疏重构相结合的DoA估计方法。
en-us	The computational complexity of the sparse reconstruction based on Direction of Arrival (DoA) increases with the search range of angle dramatically. To address this issue, this paper proposes a joint DoA estimation method based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and sparse reconstruction.

zh-cn	该方法首先解决了基于经典傅里叶变换的DoA估计方法只能估计出一半角度范围内来波方向的问题，改进后的方法能够估计出整个角度范围内来波方向粗略范围;
en-us	Firstly, the method solves the problem that the DoA estimation method based on the classical Fourier transform that can only estimate the direction of the incoming wave within half of the angular range.

zh-cn	然后在粗略估计角度的范围内利用稀疏重构的方法进行超分辨力角度估计，极大减少了角度搜索的范围、降低了计算复杂度。
en-us	Then, the improved method can estimate the rough range of the incoming wave direction over the entire range of angles which can be used to roughly estimate the angle.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法不仅能降低计算复杂度，而且在低信噪比和低快拍时角度误差较小。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed method can not only reduce the computational complexity, but also has less angular error at low signal-to-noise ratio and few snapshot.

zh-cn	设计无人机自组网 (UANET) 媒体接入控制 (MAC) 协议时，需要考虑其控制开销和数据传输时延，
en-us	In designing MAC protocols of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (UANET) , control overheads and delay of data transmission have to be considered.

zh-cn	结合现有无线自组网时分多址接入 (TDMA) 协议和UANET特点，提出一种高效低时延的UANET多跳TDMA协议。
en-us	Based on the existing multi-hop TDMA protocol of wireless Ad Hoc networks and the characteristics of UANET, an efficient and low delay multi-hop TDMA protocol of UANET is proposed.

zh-cn	采用基于拓扑信息的时隙分配信息高效广播机制降低网络控制开销，
en-us	Our proposed method can reduce the network control overhead by efficient broadcasting using time slot allocation information based on topology information.

zh-cn	同时采用一跳节点二次分配数据时隙以及多维度调度节点时隙分配顺序机制，降低网络平均时延，提高数据传输成功率。
en-us	It can also reduce the average network latency and improve success rate by the one hop node secondary allocation of data time slot and the multi-dimensional scheduling node time slot allocation sequence.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该协议在无人机节点移动速度较快、拓扑变化频繁时，在消息平均时延、成功率和控制开销等方面的性能优于现有无人机MAC协议。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the existing UAV MAC protocols when UAV nodes move faster and the topology changes frequently in terms of message average delay, success rate, control overhead and.

zh-cn	针对移动自组网 (MANET) 依靠滑动窗口机制解决传输效率和流量控制问题，文章提出了一种可变长度的滑动窗口网络编码 (VLSWNC) 算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of transmission efficiency and flow control by sliding window mechanism in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) , a Variable Length Sliding Window Network Coding (VLSWNC) algorithm is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	利用网络仿真软件NS2对VLSWNC算法中的数据吞吐量、分组传输率和解码延迟等方面的性能特征进行了仿真实验分析。
en-us	The performance of this VLSWNC is studied using NS2 and evaluated in terms of the data throughput, packet transmission rate, and decoding delay when packet is transmitted.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，VLSWNC算法可以显著提高MANET的性能和可靠性。
en-us	Simulations results show that the VLSWNC algorithm can significantly improve the network performance and reliability.

zh-cn	针对改进迭代硬可靠度 (IHRB) 大数逻辑译码复杂度高等问题，提出了一种改进迭代硬性可靠性的低复杂度非二进制低密度奇偶校验 (NB-LDPC) 码的大数逻辑译码算法。
en-us	This paper presents a novel method to improve the Iterative Hard-Reliability (IHRB) based majority-logic decoding algorithm for Non-Binary Low-Density Parity-Check (NB-LDPC) codes.

zh-cn	在迭代处理时，使用可靠性大的符号来计算解码算法中其他符号的硬可靠性，同时使用校验方程校验出最可靠的符号，最可靠的符号无需更新，以此降低译码复杂度。
en-us	The method uses the most reliable symbols to calculate hard-reliability of other symbols in the decoding algorithm, which will not calculate the hard-reliability of poor reliable symbols and most reliable symbols.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与NB-LDPC大数逻辑译码算法相比，所提算法在纠错性能和译码迭代复杂度之间提供了有效的折中。对于维度为64的伽罗华域上的NB-LDPC码，与IHRB译码算法相比，其迭代复杂度降低了约51%。
en-us	For an NB-LDPC code over Galois field of 64 elements, the iterative complexity is reduced by about 51% compared with that of the conventional decoding algorithm.

zh-cn	文章提出一种科学合理的5G端到端应用场景预测方法，并评估未来有可能成为杀手级的若干应用。
en-us	The paper proposes a scientific and reasonable 5 G end-to-end application scenario prediction method, and evaluates several applications that may become killer in the future.

zh-cn	不同于业内对一些5G细分场景的简单总结，文章以5G时代的三大互连关系、三大技术场景以及五大行业类别作为判断依据，建立有理论支撑和可信的应用体系评估预测标准。
en-us	Different from the simple summary of some 5 G segmentation scenarios in the industry, the article uses the three interconnections in the 5 G era, three technical scenarios and five major industry categories as the basis for judgment. The paper also establishes theoretical support and credible application system evaluation and forecasting standards.

zh-cn	并针对一些行业应用“痛点”，阐述其具体含义、关键性能指标、相关场景案例及未来设想。
en-us	And for some industries to apply "pain points", the paper explains the corresponding specific meaning, key performance indicators, related scenario cases and future ideas.

zh-cn	以期找到在未来涉及面广、用户量大，能为国家、社会和个人带来巨大贡献和影响的关键性应用。
en-us	It is expected to find key applications that will have a huge contribution and influence to the country, society and individuals in the future.

zh-cn	在中短码长下，不带循环冗余校验 (CRC) 辅助的极化码已经不具有竞争力，为了增强极化码译码性能，一般采用CRC辅助译码。
en-us	In the medium and short code lengths, the performance of the polar code without Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) assistance is not competitive. In order to increase the decoding performance of the polarization code, CRC assisted decoding is generally used.

zh-cn	针对传统的集中式CRC辅助方案只能在译码结束后选择路径而无法在译码中做剪枝操作，
en-us	For the traditional centralized CRC auxiliary scheme, the path can only be selected after the end of decoding and cannot be pruned in the decoding.

zh-cn	文章提出一种通过交织器在极化码信息比特间离散分配CRC比特的辅助译码方案，
en-us	This paper proposes an auxiliary decoding scheme for discretely allocating CRC bits between the bits of the polar code information through the interleaver.

zh-cn	此方案允许CRC比特能够辅助串行抵消列表 (SCL) 译码期间幸存路径的选择以改善差错性能。
en-us	The scheme allows the CRC bits to assist in the selection of survivor paths during Successive Cancellation List (SCL) decoding process to improve the error performance.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与集中式CRC辅助译码方案相比，该算法在码率为0. 125、误块率在10-1以下、CRC长度为8时提供0. 5 dB增益;CRC长度为16时提供1. 3 dB增益。
en-us	Simulation results show that compared with the centralized CRC-assisted decoding scheme, when the code rate is 0. 125、block error rate is 10-1, the algorithm provides 0. 5 and 1. 3 dB gain while the length of CRC is 8 and 16 bits respectively.

zh-cn	为了提高室内定位精度，实现三维定位，文章提出了一种基于单个发光二极管 (LED) 的室内反向定位系统。
en-us	In order to improve the indoor positioning accuracy and realize three-dimensional positioning, this paper proposes an indoor reverse positioning system using a single Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp.

zh-cn	该定位系统解决了利用多个LED定位时的干扰问题，
en-us	This positioning system solves the problem of interference in positioning by using multiple LED light sources.

zh-cn	其将日常所用的白光LED作为光源，既与实际情况相符，又便于将来推广使用。
en-us	The system takes the white LED light used by people in daily life as the light source, which is not only consistent with the actual situation, but also convenient for future promotion.

zh-cn	该定位系统根据接收机接收到的光照度来估算距离，以残差平方和最小为目标函数拟合出最佳回归曲线，
en-us	The system estimates the distance according to the illuminance received by the receiver, and fits the optimal regression curve with the minimum residual sum of squares as the objective function.

zh-cn	再利用三边定位原理以及空间几何关系确定接收机坐标。
en-us	Then we use the triangulation principle and the spatial geometric relationship to determine the receiver coordinates.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在实际应用场景中，该定位系统能够实现准确的室内定位服务。
en-us	The experimental results show that the positioning system can realize accurate indoor positioning service in practical application scenarios.

zh-cn	随着智能电网的发展，对配电网提出了更高的要求。
en-us	With the development of smart grids, high requirements are placed on distribution networks.

zh-cn	配电网通信系统是配电网的重要组成部分，是影响配电网发展的重要因素。
en-us	Distribution network communication systems are an important part of distribution networks and an important factor affecting the development of distribution networks.

zh-cn	提升配电网通信终端设备在线率是配电网通信系统稳定运行的关键。
en-us	Improving the terminal online rate is the key to the stable operation of the distribution network communication system.

zh-cn	配电网通信终端接入模式和管理等问题影响了配电网通信终端在线率，制约了配电网的发展。
en-us	Due to the access mode and management issues, it affects the online rate of the terminal equipment and restricts the development of the distribution network.

zh-cn	文章从配电网通信终端接入模式和管理两个方面探讨了配电网通信终端在线率下降的问题，
en-us	This paper discusses the terminal online rate drops from the aspects of terminal access mode and management,

zh-cn	给出了优化的配电网通信终端接入模式并提出了配电网通信系统管理办法，
en-us	optimizes the terminal access mode and proposes the management method for the distribution network communication system,

zh-cn	提升了配电网通信终端在线率，提高了配电网通信系统稳定性，推进了智能配电网的发展。
en-us	which improves the terminal online rate, and the stability of distribution network communication system, and promotes intelligent matching power grid development.

zh-cn	保偏光纤是光纤陀螺的核心元件，
en-us	Polarization-Maintaining Fiber (PMF) is the core component of fiber optic gyroscope.

zh-cn	随着光纤陀螺对精度和小型化的需求越来越强烈，光纤的外形尺寸在不断减小。
en-us	Due to the high requirement of precision and miniaturization in fiber optic gyros, the outer dimensions of optical fibers are decreasing.

zh-cn	光电探测器作为光通信系统的核心器件之一，其性能对通信质量起着决定性的作用。
en-us	As one of the core devices of optical communication system, the performance of photodetectors plays a decisive role in evaluating the system performance.

zh-cn	随着光通信数据量的剧增，传统的光电探测器已经不能满足需求。
en-us	With the rapid increase of optical communication data, the traditional photodetectors can not meet the demand.

zh-cn	文章提出一种集成氮化硅波导的高性能硅基锗单行载流子光电探测器。
en-us	This paper presents a high performance silicon based germanium uni-traveling-carrier photodetector integrated with Si3N4 waveguide.

zh-cn	借助Lumerical FDTD和DEVICE软件进行建模仿真，通过对波导结构以及探测器尺寸进行设计，
en-us	With the help of the software of Lumerical FDTD and DEVICE for modeling and simulation, the waveguide structure and the size of photodetector are designed.

zh-cn	最终该结构在1 550 nm波长和-1 V偏压下，响应度高达0.97 A/W，光电流线性输出>30 mA，3 dB带宽高达28 GHz。
en-us	Finally, the optimized structure could achieve optical responsivity of 0. 97 A/W at 1 550 nm wavelength and-1 V bias, with linear output photocurrent greater than 30 mA and electrical 3 dB bandwidth up to 28 GHz.

zh-cn	针对光子晶体光纤折射率传感器外表面金属薄膜易氧化的问题，文章提出一种新型结构的光子晶体光纤折射率传感器，该光子晶体光纤内部空气孔呈螺旋轨迹排列。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of easy oxidation of metal film on the outer surface of Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) refractive index sensor, a new structure of PCF refractive index sensor is proposed. The air holes of the PCF are arranged in a spiral track.

zh-cn	光纤外表面进行双层膜涂覆，
en-us	Double coating is on the outer surface of the PCF.

zh-cn	使用银作为表面等离子体共振材料涂覆在光子晶体光纤的外表面，在银膜外又涂覆了一层15 nm厚度的氧化锌薄膜以防止银被氧化。
en-us	The silver is coated on the outer surface of the PCF as a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) material, and a 15 nm thin ZnO film is coated on the silver film to prevent the metal from being oxidized.

zh-cn	在各向异性的完美匹配层边界条件下，利用全矢量有限元法对传感器特性进行了数值仿真，
en-us	The properties of this sensor is analyzed by the full vector finite element method with the boundary condition of anisotropic perfectly matched layer.

zh-cn	结果表明:该传感器所能测量的折射率范围为1.30～1. 36，灵敏度最高可达5 200 nm/RIU，分辨率可达1.92×10-5RIU。
en-us	Results show that the maximal sensitivities of the sensor reach 5 200 nm/RIU and the resolution reach 1. 92×10-5 RIU when refractive index is in the range of 1. 30 to 1. 36.

zh-cn	为了提高外腔可调谐激光器热调谐标准具表面温度的均匀性，文章采用仿真分析的方法得到热调谐标准具表面温度分布特点，提出了优化热调谐标准具加热电极的解决方案，以实现热调谐标准具表面温度分布均匀化的目的。
en-us	In order to improve the surface temperature uniformity of thermally tuned etalon for external cavity tunable laser, the surface temperature distribution of etalon is obtained by simulation analysis. In order to achieve the purpose of homogenizing the surface temperature distribution of thermal tuning etalon, this paper proposes a solution of optimizing the heating electrode of etalon.

zh-cn	文章阐述了热调谐标准具优化加热电极轨迹分布、增加石英片以增加导热路径热阻以及优化加热电极功耗分布的技术方案，
en-us	This paper first describes the solutions by the optimal trajectory distribution of heating electrode, the increase of thermal resistance and the power distribution of heated electrode.

zh-cn	通过对优化后的热调谐标准具进行热分析模拟，得到优化后热调谐标准具的表面温度分布。
en-us	The surface temperature distribution is obtained by the thermal analysis of the optimized thermal tuning standard after the optimization of the thermal tuning etalon.

zh-cn	分析结果表明，优化后的热调谐标准具表面温度差降低了77%，具有更好的温度均匀性。
en-us	The results show that the surface temperature difference of etalon after optimizing thermal tuning etalon can be reduced by 77%, and the temperature uniformity of optimized thermal tuning etalon is better.

zh-cn	通过实验还验证了热调谐标准具表面温度均匀性对激光器波长稳定性的影响。
en-us	In addition, the influence of the surface temperature difference on the wavelength stability is greatly reduced, and the effect of surface temperature uniformity of the etalon on the wavelength stability of the laser is verified by experiments.

zh-cn	在传统的基于微环的电光开关结构中，可通过设计不同微环与直波导间的位置来实现光通信的开关功能，
en-us	In the traditional micro-ring electro-optic switch structure, the function of switching in optical communication system is realized by designing different positions between micro-ring and direct waveguide.

zh-cn	但其普遍存在开关电压过高的现象，浪费资源。
en-us	However, the switching voltage is so high that it wastes resources.

zh-cn	文章利用耦合模理论、电光调制理论和微环谐振理论，应用传输矩阵理论方法，提出了一种嵌套型双波导的微环谐振电光开关的器件模型，在谐振波长为1552 nm的情况下，对该器件进行了仿真分析。
en-us	Based on the coupled mode theory, electro-optic modulation theory, micro-ring resonance theory, and transfer matrix theory, a device model of nested micro-ring dual-channel electro-optic switch is proposed in this paper. We conduct a simulated analysis of this device at the resonant wavelength of 1552 nm.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该器件模型具有非常小的开关电压 (仅为1 V) ，串扰<-35 dB，插入损耗<4 dB，时域响应总时间为5.33 ps，其中微环的上升时间和下降时间仅为0.25 ps。
en-us	The simulation results show that the device model has a very small switching voltage of only 1 V with crosstalk less than-35 dB and insertion loss less than 4 dB. The total time domain response is 5. 33 ps with rise and fall time of only 0. 25 ps.

zh-cn	所提出的电光开关结构具有开关电压低、响应时间短和频谱带宽大的特性，能提高密集波分复用系统的性能。
en-us	The structure has the characteristics of low switching voltage, short response time and large spectral bandwidth, which enhances the performance of dense wavelength division multiplexing system.

zh-cn	同轴晶体管外形 (TO) 封装的半导体探测器年出货量高达千万只，其质量控制与检测是非常重要的。
en-us	The annual shipment of semiconductor detectors of the coaxis Transistor Outline (TO) packaging type is as high as tens of millions. Therefore, the quality control and testing are very important.

zh-cn	传统的人工借助显微镜的目视检验因受主观判断和视觉疲劳影响，误检率和漏检率较高。
en-us	Traditional manual visual inspection with microscope has a high rate of false detection and missed detection because of the influence of subjective judgment and visual fatigue.

zh-cn	为了解决此问题，文章提出了一种适用于同轴型半导体探测器封前外观自动光学检验 (AOI) 的方案，运用视觉检测将合格品和不合格品自动识别并分拣，引入景深合成技术实现线弧的高度检测。
en-us	To solve this problem, this paper proposes an Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI) scheme for the appearance of coaxial semiconductor detectors. The visual inspection is used to automatically identify and classify qualified products and non-conforming products. The depth of field synthesis technique is used for the height detection of wire arcs.

zh-cn	样机测试结果表明，所提方案具备良好的检测适应性和较低的误检率，适合生产线批量检测任务，可以取代人工目视检验。
en-us	The test results of the prototype show that the proposed scheme has good detection adaptability and low false detection rate, which is suitable for batch inspection task of production line and can replace manual visual inspection

zh-cn	在超密集网络场景中，针对以用户为中心的重叠虚拟小区系统的和速率的最大化，提出了一种基于效用函数最优化模型的功率分配方案。
en-us	In the ultra-dense network scenario, a power allocation scheme based on the utility function optimization model is proposed to maximize the sum rate of user-centric overlapped virtual cell systems.

zh-cn	通过分层交替迭代算法求解最佳功率分配，
en-us	The optimal power allocation is obtained based on the hierarchical alternating iterative algorithm.

zh-cn	首先将原问题分解为功率分割和虚拟功率分配两个子问题;
en-us	Firstly, the original problem is decomposed into two sub-problems: power splitting and virtual power allocation.

zh-cn	然后在高层功率分割中引入拉格朗日函数，求解出一种基于均衡策略的最佳功率分割算法，在底层利用虚拟功率完成进一步的功率分配。
en-us	Secondly, an optimal power splitting algorithm based on equilibrium strategy is obtained by introducing the Lagrangian function at the upper layer, and further power allocation is achieved by using the virtual power at the bottom layer.

zh-cn	由于功率分割系数采用了最大化信干漏比 (SLNR) 的特征矢量形式，从而实现了信号增强与干扰减少之间的均衡。
en-us	Since the power splitting coefficient takes the form of eigenvector which maximizing Signal to Leakage plus Noise Ratio (SLNR) , a balanced effect on signal enhancement and interference reduction is achieved.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法在性能上优于传统的功率分配算法，有效减少了干扰，提高了系统的和速率。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to conventional power allocation algorithms in performance, which can effectively reduce the interference and increase the sum rate of the system.

zh-cn	非正交多址接入 (NOMA) 是5G无线网络的基本支持技术，可满足大规模连接和高吞吐量的异构需求，能增加可接入的用户数。
en-us	Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is a basic support technology for the 5 G wireless networks. It can meet the heterogeneous requirements of large-scale connectivity and high throughput with increasing number of access subscriber.

zh-cn	NOMA的关键思想是同一资源块为多个用户提供服务，系统可容纳的用户数增加，
en-us	The key idea of NOMA is that the same resource block provides services for multiple users. The supported number of users can be increased.

zh-cn	但对系统容量的提升有限，
en-us	However, the upgrade of system capacity is limited.

zh-cn	针对此问题，文章提出在NOMA的基础上，将其与大规模多输入多输出 (MIMO) 天线结合，提高系统的容量，
en-us	To solve this issue, the paper combines NOMA technology with massive Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) antenna to improve the capacity of the system.

zh-cn	同时将下行多用户按照信道差异进行用户匹配，两两分为一簇，
en-us	At the same time, the downlink multi-users perform user matching according to channel differences, and the two are divided into one cluster.

zh-cn	簇与簇之间的干扰采用块对角化 (BD) 算法进行消除，
en-us	Block Diagonalization (BD) algorithm is used to eliminate the interference between the clusters.

zh-cn	簇内用户之间的干扰采用串行干扰进行消除。
en-us	The interference between users in the cluster is eliminated by serial interference.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明: 发送端采用BD预编码可降低终端受到的干扰，
en-us	The simulation results show that the BD precoding at the transmitter side can reduce the interference received by the terminal.

zh-cn	结合大规模MIMO的NOMA系统频谱效率有很大提升;
en-us	The system capacity based on NOMA technology combined with massive MIMO is greatly improved.

zh-cn	在此基础上进行用户匹配分组后，系统性能进一步提升。
en-us	The system performance can be further improved when user matching grouping is performed on this basis.

zh-cn	基于5G的小区搜索相对于长期演进 (LTE) 而言，新增了高频段场景的应用，并对同步信号进行了重新定义。
en-us	Compared with Long Term Evolution (LTE) , cell search based on 5 G, the applications of high frequency band scenarios are included and the synchronous signals are redefined.

zh-cn	文章详细分析了5G系统的主同步信号 (PSS) ，对其新增内容进行了研究，提出了适用于5G系统的PSS定时同步算法，
en-us	In this paper, the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) in 5 G system is analyzed in detail, and the new contents are studied. A timing synchronization algorithm for the PSS in 5 G system is proposed.

zh-cn	其中粗同步提出一种抗频偏性能较好的差分同步，
en-us	Among them, a differential synchronization algorithm with good anti-frequency offset performance is proposed for coarse synchronization,

zh-cn	精同步基于PSS序列的共轭对称性提出一种低复杂度的同步算法。
en-us	and a low-complexity synchronization algorithm is proposed for fine synchronization based on the conjugate symmetry of PSS sequence.

zh-cn	使用Matlab软件对该算法的性能进行了仿真分析，结果表明，即使在较高频偏影响下，该算法也能快速且正确地锁定一个粗同步点，受频偏的影响较小，
en-us	Simulation results show that, even under the influence of high frequency bias, the algorithm can quickly and correctly lock a coarse synchronization point, which is less affected by frequency offset.

zh-cn	从计算复杂度来看，该算法的计算量为常规算法的17.69%。
en-us	From the perspective of computational complexity, the calculation amount of the algorithm is 17. 69% of that of the conventional algorithm.

zh-cn	文章对双向混沌保密通信方式进行了设计和研究，提出了一种双向混沌同步的理论模型及系统架构，
en-us	This paper designs and studies a bidirectional chaotic secure communication system, A theoretical model and system architecture for bidirectional chaos synchronization are proposed.

zh-cn	并证明了其通信的可行性和安全性，
en-us	We also demonstrate the feasibility and safety of its communications.

zh-cn	利用通信双方系统的对称性，提高了混沌同步对色散和非线性效应的鲁棒性。
en-us	By utilizing the symmetry of both systems in communication, the robustness of the chaotic synchronization to dispersion and nonlinear effects is improved.

zh-cn	最后，仿真证明了相互耦合的激光混沌系统可实现通信双方的抗截获保密通信。
en-us	Finally, the communication between the two sides anti-interception secure communication can be achieved through simulation, which proves the chaotic laser system is coupled to each other.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明: 与传统专用保护方法相比，所提面向能耗优化的混合线速率保护方法能够有效减少软件定义频谱灵活光网络的功耗，实现不同线速率的光转发器和光再生器优化配置，解决软件定义频谱灵活光网络的能耗效率问题。
en-us	The simulation results show that, compared with T-DPA, the proposed EO-MLR-DPA can effectively reduce the power consumption and optimize the configuration of the optical transponder and optical regenerator under different line rates and modulation formats in SD-FBONs.

zh-cn	针对工业应用无源光网络开发周期长，灵活性差的缺陷，提出利用现场可编程门阵列内部集成的高速串行收发器代替外接物理层芯片的设计方案。
en-us	To solve the issues of the long development cycle and poor flexibility of industrial Passive Optical Metwork (PON) , we proposed a scheme composed of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with integrated high-speed serial transceivers instead of external physical layer chip.

zh-cn	改进分层设计模型和数据帧结构，突发同步字符长度可根据光线路终端收发器突发同步性能在线重配置。
en-us	The hierarchical design model and data frame structure are improved and the character length of burst synchronization can be reconfigured online according to the burst synchronization performance of the optical line terminal transceiver.

zh-cn	板级验证结果表明，系统能够在3. 125 Gbit/s速率下完成数据帧接收和突发模式发送，具有兼容性高、复杂度低等诸多优势。
en-us	The results of board level verification show that the system can complete the data frame reception and burst mode transmission at the rate of 3. 125 Gbit/s, with advantages of high compatibility and low complexity.

zh-cn	为了提升可见光通信 (VLC) 定位系统的频谱和功率利用率，文章提出了一种基于非对称限幅和直流偏置的光正交频分复用 (ADO-OFDM) 的VLC定位集成系统。该通信定位集成系统具有比基于非对称限幅的光正交频分复用 (ACO-OFDM) 的VLC定位集成系统更高的频谱利用率和比基于加直流偏置的光正交频分复用 (DCO-OFDM) 的VLC定位集成系统更高的功率利用率。
en-us	In order to improve the spectrum and power efficiency in Visible Light Communication (VLC) and location system, we propose an Asymmetrically Clipped and DC-biased Optical-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (ADO-OFDM) technique, which combines the advantages of Asymmetrically Clipped Optical-OFDM (ACO-OFDM) and DC-biased Optical-OFDM (DCO-OFDM) with higher spectrum efficiency than ACO-OFDM and higher power efficiency than DCO-OFDM.

zh-cn	同时，文章还提出了一种差分修正定位算法，所提算法较于传统的三边定位算法其具有更高的定位精度。
en-us	We also apply a differential correction location algorithm, which has higher positioning accuracy than the traditional three-side location algorithm.

zh-cn	针对网络功能虚拟化 (NFV) 中服务功能链的设计和映射问题，提出一种基于节点选择策略的NFV (NS-NFV) 映射算法。
en-us	Aiming at the design and mapping of service function chain in Network Function Virtualization (NFV) , a NFV mapping algorithm based on Node Selection strategy (NS-NFV) is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法在服务功能链设计中考虑虚拟节点依赖性，根据节点资源度大小决定虚拟节点映射顺序，
en-us	Considering the virtual node dependency in the design of service function chain, NS-NFV determines the mapping order of virtual nodes according to the node resource degree.

zh-cn	根据物理节点重要度为虚拟节点选择最优映射节点，并且以耦合的方式完成服务功能链的设计与映射。
en-us	It also selects the optimal mapping node for the virtual node according to the importance of the physical node, and completes the design and mapping of service function chain in a coupling manner.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法有效地减少了回溯步长和运行时间，
en-us	Simulation results show that NS-NFV can effectively reduce the backtracking steps and running time.

zh-cn	并且在请求接受率方面有明显改善。
en-us	In addition, the request acceptance rate can be improved significantly.

zh-cn	在电力系统中，当受到强大的冲击电流时，电力光缆将在高于导体最高工作温度10%的温度场环境下工作，
en-us	In the power system, when the cable is subjected to strong impulse current, it will work in the temperature field higher than 10% of the conductor's maximum operating temperature.

zh-cn	长时间的高温老化工况状态对光纤复合低压电缆 (OPLC) 光单元中的光纤造成极大的负效应，严重地影响了整个电网的安全运行。
en-us	The long-term high-temperature aging condition has a great negative effect on the optical fiber in the optical unit of Optical Fiber Composite Low-Voltage Cable (OPLC) , which seriously affects the safe operation of the entire power grid.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，为了研究单模光纤受热前后机械性能变化情况，分析高温老化对光纤的损伤程度，文章通过模拟高于以聚氯乙烯绝缘的OPLC导体温度10%的温度场环境，测试了不同温度和老化时间段下单模光纤的断裂强度、断裂伸长率和光纤涂层剥离力等光纤机械性能，
en-us	Aiming at the above problems, in order to study the mechanical properties of single-mode fiber before and after heating, the damage degree of high temperature aging to optical fiber is analyzed. In this paper, the mechanical properties of single-mode fiber, such as breaking strength, elongation at break and stripping force of coatings, are tested at different temperatures and aging periods by emulating the temperature field of OPLC conductors 10% higher than that of polyvinyl chloride insulated conductors.

zh-cn	基于测试数据，运用线性拟合的统计方法，研究了在该温度场环境下老化前后光纤机械特性的变化趋势。
en-us	Based on the test data, the change trend of mechanical properties of optical fiber before and after aging under this temperature field is studied by using the statistical method of linear fitting.

zh-cn	试验结果表明，OPLC中光纤的应力腐蚀敏感性参数比涂覆剥离力特性受热更敏感，
en-us	The results show that the stress corrosion sensitivity parameters of optical fiber in OPLC are more sensitive to heat than the coating peeling force characteristics.

zh-cn	随着老化时间增长，不同老化时长后涂覆剥离力比应力腐蚀敏感性参数的差值变化量更大，耐热性能更差。
en-us	With the increase of aging time, the difference between the coating stripping force and the stress corrosion sensitivity parameters is larger and the heat resistance is worse.

zh-cn	基于机械性能的测试结果，文章提出了增加光单元耐热层的优化意见。
en-us	Based on the test results of mechanical properties, the suggestion of adding heat-resistant layer of optical unit is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	全光纤干涉式传感结构作为一种新兴的高灵敏度和高光学集成性光纤传感器，由于其传感特性与其结构密切相关，使传感器设计更加灵活，因此，传感机理及如何提高测量性能成为研究该类传感器的关键。
en-us	Due to the advantages of small volume and simple structure, the cladding mode of the in-fiber interference sensor is used widely. Therefore, the investigation of the sensing mechanism and improvement of the measurement performance are the key factors to study this sensor.

zh-cn	文章利用有限差分光束法得到全光纤干涉式传感结构中传感光纤部分去包层和弯曲时的输出光谱，再通过傅里叶变换得到空间频谱情况与色散方程进行比对，最终获得两种增敏方式下主要参与耦合包层模的情况。
en-us	By using the finite difference beam propagation method, the interference spectrum of the sensors with removing partial of cladding and bending are simulated in this paper. The order of dominant cladding mode is obtained by comparing dispersion equation and spatial frequency spectrum after Fourier transform.

zh-cn	结果表明，相较于未增敏前，增敏后参与耦合的包层模数量有所增多，阶数有所增高，
en-us	The results show that, compared with normal sensor, the orders and numbers of cladding modes both increase.

zh-cn	且在一定范围内，弯曲半径越大，主要参与耦合的包层模阶数越高。
en-us	Meanwhile, with the increasing of bending radius within limits, the cladding modes order increase.

zh-cn	为了在理论和实际中研制能够产生高效平坦宽带中红外超连续谱的光纤，文章提出一种以三硒化二砷 (As2Se3) 为背景材料的微结构光纤，
en-us	In order to fabricate high-efficient flat broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum fiber, a microstructured fiber based on As2Se3 as background material is proposed.

zh-cn	利用非线性薛定谔方程计算模拟了光纤的结构参数对色散、耗损与非线性特性的影响，
en-us	By using nonlinear Schrodinger equation, the effects of fiber structure parameters on dispersion, loss and nonlinear characteristics are simulated, and the optimized structure is designed.

zh-cn	选取优化结构参数实现高非线性色散平坦全正常色散。
en-us	The optimal structural parameters are selected to achieve high nonlinearity with flattened full normal dispersion.

zh-cn	采用该结构光纤对中超短脉冲的展宽机制进行分析，
en-us	The mechanism of ultrashort pulse broadening is analyzed by using this structure optical fiber.

zh-cn	研究了光纤长度、泵浦中心波长、峰值功率以及泵浦宽度等参数对超连续谱生成的影响，并通过此光纤实现平坦中红外超连续谱的输出。
en-us	The effects of fiber length, pump center wavelength, peak power and pump width on the generation of supercontinuum are studied, and the output of the flat mid-infrared supercontinuum is realized by this fiber.

zh-cn	搭建了实验平台，选取优化的光纤长度和泵浦参数检测了飞秒激光脉冲在As2Se3微结构光纤中的传输过程和输出谱，
en-us	By building experimental platform, the transmission and output spectrum of femtosecond laser pulses in As2Se3 microstructured fibers are measured by selecting the optimized fiber length and pump parameters.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，采用该结构光纤能够生成波长展宽为3～6μm的高效平坦宽带中红外超连续谱，
en-us	The experimental results show that high efficiency flat broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum with wavelength broadening of 3～6 μm can be generated.

zh-cn	此连续谱可应用在物质探测、生物化学、食品检测和环境分析等领域。
en-us	This continuous spectrum can be used in the fields of material detection, biochemistry, food detection and environmental analysis.

zh-cn	为解决全干式光缆生产过程中阻水纱严重掉粉问题，开发了一种阻水纱的制造新工艺。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of serious powder drop of water-blocking yarn during the production process of totally dry optical cable, a new manufacturing process of water-blocking yarn was developed in this paper.

zh-cn	该工艺先合成吸水性能树脂预聚物，再通过涂覆和烘干工艺，
en-us	The prepolymer of high water absorbable performance resin is synthesized first. The resin with high water absorbility is then polymerized on the matrix yarn by coating and curing process.

zh-cn	让预聚物最终在基体纱线上聚合固化，从而赋予纱线阻水性能。
en-us	Finally, the water resistance resin and the base yarn are integrated into one.

zh-cn	经严格检测，生产的阻水纱性能完全满足行业标准和光缆厂家的采购技术规范要求。
en-us	Testing result indicates that the performance of the water blocking yarn can completely meet the requirements of the communication industry standard and the technical specifications of the cable manufacturers.

zh-cn	光缆生产工艺试验表明:采用上述工艺制造的阻水纱可完全满足全干式光缆生产，可解决掉粉带来的粉尘污染问题。
en-us	The process test of the optical fiber cable production shows that the water blocking yarn produced by the above technology can be applied to manufacture totally dry optical cable, and can solve the problems of powder drop and dust pollution.

zh-cn	为了满足高频信号对400 Gbit/s光器件性能的要求，通过高频结构仿真软件HFSS建立、分析了三维电磁场模型，在分析电场分布的基础上，设计、研制了一种具有新的阻抗补偿结构的可降低高频串扰的微带线结构。
en-us	In order to meet the requirement of high speed data transmission at 400 Gbit/s, a new microstrip structure which can reduce the crosstalk of high frequency signal is presented in this paper.

zh-cn	实验测试和仿真结果均表明，使用这种微带线结构可以使串扰在0～60 GHz频率范围内小于-30 dB，能够满足高频信号对400 Gbit/s光器件性能的要求。
en-us	Based on the analysis of the electric field distribution by using High Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS) to build and analyze 3 D electromagnetic model, the simulation result shows that the crosstalk of the device with this new microstrip structure is less than-30 dB within the frequency range of 0～ 60 GHz, which meets the requirement of 400 Gbit/s optical device.

zh-cn	为了提高采用有限元分析平面光波导热应力的精度和效率，提出了一种改进平面应变模型。
en-us	In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the thermal stress analysis of the planar optical waveguide by the finite element method, an improved plane strain model is presented.

zh-cn	通过将材料的热膨胀系数正交各向异性化，材料垂直于波导传播方向的热膨胀系数为真实的热膨胀系数，
en-us	In this improved plane strain model, the thermal expansion coefficient of materials is described in orthogonal anisotropic way, and the material's thermal expansion coefficient in the direction perpendicular to the propagation of the waveguide remains the actual material's thermal expansion coefficient.

zh-cn	但沿波导传播方向的热膨胀系数经过适当的变换可满足变形协调和适应平面应变模型，
en-us	However, the thermal expansion coefficient of material along the direction of propagation of the waveguide is changed appropriately to maintain deformation coordination.

zh-cn	采用改进的平面应变模型，计算了平面光波导的热应力。
en-us	With the modified material model, the thermal stress of the planar optical waveguide is calculated by the ordinary plane strain model.

zh-cn	计算结果表明，与广义平面应变模型相比，用改进的平面应变模型得到的应力的最大误差只有0.4%，而计算时间缩短为广义平面应变模型的12.6%，
en-us	The calculation results show that the maximum error of the stress obtained by the improved plane strain model is only 0. 4% compared with the generalized plane strain model, and the calculation time is reduced to 12. 6% of the generalized plane strain model.

zh-cn	与平面应变模型相比，改进平面应变模型的计算时间相等，而计算精度大幅提高。
en-us	Compared with the ordinary plane strain model, the calculation precision of the improved plane strain model is greatly improved with almost same calculation time.

zh-cn	设计了一种基于四阶脉冲幅度调制 (PAM4) 技术的50 Gbit/s 40 km QSFP28封装的长距离光传输模块，以应对现代社会对通信传输的带宽、速率和容量等要求的不断增长。
en-us	In view of the growing requirements of bandwidth, transmission speed and capacity, a kind of 50 Gbit/s PAM4 QSFP28 optical transceiver module is proposed, which can meet the demands of 40 km transmission.

zh-cn	使用了PAM4技术以提高单波长的数据传输容量，使得单波传输速率达到50 Gbit/s;
en-us	The PAM4 technology is used to increase the transmission capacity in each single wavelength.

zh-cn	在模块的接收单元使用雪崩光电二极管 (APD) 作为光探测器，使得模块对小光信号的接收能力得到提高;测试结果表明，模块的性能较为稳定，优化了APD部分电路设计，以获得更佳的传输效果，能够满足50 GE 40 km传输。
en-us	At the receiver side, the key component of the photo-detector is APD, which can increase the ability of identifying weak signal, and meet the requirement of 40 km transmission in 50 GE. The circuit of reception unit is optimized to obtain a better transmission effect. The result indicates that the transceiver can work steadily, meet the demands of 40 km transmission in 50 GE.

zh-cn	对于5G无线前传网络，原有的4G基站设备的6和10 Gbit/s光模块已无法满足需求，
en-us	For 5 G wireless prequel network, the 6 and 10 Gbit/s optical modules of the original 4 G base station equipment can not meet the demand.

zh-cn	为此文章设计了一款25 Gbit/s 1310 nm的光接收组件 (ROSA) 用于新兴的25 Gbit/s光模块，采用的是低成本和小尺寸的同轴结构封装。
en-us	A 25 Gbit/s 1310 nm Receiver Optical Subassembly (ROSA) device is designed for the emerging 25 Gbit/s optical module, which is packaged with low-cost and small-size coaxial structure.

zh-cn	文章介绍了ROSA采用的25 Gbit/s 1310 nm自制PIN光电二极管等核心物料的特点以及晶体管外形 (TO) 、ROSA的封装形式和产品制作工艺，
en-us	In this paper, we introduce the characteristics of core materials used in the device including the 25 Gbit/s 1310 nm self-made PIN photodiode and the Transistor Outline (TO) . The packaging form of the device and the production process of the product are also introduced.

zh-cn	并进行了样品的制作。
en-us	Then the sample is fabricated.

zh-cn	对ROSA的响应度、回损、灵敏度和带宽等各项指标进行了测试，测试结果表明，产品的性能可完全满足商业级要求，在成品率合格的情况下可进行大规模商用。
en-us	The responsiveness, loss-back, sensitivity and bandwidth of the device are tested. The results show that the performance of the product can fully meet the requirements of commercial grade and can be commercially used on a large scale with qualified yield.

zh-cn	针对雾计算网络架构中的内容下载场景，提出了基于流行度与社交关系的流量卸载策略。
en-us	For the content offloading scenario in the fog computing network architecture, this paper proposes a traffic offloading strategy based on content popularity and social relationships.

zh-cn	首先结合内容流行度的分布情况，基于用户之间的社交信任与社交互惠模型确定出内容中继用户，
en-us	The proposed strategy first combines the distribution of content popularity.

zh-cn	然后利用终端直通技术实现用户之间的内容共享，
en-us	Then it determines content relay users based on the social trust and social reciprocity model between users.

zh-cn	从而有效减小任务请求用户的下载时延，缓解雾计算网络的负载。
en-us	thereby effectively reducing offloading delay of the task requesting users and the load of the fog computing network.

zh-cn	利用排队论模型对所提策略中的能耗和时延性能进行了分析，
en-us	The model of queuing theory is used to analyze the energy consumption and delay performance of the proposed strategy.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该方案可以有效降低能耗和时延，同时提高了用户体验和系统性能。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively reduce energy consumption and delay, while improving the user experience and system performance.

zh-cn	水下通信是无线传输的一个关键研究领域，而声音信号是目前水下通信的最佳候选者。
en-us	A key area of research for wireless transmission is underwater communications, where acoustic signals are currently the best candidates for underwater communications.

zh-cn	正交频分复用 (OFDM) 技术有助于在水声 (UWA) 信道上进行数据高速率传输。
en-us	Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique facilitates high data rate transmission over Underwater Acoustic (UWA) channels.

zh-cn	文章提出了一种在UWA信道中的基于分数傅里叶变换 (FRFT) 的OFDM系统，并且在不同子载波数量、调制方案以及多普勒频率条件下将其与传统OFDM系统进行了性能对比和评估。
en-us	In this paper, the UWA trust, in a communication channel is proposed based on the Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) of OFDM system. According to various conditions with the traditional OFDM systems, the system performance is deeply investigated. The conditions include the number of subcarriers, the modulation scheme and the Doppler frequency.

zh-cn	研究结果表明，尽管FRFT的计算顺序与快速傅里叶变换 (FFT) 相同，但在所有多径场景下，基于FRFT的OFDM系统的性能都优于传统OFDM系统，且满足UWA信道对系统复杂度低和功耗小的需求。
en-us	Finally, the results show that although the calculation order of FRFT is the same as that of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) , the performance of FRFT-based OFDM systems is better than traditional OFDM systems in all multipath scenarios, which meets the requirement that the underwater acoustic channel has low system complexity and low power consumption.

zh-cn	随着网络传输数据流量的爆炸性增长，传统电交换由于其有限的带宽和高功耗将很难满足网络带宽发展需求。
en-us	With the explosive growth of data traffic in communication networks, traditional electrical switches will be difficult to satisfy the requirement of broadband network development due to their limited bandwidth and high-power consumption.

zh-cn	光交换能直接在光域上完成光信道间信息的交换，具有高速、宽带、透明、低功耗以及潜在的低成本等诸多优点，能满足下一代全光交换网络、数据中心和高性能计算机光互连网络建设的迫切需求。
en-us	With optical switches, data can be directly exchanged in the optical domain without conversion. All-optical switching has many advantages such as high speed, wide bandwidth, transparency, low power consumption and low cost. It can be applied in the next generation all-optical switching networks, data center and high-performance computer interconnect networks.

zh-cn	文章介绍了集成光开关的发展现状及核心技术，包括采用氧化硅、III-V族半导体材料和硅材料来制作光开关的进展以及各种技术的特点。
en-us	This paper introduces the development status and core technologies of integrated optical switches, including the implementation of optical switches using silicon dioxide, III-V semiconductor materials and silicon materials.

zh-cn	其中硅基集成光开关具有结构紧凑、功耗小、成本低以及与互补型金属-氧化物-半导体 (CMOS) 工艺兼容的优势，适合大规模光开关制作和量产，具有潜在的巨大市场商用价值。
en-us	Among them, the silicon based integrated optical switches have the advantages of compact size, low power consumption, and compatibility with Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technologies, which are suitable for massive low-cost production that can potentially find rich market applications.

zh-cn	文章重点介绍了实现硅基光开关的核心单元器件以及几种代表性光开关阵列，并对光开关状态监控和调节以及光电封装做了阐述。
en-us	This paper focuses on the implementation of the elementary devices for silicon based optical switches and several representative optical switch fabrics. The methods for the switch state monitoring and switch chip package are also covered.

zh-cn	网络应用的发展造成接入网流量复杂多样，对接入网数据流量的精细化管控成为业务运营方和管理者的紧迫需求，网络流量的识别与监控对保障网络安全具有越来越重要的作用。
en-us	The development of network applications makes the access network traffic complex and diverse. Fine control of access network data traffic has become an urgent need for service operators and managers.

zh-cn	在对以太网无源光网络流量识别系统需求分析的基础上，给出一种基于现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 的流量识别系统串接前端的硬件架构，并详细介绍了其中关键匹配引擎模块的设计方案。
en-us	Based on the requirement analysis in Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) traffic identification system, a hardware architecture based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is presented. The key design scheme of matching engine module is introduced in detail.

zh-cn	经过测试，原型系统能够在不引入较大时延的情况下，对10Gbit/s EPON线路数据帧前64字节固定字段进行线速流量识别，
en-us	The test results show that the prototype system can identify the first 64 bytes fixed fields of 10Gbit/s EPON line data frame in line speed without introducing significant latency.

zh-cn	完成对以太网数据的匹配与串接管控操作，为后端分析系统进一步解析数据流量提供有效的支撑。
en-us	It also completes the matching of Ethernet network data and control, and provides effective support for the back-end analysis system for further data parsing.

zh-cn	基于时间窗的告警事务集选取直接影响告警关联规则挖掘的有效性，同时，智能光网络告警的内在关联性使其具备一定的聚类关系，
en-us	The selection of alarm transaction set based on time window directly affects the effectiveness of alarm association rule mining, and the internal correlation of Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) alarm makes it have a certain clustering relationship.

zh-cn	据此提出一种基于业务时间窗选取的告警聚类及关联方法。
en-us	Therefore, we propose a alarm clustering and correlation method based on business time window selection.

zh-cn	首先根据网络业务配置情况对多网元告警进行聚类，
en-us	The multi-network alarm is first clustered according to the network business configuration.

zh-cn	然后通过确定告警增长期进行时间窗划分，生成关联性更强的告警事务集，
en-us	Then the time window is divided to generate a more strongly correlated alarm transaction set by determining the alarm growth period.

zh-cn	并进一步挖掘告警关联规则。
en-us	Finally, we also investigate the alarm association rules.

zh-cn	该方法能够适应智能光网络多平面和多网元告警内在关联的特点，可有效压缩告警事务集，提高告警关联规则的准确度，为后续故障诊断提供支撑。
en-us	This method can adapt to the characteristics of multi-plane and multi-network alarm internal correlation of intelligent optical network, which has the advantages of effectively compressing the alarm transaction set, higher accuracy of alarm association rules, and support for subsequent fault diagnosis.

zh-cn	最后运用实际网络数据验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。
en-us	The feasibility and effectiveness of this method are verified by the practical network data.

zh-cn	针对目前电缆故障引起的频繁停电维修影响了人们正常生活的问题，提出了一种基于偏振光时域反射仪分布式光纤传感技术的电缆安全状态监测系统，
en-us	Current power outage caused by cable failure seriously affects people's normal life. Therefore, an effective monitoring system is required to monitor the status of the cable online.

zh-cn	该系统通过计算差值图的峰度系数来衡量曲线变化的陡峭程度，从而进行入侵点的判断。
en-us	In this paper, we propose a cable safety monitoring system based on polarization optical time-domain reflectometer. The system judges the intrusion point by calculating the kurtosis coefficient for the different maps.

zh-cn	实验表明，系统工作于1μs的脉冲宽度时对扰动位置的判断误差低于100m。
en-us	When the system is operating at a pulse width of 1μs, the error on the intrusion localization is less than 100 m.

zh-cn	通过设置合适的振铃宽度，可以将误报率降至0. 5%以下。
en-us	By setting the ring width appropriately, the false alarm rate can be reduced to be less than 0. 5%.

zh-cn	在不同的电缆长度和电缆布置环境情况下，能够通过对系统参数的配置来满足使用需求。
en-us	In the case of different cable lengths and cable layout environments, the requirements for different users can be satisfied by setting the parameters under different system configurations.

zh-cn	针对双平行马赫-曾德尔调制器工作点漂移的问题，提出一种适用于16进制正交幅度调制的双平行马赫-曾德尔调制器自动偏压控制算法。
en-us	This paper proposes an automatic bias control algorithm for dual parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator which is proposed for 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM) formats to solve the working points drifting problem in dual parallel MachZehnder modulators.

zh-cn	算法分为两个部分，初始化部分和跟踪锁定部分。
en-us	The algorithm is divided into two parts, which are initialization part and tracking locking part.

zh-cn	初始化部分的目的是找到一个接近偏置电压的工作点，以减少跟踪锁定部分算法锁定工作点需要花费的时间;
en-us	The purpose of the initialization part is to find a working point close to the bias voltage to reduce the time required to lock the working point in the tracking locking algorithm.

zh-cn	跟踪锁定部分使用抖动信号检测法找到精确工作偏置点，并且能实时地跟踪随环境变化的偏置点，
en-us	The tracking and locking parts use the detection method of dithering signal to find accurate working bias point, and track the offset point varying in real time.

zh-cn	使得偏置电压在尽量长时间内处于最佳偏置点附近，且在最佳偏置点附近游走的范围尽量小。
en-us	Therefore, the bias voltage can always stay at the best bias point with small the range of variation.

zh-cn	通过实验分析了影响算法结果的因素。
en-us	The factors that affect the results of the algorithm are analyzed in the experiment verification.

zh-cn	实测数据表明，此算法能在较短时间内找到双平行马赫-曾德尔调制器最佳工作偏置点，并能实时进行跟踪调整。
en-us	The measured data show that this algorithm can find the best working bias point of dual parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator in a relatively fast time. It also shows the ability to track and adjust the working bias point in real time.

zh-cn	介电常数是表征材料介电特性的物理量，
en-us	The dielectric constant is a physical quantity that characterizes the dielectric properties of a material.

zh-cn	随着微波电介质在航空器、船舶及车辆和通信等领域的广泛应用，介电常数的精确测量成为人们研究的一个重要内容。
en-us	With the use of microwave dielectrics in aircraft, ships, vehicles, communications, and other fields, the accurate measurement of dielectric constant has become a hot research topic.

zh-cn	为了提高介电常数的测量精度，文章首先提出一种加载六边形互补开口谐振环 (CSRR) 的微波无损平面传感器。
en-us	In order to improve the measurement accuracy of dielectric constant, a microwave non-destructive planar sensor loaded with hexagonal Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) is proposed.

zh-cn	将六边形CSRR微带谐振器与传统的四边形CSRR微带谐振器进行对比，分析结果表明，六边形CSRR较四边形CSRR微带谐振器具有较高的灵敏度，且品质因数也有一定的提高。
en-us	Comparing with the traditional quadrilateral CSRR microstrip resonator, the analysis results show that the hexagonal CSRR microstrip resonator has higher sensitivity than the quadrilateral CSRR, and the quality factor is also improved.

zh-cn	然后，研究了六边形CSRR微带谐振器谐振频率的变化与介电常数的相互作用规律，
en-us	Then, the interaction of the resonant frequency and the dielectric constant of the hexagonal CSRR microstrip resonator is studied.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，当待测样品的介电常数变大时，其谐振频率变小，且谐振频率的负二次方与介电常数呈线性关系;
en-us	The simulation results show that when the dielectric constant of the measured sample becomes larger, the resonant frequency becomes smaller. The negative quadratic and the dielectric constant are linearly related.

zh-cn	将仿真数据进行数据拟合得到介电常数与谐振频率之间的解析式，验证了通过测量加载待测样品时传感器的谐振频率实现对待测样品介电常数测量的可能性，
en-us	The analytical data of the dielectric constant and the resonant frequency are obtained by fitting the data of the simulation data, which are verified by measuring the resonant frequency of the sample when loading the measured sample.

zh-cn	对以后的工程设计具有重要的参考价值。
en-us	The proposed measurement method has important reference value in future engineering design.

zh-cn	针对无人机的空地信道环境，提出一种空对地通信环境下的三维椭圆柱无人机多输入多输出信道模型。
en-us	Aiming at the air-to-ground channel environment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) , this paper presents a MultiInput Multiple-Output (MIMO) channel model for Three-Dimensional (3D) elliptical column UAV in air-to-ground communication environment.

zh-cn	基于所提信道模型研究了发射机的移动性和高度，并且在考虑地面和路边环境反射的情况下研究了所提信道模型的统计特性。
en-us	In this paper, the mobility and height of the transmitter are studied based on the proposed channel model. The statistical properties of the proposed channel model are studied by considering the reflection of the ground and roadside environments.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提模型的信道统计量与以往的通信信道结果一致。
en-us	Finally, the numerical results show that the proposed channel statistics are consistent with the previous communication channel results.

zh-cn	总体而言，由空间相关函数表示的所提信道模型为研究无人机信道通信系统提供了新颖且实用的方法。
en-us	The proposed channel model represented by spatial correlation function provides a novel and practical method for the study of UAV channel communication system.

zh-cn	为提高多径条件下无线信道测量中的时延估计精度，结合匹配滤波、方位估计方法 (MODE) 以及基于加权傅里叶变换和松弛 (WRELAX) 算法，提出了一种具有额外根的方位估计与基于加权傅里叶变换和松弛法算法的融合 (MODEX-WRELAX) 算法，并给出了相应的算法推导。
en-us	In order to improve the accuracy of time delay estimation in wireless channel measurements under multipath conditions, a combination of matched filtering, Method of Direction Estimation (MODE) , and Weighted Fourier transform and RELAXation based (WRELAX) are studied. This paper proposes a MODE with extra Roots, which is based on WRELAX (MODEX-WRELAX) algorithm. The corresponding algorithm derivation is also presented in this paper.

zh-cn	新算法既可以分辨多径时延，又能很好地抑制噪声以及强干扰。
en-us	The new algorithm can not only resolve multipath delay but also suppress noise and strong interference well.

zh-cn	对新算法进行仿真实验，仿真结果表明，新算法提供了比MODE、WRELAX以及MODE-WRELAX算法更高的精度和分辨率，
en-us	Simulation results show that this method provides higher accuracy and resolution than MODE, WRELAX, and MODE-WRELAX algorithms.

zh-cn	且新算法可以接近相应的克拉美罗界限 (CRB) 。
en-us	It also shows that the MODEX-WRELAX algorithm can approach the corresponding Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) .

zh-cn	在移动自组织网络中节点自私性难辨，而自私节点不尽全力转发数据会降低网络的可靠性。
en-us	In self-organizing networks, nodes are less self-identical, while self-serving nodes do not do their best to forward data to reduce the reliability of the network.

zh-cn	基于此，将联合博弈论建立在动态贝叶斯框架下，形成了一种基于贝叶斯联合博弈的数据传输算法。
en-us	Based on this, the joint game theory is established in the dynamic Bayesian framework, and a data transmission algorithm based on Bayesian game is formed.

zh-cn	算法首先根据各节点的信念更新值发现不良节点;
en-us	The algorithm first finds out the bad nodes according to the beliefs of each node,

zh-cn	然后根据不良节点预估网络环境，计算各个预估环境的联合信念概率并归一化为联合体存在概率，
en-us	and then calculates the joint belief probability of each predicated environment and normalizes the joint existence probability according to the prediction of the network environment by the bad nodes.

zh-cn	计算各联合体下各节点的安全效益值，得到所对应的合约;
en-us	Next, we calculate the security benefit values of each joint under each joint, and obtain the corresponding contract.

zh-cn	接着运用先验中期拒绝找到贝叶斯稳态合约;
en-us	Then we use a priori medium to refuse to find the Bayesian steady state contract.

zh-cn	最后通过设置安全容量计算权值的方式惩处不良节点，保证联合体内各节点安全容量和收益最大化。
en-us	Finally, the bad nodes are punished by setting the security capacity to calculate the weights, to ensure that the security capacity and benefits of each node in the federation are maximized and the data is effectively forwarded.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与其他两种算法相比，所提算法不仅有较少的路由延迟和控制开销比，还有较高的数据包投递率，有效降低了不良节点对网络的不利影响。
en-us	The simulation results show that, compared with the other two algorithms, the proposed algorithm not only has less routing delay and control overhead, but also has a higher packet delivery rate, which effectively reduces the adverse effects of the bad nodes on the network.

zh-cn	毫米波大规模多输入多输出系统由于混合预编码可以大大减少射频链路的使用，
en-us	In a millimeter wave massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system, hybrid precoding has become a hot research topic because it can greatly reduce the use of radio frequency links,

zh-cn	
en-us	and solve the hardware loss caused by full digital precoding.

zh-cn	解决全数字预编码造成的硬件损耗，而且性能接近全数字预编码而成为目前研究的热点。
en-us	In addition, the performance is close to full digital precoding.

zh-cn	文章提出利用自适应连接网络，在模拟域和数字域均采用迫零算法，从而进一步降低硬件成本。
en-us	This paper proposes to use an adaptive connection network, using Zero-Forcing (ZF) algorithm in both analog and digital domains, which can further reduce the hardware costs.

zh-cn	在瑞利衰落信道和稀疏散射毫米波信道分别对提出的算法进行了仿真，
en-us	The proposed algorithm is simulated on the Rayleigh fading channel and the sparsely scattered millimeter wave channel.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法能够在自适应连接网络结构中实现更好的性能，
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve better performance in the adaptive connection network structure,

zh-cn	比同结构自适应算法具有更高的频谱效率，
en-us	and has higher spectral efficiency than the same structure adaptive algorithm.

zh-cn	性能更加逼近全数字预编码。
en-us	It also shows that the performance is closer to full digital precoding.

zh-cn	文章提出了工业互联网联网后的高级阶段: 企业智能体 (EAI) 。
en-us	This paper proposes the advanced stage after industrial, Internet interconnection:Enterprise-AI Agent (EAI) .

zh-cn	EAI在属性、历史、两者关系、进化、统计形态和集中控制等角度均不同于智慧企业和一般意义的智能企业。
en-us	It is totally different from intelligent enterprises in attributes, history, relationships, evolution, statistics, centralized control, etc.

zh-cn	文章给出了EAI的定义，解释了为什么要建设EAI，EAI有什么特点;现阶段如何构建和工程科技问题是什么等问题。
en-us	The definition of EAI, “Why should we build EAI”, “What are the characteristics of EAI”, “How to construct at this stage”, “What is the engineering science and technology of EAI”are given in detail.

zh-cn	文章还特别强调了EAI要建两个关联工厂:智能的和物理的 (感知部分) 。
en-us	Among them, this paper emphasizes that an EAI should build two related factories:intelligent and physical (perception part) .

zh-cn	“全部物理工厂+企业云网+装备+感知+大数据+算法+人工智能”是EAI的基本单元，EAI可以大大突破传统企业原来的能力和信息力、空间和时间的局限，大大提高企业的竞争效率，大大突破企业原来的市场空间和管理能力。
en-us	“Physical factory+ Enterprise Cloud Network+equipment+sensing+big data+algorithm+artificial intelligence”is the basic element. EAI will greatly break through the limitations of traditional enterprises' capabilities, informational power, space and time.

zh-cn	EAI还将重塑企业发展模式，重构企业组织结构，提高企业管理的精准性、高效性和可预见性。
en-us	It will reshape enterprise development mode and enterprise organizational structure, and improve the accuracy, efficiency and predictability of enterprise management.

zh-cn	文章提出了未来网络建设的一种新范式:网络智能体和城市智能体。
en-us	This paper proposes a new paradigm of future network:Net-AI Agent and City-AI Agent.

zh-cn	在思路上完全不同于“美欧日韩等先后启动的各类未来网络研究计划”，
en-us	It is totally different from the"various future network research projects launched by developed countries.

zh-cn	不再仅仅局限于“纯网络”范畴的革新，
en-us	The innovation is no longer confined to the scope of"pure network".

zh-cn	而是跳出“纯网络创新”范畴，以网络连接数从百亿巨增到人-网-物万物互联与融合的千亿和万亿需求层面着手，以未来互联网从消费领域全面向工业制造领域推进的巨大需求层面着手，
en-us	Instead, it jumps out of the scope of"pure network innovation", starting with the huge increase of network connections from 10 billion to 100 billion and trillion by starting with the huge demand level of the future Internet from the consumption field to the industry field,

zh-cn	以人类知识总量翻一番的时间由几百年缩短到半天的大数据需求层面着手，
en-us	by starting with the big data demand level, where the total amount of human knowledge has doubled from several hundred years to a half day,

zh-cn	从与传统网络技术兼容、保护现有网络投资并可不断纳入各类未来网络新技术的思路着手，
en-us	by starting from compatibility with traditional network technology and protecting existing network investment.

zh-cn	本文提出端到端的、全程全网角度的“网络 (云网) +感知+大数据+算法处理+人工智能”类人行为意识和自我调控能力，互相协同、共同解决网络中存在的问题 (因为单靠纯网络自身已很难解决这一综合问题) 。
en-us	This paper proposes"Network (Cloud Network) + Sensor Networks+ Big Data+Algorithmic Processing+ AI"of the end-to-end and whole network of human-like behavior consciousness and self-regulating ability, (because it is very difficult to solve these comprehensive problems by pure network innovation alone) , which can coordinate mutually and solve the problems in network together.

zh-cn	网络重构与软件定义网络/网络功能虚拟化 (SDN/NFV) 只是该范式的第一步。
en-us	Network reconstruction and Software Defined Network/Network Function Virtualization (SDN/NFV) are the first step of this paradigm.

zh-cn	详细介绍了什么是网络重构，网络重构和引入智能的必要性和紧迫性，网络重构的基本内容，什么是网络智能体，什么是城市智能体并举例。
en-us	The paper introduces several key issues in detail including the network reconstruction, necessity and urgency of network reconstruction and intelligence, be-all of network reconstruction, " what is Net-AI agent", and" what is City-AI agent".

zh-cn	奇点光束包括基于相位奇点的轨道角动量 (OAM) 光束和基于偏振奇点的柱矢量光束 (CVB) 。
en-us	The singular optical beams refer to the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) beam with phase singularity and the Cylindrical Vector Beam (CVB) with polarization singularity.

zh-cn	OAM光束和CVB都具有正交性，可以作为空分复用的模式应用于光通信中，
en-us	Both the OAM and CVB are orthogonal optical modes, which can serve as basis for spatial division multiplexing optical communication.

zh-cn	为光束复用提供一个新的自由度，大幅度地提高光通信系统的容量，在光通信中具有广泛的应用前景。
en-us	By providing a new degree of freedom, the singular optical beam multiplexing techniques dramatically increase the optical communication capacity and show significant application potentials in both classical and quantum optical communication.

zh-cn	文章首先介绍了OAM光束和CVB的数学描述和物理特性，
en-us	In this review paper, we firstly introduce the mathematical descriptions and physics properties of the OAM and CVB beams.

zh-cn	然后重点综述了其产生和检测方法以及在自由空间光通信和光纤通信中的研究进展，
en-us	Then the methods and techniques for OAM and CVB generation/detection are summarized.

zh-cn	比较了OAM光束和CVB在光通信应用中各自的优势与不足之处。
en-us	We also review the latest progresses of the OAM and CVB multiplexing based optical communication applications including the free-space and optical fiber communication.

zh-cn	最后，探讨了奇点光束复用光通信的应用方向和发展趋势。
en-us	Finally, we talk about the pros and cons of the singular optical beams, and show our prospective for the future developments of the techniques.

zh-cn	光纤传感器因其具有抗电磁干扰、耐腐蚀、质量轻、体积小、精度高和易于复用等诸多优点，已广泛应用于航空航天、石油化工、电子电力、土木工程和生物医药等领域。
en-us	Optical fiber sensing has the advantages of immunity to electromagnetic interference, resistance to corrosion, light weight, small size, high resolution, and easy multiplexing, which has been widely used for various sensing applications, such as aerospace, petrochemical, electronic power, civil engineering, and biomedicine.

zh-cn	传统的光纤传感解调技术存在精度低、速度慢和稳定性差等缺点。
en-us	The conventional interrogation schemes suffer from the problems of low resolution, low rate, and poor stability.

zh-cn	为解决此问题，近年来，基于微波光子学的传感与解调技术引起了科研人员的广泛关注。
en-us	To solve these problems, microwave photonics based sensing and interrogation technique has attracted extensive attention of the researchers.

zh-cn	文章系统地回顾了基于微波光子学的光纤传感解调技术的研究进展，
en-us	In this paper, a comprehensive and systematic overview of optical fiber sensing interrogation techniques based on microwave photonics is presented.

zh-cn	介绍了多种微波光子传感解调方案及其工作原理，并对未来的研究和发展方向进行了探讨。
en-us	Several microwave photonics-based interrogation schemes and the corresponding operation principles are introduced, and the future development direction are also discussed.

zh-cn	近年来模分复用技术被广泛认为是突破传统单模光纤通信系统和网络容量“瓶颈”的有效途径，
en-us	In recent years, Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) techniques have been widely considered as an effective approach to break out the capacity bottleneck of conventional single-mode optical-fiber communication systems and networks.

zh-cn	其典型方案包括强耦合和弱耦合两种。
en-us	The typical schemes include strongly-coupled and weakly-coupled ones.

zh-cn	在弱耦合模分复用方案中，模式串扰应尽量被抑制，使得各模式中的信号可独立传输和接收。
en-us	In a weakly-coupled MDM scheme, the modal crosstalk should be suppressed as much as possible. Therefore, a signal in each mode can be transmitted and received independently.

zh-cn	文章首先对强耦合和弱耦合模式技术原理进行了介绍，
en-us	In this paper, we first introduce the technical principles of strongly-coupled and weakly-coupled schemes.

zh-cn	之后设计制作了一种弱耦合双环型纤芯结构少模光纤，设计制作了基于模式选择耦合器的模式复用/解复用器，
en-us	Then a weakly-coupled Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) with double-ring core structure, together with the mode Multiplexer (MUX) and Demultiplexer (DEMUX) based on mode-selective coupler, are designed and fabricated.

zh-cn	在此基础上演示了6模式、10km弱耦合模分复用传输实验，仅采用强度调制和无数字信号处理的直接检测设计了一种简并模式解复用方案，并基于熔融拉锥工艺制作了该器件，
en-us	Next, transmission experimental demonstration based on 6-mode10-km weakly-coupled MDM is achieved with intensity modulation and Digital-Signal-Processing-free (DSP-free) direct detection. A degenerate mode demultiplexing scheme is designed, which is then fabricated based on the heating and tapering method.

zh-cn	最终首次实现了模分复用实时视频传输，这表明模分复用技术向实际应用迈进了重要一步。
en-us	Finally, the first real-time video MDM transmission is realized, which indicates that a big step has been made for the MDM technique towards practical implementation.

zh-cn	随着光网络规模的快速扩张，光网络的运维与管理在可靠性、灵活性和安全性等方面面临着越来越严峻的挑战。
en-us	With the rapid expansion of optical networks, the network operation and management are facing increasingly severe challenges in terms of reliability, flexibility, and security.

zh-cn	为降低光网络决策控制的复杂度，提升光网络的智能化控管能力，文章结合人工智能技术提出了自优化光网络的概念，
en-us	In order to reduce the complexity of decision making and improve the intelligent control ability of optical networks, this paper proposes the concept of Self Optimizing Optical Networks (SOON) .

zh-cn	并基于边缘计算与云计算协同的思想，提出了边缘计算与云计算协同的自优化光网络实现机制，
en-us	In addition, this paper proposes a SOON implementation mechanism based on edge computing and cloud computing.

zh-cn	通过光传送节点和控制节点的协同机制，为光网络动态提供人工智能所需的计算资源。
en-us	The cooperative mechanism among optical transport nodes and control nodes is able to satisfy the computing requirement for artificial intelligence application.

zh-cn	鉴于可见光屏幕通信具有抗干扰能力强、不占用频谱资源和链路部署简单易于交互等特点，
en-us	Visible light screen communication has the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability, no occupation of frequency spectrum resources, simple link deployment, and easy interaction.

zh-cn	设计了基于卷积神经网络 (CNN) 的可见光屏幕通信系统。
en-us	This paper designs a visible light screen communication system based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) .

zh-cn	重点阐述了帧结构的定义、接收单元CNN模块的引入以及解析机制的设计。
en-us	It includes the definition of the frame structure, the introduction of the receiving unit CNN module, and the design of the resolution mechanism.

zh-cn	帧结构的定义确保了整个系统的可靠性，丰富了屏幕通信传输内容的多样性;
en-us	The definition of the frame structure ensures the reliability of the system and enriches the diversity of the transmission content of the screen communication.

zh-cn	CNN模块的引入使接收单元可以自动识别屏幕发送的内容，
en-us	The introduction of the CNN module allows the receiving unit to automatically identify the content sent by the screen.

zh-cn	不依赖传统的定位检测图形，提高了智能化和信息携带量;
en-us	It also does not rely on traditional positioning detection patterns, which improves the intelligence and information carrying capacity.

zh-cn	两种解析机制的设计提高了屏幕通信的普适性。
en-us	The design of the two resolution mechanisms improves the universality of screen communication.

zh-cn	实验系统实现了96. 4%的识别成功率，达到实时150kbit/s和非实时300kbit/s的通信速率，可以传输文本、图片和音频等类型的文件。
en-us	It can achieve 96. 4% recognition success rate at realtime 150 kbit/s and non-real-time 300 kbit/s communication rate, which can be used to transmit text, picture, audio type files.

zh-cn	软件定义传送网 (SDTN) 通过将控制功能与传送功能分离，对传送网的网络资源和状态进行逻辑集中控制，实现传送网络的可编程性和自动化控制，
en-us	Software Defined Transport Network (SDTN) controls the network resources and status of the transport network logically and centrally by separating control function and transmission function, which can realize the programmability and automatic control of transport network.

zh-cn	构建面向业务应用的灵活、开放和智能的传送网络体系架构。
en-us	It can also build a flexible, open, and intelligent transport network architecture for business applications.

zh-cn	在SDTN体系架构中，北向接口是连接SDTN控制器与上层应用的重要纽带，
en-us	In the software-defined transport network architecture, the northbound interface is an important link between the SDTN controller and the upper application.

zh-cn	但目前仍没有统一的标准，给SDTN的发展带来了困难。
en-us	However, there is no unified standard, which has brought difficulties to the development of the SDTN.

zh-cn	文章对当前热门的北向接口信息模型传输应用编程接口 (TAPI) 进行了探讨，结合SDTN协同控制器设计实现了TAPI北向接口，并测试验证了TAPI北向接口信息模型的有效性和互操作性，
en-us	This paper first discusses the popular northbound interface information model Transport Application Programming Interface (TAPI) . Then we design and implement the TAPI northbound interface in combination with the SDTN coordinate controller to test and verify the effectiveness and interoperability of the TAPI northbound interface information model.

zh-cn	为SDTN北向接口信息模型的选用提供了参考。
en-us	Finally, we provide a reference for the selection of the SDTN northbound interface information model.

zh-cn	骨干光通信网链路容易受到破坏而失效，从而导致通信故障，
en-us	The link of backbone optical communication network is easily destroyed, resulting in communication failure.

zh-cn	因此对骨干光通信网链路重要度进行识别，并根据链路重要度等级确定链路的防护等级具有重要意义。
en-us	Therefore, it is important to identify the link importance of backbone optical communication networks and determine the protection level of links according to the link importance.

zh-cn	文章针对骨干光通信网拓扑层，首先计算网络的自然连通度，将拉普拉斯矩阵零特征根重数作为自然连通度的权值，定义了加权自然连通度;
en-us	In topology of backbone optical communication network, this paper first calculates the natural connectivity of the network, and defines the weighted natural connectivity by taking the zero eigenvalues of the Laplace matrix as the weight of the natural connectivity.

zh-cn	然后基于加权自然连通度来分析链路失效对网络抗毁性的影响，定量计算链路拓扑重要度，实现对骨干光通信网链路重要度的识别;
en-us	By analyzing the impact of link failure on network invulnerability with the weighted natural connectivity, the link topology importance is quantitatively calculated, which can realize the identification of the link importance in the backbone optical communication networks.

zh-cn	最后，对算法流程进行说明，
en-us	Finally, the algorithm in this paper is expounded.

zh-cn	并以具体电力通信骨干光网络模型为例，
en-us	Taking a model of specific power communication optical backbone network as an example,

zh-cn	通过仿真对比分析算法的有效性和准确性，
en-us	the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm are verified by comparison with other algorithms.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，加权自然连通度在评估链路重要度方面比自然连通度更全面合理。
en-us	In addition, it is demonstrated that the weighted natural connectivity is more comprehensive and reasonable in evaluating link importance than natural connectivity.

zh-cn	军用光缆网是重要的国防基础通信设施，
en-us	The military optical cable network is an important communication infrastructure for army.

zh-cn	传统的人工徒步巡检是查找光缆线路隐患的主要措施，
en-us	The traditional artificial walking patrol and inspection is the main method to find the hidden dangers of the optical cable lines.

zh-cn	但其耗时长，人力物力消耗大，易受敷设方式和地形环境变化影响。
en-us	However, it takes a long time, and consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. It is also vulnerable to the changes in laying methods and terrain environment.

zh-cn	而采用无人机进行光缆线路巡检，时效性强，安全性高且经济性好，是未来的重点发展方向。
en-us	However, the use of unmanned aerial vehicle for the patrol and inspection of optical cable lines, is the main development direction in the future due to the characteristics of fast, safe and economical.

zh-cn	由于工程车辆施工挖掘是造成光缆线路障碍的最主要原因，为此，文章提出将深度学习更快的基于区域的卷积神经网络 (Faster R-CNN) 目标检测方法应用到无人机航拍巡检图像的工程车辆检测中。
en-us	Because the factor of excavation in construction is the most important reason for the obstacle of the optical cable lines, it is proposed to apply the deep learning Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) target detection method to detect the image of engineering vehicle obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle.

zh-cn	基于航空影像中的车辆检测 (VEDAI) 公共数据集制作了工程车辆数据集，通过仿真训练和测试，实现了航拍图像中挖掘机和推土机等工程车辆的Faster RCNN目标检测，
en-us	Based on the Vehicle Detection in Aerial Imagery (VEDAI) public data set, the engineering vehicle data set is made. Through simulation, the target detection of engineering vehicles such as excavators and bulldozers in aerial photography is achieved.

zh-cn	检测平均精度 (AP) 值达0. 659，
en-us	The Average Precision (AP) value can reach 0. 659.

zh-cn	优于传统的可变形组建模型 (DPM) 和方向梯度直方图+局部二值模式+支持向量机 (HOG+LBP+SVM) 等机器学习检测算法，
en-us	The detection results are better than traditional Deformable Part Model (DPM) and Histogram of Oriented Gradient+ Local Binary Pattern+ Support Vector Machine (HOG+LBP+SVM) machine learning detection methods.

zh-cn	研究结果可为军用光缆线路的无人机巡检应用研究提供一定的参考。
en-us	The study can provide a certain reference for the application of patrol and inspection for military optical cable lines by unmanned aerial vehicle.

zh-cn	脉冲光纤激光器系统产生的放大自发辐射 (ASE) 是制约其峰值功率的重要因素，而脉冲泵浦是抑制脉冲光纤激光器脉冲自发辐射的有效方法。
en-us	Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) produced by pulsed fiber laser system is an important factor restricting the peak power. Pulsed pump is an effective method to suppress the ASE among the pulses of pulsed fiber lasers.

zh-cn	文章对掺镱双包层光纤放大器的脉冲泵浦特性进行了研究，
en-us	The pulse pumping characteristics of Yb doped double clad fiber amplifier are experimentally studied in this paper.

zh-cn	设计了一种由信号源、隔离器、放大级和滤波器组成的实验光路。
en-us	An experimental model consisting of a signal source, an isolator, an amplifier stage and a filter is designed.

zh-cn	对于脉冲泵浦，放大器设计中需要确定的最主要因素是泵浦功率和泵浦脉宽，
en-us	For the pulsed pump, the pump power and pump duration are two most important factors, which are required to be determined during amplifier design.

zh-cn	文章研究了单脉冲能量、ASE功率与泵浦功率以及泵浦脉宽之间的关系，
en-us	In this paper, the relationship between pulse energy and ASE with pump power and duration is studied.

zh-cn	所得结论对脉冲泵浦光纤放大器的设计具有一定的参考价值。
en-us	The conclusions are valuable for the design of pulsed pump fiber amplifier.

zh-cn	为有效提升多输入多输出系统的频谱效率，降低算法复杂度，文章提出了一种基于迭代思想的矩阵分解算法。
en-us	In order to effectively improve the spectrum efficiency of the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system and reduce the complexity of the algorithm, this paper proposes a matrix decomposition algorithm based on iterative method.

zh-cn	首先初始化模拟预编码矩阵并获取最优预编码矩阵;
en-us	First, the analog precoding matrix is initialized and the optimal precoding matrix is obtained.

zh-cn	然后通过模拟预编码矩阵与最优预编码矩阵来获取数字预编码矩阵，通过提取数字预编码矩阵中的相位信息更新模拟预编码矩阵，利用已更新的模拟矩阵来更新数字矩阵;
en-us	Then the digital precoding matrix is obtained by simulating the precoding matrix and the optimal precoding matrix, and the analog precoding matrix is updated by extracting the phase information in the digital precoding matrix.

zh-cn	最后通过不断交替迭代直到收敛。
en-us	The updated simulation matrix updates the digital matrix and finally iterates through alternating iterations until convergence.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法具有较低的复杂度且更接近纯数字预编码性能。
en-us	The simulation results show that it has lower complexity and better performance, which is closer to the pure digital precoding performance.

zh-cn	为实现光保真技术-无线保真技术 (LiFi-WiFi) 混合网络的吞吐量最优化，文中将系统负载均衡问题建模为联合效用最大化问题，
en-us	Aiming at throughput optimization of hybrid LiFi-WiFi network, the system load balancing scheme can be formulated as a joint utility maximization problem,

zh-cn	并使用对数效用函数实现用户的比例公平。
en-us	and a logarithmic utility function is used to achieve proportional fairness for users.

zh-cn	在该方案中考虑LiFi和WiFi网络之间切换导致的信令开销，结合LiFi系统直射和反射路径以及信道噪声，分析了光同信道干扰和非同信道干扰情况下信噪比对数据速率和总吞吐量的影响。
en-us	In this scheme, based on the signalling overhead caused by handover between light-fidelity (LiFi) and wireless fidelity (WiFi) , as well as the channel noise from the direct and reflective paths, the data rate and total throughput effected by SNR are analyzed and evaluated with co-channel interference and non-channel interference.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法的估计值满足实际的通信需求。
en-us	The simulation results show that the estimation of the proposed scheme can meet the actual communication demand.

zh-cn	针对现有的基于互信息最大化的异构图神经网络(HGNN)方法因图读出操作的单射限制、粗粒度的特征保留而无法适用于现实网络的问题，提出一种基于局部图互信息最大化的、无监督的异构图神经网络方法。
en-us	Aiming at the shortcomings of the injective ability of readout function and coarse-grained feature preservation in traditional mutual information maximization based heterogeneous graph neural networks( HGNN), which make them inadequate to use in the real-work networks, a new local graphical mutual information maximization based unsupervised heterogeneous graph neural network is presented.

zh-cn	该方法使用元路径对异构图中涉及到的语义关系进行建模，并利用图卷积模块和语义级别的注意力机制来捕获单个节点的局部表征。
en-us	The model uses the meta-path to model the structure involving semantics in heterogeneous graphs and utilizes graph convolution module and semantic-level attention mechanism to capture individual node local representations.

zh-cn	该方法通过最大化单个节点与局部子图间的互信息，有效地学习高阶节点表征。
en-us	By maximizing the mutual information between the individual node embedding and the local graph, the proposed model effectively learns high-level node representations.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方法相比基于全局图互信息的方法，可以将数据集DBLP/IMDB上的节点分类任务的微值F1(micro-F1)提高大约3%/9%，同时将DBLP/IMDB上的节点聚类任务的调整兰德系数(ARI)提高约23%/46%。
en-us	The experimental results show that compared with HDGI which is based on the global graph mutual information maximization, the proposed method can increase the micro-F1 of the node classification task on DBLP/IMDB up to about 3%/9%, as well as the adjusted Rand index(ARI) of the node clustering task on DBLP/IMDB up to about 23%/46%.

zh-cn	密封圈的缺陷区域过小、缺陷特征与背景相似度较高和密封圈上杂质过多，导致密封圈表面缺陷检测难度很大。
en-us	Due to the undersized defect areas of the sealing ring, the high similarity between the defect feature and the background and the redundancy of impurities on the sealing ring, the detection of the sealing ring's surface defects has been extremely difficult.

zh-cn	对此，本文提出一种基于编解码结构的语义分割缺陷检测算法。
en-us	Aiming at solving the problems faced by defect detection, this paper proposes a semantic segmentation defect detection algorithm based on encoding/decoding structure.

zh-cn	首先，通过向编码器端的各个卷积模块注入不同尺度的图像特征，以此增加模型的多尺度信息和冗余信息，
en-us	Firstly, image features at different scales are inserted into each convolution module on the encoder side to increase the multi-scale information and redundant information of the model.

zh-cn	同时使用膨胀卷积层替换常规卷积层，有效地增加网络的感受野，使得模型不易漏掉小的缺陷;
en-us	At the same time, the dilated convolution layer is used to replace the conventional convolution layer, therefore effectively increasing the receptive field of the network and decreasing the risk of missing small defects.

zh-cn	其次，结合注意力机制将编码器的信息与解码器端的信息进行级联，加强模型对目标区域信息的捕获;
en-us	Secondly, combined with the attention mechanism, the information of the encoder and the decoder is cascaded, and the capture of the target area's information by this model is optimized.

zh-cn	最后，将解码器端输出的不同尺度信息进行融合，提高网络对小缺陷的分割精度。
en-us	Finally, the fusion of the different-scaled information from the decoder could improve the network' s segmentation accuracy for small defects.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文所提出的方法能够对较小的、边缘不清晰的密封圈缺陷进行有效分割，能够满足密封圈缺陷的检测需求。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively divide the small and unclear seal ring defects, and can meet the requirements of the detection of seal ring defects.

zh-cn	位置社交网络(LBSN)用户位置数据的分布不均衡，及某些用户出于对隐私安全的考量刻意隐藏自己部分位置信息等因素加剧了兴趣点(POI)推荐难度。
en-us	In location-based social networks(LBSNs), the uneven distribution of users' check-in data and the fact that some users deliberately hide some of their location information for privacy and security concerns aggravate the difficulty of point of interest(POI) recommendation.

zh-cn	就此本文提出了基于元学习的时空神经常微分方程(ML-ODE)来进行有效的下一个POI推荐。
en-us	Aiming at this issue, a meta-learning based ordinary differential neural network(ML-ODE) is proposed to carry out effective POI recommendation tasks.

zh-cn	该模型主要是将元学习的思想融入到POI推荐过程中，
en-us	ML-ODE leverages the meta-learning mechanism to optimize the parameters of recommendation model.

zh-cn	通过不同任务训练优化初始参数，将数据丰富城市中的泛化移动模式迁移到数据匮乏城市，达到优化POI预测任务的目的。该模型将神经常微分方程用于POI推荐领域，
en-us	ML-ODE utilizes different tasks to initial parameters, during which the generalized mobility knowledge in the data-rich area is transferred to the datapoor area to achieve the purpose of optimizing the POI recommendation.

zh-cn	定义连续的动态过程，可以接受任意时刻的输入数据，
en-us	The network defines a continuous dynamic process that can accept input data that is sporadically-observed.

zh-cn	克服了大多数时序推荐模型静态离散化的时间间隔处理方式，更适用于POI序列推荐任务。
en-us	It overcomes the static discretization constraints of most time series prediction models and is more suitable for POI recommendation.

zh-cn	在真实公开数据集Foursqure上的实验结果表明，ML-ODE在POI推荐方面比当前主流的POI预测方法在NDCG@N指标上提升了超过10%。
en-us	The experimental results on the Foursqure real public dataset show that ML-ODE has better performance in POI recommendation than the current state-of-the-art POI recommendation method on the index of NDCG@ N which has been increased by more than10%.

zh-cn	在通过传感器采集信源获得观测数据的过程中，估计信源的数量对源信号处理和观测数据分析起着非常重要的作用。
en-us	In the processing of acquiring the observed data by using sensors to collect sources, it is very important to estimate the number of sources for signal processing and observed data analysis.

zh-cn	为了确定稀疏信源的数量，本文提出了增强信号线性聚类特性的可视化估计方法。
en-us	In order to determine the number of sparse sources, this paper proposes a visual estimation method to enhance the linear clustering characteristics of signals.

zh-cn	首先，利用短时傅里叶变换(STFT)把时域的观测信号变换成频域中的复频谱以增强观测数据的稀疏性;
en-us	Firstly, the short time Fourier transform(STFT) is used to transform the observed signal in the time domain into a complex spectrum in the frequency domain to enhance the sparsity of the observed data.

zh-cn	然后，建立一种角度余弦的相似性测度，以频谱实部分量与虚部分量之间的角度阈值来判别数据点所归属的信源;
en-us	Then, a similarity measure of angle cosine is established, and the angle threshold between the real part and imaginary part of the spectrum is used to determine the source of the data points.

zh-cn	最后，把该角度阈值应用于单源点(SSP)检测中，剔除造成干扰的多源点(MSP)数据，凸显稀疏信源的线性聚类特性。
en-us	Finally, the angle threshold is applied to single-sourcepoint(SSP) detection to eliminate the multiple-source-point(MSP) that causes interference and highlights the linear clustering characteristics of sparse sources.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文方法可以有效地增强数据的线性聚类特性，实现对信源数量直观地估计。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively enhance the linear clustering characteristics of the observed data and realize the intuitive estimate the number of sources.

zh-cn	云系统中的任务卸载是一种将密集的移动应用程序迁移到云端计算的机制。
en-us	Task offloading in cloud computing is a mechanism for migrating intensive mobile applications to cloud environment.

zh-cn	考虑云用户服务质量和云系统能耗水平，在云端引入周期性同步半休眠模式，提出一种云计算任务卸载策略。
en-us	By considering the service quality of cloud users and the energy consumption level of cloud system, a periodic synchronous semi-sleep mode is introduced in the cloud and a task offloading strategy is proposed.

zh-cn	针对不同负载情况下的虚拟机服务速率，构建多服务台同步多重工作休假排队模型。
en-us	According to the service rates of virtual machine under different loads, a multi-server queueing model with synchronous multiple working vacation is constructed.

zh-cn	基于拟生灭过程和矩阵几何解方法，得到云用户的平均响应时间与云系统的能源消耗。
en-us	Using the quasi-birth-and-death process and matrix-geometric solution method, the average response time of cloud users and the energy consumption of cloud system are derived.

zh-cn	进行系统实验，评估卸载策略的系统性能，并验证其有效性。
en-us	System experiments are carried out to evaluate the system performance and verify the validity of the offloading strategy.

zh-cn	基于权重分配构建系统成本函数，
en-us	With the weight factors of different performance measures, a system cost function is constructed.

zh-cn	改进海鸥优化算法，给出云计算任务卸载策略的智能优化方案，实现系统成本的最小化。
en-us	By improving a seagull optimization algorithm, the proposed task offloading strategy in cloud computing is optimized with the minimum system cost.

zh-cn	随着深度学习的发展，越来越多的热泵系统故障诊断方法引入深度学习技术并取得了较好的效果。
en-us	With the development of deep learning, more and more heat pump system fault diagnosis methods use deep learning technology and get good results.

zh-cn	基于深度学习的故障诊断技术需要依赖大量带有标记的故障数据，而现实中这类数据获取较为困难，这限制了智能诊断技术的应用。
en-us	The fault diagnosis technology based on deep learning needs to rely on a large number of labeled fault data, but in reality, such data is very difficult to obtain, which limits the application of intelligent diagnosis technology.

zh-cn	针对这一问题，本文提出利用生成对抗网络(GAN)学习故障数据的分布，并生成更多的标记数据，实现故障数据集的扩充。
en-us	Aiming at this issue, the generative adversarial network(GAN) is proposed to learn the distribution of fault data and generate more labeled data to achieve the augmentation of the fault data set.

zh-cn	针对热泵系统运行数据结构复杂且不同故障间差异小给模型学习带来较大困难这一问题，本文提出利用热泵系统基准模型将运行数据转化为残差数据并作为训练数据，降低数据复杂度，增加差异性。
en-us	For the complex operation data structure of the heat pump systems and the small difference of data value between different faults bring great difficulty to model learning, this paper proposes to use the heat pump system benchmark model to convert the operation data into residual data and use it as training data to reduce data complexity and increase the difference of data value.

zh-cn	利用MMD指标和1-NN指标对生成的数据进行分析，发现生成数据分布和真实数据接近，且利用残差数据训练的GAN模型质量更高。
en-us	Using the MMD and 1-NN indicator to analyze the generated data, it is found that the distribution of the generated data is close to the real data, and the GAN model trained with residual data is of higher quality.

zh-cn	利用故障诊断方法对引入不同比例生成数据的模型训练结果进行分析，发现生成数据的引入可以提高数据量不足条件下的故障诊断精度。
en-us	Using the method of fault diagnosis to analyze the training results of models that use different amounts of generated data, it is found that the introduction of generated data can improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis under insufficient data conditions.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，基于GAN的数据扩充方法可有效降低智能诊断对标记数据的依赖，是一种应用前景广阔的技术。
en-us	The experimental results prove that the GAN-based data augmentation method can effectively reduce the dependence of intelligent diagnosis on labeled data, and has broad application prospects.

zh-cn	提出了一种基于偏差的纯追踪双舵轮停车自动导引车(AGV)的全向运动轨迹跟踪算法。
en-us	An omnidirectional motion path tracking method based on deviation-based pure pursuit for dual steering wheel parking automated guided vehicle(AGV) is proposed.

zh-cn	本文对全向双舵轮停车AGV进行了运动模型建模，设计了适合双舵轮全向驱动的运动控制方式。
en-us	The motion model of the omnidirectional dual steering wheel parking AGV is modeled, and a motion control method is designed for the dual steering wheel omnidirectional driving.

zh-cn	根据双舵轮停车AGV常规曲线运动与横移曲线运动的特点，提出了基于距离与角度偏差的纯追踪双舵轮停车机器人的全向运动轨迹跟踪。
en-us	According to the characteristics of the conventional curve motion and the lateral curve motion of dual steering wheel parking AGV, an omnidirectional motion path tracking of AGV using pure pursuit based on distance and angle deviation is proposed.

zh-cn	本文使用了Python对双舵轮停车机器人的运动控制与轨迹跟踪进行了数学建模并仿真，验证了设计方法的可行性。
en-us	Python is used to mathematically model and simulate the motion control and trajectory tracking of the dual steering wheel AGV, and the feasibility of the design method is verified.

zh-cn	通过实验验证了基于偏差的纯追踪与纯追踪算法的控制比较，
en-us	The control comparison of deviation-based pure pursuit method and pure pursuit method is carried out through experiments.

zh-cn	实验结果表明所提出的双舵轮全向轨迹跟踪具有良好的控制性能。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed dual steering wheel omnidirectional path tracking has good control performance.

zh-cn	针对球形机器人动力学模型不准确、参数不确定的问题，设计了一种基于李雅普诺夫(Lyapunov)方法的模型参考自适应控制(MRAC)算法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of an inaccurate dynamic model of the spherical robot and uncertain parameters, a model reference adaptive control(MRAC) algorithm based on the Lyapunov method is designed.

zh-cn	首先，搭建了基于全向轮驱动的球形机器人实验平台，并利用拉格朗日方程进行动力学建模。
en-us	First, a spherical robot experimental platform based on an omnidirectional wheel drive is built, and the Lagrangian equation is used for dynamic modeling.

zh-cn	然后，为解决球形机器人运动过程中参数易受干扰的问题，采用MRAC进行运动控制，其中自适应控制率利用李雅普诺夫方法进行设计。
en-us	Then, to solve the problem that the parameters of the spherical robot are easily disturbed during the movement of the spherical robot, MRAC is used for motion control, and the adaptive control rate is designed by using the Lyapunov method.

zh-cn	最后，通过在线仿真和实测实验，结果表明MRAC具有良好的控制效果，在运动参数受到干扰时仍有较好的控制能力。
en-us	Finally, online simulation and actual measurement experiments results show that MRAC has a good control effect and still has good control ability when the motion parameters are disturbed.

zh-cn	步进电机作为2D伺服阀电-机械转换器，在传统工作方式下存在分辨率和响应速度之间的矛盾且容易受扰动影响，
en-us	As an electro-mechanical converter of 2 D servo valve, stepper motor has the contradiction between resolution and response and is easily affected by disturbance speed under the traditional working mode,

zh-cn	新型控制器参数人工整定费时费力且难以取得满意的控制效果。
en-us	the parameter setting manually of the new controller is laborious, and it is difficult to obtain satisfactory control effect.

zh-cn	为了解决这些问题，本文提出了参数实时优化的自抗扰同步跟踪控制算法(AAP)，
en-us	In order to solve these problems, an active disturbance rejection synchronous tracking control algorithm with real-time parameters optimization(AAP) is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	其基于自适应遗传算法(AGA)的自动调节机制，能根据电-机械转换器被控过程的输出特性，在线校正和整定控制器参数;
en-us	Because of its automatic adjustment mechanism based on adaptive genetic algorithm(AGA), the controller parameters can be adjusted online according to the output characteristics of the controlled process of the electro-mechanical converter;

zh-cn	自抗扰位置控制器能有效抑制来自电-机械转换器内部电感、摩擦力，外部负载以及2D伺服阀工作的系统压力突变带来的各种干扰;
en-us	active disturbance rejection control( ADRC) position controller can effectively suppress all kinds of disturbances caused by inductance, friction force, external load and system pressure mutation of 2 D servo valve;

zh-cn	同步跟踪控制实现了电-机械转换器转子在任意位置快速、精确的定位，成功解决分辨率和响应速度之间的矛盾。
en-us	the synchronous tracking control realizes the fast and accurate positioning of the rotor of the electro-mechanical converter at any position, and successfully solves the contradiction between resolution and response speed.

zh-cn	本文首先阐述电-机械转换器同步跟踪控制原理并建立了数学模型，
en-us	Firstly, the principle of synchronous tracking control of electro-mechanical converter is described and the mathematical model is established.

zh-cn	然后介绍了AAP、自抗扰位置控制器设计及参数优化思路，
en-us	Then, AAP, ADRC position controller design and parameter optimization are introduced.

zh-cn	最后为了检验方法的有效性并测试控制效果，用Matlab/Simulink对比例积分微分(PID)和AAP控制下的电-机械转换器仿真并对比分析，搭建了电-机械转换器和2D伺服阀测试平台。
en-us	Finally, in order to test the effectiveness of the method and test the control effect, the electro-mechanical converter controlled by proportion integration differentiation(PID) and AAP is simulated and analyzed by Matlab/Simulink, and the test platform of electro-mechanical converter and 2 D servo valve are built.

zh-cn	实验测得AAP控制的电-机械转换器上升时间为4.4 ms，对应-3 dB、-90°处的频宽约为240 Hz，控制的2D伺服阀上升时间为6.9 ms，对应-3 dB、-90°处的频宽约为105 Hz，
en-us	The experimental results show that the rise time of the electro-mechanical converter controlled by AAP algorithm is 4. 4 ms and the bandwidth corresponding to-3 d B, -90 ° is 240 Hz, the rise time of 2 D servo valve controlled by AAP is 6. 9 ms and the bandwidth corresponding to-3 d B, -90 ° is 105 Hz.

zh-cn	相较于传统PID算法控制，具有更好的动态性能、频率特性及鲁棒性。
en-us	Compared with the traditional PID algorithm control, it has better dynamic performance, frequency characteristics and robustness.

zh-cn	针对航运企业所租赁的集装箱还箱问题，为减小还箱成本，基于租箱返还的船舶调度优化问题进行了研究。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of returning containers leased by shipping companies, to reduce the cost of return, a ship scheduling optimization problem based on lease container return is studied.

zh-cn	考虑了航运企业各港口的货量及航线网络分布等约束，重点兼顾了租箱还箱期限的限制，
en-us	Considering the constraints of the shipping companies' cargo volumes in different ports and route network distribution, the restriction of the time limit for returning the lease containers is focused on.

zh-cn	设计了返还租箱的运输优化方案及各集装箱船舶调度的优化方案，
en-us	The transportation optimization plan for the return of the rented containers and the optimization plan for the dispatch of each container ship are designed,

zh-cn	构建了以成本最低为目标的混合整数模型，
en-us	then a mixed-integer model is built to minimize the cost,

zh-cn	设计了启发式算法与混合整数规划方法集成(MIP)进行求解。
en-us	and a heuristic algorithm integrated with the mixed-integer programming(MIP) method is designed to solve the model.

zh-cn	通过算例实验，将求得的解分别与CPLEX、量子差分进化算法、蚁群算法、元遗传算法相比较，从而验证了本文算法的科学性，
en-us	The experimental results are compared with CPLEX, quantum differential evolution algorithm, ant colony algorithm, and meta-genetic algorithm, respectively, to verify the validity of the algorithm.

zh-cn	并分析了待还租箱的数量、空箱超期费以及待还租箱利用率的波动对还箱成本的影响，
en-us	The impact of the number of containers to be returned, the overdue fee for empty containers, and the fluctuation of the utilization rate of the containers to be returned on the cost of container return is also analyzed,

zh-cn	可为航运企业的集装箱调度提供参考。
en-us	which can provide a reference for shipping companies' container dispatch.

zh-cn	内存地址翻译一直是影响计算机性能的重要因素之一，在虚拟化环境中由于存在多级地址翻译，这一问题更为突出。
en-us	Memory address translation has always been one of the important factors affecting computer performance. This problem is even more prominent due to multiple address translations in a virtualized environment.

zh-cn	使用透明大页(THP)是优化这一问题的常见手段。
en-us	Using transparent huge pages(THP) is a common method to optimize this problem.

zh-cn	本文以龙芯3A4000处理器和KVM虚拟机为实验平台，分析了MIPS VZ环境中虚拟机使用透明大页的性能。
en-us	This article uses the Loongson 3 A4000 processor and its KVM virtual machine as an experimental platform to analyze the performance of the virtual machine using transparent huge pages in the MIPS VZ environment.

zh-cn	发现透明大页在应用中存在分组TLB负载不均衡，使得部分场景中透明大页对性能产生了负面影响。
en-us	It is found that transparent huge pages have unbalanced packet TLB load in some applications, which has a negative impact on performance in some scenarios.

zh-cn	本文对现有KVM内存管理进行了改进。
en-us	This article modifies the KVM memory management.

zh-cn	通过在内存管理中增加对分组TLB负载的考量，提升了KVM虚拟机使用透明大页的性能。
en-us	By increasing the consideration of packet TLB load in memory management, the performance of KVM virtual machines using transparent huge pages is improved.

zh-cn	该方法对其他使用TLB分组结构的处理器也有参考价值。
en-us	This method also provides reference for other processors that use different TLBs packet structure.

zh-cn	选取72个国家创新型城市作为研究对象，依据城市的经济发展能力和创新能力将样本划分为4个象限，形成包含全样本和4个象限在内的5个样本组。
en-us	In this paper 72 national innovative cities are selected as the research samples. The samples are divided into four quadrants according to the cities' economic development ability and innovation ability, forming five sample groups including full sample and four quadrants.

zh-cn	对各样本组2019年的科技创新政策进行文本挖掘，主要包括高频词、语义网络图、点度中心度、网络中心势和小团体分析。
en-us	The text mining of science and technology innovation policies in 2019 is carried out, mainly including high frequency words, semantic network graph, point degree centrality, network centrality potential, and small group analysis.

zh-cn	研究结果表明，我国国家创新型城市科技创新政策的重点突出，主要依托项目和企业开展研发活动，以实现科技和技术的创新，
en-us	The result shows that the key points of the science and technology innovation policies of national innovative cities in Chinese are prominent, which mainly rely on projects and enterprises to carry out R&D activities in order to realize the innovation of science and technology.

zh-cn	同时需要重视多渠道激励创新绩效的提升。
en-us	At the same time, it's necessary to pay attention to multi-channel method to improve the innovation performance.

zh-cn	本研究为政策优化与政策决策提供了参考和依据。
en-us	This research provides the reference and basis for policy optimization and decision-making.

zh-cn	神经网络模型结构作为深度学习的重要组成部分，在很大程度上决定着深度学习的性能表现。
en-us	As an important part of deep learning, the structure of neural network model determines the performance of deep learning to a large extent.

zh-cn	而目前基于深度学习的应用，大部分都由经典的网络模型修改而来。
en-us	At present, most applications based on deep learning are modified from classic network models.

zh-cn	由于无法获得原神经网络模型结构，本文根据原模型的输入输出数据以及经典的神经网络模型结构，构建了原模型的预测模型。
en-us	Since the structure of original neural network model cannot be obtained, this paper constructs a prediction model of the original model based on the input and output data of the original model and the classic structure of neural network model.

zh-cn	该方法主要通过对预测模型的结构参数进行编码，并利用遗传算法(GA)进行选择、交叉、变异操作，从而构建出原模型的等价模型。
en-us	This method mainly encodes the structural parameters of the prediction model, and uses genetic algorithm(GA) to perform selection, crossover, and mutation operations to construct an equivalent model of the original model.

zh-cn	对于同一输入数据，等价模型和原模型的输出基本保持一致。
en-us	For the same input data, the output of the equivalent model and the original model are basically the same.

zh-cn	本文提出的构建方法在图像分类、信号调制类型分类和网络链路预测领域均取得了较好的效果。
en-us	The construction method proposed in this paper has achieved good results in the fields of image classification, signal modulation type classification and network link prediction.

zh-cn	目前新冠肺炎(COVID-19)在全球蔓延，为了对新冠肺炎进行早期诊断，同时减轻医护人员的工作压力，使用深度学习对患者胸部电子计算机断层扫描(CT)图像进行分析变得越来越重要。
en-us	The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has spread worldwide. To early diagnose COVID-19 and reduce the pressure of medical staff, using deep learning methods to analyze chest computed tomography(CT) images of patients becomes more and more important.

zh-cn	针对肺炎图像中纹理细节较为丰富、边缘结构模糊、极易干扰机器及医生诊断的问题，本文提出一种基于多尺度并行深度可拆分卷积神经网络(MSP-ReCNN)，对新冠肺炎CT图像进行去噪处理，提升肺炎图像质量。
en-us	The images of pneumonia have rich texture details and fuzzy edge structure, which are easy to interfere with the diagnosis of machine and doctor. COVID-19 CT images denoising method based on multi-scale parallel deep split convolution neural network(MSP-ReCNN) is proposed in this paper to enhance the quality of pneumonia images.

zh-cn	多尺度特征提取模块从不同尺度提取肺炎图像中的纹理特征细节，采用深浅通道并行方式，分别提取肺炎图像中的高维度以及低维度的特征。
en-us	Multi scale feature extraction module can extract the details of texture features in pneumonia images from different scales. The parallel method of deep and shallow channels are utilized to extract the high-dimensional and low-dimensional features of pneumonia images.

zh-cn	为进一步优化网络模型，提出一种拆分卷积方式，可将特征图拆分为两类，一类为主要关注特征，另一类为次要关注特征。
en-us	To further optimize the network model, the split convolution method is proposed. The feature graph can be divided into two categories, one is the primary concern feature, the other is the secondary concern feature.

zh-cn	使用复杂度高的计算方式从主要关注特征中提取关键信息，对于次要关注特征，则采取复杂度低的计算方式提取补偿信息。
en-us	High complexity computing method is used to extract the core information from the primary concern features, and the low complexity calculation method is used to extract the compensation information for others.

zh-cn	通过与非局部均值(NLM)去噪算法、收缩卷积神经网络(SCNN)深度模型、去噪卷积神经网络(Dn CNN)深度模型对比，以及网络消融实验，可以看出本文提出的模型能有效去除肺炎图像中的噪声，并且可以更好地保留原始图像中的纹理结构细节，为机器以及医生提供更可靠的辅助诊断。
en-us	Compared with non-local mean( NLM) denoising algorithm, shrinkage convdutional neural network(SCNN) model, denosing convolutional neural network(DnCNN) model, and through network ablation experiments, it can be drawn that the proposed model can effectively remove the noise in COVID-19 CT images, and can retain the texture structure details of the original image, as well as provide more reliable auxiliary diagnosis for machines and doctors.

zh-cn	基于兴趣点(POI)，采用图论中判定节点重要度的方法，根据节点在路网中的基本信息，建立一种判定节点重要度的通用节点重要度(GNI)算法。
en-us	Based on point of interest(POI) and adopting the method of determining the importance of nodes in graph theory, a general node importance(GNI) algorithm for determining the importance of nodes is established according to the basic information of the nodes in the road network.

zh-cn	针对不同场所出租车需求量不同的问题，建立了一种不同模式下的出租车按需分配呼叫模型。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of the different demand for taxis in different places, an on-demand taxi call model with different modes is established.

zh-cn	以GNI算法为基础，获得基于POI的专用节点重要度(DNI)算法。
en-us	Based on the GNI algorithm, a dedicated node importance(DNI) algorithm based on POI is obtained.

zh-cn	采用杠杆原理，同时类比多边形获取“重心”的方法，分析DNI算法下节点重要度排名结果，获得出租车最佳停靠位置，通过实验验证了该DNI算法的实用性及有效性。
en-us	Using the principle of leverage and making an analogy with the method of obtaining the ‘center of gravity' for polygons, the ranking results of node importance under the DNI algorithm are analyzed to obtain the best taxi parking stand, and the practicality and effectiveness of the DNI algorithm are verified through experiments.

zh-cn	科研主题识别和演化分析是了解科研领域发展现状和趋势的重要手段。
en-us	Identification and analysis of the evolution state of scientific research topics are important means to understand the current situation and trend of research topics.

zh-cn	近年来，基于复杂网络和网络演化计量的社区发现算法成为揭示科研主题演化的主要方法，有必要深入探讨该类算法在主题识别和演化分析中的优点与不足。
en-us	In recent years, community discovery algorithm based on complex networks and network evolution metrics has become one of the main methods to reveal scientific research topics. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms in topic discovery and evolution research.

zh-cn	本文选取植物油菜素甾醇领域，构建了关键词共现网络，对比了Newman MM、Ball Overlapping和Blondel这3种典型社区发现算法的科研主题识别和演化追踪结果，
en-us	Brassinosteroids hormone research area is selected as an example, the keyword co-occurrence network in this field is constructed, and the performances of three typical community discovery algorithms(Newman MM, Ball Overlapping and Blondel) in scientific research topic recognition are compared;

zh-cn	并结合专家知识对3种算法效果进行分析。
en-us	the accuracy of the detection of research topic and the evolutionary analysis results is judged by expert knowledge.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，Blondel算法在科研主题的识别和演化追踪研究中运算速度最快，识别的主题更为准确，能够较好反映领域主题演化。
en-us	The results show that the Blondel algorithm has great advantages in the identification and evolution tracking of scientific research topics. It has not only the fastest speed of operation, but also the more accurate topic recognition.

zh-cn	该研究从算法适用性角度为科研主题演化追踪研究提供了参考。
en-us	It provides a reference for the evolution tracking of scientific research topics from the perspective of algorithm applicability.

zh-cn	无线传感器网络(WSN)中高精度目标跟踪时的传感器能量管理为当前的研究热点。
en-us	In wireless sensor networks(WSN), the energy management of sensors for high-precision target tracking is a hot topic.

zh-cn	针对节省能量和能耗均衡问题，提出一种基于能耗约束的传感器选择算法。
en-us	Aiming at the balance of energy saving and energy consumption, this paper proposes a sensor selection algorithm based on energy consumption constraint.

zh-cn	算法实现以扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)增益矩阵及传感器量测能耗矩阵为待优化变量，
en-us	In proposed algorithm, the sum of the trace of the covariance matrix and the energy consumption function of the sensor measurement matrix is taken as the objective function,

zh-cn	以估计协方差矩阵的迹与传感器量测能耗函数的和为目标函数，
en-us	the estimated covariance matrix of extended Kalman filter(EKF) and the energy consumption matrix measured by sensors are taken as the variables to be optimized,

zh-cn	结合传感器节点能耗阈值约束，
en-us	energy consumption constraint of sensor nodes is introduced to balance energy of WSN,

zh-cn	通过凸优化方法求解。
en-us	the convex optimization method is used to solve the problem.

zh-cn	理论推导与仿真实验结果表明，在保证估计精度条件下，本文算法可以有效节省网络能量，实现网络能量均衡。
en-us	The theoretical derivation and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively save network energy and achieve network energy balance under the condition of ensuring the estimation accuracy.

zh-cn	针对于水声信号采集潜标系统的低功耗、长时间、多样化任务控制等需求，设计了一种基于双ARM的潜标控制系统。
en-us	Concerning the requirements of low power consumption, long working time, diversified mission control for underwater acoustics signal acquisition system based on submersible buoy, a dual-ARM-based control system of the submersible buoy is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，进行潜标系统构架、工作原理和工作模式的设计与分析。
en-us	First, the system architecture, working principle and working mode of the submersible buoy are designed and analyzed.

zh-cn	然后，提出一种基于双ARM架构的潜标控制系统硬件设计方案。
en-us	Then, a hardware design of the submersible buoy control system based on dual ARM is proposed.

zh-cn	接着，重点对控制系统的多工作模式与任务管理、信号采集与数据存储、电源管理、状态监测等功能模块软件进行了详细描述。
en-us	Moreover, the software workflow of the function modules about multi-working mode and task management, signal acquisition and data storage, power management, and status monitoring are introduced in detail.

zh-cn	针对城市道路连续交叉口控制效益较低的问题，提出一种基于动态自适应混沌粒子群优化算法(DACPSOA)的干线协调控制方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of arterial coordinated control of urban road intersections, a method for arterial coordinated control based on dynamic self-adaptive chaotic particle swarm optimization algorithm(DACPSOA) is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，通过分析上下游断面交通需求的相关性，考虑交叉口信号配时、车辆转出、车队离散等因素，在Robertson离散模型的基础上，提出了基于上游交叉口信号配时参数的车流到达率预测。
en-us	First, by analyzing the correlation between the traffic demands at upstream and downstream section, a method for calculating the vehicle arrival rate based on the signal control parameters of the upstream intersection is proposed, which is based on Robertson's dispersion model and takes into account some contributing factors, such as signal control parameters, turning vehicles and platoon dispersion, etc.

zh-cn	在此基础上，根据车队头车、尾车到达时间与协调相位的绿灯开启时间、结束时间以及非协调相位(左转、右转)车流释放结束时间的关系，建立干线交通双向绿波控制总延误模型;
en-us	Second, based on the vehicle arrival rate, according to the relationship between the arrival time of the head vehicle and the tail vehicle of the fleet, the green starting and ending time of coordinated phase, and the end time of the non-coordinated phase(left turn, right turn) traffic flow release, the total delay model of bidirectional green wave for coordinated control is established.

zh-cn	其次，根据总延误模型的特征，设计了一种动态自适应混沌粒子群优化算法;
en-us	Third, based on the characteristics of delay model, a dynamic self-adaptive chaotic particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed.

zh-cn	最后，利用微观仿真软件SUMO建立典型的交通环境，
en-us	Last, a typical traffic environment is established by using the micro-simulating software SUMO.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与传统的数解法和单点控制相比，协调相位的平均延误分别降低了24. 97%和57. 23%，
en-us	Simulation results show that, compared with the traditional numerical solution and the single point control, the average delay of coordinated phase is reduced by 24. 97% and 57. 23%,

zh-cn	协调相位的平均停车次数分别降低了27. 88%和64. 01%，有效提高了交叉口的通行效率。
en-us	and the average stop times of coordinated phase are reduced 27. 88% and 64. 01%, respectively, which effectively improves the traffic efficiency of the intersection.

zh-cn	针对多维系统的实现问题，本文对多输入多输出(MIMO)线性系统的FornasiniMarchesini II(F-M II)状态空间模型进行了研究。
en-us	For the realization of multi-dimensional systems, the Fornasini-Marchesini II(F-M II) state space model of multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) linear systems is studied.

zh-cn	在一维系统实现方法的基础上做了进一步的讨论，提出了一种基于F-M II模型的多维系统实现矩阵的求解新方法。
en-us	On the basis of the one-dimensional system realization method, a new multi-dimensional system realization matrix solution method based on F-M II model is proposed.

zh-cn	与规范的实现矩阵求解方法相比，新方法通过在传递函数特征多项式的图结构中添加两种类型的顶点，能够得到F-M II状态空间模型的一组完整的实现矩阵，而不是只有一个实现，
en-us	Compared with the canonical form method, the proposed algorithm adds two types of vertices to the digraph of characteristic polynomials, a group of realization matrices of the F-M II state space model can be obtained instead of only one realization.

zh-cn	且获得实现矩阵的阶次更低，避免了复杂的矩阵计算过程，
en-us	And the order of the realization matrix is relatively low, avoiding the complicated matrix calculation process.

zh-cn	使得系统表现形式更加清晰直观，有利于多维系统的设计和分析。
en-us	The new method makes the system expression more clear and intuitive, and facilitates the design and analysis of multi-dimensional systems.

zh-cn	对所提出的方法，本文给出了具体的数例说明其可行性。
en-us	For the proposed method, specific examples are given to illustrate its feasibility.

zh-cn	当液位控制系统中加入流量扰动后，经典控制理论中的前馈控制是使前馈环节与闭环系统的传递函数之积为1、使输出完全复现输入。
en-us	When the flow disturbance is added to the liquid level control system, the feedforward control in the classical control theory is to make the product of the feedforward link and the transfer function of the closed-loop system be1, so that the output can fully reproduce the input.

zh-cn	由于控制系统内部各环节间存在非线性，以及对建模精度要求较高，在工程上难以实现。
en-us	Because of the nonlinearity in the control system and the high requirement of modeling accuracy, it is difficult to realize the feedforward control in engineering.

zh-cn	本文基于液位控制系统，提出利用实际工况参数，调节阀阀位、管路中流量与水箱液位来确定前馈补偿系数。
en-us	Based on the liquid level control system, this paper proposes to determine the feed-forward compensation coefficient by using actual working condition parameters, regulating valve position, flow rate in pipeline and liquid level of water tank.

zh-cn	其中调节阀阀位与管路中流量大小由调节阀的流量特性曲线所决定。
en-us	The control valve position and the flow in the pipeline are determined by the flow characteristic curve of the control valve.

zh-cn	在实际生产中，阀位与流量之间存在非线性关系，从而导致不同液位、不同干扰大小下的前馈补偿系数不一致，
en-us	In actual production, there is a non-linear relationship between valve position and flow rate, which leads to the inconsistency of feed-forward compensation coefficient under different liquid level and different interference.

zh-cn	即在某工况下计算的前馈补偿系数并不能适用于其他工况。
en-us	That is, the feedforward compensation coefficient calculated under certain working conditions cannot be applied to other working conditions.

zh-cn	为此，本文进一步提出一种补偿阀位非线性的方法，改变阀的流量特性曲线，使阀位与流量呈线性关系。
en-us	Therefore, this paper further proposes a method to compensate the nonlinearity of the valve position, changing the flow characteristic curve of the valve, and make the relationship between the valve position and flow be linear.

zh-cn	该方法使不同液位、不同干扰下的前馈补偿系数固定不变。
en-us	This method makes the feedforward compensation coefficient fixed under different liquid level and different interference.

zh-cn	通过仿真与实验验证了该方法的有效性。
en-us	The effectiveness of the method is verified by simulation and experiment.

zh-cn	同面阵列电极主要基于边缘电场工作使其敏感场分布呈现软场特性，其传感能力易受外部多因素影响而降低。
en-us	Coplanar array electrodes work mainly based on fringe electric field to make the sensitive field distribution exhibit soft field characteristics, and their sensing capability is easily affected by external factors.

zh-cn	为了提高同面电容传感器的检测能力和检测效率，本文针对3×4同面阵列电极，提出了一种两极板联合循环激励的测量模式。
en-us	In order to improve the detection capability and detection efficiency of the coplanar capacitive sensor, this paper proposes a two-electrode plate combined cycle excitation measurement mode for 3 × 4 coplanar array electrodes.

zh-cn	通过对同面电极电势分布的有限元仿真，分析了该激励模式下的电场穿透深度。
en-us	Through the finite element simulation of the potential distribution of the coplanar array electrodes, the electric field penetration depth in this excitation mode is analyzed.

zh-cn	求解了阵列电极的灵敏度矩阵，根据其数据离散系数评判敏感场的均匀性。
en-us	The sensitivity matrix of the array electrode is solved, and the uniformity of the sensitive field is judged according to its data dispersion coefficient.

zh-cn	通过建立3种不同被测物场的模型，分别分析其电容数据的动态范围，并进行图像重建，采用图像相关系数比较图像质量的提升效果。
en-us	By establishing models of three different measured object fields, the dynamic range of their capacitance data is analyzed, and image reconstruction is performed. The image correlation coefficient is used to compare the improvement effect of image quality.

zh-cn	结果表明，在联合循环电极激励测量模式下，阵列电极穿透深度和敏感场分布均匀性均好于单电极激励模式，
en-us	The results show that in the combined cycle electrode excitation measurement mode, the penetration depth of the array electrode and the uniformity of the sensitive field distribution are better than that in the single electrode excitation mode,

zh-cn	重建图像更清晰地反映了待测物体的实际形态和轮廓，
en-us	and the reconstructed image more clearly reflects the actual shape and contour.

zh-cn	综合验证了阵列电极传感能力得以提高。
en-us	They comprehensively verify that the combined cycle excitation measurement mode can improve the sensing ability of the array electrode.

zh-cn	水下等离子体技术已经在诸多领域得到广泛应用，由于其高压脉冲放电的瞬时性和不易观测性，对于该技术电声转换的研究尚未有成熟的理论模型。
en-us	Underwater plasma technology has been widely used in many fields, but there is no mature theoretical model for the research of electro-acoustic conversion because of the instantaneity of high-voltage pulse discharge and the difficulty of observation.

zh-cn	本文结合水下等离子体声源电声转换装置，较全面地分析了充电回路和放电回路的电特性。在此基础上，给出了系统输入能量、电容器储存能量、负载消耗能量和声能量等概念的定义和计算公式，
en-us	Based on the analysis of the electric characteristics of charging circuit and discharging circuit, the definitions and calculation formulas of the concepts of system input energy, energy stored in capacitor, energy consumed by load and acoustic energy are given.

zh-cn	建立了水下等离子体声源电声转换的模型以及系统总效率模型。
en-us	The electro-acoustic conversion model of underwater plasma sound source and the total efficiency model of the system are established,

zh-cn	最后结合实验装置参数，
en-us	and finally combined with the parameters of the experimental device.

zh-cn	对水下等离子体声源的电声转换模型进行了验证性计算。
en-us	The electro-acoustic conversion model of underwater plasma sound source is verified by calculation,

zh-cn	研究结果表明本文的电声转换模型是有效的，
en-us	and the results show that the electro-acoustic conversion model is effective.

zh-cn	本文研究成果可为水下等离子体声源系统充放电回路参数的合理设计提供理论参考。
en-us	The results of this paper can provide guidance for the reasonable design of the parameters of the charging and discharging circuit of the underwater plasma sound source system.

zh-cn	研究了一种基于磁-惯性传感单元(MIMU)的采用无逆Kalman滤波器(IFKF)的姿态估计算法。
en-us	A novel orientation estimation approach with inverse free Kalman filter(IFKF) is proposed by using magnetic/inertial measurement unit(MIMU).

zh-cn	该方法将运动分为稳定和运动两种状态。
en-us	The approach separates the motion into two states, including static state and dynamic state.

zh-cn	针对稳定状态，该算法使用了稳态策略。
en-us	A static strategy is presented for orientation estimation in the static state.

zh-cn	这种状态下，估计器利用之前时刻的估计值和预测协方差，从而达到既降低运算量，又有效缓解磁场变化带来的姿态偏移和陀螺仪数值积分漂移的目的。
en-us	In this state, the estimator utilizes the previous estimate and predicts the covariance, which reduces the computation time and overcomes the magnetic disturbance as well as the integration drift.

zh-cn	另一方面，在动态策略中，严重干扰拒绝方法(SDR)被用于缓解瞬时干扰。
en-us	On the other hand, in the dynamic state, a severe disturbance rejection method(SDR) is employed to alleviate the negative effects of temporary disturbance.

zh-cn	同时，无逆Kalman滤波器被用于融合磁-惯性传感单元的数据，有效避免矩阵的求逆运算，由此减轻计算负担。
en-us	Meanwhile, the IFKF is capitalized to improve estimation efficiency by replacing the exact inverse of the innovation covariance matrix with an approximate inverse.

zh-cn	实验结果证明，所提出的方法在有效减少计算时间的同时维持了较高的姿态估计精度。
en-us	Experiments on a body tracking system are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

zh-cn	遥感图像超分辨增加了遥感图像的细节信息，在遥感图像处理中有重要的地位。
en-us	Remote sensing image super-resolution improves the detail information of remote sensing image, which is of great significance in remote sensing image processing.

zh-cn	为了进一步提高遥感图像超分辨的重建效果，本文提出一种改进的密集连接网络遥感图像超分辨重建算法。
en-us	In order to further improve the super-resolution reconstructed effect of remote sensing image, an improved remote sensing image super-resolution algorithm based on densely connected network is proposed.

zh-cn	首先对基于残差网络的深度超分辨算法(VDSR)进行改进，
en-us	First, the very deep super-resolution algorithm(VDSR) based on residual network is improved.

zh-cn	结合密集连接网络(DenseNet)，将残差网络中的残差块替换成密集块，
en-us	Combined with densely connected network(DenseNet), the residual blocks in the residual network are replaced by densely blocks,

zh-cn	并且添加一组密集层与瓶颈层，实现DenseNet网络结构的改进，
en-us	and a group of densely layers and bottleneck layers are added to improve the DenseNet network structure.

zh-cn	同时，修改网络激活函数为PReLU函数，网络训练采用L1损失函数。
en-us	Second, the activation function is modified to PReLU function, and the L1 loss function is adopted in training.

zh-cn	为了使网络在遥感图像上具有更好的效果，训练网络时，数据集全部采用遥感图像作为训练样本。
en-us	In order to make the super-resolution network have better effect on remote sensing images, remote sensing images are used as the training data set in training.

zh-cn	当训练的epoch达到了大约35次时网络已经收敛。
en-us	The network converges when the epoch reaches about 35 times.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与VDSR算法相比，本文改进的算法对遥感图像的效果更优，峰值信噪比(PSNR)平均增加了1. 05 dB，结构相似度(SSIM)平均增加了0. 042。
en-us	Finally, the experimental results show that the effect of the improved algorithm is better than the0. 042 on average.

zh-cn	为了在保证云用户响应性能的前提下降低云系统的能源消耗，提出一种移动设备本地处理器持续工作、云端物理机内虚拟机同步休眠、不同物理机间虚拟机异步休眠的任务调度策略。
en-us	To reduce the energy consumption of the cloud system under the premise of ensuring the response performance of the cloud users, a task scheduling strategy is proposed. In the proposed strategy, the local processor of the mobile device continues to work, the virtual machines in a physical machine sleep synchronously, and the virtual machines in different physical machine sleep asynchronously.

zh-cn	针对云端异构物理机，建立多个同步多重休假的排队模型。
en-us	For the heterogeneous physical machines in cloud computing, a queueing model with a synchronous multiple vacation is established.

zh-cn	利用拟生灭过程和矩阵几何解方法给出系统模型的稳态分布，导出任务平均响应时间和系统平均功率的表达式。
en-us	By using the quasi birth-death process and the matrix geometric solution, the steady-state distribution of the queueing model is given, and the expressions of the average response time of the tasks and the average power of the system are derived.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，设置任务分配到移动设备本地的概率时，不同性能指标之间存在折衷关系。
en-us	The experimental results show that there is a trade-off between different performance measures when setting the assigning probability of the tasks to the local processor.

zh-cn	引入Logistic映射混沌机制改进传统的鲸鱼优化算法，给出最优任务分配策略，实现系统成本的最小化。
en-us	The traditional whale optimization algorithm is improved by introducing Logistic mapping chaos mechanism. The task scheduling strategy is optimized with the minimum system cost.

zh-cn	技术、产业的跨界与融合已成为新趋势，
en-us	The cross-border and convergence of technology and industry has become a new trend.

zh-cn	区块链技术的分布式数据治理架构为多技术深度联合赋能产业发展提供了新思路，把握区块链产业技术融合结构和发展态势，
en-us	The distributed data governance architecture of blockchain technology provides a new idea for multi-technology deep joint to empower industry development, and grasps the technology convergence structure and development trend of blockchain industry.

zh-cn	识别技术发展机会显得尤为重要。
en-us	It is particularly important to identify opportunities for technological development.

zh-cn	本文基于专利数据分析，结合ISI-OST-INPI分类体系，从技术融合的结构、共现矩阵、关联度、动态演化趋势4个层次和角度，探析全球区块链技术的融合态势。
en-us	Based on patent data analysis and combined with the ISI-OST-INPI classification system, this article explores the global blockchain technology convergence situation from four levels and perspectives: the structure of technology convergence, co-occurrence matrix, correlation, and dynamic evolution trend.

zh-cn	研究发现: (1)区块链核心技术主要是电气工程部门的信息技术管理办法、计算机技术、数字通信这3大技术，融合集中度较高;
en-us	The study finds that:(1) The core technology of blockchain is three major technologies of information technology management methods, computer technology, and digital communication in the electrical engineering department, with a high degree of convergence and concentration;

zh-cn	(2)三大核心技术与其他技术融合态势更为明显;
en-us	(2) It is obvious that three core technologies have more convergence with other technologies;

zh-cn	(3)技术融合指数维持在较低的水平，区块链技术之间的融合呈现分布不均衡的特征。
en-us	(3) The technology convergence index is maintained at a low level, and the convergence between blockchain technologies presents an unbalanced distribution feature.

zh-cn	针对吊车制动器故障诊断中故障机理复杂、先验知识欠缺、传统的故障诊断方法精度不高和人工依赖大等问题，本文提出一种基于深度置信网络(DBN)的制动器故障诊断方法。
en-us	In order to solve the problems of complex fault mechanism, lack of prior knowledge, low precision and artificial dependence of traditional brake fault diagnosis methods, a fault diagnosis method based on deep belief network(DBN) is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法通过柔性薄膜传感器阵列获取制动器不同工况的实时特征数据及信号，
en-us	In this method, the real-time characteristic data and signals of brake under different working conditions are obtained by flexible thin film sensor array,

zh-cn	利用网络的无监督特征学习和有监督微调，构建制动器故障诊断的深层网络模型，
en-us	and the deep network model of brake fault is constructed by using unsupervised feature learning and supervised fine-tuning of training network,

zh-cn	从而实现了对制动器的故障诊断及预测。
en-us	so as to realize the fault diagnosis and prediction of the brake.

zh-cn	最后，分别与支持向量机(SVM)和遗传算法(GA)优化的BP神经网络(GA-BP)进行了对比研究，通过实验证明了本文方法的优越性。
en-us	Finally, the diagnosis results are compared with those of support vector machine(SVM) and BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm(GA), which proved the superiority of this method by experiments.

zh-cn	为了减小全向移动机器人在运行中所产生的稳态误差，提出了一种具有积分作用的模型预测控制方法，即积分模型预测控制(IMPC)。
en-us	In order to reduce the steady-state errors caused by an omnidirectional mobile robot during movement, a model predictive control method with integral function is proposed, which is called integral model predictive control(IMPC).

zh-cn	积分模型预测控制不仅能够保留模型预测控制中预测和优化的功能，并且可以抑制系统稳态误差，从而使控制器具有更好的鲁棒性和跟踪能力。
en-us	Integral model predictive control not only preserves the predictive and optimization features of model predictive control, but also suppresses the steady-state error of the system, so that the controller has better robustness and tracking ability.

zh-cn	为了验证积分模型预测控制的先进性，将积分模型预测控制器与传统模型预测控制器进行性能对比，
en-us	In order to verify the advanced nature of the integral model predictive control, the performance of the integral model predictive controller is compared with the traditional model predictive controller.

zh-cn	采用四差速全向移动机器人作为模拟实验模型，测试了2种控制器在3种不同路径下的轨迹跟踪性能。
en-us	The trajectory tracking performance of the two controllers under three different paths is tested using a four-differential omnidirectional moving robot as a simulated experimental model.

zh-cn	测试结果证明，积分模型预测控制器比传统模型预测控制器拥有更好的跟踪性能，验证了所提出方法的有效性和先进性。
en-us	The test results prove that the integral model prediction controller has better tracking performance than the traditional model prediction controller, which validates the effectiveness and sophistication of the proposed method.

zh-cn	针对水冷壁爬壁机器人(WWCB)路径跟踪问题，提出一种快速非线性模型预测控制(NMPC)算法。
en-us	A fast nonlinear model predictive control( NMPC) algorithm is proposed for water wall climbing robot(WWCB) path tracking.

zh-cn	定义WWCB与虚拟目标的跟踪误差，将跟踪问题转化为Bolza形式的NMPC最优控制问题。
en-us	The tracking error between WWCB and virtual target is defined, and the tracking problem is transformed into Bolza form of NMPC optimal control problem.

zh-cn	通过引入半平滑函数，对不等式进行优化处理，构建最优化必要条件。
en-us	The semi-smooth function is introduced to optimize the inequality, and the necessary conditions for optimization are constructed.

zh-cn	基于庞特里亚金极小值原理建立广义哈密顿函数，采用连续/广义极小残量算法(C/GMRES)计算求解，并引入多重打靶法提高运算精度。
en-us	Based on Pontriagin's minimum principle, the generalized Hamiltonian function is established, and continuous/generalized minimum residual algorithm(C/GMRES) is used to calculate the solution, as well as to improve the calculation accuracy, the multiple shooting method is introduced.

zh-cn	同时对GMRES算法残量求取方式进行了优化以提高运行效率。
en-us	At the same time, GMRES algorithm is optimized to improve the operating efficiency.

zh-cn	对伯努利双纽线和圆形路径进行了跟踪仿真，验证了本文的跟踪控制快速算法的有效性。
en-us	The tracking simulation of Bernoulli double-wire and circular path is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed tracking control algorithm.

zh-cn	雷电是电力系统第一事故源，其引发的跳闸断线等事故高发，严重影响供电系统的可靠性和用户用电的稳定性及安全性。
en-us	Lightning is the first accident source of the power system, which causes a high accident rate of tripping and broken line, seriously affecting the reliability of system power supply and user's power stability and safety.

zh-cn	如今输电线路防雷存在着多重雷击、高土壤率地区反击、大峡谷绕击等防护瓶颈，
en-us	Nowadays, there are several bottlenecks in transmission line lightning protection such as multiple lightning stroke, back flashover in high soil resistivity area and shielding failure in canyon.

zh-cn	传统防雷措施在大概率多重雷击防护方面的缺失是导致雷击事故高发的主要原因。
en-us	Particularly, high probability multiple lightning stroke is the main reason causing the high rate and long-term stability of lightning accidents.

zh-cn	气体灭弧防雷方法是一种全新的防雷模式，其工作原理是在绝缘子旁路的雷击过电压形成电弧后快速熄灭电弧，阻止后续工频续流，防雷效果不受雷击类型、强度、方式和部位的影响。
en-us	Technology of gas arc-extinguishing lightning protection is a new lightning protection model, whose working principle is that the arc is extinguished quickly after the lightning strike overvoltage of the insulator bypass forms an arc, which prevents the subsequent power frequency continuation.

zh-cn	实现了对多重雷击、高土壤率地区反击等雷击工况的防护，可有效管控雷击事故率。
en-us	The protecion effect is not affected by lightning strike type, intensity, pattern, and position, which realizes effective control of lightning accident rate.

zh-cn	相信随着后续研究的深入开展，该防雷方法将会在更广阔的领域得到应用和发展。
en-us	It is believed that the lightning protection method will be applied and developed in a wider field with the further research.

zh-cn	针对具有非线性、耦合和约束等复杂特性的循环流化床锅炉(CFBB)燃烧过程，
en-us	Aiming at the combustion process of circulation fluidized bed boiler(CFBB) with complex characteristics such as non-linear, multivariable coupling and constraints,

zh-cn	考虑经济性能指标可变情况下其多目标优化控制问题，提出一种变经济性能多目标经济模型预测控制(MPC)策略。
en-us	considering its multi-objective optimization control problem with changing economic criterion, a multi-objective model predictive control(MPC) strategy with changing economic criterion is proposed.

zh-cn	为了保证经济性能指标发生改变后CFBB燃烧过程在稳态工况下的稳定性和燃烧经济性，首先引入关于最优经济稳态点的正定辅助函数作为最高优先级目标，
en-us	In order to ensure the stability of the CFBB combustion process under steady-state conditions and the economy of combustion after the economic performance criterion changes, the positive definite auxiliary functions at the optimal economic steady-state points are introduced and viewed as the highest priority goal,

zh-cn	其次考虑床温设定值跟踪目标和经济性目标。
en-us	and then the set-points tracking target of the boiler bed temperature and the goal of combustion economy are considered.

zh-cn	进一步，应用广义终端约束、字典序多目标优化和滚动时域控制原理，设计CFBB燃烧过程变经济性能多目标经济预测控制器。
en-us	Furthermore, applying the generalized terminal constraints, lexicographic multi-objective optimization and predictive control principles, a multi-objective model predictive controller with changing economic performance is designed for CFBB system.

zh-cn	最后，通过仿真验证了本文提出策略的可行性和有效性。
en-us	Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy proposed in this paper are verified by simulations.

zh-cn	在无中心Web服务环境中，用户访问服务的历史行为数据由多个服务提供方分散管理，难以形成全局的用户信任度视图，难以根据用户信任度和使用需求实施个性化的访问控制。
en-us	Trust based dynamic access control(TBAC) is one major technique on protecting service providers'(SPs)resources. The personalized access control and the reliability of trust are the central problems of TBAC.

zh-cn	本文提出一种基于智能合约的个性化访问控制方法(SC-PAC)。
en-us	To solve it, this paper proposes a smart contract based personalized access control method(SC-PAC).

zh-cn	通过结合前期的研究成果为SC-PAC提供高质量的用户历史行为数据，实现有可靠数据保障的可信计算服务，
en-us	Combined with the previous work, reliable behavior data of users are provided to ensure a reliable trust evaluation.

zh-cn	通过智能合约中的策略配置及可信度计算模型参数调整，实现服务提供商(SP)对不同用户的个性化的访问控制。
en-us	It introduces a smart contract-based access control procedure, which allows SPs to flexibly set the trust model, parameters, and the access control policies, to provide a customer-level personalized access control.

zh-cn	在实验环节为SC-PAC设计了一个新的信任模型，并对该信任模型及基于SC-PAC方法的访问控制进行了实验设计。
en-us	A new trust model is designed in case study and experiments are designed to test this trust model and the SC-PAC method.

zh-cn	对结果的分析表明，本文提出的SC-PAC方法能够允许SP通过智能合约中的计算信任模型、参数及访问控制策略选择，实现对用户的个性化访问控制，并且依据准确的用户历史行为数据提供更可靠的可信度判断，可以有效保护服务。
en-us	The results of experiments show that the SC-PAC can provide a customer-level personalized access control compared with the traditional work and a more reliable trust evaluation through the accurate behavior data of users.

zh-cn	视触觉增强现实(VHAR)技术可在虚实结合的场景中实现力触觉交互。
en-us	Force-haptic interaction, through visuo-haptic augmented reality(VHAR) technology, could be achieved in scenes combining virtual and real.

zh-cn	本文基于Geomagic Touch触觉设备提出了一种新的视触觉增强现实交互算法，
en-us	This paper, based on the Geomagic Touch haptic device, proposes a new visual and tactile augmented reality interaction algorithm.

zh-cn	以快速特征点提取和描述算法(ORB)与角点光流跟踪算法(KLT)算法搭建基于自然特征的增强现实环境，并以此为框架融入触觉反馈接口，实现视触觉协同反馈的交互环境。
en-us	The ORB and KLT algorithms are used to build an augmented reality environment based on natural features, which is used as a framework to integrate the haptic feedback interface to realize an interactive environment of visuo-haptic collaborative feedback.

zh-cn	该算法首先对真实场景中的触控笔进行虚拟注册，然后基于触觉设备的前向运动模型，实现虚拟触控笔与真实触控笔的6-DOF协同运动;
en-us	The algorithm firstly carries out virtual registration for the stylus in the real scene, and then conducts the 6-DOF coordinated movement between the real and virtual styluses based on the forward motion model of the haptic device;

zh-cn	最后通过虚拟触控笔实现对虚拟物体的操控，实现了更加真实、自然的视触觉人机交互。
en-us	finally, more real and natural visuo-haptic human-computer interaction is achieved in the manipulation of virtual objects by the virtual stylus.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，此方法具有良好的实时性、可行性和准确性。
en-us	Experimental results show that this method is able to achieve good real-time performance, feasibility and accuracy.

zh-cn	在实际勘探中，由于环境、设备或人为因素的影响，采集的地震数据中有很多丢失的数据，严重影响了数据的解释工作。
en-us	In actual exploration, due to the influence of environment, equipment or human factors, there are a lot of missing data in the seismic data collected, which seriously affects the data interpretation work.

zh-cn	针对这一问题，根据地震数据的时空相关性，提出了一种基于时空约束压缩感知的地震数据重建方法。
en-us	Aiming at this problem, according to the space-time correlation of seismic data, a method of seismic data reconstruction based on space-time constrained compressed sensing is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法使用内核奇异值分解(KSVD)字典学习算法训练超完备字典作为稀疏变换基，
en-us	In this method, an over-complete dictionary as a sparse transform basis is trained using kernel singular value decomposition(K-SVD) dictionary learning algorithm.

zh-cn	进而利用改进的稀疏自适应匹配追踪算法(SAMP)完成重建。
en-us	The reconstruction is accomplished using an improved sparsity of adaptive matching pursuit(SAMP).

zh-cn	通过初始稀疏性估计和变步长策略，减少了SAMP中收敛所需的迭代次数。
en-us	By incorporating an initial sparsity estimation step and adopting a variable step size strategy, the number of iterations needed for convergence in SAMP can be significantly reduced.

zh-cn	利用真实的地震数据和微电阻率成像数据进行实验，将所提出的方法与压缩感知重建算法进行了比较，
en-us	Using real seismic data and micro-resistivity imaging data, the proposed novel method is compared with state-of-the-art compressive sensing reconstruction algorithms.

zh-cn	不仅提高了重建数据的准确性，而且缩短了执行时间。
en-us	The experimental results show that the accuracy of the reconstructed data is significantly improved, and the execution time is also reduced.

zh-cn	在实际交通数据收集过程中，采集设备故障、维修等问题均易导致采集到的交通数据存在一定的缺失。
en-us	In the process of actual traffic data collection, problems such as equipment failure and maintenance are likely to cause traffic data missing.

zh-cn	针对交通数据缺失情况下的交通流预测问题，本文提出了一种基于生成式对抗网络的短时交通流预测模型。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of traffic flow prediction with missing data, a short-term traffic flow prediction model based on generative adversarial networks is proposed.

zh-cn	该模型由生成网络和判别网络两部分组成。
en-us	The model is composed of two parts:generating network and discriminating network.

zh-cn	其中，生成网络由全连接层和门控循环单元(GRU)构成，以编码-解码的形式完成对未来交通状态的预测输出;
en-us	The generation network is composed of the fully connected layer and the gated recurrent unit(GRU), which completes the prediction output of the future traffic flow in the form of encoding-decoding;

zh-cn	判别网络由多层全连接层构成，通过Wasserstein距离的计算完成对真假样本的有效判断。
en-us	the discriminant network is composed of multiple fully connected layers, which discriminates the real traffic data and fake data by the compute of Wasserstein distance.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文提出的模型不仅适用于不同比例数据缺失下的短时交通流预测，而且其预测表现优于其他对比模型。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed model is not only suitable for short-term traffic flow prediction with different proportions of data missing, but also has a better prediction performance than other comparative models.

zh-cn	在引入移动边缘计算(MEC)技术的超密集网络(UDN)中，网络性能受无线传输链路质量和基站计算资源部署的共同影响。
en-us	In mobile edge computing(MEC) enhanced ultra dense networks(MEC), inter-cell interference has become one of the key problems as the small eNBs(SeNBs) are densely deployed.

zh-cn	本文以小型基站接收干扰信号的统计特性分析为基础，对UDN与MEC结合场景的上行空间遍历容量进行分析，并根据空间业务强度和小基站计算服务排队系统的稳定性约束关系，进行小基站配置设计。
en-us	Based on the analysis of the statistic characteristics of uplink interference to the SeNB, the spatial ergodic capacity and the deployment of SeNB are discussed.

zh-cn	首先，采用空间泊松点过程对干扰源用户分布进行建模，同时考虑无线信道的多天线与小尺度衰落特性，以小基站部署密度为变量分析上行用户信干比的统计特性及变化规律;
en-us	First, the interfering users are modeled as a spatial Poisson point process(SPPP), and the statistic characteristics of uplink signal to interference ratio(SIR) are analyzed with the consideration of multi-antenna and smallscale fading characteristics of wireless channels.

zh-cn	然后，根据排队论计算空间业务强度与MEC服务器计算能力之间的约束关系;
en-us	Then, the queuing theory is adopted to analyze the constrains between the spatial traffic loads and the transmission and computation capabilities of SeNBs and MEC servers.

zh-cn	最后，采用数值仿真验证了信干比与基站密度关系分析的正确性，得出了空间遍历容量的收敛趋势，
en-us	Numerical results verify the theoretical analysis and show the convergency trends of the spatial ergodic capacity.

zh-cn	并给出了小基站与MEC服务器配置设计的例子。
en-us	The example of the SeNB deployment design is also given by numerical simulations.

zh-cn	在波带交换的基础上加入光码粒度，构成包括光纤、波带、波长、光码粒度的四层多粒度光交叉连接(MG-OXC)结构，
en-us	On the basis of waveband switching, multi-granularity optical cross-connect(MG-OXC) structure adds optical code granularity to constitute four-layer MG-OXC, which includes optical fiber, waveband, wavelength and optical code four types granularity.

zh-cn	并应用码群路由(CGRE)技术使多个波长通道级联，构成波带交换和CGRE共存的混合捆绑体系，
en-us	In addition, the code group routing entity(CGRE) technology is used to cascade multiple wavelength channels to build a hybrid bundling system including waveband switching and CGRE.

zh-cn	提出混合算法以缓解端口数目过多和波长利用率较低的问题，使业务在各个粒度灵活上下路。
en-us	A hybrid algorithm is proposed to ameliorate the problem of too many ports and low wavelength utilization, which could flexibly add and drop off services at various granularities.

zh-cn	将基于通用多协议标签交换(GMPLS)的四层多粒度光交叉连接结构体系作为软件定义网络(SDN)体系中数据转发层的一部分，由软件定义网络控制器进行集中管理，可优化网络结构。
en-us	The four-layer MG-OXC structure system is based on generalized multiprotocol label switching(GMPLS), and it is used as a part of the data forwarding layer in the software defined networking(SDN). The SDN controller has the advantage of centralized management and optimizing network structure.

zh-cn	通过对波长利用率、端口需求数目和系统丢包率3方面的仿真分析，验证了该网络体系的优秀性能。
en-us	By analyzing the wavelength utilization, port number and the system packet loss rate, the performance of the system is verified.

zh-cn	针对“信息孤岛”、采集软件开发难度大和设备维护成本高等问题，本文设计了基于OPC UA协议的工业网关系统。
en-us	In order to solve the problems of ‘information island', difficulty in acquisition software development and high cost of equipment maintenance, the industrial gateway system based on OPC UA protocol is studied in this paper.

zh-cn	该系统基于NET Core框架进行搭建，使用ZooKeeper分布式集群对配置文件进行高效管理，
en-us	The industrial gateway system is built based on NET Core framework. The configuration files are managed efficiently by using distributed cluster of ZooKeeper.

zh-cn	设计了公共驱动接口开发设备驱动，
en-us	The common driver interface is designed to develop device drivers.

zh-cn	通过线程池对不同设备的读写线程进行动态分配，实现同时对不同设备进行数据采集等操作。
en-us	The reader and writer threads of different devices are dynamically allocated through the thread pool, which can realize the data acquisition of different devices at the same time.

zh-cn	首先将工业网关、数控(CNC)机床、可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)和机器人等工业设备通过工业以太网进行连接，远程配置界面动态生成工业网关配置文件，
en-us	Firstly, industrial control equipment such as industrial gateway, computerized numerical control(CNC) lathe, programmable logic controller(PLC) and robot are connected through industrial ethernet, and the industrial gateway configuration file is dynamically generated in the remote configuration interface.

zh-cn	并使用ZooKeeper对配置文件进行分布式集群管理。
en-us	The ZooKeeper is introduced to manage the configuration file generated by remote configuration interface.

zh-cn	然后工业网关初始化并启动数据采集线程。
en-us	Subsequently, the data acquisition thread begins to work after initializing industrial gateway.

zh-cn	客户端和工业监控平台均可实现数据显示、设备预测性维护和现场设备异常报警等功能。
en-us	The main functions of client and industrial monitoring platform are the display of history and real-time data, remote controlling and abnormal alarm of the field equipment.

zh-cn	最后通过实验验证了所设计的工业网关系统的可行性。
en-us	Finally, the experiments are presented to verify the feasibility of the industrial gateway system.

zh-cn	针对固定增益滑模观测器(FG-SMO)会导致异步电机(AM)无速度传感器控制系统的转速估计存在较大抖振和收敛速度慢等问题，提出一种变速趋近律的全阶滑模观测器(FOSMO)，降低了系统的抖振，减少了转速收敛时间。
en-us	For the fixed gain sliding mode observer(FG-SMO), the speed estimation of asynchronous motor(AM) has large chattering and slow convergence rate. Hence, a full-order sliding mode observer(FOSMO) with a variable rate reaching law is proposed, which can weaken the chattering and shorten speed convergence time.

zh-cn	所提观测器以电流误差为滑模面，设计了定子电流观测器和转子磁链观测器，并引入电流误差信息实现滑模增益的自适应调节。
en-us	The proposed observer takes the current errors as the siding mode surface, and the current errors information is introduced into stator currents and rotor flux sliding mode observer to realize adaptive adjustment of the sliding mode gain.

zh-cn	采用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论分析了所提观测器的稳定性，并推导得到转速估计自适应律。
en-us	Lyapunov stability theory is used to analyze the stability of the proposed observer and derive the adaptive law of speed estimation.

zh-cn	最后，在0. 75 k W异步电机实验平台上对该算法进行验证。
en-us	Finally, the algorithm is verified on a 0. 75 kW AM experimental platform.

zh-cn	实验结果证明所提方法能够在中低速带额定负载稳定运行，
en-us	The experimental results prove that the proposed method can run stably at low and medium speed with rated load.

zh-cn	具有良好的稳态性能以及快速的动态性能，且易于工程实现。
en-us	Moreover, the proposed method shows merits of good steady-state performance, fast convergence performance and convenient implementation.

zh-cn	下肢外骨骼作为一种可穿戴设备可以保护人体、增强人体的力量、激发人体的自我修复能力，
en-us	Lower limb exoskeleton as a wearable device can protect the human body, strengthen the power of human body, and stimulate the body's ability to repair itself.

zh-cn	已经在康复领域广泛使用。
en-us	It has been widely used in the field of rehabilitation.

zh-cn	由于外骨骼机器人实际运动意图与期望运动意图存在一定差异(即运动不相容)，容易造成穿戴者不舒适。
en-us	Because the robot motion intention and actual expected intention of the exoskeleton robot exist certain differences(incompatible), it is easy to cause uncomfortable of the wearers.

zh-cn	为了提高运动相容性识别的准确率，本文针对步幅过大、步幅过小、步幅相容采用多核学习极限学习机(ELM)的方法进行了识别。
en-us	In order to improve the recognition accuracy of motion compatibility, a method of multi-core learning extreme learning machine(ELM) is used for large stride length, small stride length, and compatible stride length.

zh-cn	表面肌电信号(sEMG)包含了大量的步态信息，能够很好地应用于运动相容性的识别，
en-us	Surface electromyography(sEMG) signal contains a large amount of gait information, which is applied to the recognition of motion compatibility.

zh-cn	首先从时域、频域、时频域等角度提取了表面肌电信号特征，
en-us	Firstly, the features of s EMG signals are extracted from time domain, frequency domain, and time frequency domain.

zh-cn	然后利用灰狼算法优化极限学习机核函数参数，
en-us	Then, the extreme learning machine kernel function parameters are optimized by the gray wolf algorithm with multi-core extreme learning machine theory.

zh-cn	最后用多核极限学习机理论，获得最优的分类模型。
en-us	Finally, the optimal classification model is obtained by using multi-core learning extreme learning machine theory.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，基于多核学习极限学习机的助行机器人运动相容性识别准确率较单核极限学习机有明显提高。
en-us	The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy based on multi-core learning extreme learning machine of walking robot motion compatibility recognition is better than extreme learning machine.

zh-cn	为了提高线缆表面缺陷检测正确率，本文提出一种改进Deeplabv3+网络的图像分割方法并将其应用于线缆表面缺陷检测。
en-us	In order to improve the accuracy of cable surface defect detection, an improved image segmentation method of Deeplabv3 + network is proposed and applied to cable surface defect detection.

zh-cn	该方法基于Deeplabv3+网络骨架不变，将空间金字塔结构由4个空洞卷积改为8个空洞卷积并在其后增加1×1的卷积环节;
en-us	Based on Deeplabv3 + network skeleton unchanged, the spatial pyramid structure is changed from 4 dilated convolutions to 8 dilated convolutions and then 1 × 1 convolution is added.

zh-cn	同时在解码融合后用一个并联结构来减少整个网络传输过程的信息丢失。
en-us	At the same time, a parallel structure is used to reduce the information loss during the whole network transmission process after decoding and fusion.

zh-cn	利用改进的算法对线缆表面缺陷图片数据集训练和测试，结果表明改进算法在准确度和平均交并比(MIOU)较原始的Deeplabv3+分析效果更好;
en-us	The improved algorithm is used to train and test the cable surface defect image data set, and the results show that it is better than the original Deeplabv3 + analysis in accuracy and mean intersection over union(MIOU).

zh-cn	相较于边缘分割和阈值分割等算法，改进算法提高了线缆表面缺陷检测的准确率。
en-us	Compared with edge segmentation, threshold segmentation and other algorithms, the proposed algorithm improves the detection accuracy of cable surface defects.

zh-cn	变速箱是履带车辆底盘的核心部件之一，
en-us	The gearbox is one of the core components of the track vehicle chassis.

zh-cn	为了能够准确地得到其有效的振动信号，本文在对齿轮激励及各部件柔性特征分析的基础上，建立了变速箱刚柔耦合模型，
en-us	In order to accurately obtain its effective vibration signal, the gearbox rigid-flexible coupling model is established and passed through the platform based on the analysis of the gear excitation and the flexible characteristics of each component.

zh-cn	并通过台架实验验证了模型的可信度。
en-us	The frame test verifies the credibility of the model.

zh-cn	以某实际工况为例，对箱体振动敏感区域进行了分析，并以此确定了其测点的位置，依托试验台架开展振动测试实验。
en-us	Taking an actual working condition as an example, the vibration sensitive area of the box is analyzed, and the position of the measuring point is determined. The vibration test is carried out according to the test bench.

zh-cn	针对实测信号采用细化谱分析法和包络分析法进行处理，有效地提取出变速箱振动信号的调制信息，
en-us	The signal is processed by the refined spectrum analysis method and the envelope analysis method, which effectively extracts the modulation information of the vibration signal of the gearbox,

zh-cn	提高了振动信号采集的全面性和准确性，
en-us	improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the vibration signal acquisition.

zh-cn	为履带车辆变速箱状态监测与故障诊断的研究提供了方法和思路。
en-us	Research provides methods and ideas for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of the gearbox of the tracked vehicle.

zh-cn	当前，纳米技术是全球最重要、发展最快的前沿领域之一。
en-us	Currently, nanotechnology is one of the most important and rapidly developing frontier in the world.

zh-cn	本研究利用Innography专利库及Web of Science论文库检索系统，对我国纳米技术领域的专利和论文产出情况进行分析，
en-us	By utilizing Innography patent database and Web of Science paper database retrieval system, this research analyzes the patents and papers output in the field of nanotechnology in China,

zh-cn	从多个维度清晰展示了我国纳米技术基础研究和应用研究发展状况。
en-us	and clearly shows the development status of basic research and application research in the field of nanotechnology in China from multiple dimensions.

zh-cn	研究结果表明，自2000年起我国纳米技术领域快速发展，
en-us	The research results show that the field of nanotechnology in China has developed rapidly since 2000.

zh-cn	基础研究以石墨烯、纳米晶体等方向为热点，应用研究主要集中在电极、污水处理、催化剂、纳米化合物制备等领域;
en-us	The basic research focuses on graphene and nanocrystalline, etc. , and the application research mainly focuses on electrode, wastewater treatment, catalyst, nano-compound preparation and other fields.

zh-cn	应积极促进纳米科技成果转化，
en-us	We should actively promote the commercialization of nanotechnology achievements,

zh-cn	加大企业研发投入力度，
en-us	increase the R&D investment of enterprises,

zh-cn	加强纳米技术的专利海外布局，
en-us	strengthen the overseas distribution of patents,

zh-cn	推动我国纳米技术快速实现大规模产业化。
en-us	and promote the rapid realization of large-scale industrialization of nanotechnology in China.

zh-cn	研究了复杂环境下基于视觉同时定位与地图构建(SLAM)算法的移动端实时定位问题。
en-us	This paper deals with the real-time localization of mobile visual simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM) in cluttered environments.

zh-cn	该问题有如下几个难点:首先是移动端设备的计算资源受限，这对算法的优化与解算效率提出了更严格的要求;
en-us	There are several difficulties in this task. Firstly, the limited computational resources lead to the requirements of the optimization and efficiency on the algorithm.

zh-cn	其次是测试场景的复杂多变，使得算法在低纹理及快速运动等情况下容易丢失目标;
en-us	Secondly, there are the cluttered and dynamic scenario. How to avoid the drift in low texture area and fast motion is the main difficulty.

zh-cn	最后是实际应用时对系统的可拓展性要求较高，需要具备复杂场景下的适应性。
en-us	Finally, it requires good scalability, which can be accurately landed and has applicability in certain application domains.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，本文提出了面向移动端的双目视觉惯性SLA M算法，
en-us	To tackle the above challenges, this paper proposes a stereo visual-inertial SLAM algorithm for mobile devices.

zh-cn	采用新型多传感器融合策略，通过将双目视觉图像和惯性测量数据进行紧耦合优化，
en-us	A new multi-sensor fusion strategy that optimizes stereo visual terms and inertial measurement error in a tightly-coupled way is introduced.

zh-cn	设计了移动端回环检测算法，显著提升了系统的鲁棒性和可靠性。
en-us	And the loop detection algorithm on the mobile devices significantly improves the robustness and reliability of the system.

zh-cn	通过实验验证了所提方法的有效性，其在定位精度上超过了当前同类方法的最好结果，
en-us	The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated through the intensive experiments, and the localization accuracy outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

zh-cn	并开发了移动端的增强现实(A R)应用，以展示系统在真实场景中的效果。
en-us	Moreover, an augmented reality(AR) application is developed as an application of the system in the real scene.

zh-cn	数据读写是文件系统的重要操作。
en-us	Data reading and writing are important operations of the file system.

zh-cn	传统的文件系统基于磁盘设计，数据读写需要旋转磁头，因此数据读写慢。
en-us	The traditional block file system is designed on disk, and the data read and write require moving the disk head. Therefore, data reading and writing are slow.

zh-cn	文件系统使用I/O调度层对读写操作进行拆分和合并，减少磁头寻道时间，提高系统性能。
en-us	The file system uses I/O scheduler layer to split and merge read and write operations to reduce disk seek time and improve system performance.

zh-cn	新型非易失性内存(NVMM)支持字节寻址和随机访问，
en-us	The emerging non-volatile main memory(NVMM) supports byte-addressable and can be directly attached to memory bus.

zh-cn	文件系统可以直接使用内存指令进行数据操作。
en-us	File systems can directly use the memory command to operate data, improving the performance.

zh-cn	因此，现有的NVMM文件系统，如ext4-dax、PMFS和NOVA，不再考虑数据操作粒度的优化，
en-us	Therefore, the existing NVMM file systems, such as ext4-dax, PMFS and NOVA, no longer consider the data operations size,

zh-cn	直接按照文件数据的存储粒度(如4 kB)在应用和文件系统之间传输数据。
en-us	and they directly transfer data between the application and file system according to the storage size of the file data(4 kB).

zh-cn	然而，文件系统中的数据读写性能仍然受到操作粒度的影响。
en-us	However, the data read and write performance in the file system is still affected by the granularity of operations.

zh-cn	本文分析了文件系统在真实NVMM硬件上的性能，发现大粒度操作会降低文件系统性能，并针对数据读写操作粒度提出了优化策略。
en-us	The performance of file systems on real NVMM hardware is analyzed, it is found that large granularity operations reduce the performance of the file system, and optimization strategies for data operation granularity are proposed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文提出的优化策略使得NVMM文件系统性能提升30.1%。
en-us	The experimental results show that these strategies can improve the performance of NVMM file system by 30. 1%.

zh-cn	智能天车倒垛优化是提高钢卷库堆场利用率的重要手段，同时对提升钢铁仓库物流效率具有重要意义。
en-us	The optimization of smart crane shuffle operations is an important means to improve the utilization rate of the steel roll yard, and it is significance to promote the logistics efficiency of the steel roll warehouse to address this problem.

zh-cn	针对该问题，建立最小倒垛次数为目标的天车作业负荷数学模型。
en-us	This paper develops a mathematical model of crane operation load with the goal of minimizing the number of shuffle operations.

zh-cn	在对模型求解过程中，借鉴了 Alpha Go-Zero中树搜索方法，设计了蒙特卡洛钢卷搜索树(MCRST)。
en-us	In the process of solving the model, using the tree search method in Alpha Go-Zero for reference, this paper designs a Monte Carlo roll search tree(MCRST).

zh-cn	为了提升搜索树的收敛速度和结果的准确性，将树的置信度上界(UCT)改为快速动作值估计(RAVE)，
en-us	In order to improve the convergence speed and accuracy of search tree results, the upper confidence bounds for trees(UCT) is changed to rapid action value estimation(RAVE).

zh-cn	同时引入绝对剪枝策略避免节点盲目扩展。
en-us	Meanwhile, the algorithm introduces absolute pruning strategy to avoid blind expansion of nodes.

zh-cn	通过不同规模算例实验，将改进算法与原树搜索和粒子群算法(PSO)进行比较，证明了该算法在大规模问题上的优越性;
en-us	Through experiments of different scales, the improved algorithm is compared with the original. tree search and particle swarm optimization(PSO), which proves the superiority of the algorithm in large-scale problems.

zh-cn	同时该算法也考虑了订单钢卷出库顺序和出库量等因素，验证了算法的适用性。
en-us	At the same time, the algorithm also considers factors such as the order and volume of order steel coils to verify the algorithm applicability.

zh-cn	通常一个销售代表会有数百名客户。
en-us	Each sales representative usually has hundreds of customers.

zh-cn	销售代表无法定量预测哪位客户最近有下单需求，所以多采用轮询或者主观直觉的方式决定每天的回访客户名单。
en-us	Sales representatives cannot quantitatively predict which customer will place an order recently, so they often use polling or intuitive methods to decide the list of visiting customers every day.

zh-cn	本文以深度学习的思路，把销售代表的历史回访记录作为输入数据，以卷积神经网络(CNN)和循环神经网络(RN N)为基础模型，让模型学习客户复购行为的内在逻辑以便指导初级销售代表的每日回访工作。
en-us	This paper takes the historical visit records of sales representatives as input data, and uses convolutional neural network(CNN) and recurrent neural network(RNN) to make the model learn the internal logic of customer repurchase behavior, in order to guide the daily jobs of junior sales representatives' jobs.

zh-cn	相对传统回访策略，在深度学习算法辅助下的回访策略可以把回访相对成功率提高120%，取得了显著的效果。
en-us	Compared with the traditional visit strategy, the new visit strategy of deep learning has achieved good results and increases the relative success rate of visit by about 120%.

zh-cn	信息检索效率的提高可以给用户带来更好的体验。
en-us	The improvement of information retrieval efficiency can bring better user experience.

zh-cn	信息检索的实质是字符串匹配，
en-us	The essence of information retrieval is string matching.

zh-cn	针对当前字符串匹配算法效率低下的问题，本文提出一种基于位置索引的中英文快速模糊检索算法，
en-us	In view of the low efficiency of the current string matching algorithm, this paper proposes a fast fuzzy retrieval algorithm based on location index.

zh-cn	通过直接获取被匹配串的所有位置信息，在匹配串进行匹配时可根据位置信息达到直接精确匹配，从而提升匹配效率。
en-us	By directly obtaining all the position information of the matched string, the direct and accurate matching can be achieved according to the position information when matching the matched string, thus greatly improving the matching efficiency.

zh-cn	并在此算法基础上深入分析了基于中文的模糊匹配查找和多关键字查找。
en-us	Based on this algorithm, the fuzzy matching search and multi keyword search based on Chinese are analyzed.

zh-cn	通过实验测试，该算法在数据量、数据源长度和待匹配串长度等特性评价指标上均优于一般算法。
en-us	The experimental results show that the algorithm is superior to the ordinary algorithm in terms of data quantity, data source length and string length to be matched and other characteristics.

zh-cn	为解决传统Scott-Hensley网络解算算法在寻找回路过程中速度过慢从而导致解算时间过长的问题，本文基于节点压能算法进行相应研究，对节点压能算法的迭代原理进行分析，
en-us	According to finding ventilation loops, traditional Scott-Hensley network solution algorithm is so slow to require more solution time. To solve this problem, this paper carries out corresponding research and analyzes the iterative principle of the node pressure energy algorithm.

zh-cn	从数学角度确定其在实际应用中的可行性，推导节点压能解算法的数学模型，给出了通风网络中各个节点的压能校正迭代式以及算法流程;
en-us	From a mathematical point of view, this paper determines the feasibility of this algorithmin practical application and deduces the mathematical model, which gets pressure energy correction iterative formula and algorithm flow of each node in ventilation network.

zh-cn	并针对节点校正式中存在不收敛和收敛慢的问题，根据通风机特性曲线的不同拟合次数给出相应的解决方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problems of non convergence and slow convergence in node calibration formal, the corresponding solutions are given according to the different fitting times of fan characteristic curve.

zh-cn	最终通过示例证明了在同一复杂通风网络中相较于Scott-Hensley算法，节点压能算法具有收敛速度快的特点，且收敛误差同Scott-Hensley算法相比差别不大。
en-us	An example shows that in the same complex ventilation network, the node pressure energy algorithm can achieve fast convergence and similar convergence error compared with Scott-Hensley algorithm.

zh-cn	本文设计了一种基于机器人操作系统(ROS)和EtherCAT的双舵轮全向移动机器人控制系统。
en-us	An omnidirectional mobile robot control system is designed based on robot opertating system(ROS) and EtherCAT.

zh-cn	首先建立双舵轮对角驱动移动机器人运动学模型; 采用Xenomai实时内核和IgHEtherCAT主站技术设计机器人底层驱动;
en-us	First, the kinematic model of the two-steering-wheel mobile robot is established, and using Xenomai realtime kernel and IgHEtherCAT master to achieve the low-level driver of the robot.

zh-cn	在ROS平台下，以move＿base为核心设计机器人导航规划层，
en-us	Under the ROS platform, the navigation layer of control system is constructed based on move-base,

zh-cn	导航数据源由惯性测量单元、编码器和激光雷达获取;
en-us	and the navigation data resource is obtained by inertial measurement unit, motor encoder and lidar.

zh-cn	利用Qt设计远程客户端人机界面，主要包含控制窗口和数据库等界面;
en-us	Based on Qt framework, remote client-sidehuman-machine interface is developed, mainly including the control window and database interface.

zh-cn	最后，针对构建的全向移动机器人进行自主导航实验，实验结果验证了所设计系统的实用性。
en-us	Finally, the autonomous navigation experiment is carried out for the omnidirectional mobile robot, and the experimental results verify the practicability of the designed system.

zh-cn	目标检测是计算机视觉任务中的关键问题之一，而边界框回归是目标检测的重要步骤。
en-us	Target detection is one of the key problems in computer vision tasks, and bounding box regression is an important step in target detection.

zh-cn	现有方法认为交并比(IoU)损失有利于度量IoU，但仍然存在收敛速度慢和回归不准确的问题。
en-us	In the existing methods, intersection over union(IoU) loss is considered to be beneficial to IoU measurement, but there are still problems such as slow convergence and inaccurate regression.

zh-cn	此外，大规模的目标检测数据集尽可能地清晰定义真实边界框，但在标记边界框时仍然会引入偏差。
en-us	In addition, large-scale target detection data sets try to define the true bounding box as clearly as possible, but biases are still introduced when marking the bounding box.

zh-cn	本文基于CIoU损失和边界框回归Kullback-Leibler(KL)损失提出了优化IoU(OIoU)边界框损失，
en-us	Therefore, this paper proposes an optimized bounding box optimize-IoU(OIoU) loss based on complete-IoU(CIoU) loss and bounding box regression Kullback-Leibler(KL)loss,

zh-cn	主要通过学习边界变换和定位方差解决上述问题。
en-us	and solves the above problems mainly by learning boundary transformation and positioning variance.

zh-cn	OIoU不仅用于评估本地化置信度还可以计算标准差和边界框位置，在解决边界框标注时带来的偏差、回归不准确问题的同时加快了收敛速度。
en-us	OIoU is not only used to evaluate the localization confidence, but also to calculate the standard deviation and the position of the bounding box, which solves the problems of deviation and inaccurate regression caused by the bounding box labeling while speeding up the convergence speed.

zh-cn	在PASCAL VOC和MS-COCO两个数据集上证明了优化边界框损失在检测精度和收敛速度上要优于原有的方法。
en-us	On the two data sets of PASCAL VOC and MS-COCO, it is proved that the optimized bounding box loss is superior to the previous methods in detection accuracy and convergence speed.

zh-cn	全封闭往复式压缩机作为制冷系统的核心部件，其品质决定了整机系统的能效水平、静音效果和产品寿命。
en-us	As the core component of the refrigeration system, the quality of hermetic reciprocating compressor determines the energy efficiency level, silent effect, and product life of the whole system.

zh-cn	在生产线制造过程中，针对全封闭结构特点难以识别缺陷产品的短板问题，本文提出了一种基于壳体振动信号的压缩机制造缺陷诊断方法。
en-us	In the manufacturing process of the production line, in order to solve the shortcomings that it is difficult to identify the defective product due to the characteristics of the hermetic structure, this paper proposes a diagnosis method for manufacturing defects based on the vibration signal of the compressor shell.

zh-cn	首先通过集合经验模态分解(EEMD)对振动信号进行频谱分解，
en-us	First, the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) is used to spectrally decompose the vibration signal.

zh-cn	再利用多尺度样本熵(MSE)来表征不同尺度下各模态分量的复杂度并以此作为特征向量，
en-us	Furthermore, the multiscale sample entropy(MSE) is utilized to characterize the complexity of each intrinsic mode function(IMF) at different scales, and the values are used as the feature vector.

zh-cn	最后利用支持向量机(SVM)完成制造缺陷的分类。
en-us	Finally, the support vector machine(SVM) is used to complete the classification of manufacturing defects.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文所提诊断方法能准确实现典型制造缺陷的识别与分类，为全封闭往复式压缩机制造缺陷的在线检测提供了相关理论与检测依据。
en-us	Experimental results show that the detection the proposed method can accurately identify and classify typical manufacturing defects, and provide relevant theoretical and testing base for the online detection of hermetic refrigeration compressors.

zh-cn	针对传统同时定位与地图构建(SLAM)特征点误匹配以及多机器人协作中的地图融合问题，本文提出了基于结合KNN-PROSAC和改进快速定向二进制描述(ORB)的多机器人SLAM地图融合算法，
en-us	Aiming at the mismatching points of traditional simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM), SLAM and map merging problems of multi-robot coordination, a kind of algorithm, which is based on the combination of KNN-PROSAC and improved oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF(ORB) with muti-robbot coordination SLAM map merging is presented,

zh-cn	通过提取栅格地图的ORB特征，计算最优匹配点及最优匹配集对应的单应矩阵，
en-us	This algorithm extracts the ORB features of raster map, calculates the homography matrix corresponding of the optimal matching point and the optimal matching set,

zh-cn	运用偏仿射变换矩阵求得转换关系从而实现地图融合。
en-us	and applies the partial affine transformation matrix to obtain transformation relation, then it realizes map merging.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文算法可以在有效提高特征匹配正确率的同时保证地图融合的质量。
en-us	The experiment results show that this algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of feature matching and ensure the quality of map merging.

zh-cn	本文针对脑瘫患儿差异化康复训练方案难于定制的问题，基于领域特定语言(DSL)优化了脑瘫康复系统架构。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the differentiated rehabilitation training program for children with cerebral palsy is difficult to customize, the architecture of the cerebral palsy rehabilitation system is optimized based on the domain specific language(DSL).

zh-cn	根据专家给出的脑瘫患儿训练计划，在Eclipse平台的Xtext构建了控制机械手完成手势动作所需要的领域模型，
en-us	According to the training plan for children with cerebral palsy given by experts, the domain model required to control the robot to complete the gestures is built on Xtext on the Eclipse platform,

zh-cn	并且完成了对该领域模型的实现，将其成功用于机械手辅助脑瘫康复动作训练系统中，
en-us	and the realization of the domain model is completed, which is successfully used in the robot-assisted cerebral palsy rehabilitation.

zh-cn	使得理疗师等非编程技术人员能够为脑瘫患儿康复定制训练方案。
en-us	This training system enables non-programming technicians such as physical therapists to customize training programs for the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy.

zh-cn	当前，软件定义网络(SDN)交换机的三态内容寻址存储器(TCAM)基于优先级编码其存储规则的物理位置，
en-us	Currently, the physical storage locations of rules in ternary content addressable memory(TCAM) at softwaredefined networking(SDN) switches depend on the priorities of the rules.

zh-cn	因此，当发生规则更新时，TCAM不可避免地会因为新优先级的出现或原有规则优先级的变化而移动大量已有规则的物理位置，产生不可忽视的高时延。
en-us	Therefore, when updating rules in TCAM, a great quantity of rules will be moved to new locations due to the emergences of new priorities and the modifications of old priorities, resulting in a significantly high latency.

zh-cn	本文提出了基于优先级替换的批量规则快速更新方法(BRUS)，解决规则更新时因TCAM移动规则而产生的高时延。
en-us	To solve the problem, a fast method of batch rule updating scheme(BRUS) based on priority replacement is proposed, which reduces the latency while updating rules in TCAM.

zh-cn	BRUS引入了基于规则依赖的规则语义一致性，在规则语义一致性的基础上，通过替换插入规则优先级为删除规则的优先级来避免不必要的规则移动，实现快速的规则更新。
en-us	BRUS introduces the definition of rule dependency-based semantic consistency. Based on this, BRUS replaces the priorities of inserted rules with the priorities of deleted rules to avoid unnecessary rule movements, and therefore achieving fast rule updating.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，BRUS能够有效找到91%以上的替换规则对，从而大幅减少规则更新的移动次数。
en-us	Experiment results show that BRUS is capable of finding more than 91% replace pairs and significantly reduces rule moves when updating.

zh-cn	与最新方法相比，针对批量更新场景，BRUS具有更好的稳定性和适用性。
en-us	Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, BRUS is clearly superior in terms of stability and suitability in batch rule-update scenarios.

zh-cn	为解决in-APP第三方支付中密钥泄漏、信息显示不全、商家APP缺乏预信任等问题，采用着色Pe tri网(C PN)模型对现有的订单篡改、通知假冒、订单替换、非授权查询4种攻击进行建模分析，并通过推导不安全状态的可达性验证in-APP第三方支付系统存在的安全漏洞。
en-us	To solve the problems of key leakage, incomplete display of order information and lack of pre-trust of merchant APP in in-APP third-party payment, a new secure payment model for in-APP third-party payment is proposed. In view of the existing attacks of order tampering, notification forging, order substituting and unauthorized querying, the mobile payment protocol is analyzed by color Petri net(CPN) model, and the accessibility of the unsafe state is proved. Therefore the security vulnerabilities of in-APP third-party payment are verified.

zh-cn	提出了基于可信平台模块(TPM)的新的支付协议模型，该模型利用TPM生成安全私钥用于改进数字签名和防止用户和商家APP串谋攻击等方面。
en-us	A new payment protocol model and improvement strategy based on trusted platform module(TPM) are proposed. The model uses TPM to generate the secure private key for improving digital signature and preventing colluding attack between user and merchant APP.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明，相较于原协议，新的安全模型引入随机数抵御重放攻击，通过TPM安全芯片生成公私钥对，
en-us	Security analysis shows that compared with the original protocol, the new security model introduces nonce to resist replay attack, generates public and private key pairs through the PPM security chip,

zh-cn	抵御因密钥泄漏引发的订单篡改与替换、通知假冒和非授权查询4种网络攻击，
en-us	and prevents four kinds of network attacks of order tampering and substituting, notification forging and unauthorized querying which are brought by key leakage.

zh-cn	并通过协议中的额外安全性补偿机制解决了串谋攻击和订单信息显示不全等问题。
en-us	The new security model also solves the problems of colluding attack and incomplete display of order information through the additional security compensation mechanism in the protocol.

zh-cn	机器人路径规划算法需应对运动过程中遇到的各种复杂环境。
en-us	Robot path planning algorithm needs to deal with various complex environments encountered in the process of movement.

zh-cn	针对快速扩展随机树(RRT)算法规划时间长、产生新节点随机性大、盲目性强的缺点，提出基于目标指引的RRT*路径规划算法。
en-us	According to the disadvantages of the algorithm of rapidly-exploring random trees(RRT), such as long planning time, large randomness and strong blindness of new nodes, an algorithm of RRT* path planning based on target guidance is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法在障碍物和目标点处分别产生虚拟势场，
en-us	In this algorithm, virtual potential fields are generated at obstacles and target points respectively.

zh-cn	引入引力函数和斥力函数使得生成的随机点具有目标性，
en-us	By introducing the gravitational function and the repulsive function, the generated random points are targetable.

zh-cn	随机点朝向目标点方向产生，降低盲目性和随机性;
en-us	The random points are generated towards the target point, which reduces the blindness and randomness.

zh-cn	回归策略和动态自适应步长策略减少规划时间和产生冗余点的数量。
en-us	Regression and dynamic adaptive step-size strategies reduce planning time and the number of redundant points.

zh-cn	当环境复杂时，提出带有预测机制的模糊推理策略，以解决机器人在U型陷阱下易产生的局部死锁现象。
en-us	When the environment is complex, a fuzzy inference strategy with predictive mechanism is proposed to solve the local deadlock in U-shaped traps.

zh-cn	在动态环境下，提出重规划策略使机器人拥有动态避障能力。
en-us	In dynamic environment, the reprogramming strategy is proposed to enable the robot to have dynamic obstacle avoidance ability.

zh-cn	最后，在树莓派智能小车上进行了实验测试，结果验证了该算法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the experiment is carried out on the Raspberry Pi smart car. The results show that the algorithm is effective.

zh-cn	为了在全负载范围下高效率地驱动规则及不规则LED阵列，基于能馈式LED阵列驱动接口电路提出一种可最高效率点跟踪的控制策略，使能馈式LED阵列驱动接口电路在负载发生变化的情况下仍可工作在最高效率点。
en-us	In order to efficiently drive the regular and irregular LED arrays under the full load range, a control strategy based on the energy recycle LED matrix driving circuit that can track the maximum-efficiency operation point is proposed to enable the driving circuit work at the maximum-efficiency point at the load under changing circumstances.

zh-cn	在负载组合已知的前提下基于RGBLED负载切换可实现调光调色，建立了反向传播(BP)神经网络负载控制的调光调色模型。
en-us	The brightness and color control can be achieved based on RGBLED load switching, and a load-controlled brightness and color control model of back propagation(BP) neural network is established.

zh-cn	制作了 24 V输入、3通道输出、开关频率为100 kHz的能馈式RGBLED通道电路样机并搭建了相应的取色平台。
en-us	A RGBLED channle circuit prototype with 24 V input, 3 channel output, and a switching frequency of 100 kHz is made and the corresponding color extraction platform is built.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，最高效率点跟踪的能馈式LED阵列驱动接口电路可利用神经网络负载控制模型实现有限空间下的调光调色。
en-us	The experimental results show that the energy-recycle interface circuit for LED matrix driving under maximum-efficiency operation point tracking control can realize the brightness and color control in limited space by using the neural network load control model.

zh-cn	地质分层是指对某一个地区的地层剖面中的岩层进行划分，可用于指导相应的地质找矿工作。
en-us	Geological stratification aims to divide the rock layers in the stratum section of a certain area, which is of great significant to the problem of geological prospecting.

zh-cn	传统的地质分层主要依靠专家根据经验进行人工判断，然而由于地质层位类别繁多，需要消耗大量的时间和人力成本。
en-us	However, considering that there exists a variety of geological horizons, and traditional geological stratification relies heavily on subjective judgment of the expert, performing geological stratification is time-consuming and knowledge-intensive work.

zh-cn	现有的地质层位自动识别方法，由于没能考虑到测井数据的序列关系以及地质层位分布的特点，导致识别效果较差。
en-us	Existing automatic geological stratification methods fail to consider the sequence relationship of well logging data and the characteristics of geological horizon distribution, thus making classification accuracy unable to reach the state-of-the-art level.

zh-cn	基于此，本文提出了一种改进的双向长短期记忆神经网络(BiLSTM)的地质片段层位预测方法，可以根据测井数据自动快速地进行地质分层预测。
en-us	Based on the above background, an improved bidirectional long-short memory neural network(BiLSTM) for geological horizon prediction is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先对测井数据进行分段处理，然后基于片段式的数据对BiLSTM网络进行相应的修改，其充分利用了地质层位片段式分布的特点，且考虑到了测井数据两个方向上的序列相关性。
en-us	To fully make use of the characteristics of fragmented distribution of geological horizons and the sequence correlation in two directions of well logging data, the BiLSTM network following the structure of the segmented data is modified.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文方法在某油田真实井位数据集上的识别准确率达到了 93%，相较于其他网络有着显著的效果提升。
en-us	The proposed method on a real well data set of an oil field is evaluated, and the experimental results demonstrate that the classification accuracy has reached 93%, which has a significant improvement compared with other methods.

zh-cn	随着轨道交通产业的发展，列车最优速度轨迹规划对节能环保事业发展和提升人们出行质量有着越来越重要的作用。
en-us	With the development of rail transportation industry, the optimal speed trajectory planning of trains is playing a significant role in the enhancement of energy efficiency, environmental protection and passengers' traveling quality.

zh-cn	针对优化高速列车运行速度轨迹以保证高速列车运行的能效性、安全性、正点性和舒适性的多目标问题，本文提出了 一种利用实时交通信息规划高速列车最优运行轨迹的新方法——基于收缩块的高速列车多目标滚动时域速度规划算法。
en-us	The optimization of a high-speed train's speed trajectory to ensure the efficiency, safety, punctuality and comfort belongs to a multi-objective optimization problem. To solve this problem, a new optimal trajectory planning method for high-speed trains is proposed based on real-time traffic information, which is named as shrink blockingbased multi-objective receding horizon speed planning algorithm of high-speed train.

zh-cn	高速列车模型采用非线性纵向动力学模型，考虑了变化的道路斜坡和速度限制。
en-us	The nonlinear longitudinal dynamics of high-speed trains are used to predict the future behaviors of the train and describe variable slopes and variable speed limitations based on real-time traffic information.

zh-cn	根据高速列车的实时位置和运行时间，设计了一种包含多目标性能函数的收缩块滚动时域最优速度规划方法。
en-us	According to the real-time position and running time of the train, a shrink blocking based receding horizon optimal trajectory planning method with a multi-objective performance function is designed.

zh-cn	通过在线求解一系列的最优速度规划问题，得到高速列车运行的最优速度-时间曲线。
en-us	The optimal velocity-time graph of the high-speed train can be obtained by online solving a series of optimal trajectory planning problems.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该方法能满足高速列车运行节能、准点、安全和舒适的要求。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can satisfy the requirements of energy efficiency, punctuality, safety and comfort of the high-speed train.

zh-cn	面向非合作航天器相对位姿测量需求，提出一种无需先验信息和人工干预的航天器太阳帆板检测算法。
en-us	Aiming at the relative pose measurement requirements of non-cooperative satellite targets, a spacecraft solar panel detection algorithm without prior information and manual intervention is proposed.

zh-cn	在分析太阳帆板视觉特征基础上，设计了三级分类器级联的目标检测算法。
en-us	Based on the analysis of the visual characteristics of solar windsurfing, a three-level classifier cascaded target detection algorithm is designed.

zh-cn	针对角度未知长矩形目标识别方法独立性和稳健性不强的问题，设计了旋转图片检测目标的方法;
en-us	Aiming at the problem of the lack of independence and robustness of the long rectangular target recognition method with unknown angle, a method for detecting targets by rotating pictures is designed.

zh-cn	针对传统特征提取方法效率低的问题，提出了颜色分布积分图和基于积分图的特征提取方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of traditional feature extraction methods, color distribution integral maps and feature extraction methods based on integral maps are proposed.

zh-cn	最后通过实验验证了在不同背景下太阳帆板检测任务中，提出算法的实用性和鲁棒性。
en-us	Finally, it is verified through experiments that the proposed algorithm has good practicability and robustness in the solar sail detection task under different backgrounds.

zh-cn	本文利用相机对目标物体特征点的测量信息解决机器人相对位置和姿态的估计问题。
en-us	This paper studies the estimation problem of the relative position and attitude for robots based on measured feature points of the target object from the camera.

zh-cn	首先，针对机器人运动过程中相机获得的目标物体连续图像，利用扩展Kalman滤波器估计特征点的三维信息。
en-us	Firstly, an extended Kalman filtering is used to estimate the 3-D information of the feature points in the continuous image of the target object obtained by the camera.

zh-cn	然后，在SE(3)空间上设计了一个非线性位姿观测器。利用得到的特征点三维信息构造了 Lyapunov函数，并解耦成分别和姿态误差以及位置误差相关的两部分。
en-us	Secondly, a nonlinear pose observer is designed on the SE(3), and Lyapunov function is constructed by the estimated 3-D information of the feature points, which can be decomposed into two parts related to attitude error and position error

zh-cn	利用Lyapunov稳定性原理设计了观测器的姿态误差和位置误差补偿律，
en-us	Moreover, the attitude error and position error compensation laws of the observer are designed by using the Lyapunov stability theory,

zh-cn	证明了观测器在平衡点处是渐近稳定的。
en-us	and it is proved that the observer is asymptotically stable at the equilibrium point.

zh-cn	最后，通过数值仿真实验验证了所提算法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation experiment.

zh-cn	在图像、文本、视频、语音以及社交类网络数据爆炸增长的时代，企业如何从海量非结构化数据中提取出有效信息并将之转化为生产效率的提升和流程自动化的实现，是目前迫切需要关注和解决的问题。
en-us	In the era of explosive growth of images, texts, videos, voice and social network data, how enterprises extract and transform effective information from massive unstructured data to improve the production efficiency and realize the process automation has been an urgent concern that needs to be solved.

zh-cn	本文以运营商集团电子工单自动判责场景为切入点，提出使用基于transformer架构的双向编码器表示(BERT)作为文本分类模型，自动收集各省份的反馈信息并进行各省份的工单责任智能判定。
en-us	Taking the electronic work order automatic responsibility judgment scenario of the Telecom Operator Group as the starting point, the bidectional encoder representations from transformer(BERT) based on the transformer architecture is used as the text categorization model to automatically collect feedback information from provinces and make intelligent judgments of the work order responsibilities of each province.

zh-cn	通过将BERT模型与LightGBM和Bi-LSTM-Attention模型进行实验对比，结果表明BERT模型对各类别工单的预测准确率均达到了 96%以上，具有较好的实际应用效果。
en-us	The comparison and analysis of the BERT model, the LightGBM model and the Bi-LSTM-Attention model indicate that the prediction accuracy of the BERT model on all types of work orders is over 96%, showing excellent practical effects.

zh-cn	传统的车辆虚拟拆装仿真技术，存在实操感差、交互灵活性低的问题。
en-us	The traditional virtual disassembly and assembly simulation technology of the vehicle has the problems of poor practical operation and low interactive flexibility.

zh-cn	鉴于此，本文提出了基于自然手势交互的汽车虚拟拆装实验系统和方法框架。
en-us	A virtual automobile disassembly experimental system and framework based on natural gesture interaction is proposed.

zh-cn	通过Leap Motion手势识别，构建了车辆拆装虚拟仿真实验平台，
en-us	Through gesture recognition using Leap Motion, a virtual simulation experimental platform for vehicle disassembly and assembly is constructed.

zh-cn	提供了发动机拆装、整车拆装、传动系统拆装、制动系统拆装和转向系统拆装模块，
en-us	The modules of engine disassembly, vehicle disassembly, transmission system disassembly, brake system disassembly and steering system disassembly and assembly are provided,

zh-cn	实现了拆装过程的仿真和评价。
en-us	and the simulation and scoring of disassembly and assembly process are realized.

zh-cn	与传统的车辆虚拟拆装方法相比，基于自然手势交互的虚拟拆装方法具有交互性和沉浸性更强的优点，
en-us	Compared with the traditional vehicle virtual assembly method, the virtual disassembly method based on natural gesture interaction has the advantages of stronger interactivity and immersion.

zh-cn	能够最大程度地模拟现场车辆拆装过程，避免实践场地、时间不足的问题。
en-us	It can simulate the process of vehicle disassembly and assembly to the greatest extent, and avoid the problem of insufficient practice site and time.

zh-cn	准确的风电场风向预测对制定偏航控制策略、提高发电量及风电机组稳定运行具有重要意义。
en-us	Accurate wind farms wind direction prediction is important for evaluating yaw control strategies, improving electric energy production capacity and steady operation of wind turbines.

zh-cn	针对风向的随机性和不确定性的特点，提出一种变分模态分解(VMD)和蝙蝠算法(B A)优化长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络的短期风向预测模型。
en-us	According to the randomness and uncertainty of wind direction, a short-term wind direction prediction model is proposed based on variational mode decomposition(VMD) and bat algorithm(BA) optimized long short term memory(LSTM).

zh-cn	首先，采用变分模态分解将原始序列分解为多个有限带宽的特征模态分量以降低原始数据的复杂度和非平稳性对预测精度的影响，
en-us	Firstly, the original sequence is decomposed into multiple finite-band eigen-mode modal components by using VMD to reduce the influence of the complexity and non-stationarity of the original data on the prediction accuracy.

zh-cn	然后将各分量分别建立B A-LSTM模型进行预测，
en-us	Then the BA-LSTM model for each component is established to predict separately,

zh-cn	最后将各分量预测结果叠加得到风向值，
en-us	and finally the wind direction values are obtained by superimposing the prediction results of each component.

zh-cn	结合河北某风场的实测数据进行多时间尺度的风向预测。
en-us	The multi-time-scale wind direction prediction is carried out based on the measured data of a wind field in Hebei Province.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，本文所提方法相比于LSTM和最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)预测方法提高了预测精度，对后续研究偏航系统的最优调节提供了支持。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the prediction accuracy compared with the LSTM and least square support vector machine(LSSVM) prediction methods, which provides support for the subsequent research on the optimal adjustment of the yaw system.

zh-cn	基于直线电机车辆的基本结构及工作原理，利用拉格朗日-麦克斯韦方程，从机械与电磁能量层面进行了直线电机车辆系统机电动力学模型的构建。
en-us	Based on the basic structure and working principle of linear motor vehicle, the electromechanical dynamics model of linear motor vehicle system is constructed from the mechanical and electromagnetic energy level by using the Lagrange-Maxwell equation.

zh-cn	分析了车辆系统机械部件及电磁部分的相互作用规律，并推导了相关微分方程。
en-us	The interaction rule of mechanical components and electromagnetic parts of vehicle system is analyzed, and the related differential equations are derived.

zh-cn	根据Clark变换，将所得的三相坐标系模型简化为两相坐标系模型。
en-us	According to the Clark transform, the obtained three phase coordinate system model is simplified to two phase coordinate system model.

zh-cn	应用Matlab求解及仿真，得到相关参数的变化规律。
en-us	The change rules of the relevant parameters are obtained by Matlab solving and simulating.

zh-cn	以此方法建立直线电机车辆的机电动力学模型，简单有效地解决了相关的机电动力学问题。
en-us	The electromechanical dynamics model of the linear motor vehicle is established by this method, and the related electromechanical dynamics problems are solved simply and effectively.

zh-cn	针对存在参数摄动、负载扰动和未建模动态等不确定因素的永磁直线同步电机(PMLSM)位移系统，提出了一种基于固定时间干扰观测器的动态面反步控制方法。
en-us	For the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(PMLSM) with uncertain factors such as parameter perturbation, load disturbance, unmodeled dynamics, and so on, a dynamic surface backstepping control method is proposed based on the fixed-time disturbance observer.

zh-cn	首先，通过构造干扰观测器对系统的非匹配不确定项和匹配不确定项进行观测估计，且其观测误差能够在固定时间内收敛于0;
en-us	Firstly, the disturbance observers are developed to observe the mismatched uncertainty and matched uncertainties of the system, and the observation errors can converge to 0 in fixed time.

zh-cn	其次，将反步控制与动态面控制相结合完成PMLSM固定时间位移跟踪控制器的设计，
en-us	Secondly, the fixed-time displacement tracking controllers for PMLSM are presented by combining the backstepping control with dynamic surface control,

zh-cn	有效避免了常规反步控制存在的“微分爆炸”问题，并简化了系统控制器的设计过程。
en-us	which avoids the 'differential explosion' problem during using the conventional backstepping control, and simplifies the design processes of the system controllers.

zh-cn	理论分析表明，PMLSM位移系统在本文所提控制方法的作用下能够在固定时间内收敛。
en-us	Theoretical analysis shows that the PMLSM displacement system can converge in fixed time under the action of the proposed control method.

zh-cn	最后，与其他控制方法进行了仿真对比研究，仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method through comparing with other control methods.

zh-cn	本文从多任务系统以及算法硬件协同设计的角度出发，提出了一种面向多任务处理的神经网络加速器架构。
en-us	An accelerator architecture from the perspective of multi-task systems and algorithm-and-hardware co-design is proposed.

zh-cn	在算法方面，提出了 一套多任务处理算法，能够有效挖掘多任务间的特征重复性和计算重用性;
en-us	First, a simultaneous multi-task algorithm is proposed to exploit the repetitive feature and the computational reuse among the tasks.

zh-cn	在架构设计方面，设计了能够利用网络参数共享实现多任务间计算重用的加速器架构。
en-us	Then a compact accelerator that fully utilizes the proposed algorithm is designed to process various vision tasks simultaneously.

zh-cn	该架构采用基于时间片的调度方法，实现了多视觉任务的高效并行处理。
en-us	A time slice-based scheduling method is further proposed to conduct the multi-vision task in parallel and the network parameter sharing is utilized to achieve significant computational reuse.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与目前主流的移动图形处理器(GPU)相比，本文提出的加速器能够在多任务推理阶段减少65. 80%的乘法运算量，同时获得了 11倍的性能提升。
en-us	It is evaluated in experiments that the proposed accelerator removes 65. 80% of the repetitive operations from the multi-simultaneous inference tasks and achieves 11 × performance speedup over the state-of-the-art mobile graphics processing unit(GPU).

zh-cn	以非易失性存储器(NVM)作为主存且以动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)作为片外高速缓存(EC)，是一种可以满足大数据应用内存容量需求的新型混合内存结构(ECNVM)。
en-us	To satisfy the memory capacity requirement of big-data applications, a promising architecture, in which the non-volatile memory(NVM) is used as main memory and dynamic random access memory(DRAM) is taken as external cache(EC), is proposed, referred to as EC-NVM.

zh-cn	与ICDRAM相比，EC-NVM在容量比、延迟比方面均有显著不同，导致在IC-DRAM场景下的设计方法和优化策略直接迁移到EC-NVM上未必有良好的效果。
en-us	Compared to traditional memory architecture that involves the last level cache(LLC) and DRAM(referred to as IC-DRAM), EC-NVM is significantly different in terms of capacity and latency, thus traditional design cannot be directly borrowed without reconsideration.

zh-cn	本文评测了 EC-NVM的体系结构特性(包括高速缓存粒度、关联度、替换算法、预取算法等)，获得了指导ECNVM结构的设计和优化的一系列发现。
en-us	This paper explores the characteristics and architectural implications of EC-NVM in diverse dimensions including cache line granularity, associativity, replacement policy and prefetching methods. All findings provide valuable hints for the designers of EC-NVM.

zh-cn	随着深度神经网络对算力的需求不断增加，传统通用处理器在完成推理运算过程中出现了性能低、功耗高的缺点，
en-us	With the increasing demand for computing power of deep neural networks, traditional general-purpose processors have the disadvantages of low performance and high power consumption in the process of completing inference operations.

zh-cn	因此通过专用硬件对深度神经网络进行加速逐步成为了深度神经网络的重要发展趋势。
en-us	Therefore, it has become an important development trend to accelerate deep neural networks through dedicated hardware.

zh-cn	现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)具有重构性强、开发周期短以及性能优越等优点，
en-us	Field programmable gate array(FPGA) has the advantages of strong reconfigurability, short development cycle, and superior performance.

zh-cn	适合用作深度神经网络的硬件加速平台。
en-us	It is very suitable as a hardware acceleration platform for deep neural networks.

zh-cn	英伟达深度学习加速器(NVDLA)是英伟达开源的神经网络硬件加速器，
en-us	NVIDIA deep learning accelerator(NVDLA) is NVIDIA's open source neural network hardware accelerator.

zh-cn	其凭借自身出色的性能被学术界和工业界高度认可。
en-us	With its excellent performance, it is highly recognized by the academic and industrial circles.

zh-cn	本文主要研究NVDLA在FPGA平台上的优化映射问题，
en-us	This article mainly studies the optimization mapping problem of NVDLA on the FPGA platform.

zh-cn	通过多种优化方案高效利用FPGA内部的硬件资源，同时提高其运行性能。
en-us	Through various optimization schemes, the hardware resources inside the FPGA are efficiently utilized and the running performance is improved.

zh-cn	基于搭建的NVDLA加速器平台，本文实现了对RESNET-50神经网络的硬件加速，完成了在ImageNet数据集上的图像分类任务。
en-us	Based on the built NVDLA accelerator platform, hardware acceleration of the RESNET-50 neural network is achieved, and the image classification task on the ImageNet dataset is completed.

zh-cn	研究结果表明，优化后的NVDLA能显著提高硬件资源使用效率，处理性能最高可达30. 8 fps，实现了较边缘中央处理器(CPU)加速器平台28倍的性能提升。
en-us	The test results show that the optimized NVDLA can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of hardware resources, and the processing performance can reach up to 30. 8 fps, which is a 28 times performance improvement over the edge central processing unit(CPU) accelerator platform.

zh-cn	针对基于区域的目标检测算法中定位精度不高的问题，本文提出了一种分裂机制的改进Faster RCNN算法。
en-us	For the region-based target detection algorithm, there is a general problem that the boundary position is far from the real value. This paper proposes an improved Faster RCNN algorithm using the splitting mechanism.

zh-cn	该算法首先选择特征提取能力强的卷积神经网络(CNN)作为骨干网络进行特征的提取; 然后通过12种不同Anchors产生候选目标区，以进一步提升检测的精确度;
en-us	Firstly, the algorithm selects the convolutional neural network(CNN) with strong feature extraction ability as the backbone network to extract features, and then generates candidate target regions through 12 different anchors to further improve the accuracy of detection.

zh-cn	最后将得到的特征分别传送到两个子网络，分别实现分类与定位。
en-us	Finally, the obtained features are transmitted to two different sub-networks:the classification network is based on the fully-connected structure, and the targets are classified;

zh-cn	分类网络以全连接结构为基础，定位网络则主要由卷积神经网络构成。
en-us	the positioning network is based on the convolutional neural network structure to achieve the target positioning.

zh-cn	本文在Pascal VOC2007和Pascal VOC2012以及吸尘袋图像集上对算法的有效性进行了验证。
en-us	The experiments verify the effectiveness of the algorithm on the Pascal VOC2007 dataset, Pascal VOC2012 dataset and vacuum bag dataset.

zh-cn	结果表明，提出的算法在对目标进行有效检测的同时，定位效果比Faster RCNN更加精确，实现了边界框的精准回归。
en-us	The results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate than the Faster RCNN in the effective detection of the target, and achieves the accurate regression of the bounding box.

zh-cn	在图像分类中，图像标签的获取是昂贵的和费时的。
en-us	In image classification, the acquisition of image labels is expensive and time-consuming.

zh-cn	为了减少标注成本，提出了一种主动半监督深度学习的归纳一致性预测算法(ICP-ASSDL)，该算法使用一种新颖的奇异值度量来产生可靠的置信度。
en-us	In order to reduce the labeling cost, an inductive conformal prediction for active semi-supervised deep learning(ICP-ASSDL) is proposed, which uses a novel singular value metric to produce reliability.

zh-cn	ICP-ASSDL用4个标准(信息质量、边缘抽样、多样性和面向类别度量)从未标记池中选取实例来提高分类性能。
en-us	ICP-ASSDL uses four criteria(information quality, edge sampling, diversity, and category-oriented metrics) to select instances from an unlabeled pool to improve classification performance.

zh-cn	面向类别度量采用蒙德里安一致性预测算法来减弱非平衡问题的影响。
en-us	For category-oriented metrics, the Mondrian consensus prediction algorithm is used to reduce the impact of non-equilibrium problems.

zh-cn	最后通过4个图像数据集(MNIST、FashionMNIST、SVHN和CIFAR10)进行了实验，实验结果表明，相对于其他方法，本文所提出的方法在只有少量标签样本的情况下，可以获得更高的分类精度。
en-us	Finally, through a large number of experiments on four image datasets(MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, SVHN, and CIFAR10), the results show that ICP-ASSDL can achieve higher classification accuracy than other methods with a small number of labeled samples.

zh-cn	传统的虚拟路径漫游是在固定方向路径上的漫游，而实时任意方向上的虚拟路径漫游在路径曲线处有抖动问题且计算量大，使得虚拟现实(V R)场景运行缓慢、晃动和卡顿，给人带来视觉上的晕眩感。
en-us	The traditional virtual path roaming is to roam on the fixed direction path, while the real-time virtual path roaming in any direction has jitter problem at the path curve, and the amount of calculation is large, which makes the virtual reality(VR) scene running slowly, shaking and stuck, and brings visual dizziness.

zh-cn	针对以上问题提出了基于Dynapath算法、微分路径及改进的Cardinal曲线插值算法相结合的优化算法。
en-us	Aiming at the above problems, a new interpolation optimization algorithm is proposed based on Dynapath algorithm, differential path and improved Cardinal curve interpolation algorithm.

zh-cn	使用Dynapath算法规划实时路径和等时间微分路径，并对微分线段等截距处进行初步平滑处理。
en-us	The Dynapath algorithm is used to plan the real-time path and the equal time differential path, and the differential line segment with equal intercept is smoothed preliminarily.

zh-cn	最后对该路径使用改进的Cardinal曲线插值算法拟合出该曲线。
en-us	Finally, the improved Cardinal curve interpolation algorithm is used to fit the path.

zh-cn	测试结果表明，本文算法对实时任意方向虚拟漫游路径的拟合程度优于其他方法，曲线平滑去抖动效果好、计算量小、FPS值稳定。
en-us	The test results show that the fitting degree of the algorithm is better than other methods, the curve is smooth and the jitter is good, the calculation is small, and the FPS value is stable.

zh-cn	提出了一种基于时序A*(TSA*)算法的双机械臂路径规划方法。
en-us	A path planning method of double manipulator is proposed based on time sequence A*(TSA*) algorithm.

zh-cn	主臂在静态环境中进行避障路径规划，从臂以主臂为已知动态障碍物进行路径规划。
en-us	In the static environment, motion planning for the main arm is obtained. Then the main arm is regarded as dynamic obstacles to obtain a feasible motion trajectory of the slave arm.

zh-cn	针对A*算法在高维环境下计算时间急剧增加的问题，引入期望步数Fs避开无效节点，减少计算工作量;
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the computing time of A* algorithm increases sharply in high-dimensional environment, the expected steps Fs are introduced to avoid invalid nodes and reduce the computing workload.

zh-cn	在高维空间搜索时，因open表急剧变大导致维持open表最小二叉堆结构的时间大幅增加，通过对open表进行拆分，进而降低维持open表结构的时间消耗。
en-us	In high-dimensional space search, the time to maintain the minimum binary heap structure of the open table increases greatly due to the sharp increase of the open table, which can be reduced by splitting the open table.

zh-cn	在规划从臂时，通过运动等待策略实现从臂自动做出等待决策。
en-us	When planning the slave arm, the slave arm can automatically make the waiting decision through the motion waiting strategy.

zh-cn	经过仿真实验对比，验证了该算法的有效性和可行性。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and feasible.

zh-cn	针对无人机(UAV)机群在编队飞行过程中可能受机群其他无人机或鸟类等障碍物的影响，基于传统人工势场(APF)的编队避障算法易陷入局部优化解，进而导致无人机机群避障失败的问题，提出了 一种基于改进三维人工势场(3D-APF)的编队避障算法。
en-us	The unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) fleet may be disturbed by other UAVs or obstacles such as birds during formation flying, and the obstacle avoidance algorithm based on the traditional artificial potential field(APF) method is easily trapped in local optimal solution, which will lead to the failure of the UAV fleet to avoid obstacle. In order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above, an obstacle avoidance method for the UAV fleet based on improved three-dimensional artificial potential field(3 D-APF) is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	通过在势场函数中引入一致性理论的通信拓扑和权重等概念，实现无人机机群在分布式结构下的快速编队。
en-us	The concept of communication topology and weight of consensus theory is introduced into the potential field function to realize the rapid formation of UAV fleet in the distributed structure.

zh-cn	然后将z轴势场引入二维势场，并引入与障碍物移动方向垂直的辅助势场以消除算法陷入局部最优化解的缺陷。
en-us	Then the z-axis potential field is introduced into the two-dimensional potential field and the auxiliary potential field perpendicular to the moving direction of the obstacle is introduced to eliminate the defect of the algorithm falling into the local optimization solution.

zh-cn	最后，通过M atlab仿真实验验证了本文算法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by Matlab simulation experiment.

zh-cn	海蛇躯体不同的推进段对推力的贡献不同，侧面压扁成桨状尾部是海蛇自适应进化最典型的特征，显著增强了其运动速度、机动性和效率。
en-us	Different segments of the sea snake contribute to the thrust differently, the lateral flattening into an oar tail is the most typical feature of the sea snake's adaptive evolution, which significantly enhances its movement speed, mobility and efficiency.

zh-cn	本文以柔性蛇尾为研究对象，建立蛇尾摆动流固耦合水动力分析模型，
en-us	This paper takes flexible snake tail as the research object and builds a hydrodynamic analysis model of fluid-structure interaction.

zh-cn	采用求解Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程方法，研究蛇尾尺度参数-运动学参数-推进力之间的动力学关系。
en-us	It uses the method of solving Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations to study the dynamic relationship between kinematics parameters, a serpent scale parameters and propulsion.

zh-cn	以NACA006翼型为基础，分析了不同蛇尾运动频率、幅值以及几何参数对推进力的影响。
en-us	And it uses NACA006 airfoils as the basis to analyze the influence of movement frequency, geometric parameters and amplitude on propulsion.

zh-cn	结果表明，摆动频率和摆动幅值对推进力的影响非独立的，
en-us	This experimental results show that the effects of oscillation frequency and amplitude on the propulsion are non-independent.

zh-cn	本文中模型在摆动频率大于0.7 Hz、摆动幅值小于45°时，推进力随摆动频率、摆动幅值增大而增大;
en-us	When the oscillation frequency of the model is greater than 0. 7 Hz and oscillation amplitude less than 45°, the propulsion increases with the increase of oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude.

zh-cn	在改变蛇尾外形参数优化时，推进力随蛇尾侧面积增加而增加，通过改变弦长增大侧面积的方式有利于增加推进力。
en-us	When changing the shape parameter optimization of the snake tail, the propulsion increases with the increase of the snake tail area. It is conducive to increase propulsion by changing the chord length and expanding the side area.

zh-cn	建筑高度的提升和电梯运行速度的不断增加使电梯的振动呈现出多因素激励下的复杂特性。
en-us	With the rise of building height and the continuous increase of elevator speed, the vibration of elevator presents complex characteristics under the excitation of multiple factors.

zh-cn	电梯的水平振动直接影响乘梯舒适性和安全性。
en-us	The lateral vibration of elevators directly affects the comfort and safety of elevators.

zh-cn	针对高层建筑内的高速电梯由于导轨激励所呈现的水平振动动态特性，在导轨自身不平顺度激励的基础上，综合了导轨随高层建筑物摇摆产生的激励效应，建立了更为适用的电梯轿厢水平振动动力学模型。
en-us	To study dynamic characteristic of lateral vibration on high-speed elevators running in tall buildings due to excitation from guild rails, a more suitable dynamic model is developed. In this model, the excitation from irregularity of the guild rails and their sway effect due to the tall buildings are combined.

zh-cn	利用该模型在典型高层建筑结构内的系列电梯上进行了仿真，在时域和频域下分别对轿厢水平振动的加速度进行了对比分析，并得到了振动加速度响应曲面。
en-us	The model is used to simulate a series of elevators in typical tall buildings. The acceleration of the car is compared and analyzed both in time and frequency domains and the vibration acceleration response surface is obtained.

zh-cn	所建模型可以很好地预测高层建筑内电梯轿厢在导轨激励下的水平振动动力学响应，
en-us	It is shown that with this model applied, the lateral dynamic response of an elevator car due to excitations from guide rails in tall buildings can be predicted.

zh-cn	利用该模型可以为在电梯设计和电梯工程合同配置阶段改善电梯乘梯舒适性和安全性提供理论依据。
en-us	The results presented in this paper may provide reference and guidance to inform the elevator design and elevator configuration to improve the ride-comfort and safety.

zh-cn	应急柴油机(EDG)是保证核电厂安全可靠运行的一级安全设备，
en-us	The emergency diesel engine(EDG) is the first level safety equipment for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the nuclear power plant.

zh-cn	其应急启动成功率是衡量核电站安全等级的关键指标之一，因此对E D G启动过程进行有效监测评估具有重要价值。
en-us	The success rate of the emergency start-up is one of the key indicators to measure the safety level of the nuclear power plant. Therefore, it is of great value to effectively monitor and evaluate the start-up process of EDG.

zh-cn	本文利用在线监测系统采集EDG启动过程数据，
en-us	In this paper, the on-line monitoring system is used to collect the data of the EDG startup process.

zh-cn	考虑瞬变启动数据的不确定性，提出了一种基于云重心模型的EDG启动状态评估方法。
en-us	Considering the uncertainty of transient start-up data, an EDG start-up state evaluation method based on the cloud gravity center model is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，充分结合EDG快速启动特点，选择能够反映E D G启动阶段缸内发火做功和高压空气做功状态的7个特征参数作为评估指标，
en-us	Firstly, according to the characteristics of the rapid start-up of EDG, seven characteristic parameters that can reflect the working state of firing and high-pressure air in the start-up stage are selected as evaluation indexes.

zh-cn	为准确计算特征指标，提出了适用于快速启动过程的瞬时转速优化计算方法和振动信号角域精确重采样方法。
en-us	To accurately calculate the characteristic indexes, an instantaneous speed optimization calculation method and an accurate angle domain resampling method of vibration signal are proposed.

zh-cn	然后，利用云模型在解决随机性和不确定性问题方面的优势，构建综合云评估模型，将云重心评判法引入到EDG启动状态评估中。
en-us	Then, taking the advantages of the cloud model in solving the problems with randomness and uncertainty, a comprehensive cloud evaluation model is constructed, and the cloud barycenter evaluation method is introduced into the EDG start-up state evaluation.

zh-cn	最后，以实际核电现场多次测试数据为分析案例，利用本文提出的特征提取方法和综合云评估模型对测量状态进行评估，验证了所提方法的有效性，为EDG启动状态评估提供了有效途径。
en-us	Finally, the proposed method is verified by using the actual nuclear power field test cases, indcating that it is an effective method for EDG start-up state evaluation.

zh-cn	针对滚动轴承工作环境中含有强烈的环境噪声，其振动信号具有非平稳、非线性特征以及提取特征困难等问题，本文提出一种基于集合经验模态分解(EEMD)的滚动轴承智能故障诊断方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problems that the rolling bearing's working environment contains strong environmental noise, its vibration signal has non-stationary, non-linear features and difficulty in extracting features, an intelligent fault diagnosis of rolling bearings based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) is proposed.

zh-cn	首先通过卷积神经网络(C N N)提取振动信号关键特征，并将提取到的特征向量输入到支持向量机(SVM)中进行故障识别与分类。
en-us	First, the key features of the vibration signal are extracted through a convolutional neural network(CNN), and the extracted feature vectors are input to support vector machine(SVM) for fault identification and classification.

zh-cn	为了提高诊断性能，本文利用集合经验模态分解方法对原始振动信号进行分解，将复杂的振动信号分解为仅包含单一成分的本征模态分量(IMF)，
en-us	In order to improve the diagnostic performance, the set of empirical modal methods are used to decompose the original vibration signal, the complex vibration signal is decomposed into intrinsic mode function(IMF) containing only a single component for feature extraction,

zh-cn	然后利用一维卷积神经网络对IMF进行特征提取，最后采用SVM进行分类。
en-us	and then the one-dimensional convolution neural network is used to perform feature extraction on the IMF, and SVM is finally used for classification.

zh-cn	结果表明，所提出的方法相比于现有方法收敛速度更快，诊断正确率可高达99%，突出了该方法的优越性。
en-us	The experiment results show that the proposed method converges faster than the existing methods, and the diagnostic accuracy rate can be as high as 99%, highlighting the superiority of the method.

zh-cn	为满足车联网中海量数据的采集、传输以及对这些数据的快速处理的需求，可采用移动边缘计算(MEC)技术。
en-us	In order to meet the needs for the collection and transmission of massive data in the Internet of vehicles and the fast processing of these data, mobile edge computing(MEC) technology can be used.

zh-cn	本文考虑移动边缘计算中基站连接方式和物理资源的特点，
en-us	This paper considers the characteristics of base station connection methods and physical resources in mobile edge computing,

zh-cn	对边缘服务器的部署问题进行了分析，
en-us	analyzes the deployment of edge servers,

zh-cn	以部署成本和网络时延为优化目标，
en-us	optimizes deployment costs and network delays,

zh-cn	划分基站集群，
en-us	divides base station clusters,

zh-cn	并使用整数线性规划(ILP)建立模型。
en-us	and builds models using integer linear programming(ILP).

zh-cn	为了获得运行效率更高的边缘服务器部署方案，本文使用分支定界算法和启发式贪婪算法获得优化模型的近似最优解。
en-us	In order to obtain a more efficient edge server deployment scheme, this paper uses branch and bound algorithm and heuristic greedy algorithm to obtain the approximate optimal solution of the optimization model.

zh-cn	实验评估结果显示，分支定界算法和启发式贪婪算法最高可以把边缘服务器部署算法运行时间减少37. 6%。
en-us	The experimental evaluation results show that the branch and bound algorithm and the heuristic greedy algorithm can reduce the running time of the edge server deployment algorithm by up to 37. 6%.

zh-cn	此外，本文分析了用户服务器请求数量和用户服务优先级对算法运行时间和边缘服务器运行成本的影响。
en-us	Moreover, the paper analyzes the impact of the number of user server requests and user service priority on the algorithm running time and edge server running cost.

zh-cn	利用复杂网络分析方法对脑网络的拓扑结构和属性进行分析，探讨高特质焦虑个体情绪注意偏向的脑功能机制。
en-us	The topological structure and attributes of brain network are analyzed by the complex network analysis method to explore the brain function mechanism of emotional attention bias in individuals with high trait anxiety.

zh-cn	选取高特质性焦虑(HTA)和低特质性焦虑(LTA)各15名被试，进行3种情绪面孔表情(高兴、中性和愤怒)的搜索任务，同步记录64导脑电(EEG)。
en-us	Fifteen volunteers with high trait anxiety(HTA) and 15 volunteers with low trait anxiety(LTA) are selected to perform the task of searching for three emotional faces(happy, neutral and angry), and 64-channel electroencephalogram(EEG) is recorded simultaneously.

zh-cn	对EEG数据进行同步似然分析，计算网络的整体属性参数(全局效率、聚类系数和特征路径长度)及节点属性参数(节点度)。
en-us	Synchronous likelihood analysis is performed on EEG, the overall attribute parameters(global efficiency, clustering coefficient and characteristic path length) and node attribute parameters(node degree) of the network are calculated.

zh-cn	组内统计分析显示，HTA和LTA两组被试均表现为，愤怒面孔搜索任务下额叶与颞叶节点度、聚类系数及全局效率明显大于其高兴面孔和中性面孔的值，而特征路径长度小于高兴面孔和中性面孔的值。
en-us	The intra-group statistical analysis shows that in both the HTA and LTA groups, the node degrees of frontal and temporal lobe, clustering coefficient and global efficiency under angry face search task are significantly larger than the values of happy and neutral faces, while the characteristic path length is smaller than those of happy and neutral faces.

zh-cn	组间统计结果表明，3种面孔搜索任务下HTA组额叶与颞叶节点度值均明显大于LTA组的值，
en-us	The statistical analysis between groups shows that the node degrees of frontal and temporal lobe in HTA group are significantly larger than those in LTA group under the three face search tasks.

zh-cn	尤其是愤怒面孔搜索任务下二组的差异更加明显(P <0. 001);
en-us	In particular, the difference between the HTA and LTA groups is more obvious(P <0. 001) under the angry face search task.

zh-cn	愤怒面孔搜索任务下，HTA组被试的节点属性参数及整体属性参数均与LTA组有显著差异，
en-us	Both the node attribute parameters and the overall attribute parameters of the HTA group are significantly different from those of the LTA group under the anger face search task,

zh-cn	而高兴面孔和中性面孔搜索任务下，HTA组被试仅节点属性参数与LTA组有显著差异，整体属性参数无显著差异。
en-us	while there is significant difference only in node attribute parameters(not in the overall attribute parameters) between the HTA and LTA groups under happy and neutral face search tasks.

zh-cn	以上结果表明，HTA个体对情绪信息(尤其是负性情绪信息)更加敏感，其神经机制可能与额、颞叶活动及脑网络信息传输能力异常增强有关。
en-us	As a result, HTA individuals are sensitive to emotional(especially negative emotional) information, the neural mechanism may be related to enhanced activity of frontal and temporal lobes and enhanced activity of brain network information transmission.

zh-cn	本研究从脑网络水平探讨了 HTA个体情绪认知的脑功能特点，可为焦虑症、抑郁症等精神障碍的认知功能神经机制研究提供新视角。
en-us	This study explores the brain function characteristics of emotional cognition in HTA individuals from the level of brain network, which can provide a new perspective for revealing the cognitive neural mechanism of mental disorders such as anxiety disorder and depression.

zh-cn	随着互联网用户数量的迅速增长，Web服务面临着巨大的访问压力，对Web服务器持续提供服务提出了更高的要求。
en-us	With the development of information technology and exploding of the number of Internet users, Web services are facing huge access pressure, which puts forward higher requirements for Web servers to provide services continuously.

zh-cn	当负载过重时可能会导致服务器宕机等严重状况，从而影响Web服务器对用户HTTP请求的响应，进而影响服务质量，因此Web服务器集群需要更好地响应用户请求。
en-us	Web server overloading can lead to serious conditions such as server downtime, which can affect the response to the users' HTTP requests and thus impacting the quality of experience.

zh-cn	本文提出了一种基于用户体验的动态负载均衡算法(QRFS)，在保证用户满意度的前提下，兼顾服务器的负载和请求调度的公平性。
en-us	A quality of experience-based request fair scheduling(QRFS) algorithm is proposed, which gives consideration of different types of requests and users' priority, with the goal of ensuring user satisfaction and achieving good fairness and requests distribution among server nodes.

zh-cn	实验表明，QRFS算法能够获得更好的用户满意度。
en-us	Experiments show that QRFS achieves better user satisfaction than the weighted round robin(WRR) algorithm and the weighted least connection(WLC) algorithm.

zh-cn	此外，在请求的平均响应时间上，QRFS算法较加权轮询(WRR)算法提高了 12%，较加权最小连接数(WLC)算法提高了 11%;
en-us	Besides, QRFS improves the average response time by 12% compared to WRR, and 11% compared to WLC.

zh-cn	在服务器负载的均衡性上，QRFS算法取得了更好的效果，节点间的负载方差更小。
en-us	In terms of load balance of the server, QRFS algorithm achieves smaller load variance.

zh-cn	针对传统调度算法在高危多变环境下实现多目标在线调度所面临的困境，提出基于深度强化学习的调度优化算法，
en-us	Aiming at the predicament faced by traditional scheduling algorithms to achieve multi-objective online scheduling in high-risk and variable environments, a scheduling algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed.

zh-cn	并应用于大规模舰载机出动回收多目标在线调度问题中。
en-us	This method applies to the multi-objective online scheduling problem of large-scale carrier aircraft dispatch and recovery.

zh-cn	该方法以减小舰面位移、减少会遇次数、均衡设备利用率和稳定调度周期作为调度决策目标，
en-us	This approach takes the reduction of deck displacement and the number of meets, the stability of the scheduling cycle, the balance of equipment utilization as the scheduling multi-objective.

zh-cn	依照马尔可夫决策过程(MDP)，构造以舰载机和各设备状态作为输入，调度行为动作作为输出，带权特征向量作为奖赏的在线调度即时决策模型。
en-us	According to the Markov decision process(MDP), the model is built, which uses the aircraft and equipment's states as inputs, the behavior value function as the outputs and weighted feature vectors as the reward.

zh-cn	搭建用于训练的优化深度强化学习网络，改进动作选择策略和网络结构以提升性能，从而实现在线调度决策优化。
en-us	Then, an optimized deep reinforcement learning network is built for training, improving action selection strategies and neural network's training performance.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，利用该方法得到的决策模型能够在线解决突发状况，在静态和动态调度方面，相对于启发式算法和调度规则本文方法在安全性和高效性方面具有优势。
en-us	Experiment results show that the decision model obtained can be processed immediately with the emergency, while compared with the scheduling rules and heuristic algorithm for scheduling multi-objective decision-making problems, the method has significant advantages on security and flexibility.

zh-cn	保密容量最大化是物理层安全(PLS)的主要目标。
en-us	Maximizing the secrecy capacity is a key goal of physical layer security(PLS).

zh-cn	本文首先利用到达角(AOA)估计窃听者位置，
en-us	In this paper, the location of an eavesdropper is estimated based on angle of arrival(AOA) at first.

zh-cn	然后通过向窃听者发送人工噪声增大保密容量，
en-us	Then, through sending artificial noise to the eavesdropper for increasing the secrecy capacity,

zh-cn	并联合优化人工噪声和有用信号的波束成形向量，
en-us	and jointly optimizing the beamforming vectors of artificial noise and information signals,

zh-cn	实现人工噪声发射机传输功率最小和系统保密容量最大的多目标优化。
en-us	the multi-objective optimization that minimizes transmission power of the artificial noise and maximizes the secrecy capacity is obtained.

zh-cn	针对此多目标优化问题的非凸性，利用半定规划(SDP)松弛将其转化为凸优化问题后求解。
en-us	The multi-objective optimization problem is nonconvex and converted to a convex optimization problem via semi-definite programming(SDP) relaxation.

zh-cn	数值仿真结果表明，本文所提多目标优化方法明显改善了系统的保密性能，
en-us	The results show that the proposed multi-objective optimization method can improve the secrecy performance obviously.

zh-cn	同时通过调整保密容量和人工噪声发射机传输功率所对应的权重，实现了资源的有效分配和合理利用。
en-us	Moreover, the effective allocation and reasonable utilization of resources are obtained by adjusting the weights of the secrecy capacity and the transmission power of the artificial noise.

zh-cn	最大覆盖选址问题在物流配送中具有重要的应用意义。
en-us	The maximum coverage location problem has an important application significance in logistics distribution.

zh-cn	为了充分考虑现有城市道路的网络特性，建立了基于地理信息系统(GIS)的最大覆盖双层选址分配模型。
en-us	In order to fully consider the network characteristics of the existing urban roads, a double-layer location allocation model based on geographic information system(GIS) is established.

zh-cn	首先，该模型考虑实际路网的起始-目的地(OD)成本与多配送中心协同供给资源的可能性，在选择配送中心的位置使覆盖的总需求量最大化的同时保证较低的运输分配成本;
en-us	The model considers the origin-destination(OD) cost of the actual road network and the collaborative supply of resources by multiple distribution centers, and ensures the lower transportation allocation cost while maximizing the total demand of coverage by selecting the location of distribution center.

zh-cn	其次，为了确定配送中心选址的位置及各个需求点分配到的物资比例，
en-us	In addition, the location of distribution center and the proportion of materials allocated to each demand point are determined,

zh-cn	利用精英保留策略的免疫遗传算法进行选址-分配的优化，
en-us	and the immune genetic algorithm with elitist retention strategy is used to optimize the location allocation,

zh-cn	并以杭州市某区为实例验证了所提方法的有效性;
en-us	and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by an example case study of a district of Hangzhou city based on GIS.

zh-cn	最后，实现了融合GIS技术与优化算法的选址系统。
en-us	Finally, a location system integrating GIS technology and optimization algorithm is realized.

zh-cn	针对低速水流场速度测量中要求更高测速精度难题，提出了满足测流环境约束使得测速精度最优的声呐波形参数动态设置方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of requiring higher velocity accuracy in velocity measurement of low-speed current, a dynamic setting method of coherent Doppler sonar's waveform parameters is proposed, this method can meet the constraints of measurement environment and make the velocity estimation accuracy optimal.

zh-cn	基于模糊函数和参量估计理论，研究了相干脉冲串信号测速精度与其波形参数的关系，
en-us	Based on the theory of ambiguity function and parameter estimation, the relationship between the velocity accuracy of coherent pulse train and its waveform parameters is studied.

zh-cn	详细分析了流速范围、探测距离和流场分布等环境因素对波形参数取值的约束，
en-us	The constraints of environmental factors such as velocity range, detection distance and flow field distribution on the waveform parameters are analyzed in detail.

zh-cn	利用非线性规划方法得到测速精度最优的波形参数计算方法。
en-us	The nonlinear programming method is used to obtain the formulas of waveform parameters which makes the velocity accuracy optimal.

zh-cn	实验结果证明了所提波形设计方法的正确性和实用性。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed waveform design method is correct and practical.

zh-cn	本文用快速非线性模型预测控制方法进行了非完整移动机器人路径跟踪问题的研究。
en-us	A fast nonlinear model predictive control method is used to study the trajectory tracking problem of nonholonomic mobile robots.

zh-cn	采用虚拟目标跟踪法建立非完整移动机器人路径跟踪问题的非线性系统，转化为以Bolza形式的最优控制问题模型。
en-us	A nonlinear system model of the path tracking problem of a nonholonomic mobile robot is established using the virtual target tracking method, which is transformed into an optimal control problem model in the form of Bolza.

zh-cn	通过一种障碍函数法处理不等式约束将其整合至性能指标函数中，
en-us	It is integrated into the performance index function by processing an inequality constraint using a barrier function method.

zh-cn	基于拉格朗日乘数法建立最优化必要条件的线性方程组，
en-us	The Lagrangian multiplier method is used to establish a set of linear equations for optimization.

zh-cn	以连续/广义极小残余算法(C/GMRES)为计算核心求解线性方程组并引入多重打靶法增加数值精度，
en-us	The continuation/general minimum residual(C/GMRES) algorithm is used as the calculation core to solve the linear equations and the multiple shooting method is introduced to increase the numerical accuracy.

zh-cn	同时提出一种优化求解方法降低算法计算负载。
en-us	At the same time, an optimized solution method is introduced to reduce the calculation of the control method's load.

zh-cn	仿真对比结果表明，所提控制方法在满足实时性与保证控制精度的条件下具有更高的计算效率。
en-us	The simulation comparison results show that the proposed control method has higher calculation efficiency under the conditions of real-time performance and guaranteed control accuracy.

zh-cn	最后通过实验结果证明所提出的控制方法在非完整移动机器人路径跟踪过程中的有效性。
en-us	Finally, experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method in nonholonomic mobile robot path tracking.

zh-cn	根据手指生理学特性及手指间的运动特性，对三指操作单位球体运动过程进行了分析，
en-us	Based on the physiological characteristics of fingers and the motion characteristics between fingers, the sphere motion process of the three-finger operation unit is analyzed.

zh-cn	设计了手指的运动步态模式并讨论了操作过程指尖的运动特点及指尖运动轨迹规律。
en-us	Then the gait pattern of the finger motion is designed, and the motion characteristics of the fingertips during the operation and the laws of the fingertip motion trajectory are discussed.

zh-cn	采用NOKOV软件视觉捕捉系统，对手指操作过程的物体转动速度和手指运动轨迹进行了测定，并对三指转动操作运动进行解析模拟和对比。
en-us	Using the NOKOV software visual capture system, the object rotation speed and finger movement trajectory of the finger operation process are measured, and the three-finger rotation operation motion is analyzed, simulated and compared.

zh-cn	结果表明，人手操作目标物体的手指转动运动符合规划步态的运动规律。
en-us	The experimental results show that the finger rotation movement of the target object by man's hand conforms to the movement law of the planned gait.

zh-cn	研究结果对手指重定位物体的运动仿真和手内操作的步态规划具有指导意义。
en-us	The research results are instructive for the motion simulation of finger repositioning objects and the gait planning of in-hand operations.

zh-cn	公交车到达时间的精准预测是共享公交专用道研究的基础，为此基于车辆车载自动诊断系统(OBD)数据提出一种基于证据理论优化高斯过程回归(DS-GPR)的公交车到达时间预测方法。
en-us	The accurate prediction of bus arrival time is the basis of the study of shared bus lanes. Based on the vehicle on board diagnostics(OBD) data, Gaussian process regression(DS-GPR) for bus arrival time prediction with evidence theory optimization is proposed.

zh-cn	首先分析影响公交车到达时间的影响因素，
en-us	Firstly, the influencing factors of bus arrival time are analyzed, and then the hyper parameters of the model are obtained by historical data training.

zh-cn	随后通过历史融合数据训练得到模型的超参数，并且最终通过D-S证据理论为高斯过程的回归输出分布分配全局信任度，得到当前时刻信任度最优的输出值。
en-us	Then, the optimal output values are selected from the regression output distribution of Caussian process with the global trust degree allocated according to D-S theory.

zh-cn	最后通过实例对DS-GPR模型的预测性能进行对比分析，证明了 DS-GPR模型对公交车到达时间的良好预测性能。
en-us	Finally, the prediction performance of DS-GPR model is analyzed by comparing with other models. It is proved that DS-GPR model has good prediction performance for bus arrival time.

zh-cn	针对分布式系统应用规模大、范围广、运行环境复杂的特征，分析分布式交互平台在功能和性能上的需求，设计并实现了 一个基于发布/订阅机制的实时交互平台NetDDS。
en-us	According to the large scale, wide application and complex running environment of distributed systems, the functionality and performance of distributed interactive platforms are studied, and a real-time interactive platform named NetDDS based on publish/subscribe mechanism is designed and implemented.

zh-cn	采取分层设计的思想，依次从分发服务层、QoS保障层和数据传输层3个方面完成实时交互平台的构建，提供基于发布/订阅机制的数据同步功能、灵活可配置的服务质量保障机制以及基于以太网的多协议数据传输机制，
en-us	The hierarchical design idea is adopted to build the middleware from the distribution service, QoS guarantee and data transmission layers, providing the data synchronization function based on the publish/subscribe mechanism, flexible and configurable quality of service guarantee mechanism and multi-protocol data transmission mechanism based on Ethernet.

zh-cn	确保了数据传输的实时性、正确性与可靠性。
en-us	The proposed middleware guarantees the real-time, correctness and reliability of data transmission.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该交互平台具有较低的消息更新延迟，能满足分布式应用中数据分发对实时性的要求。
en-us	Experiment results show that the middleware has a low message update delay and meets the requirements of real-time data distribution in distributed applications.

zh-cn	根据商品车、轿运车主要几何特征，分别对商品车结构和轿运车结构建模。
en-us	According to the main geometric features of the finished vehicle and transport vehicle, the geometry structure modeling of finished vehicle and transport vehicle are carried out respectively.

zh-cn	考虑多目的地不同订单需求、商品车配载三维尺寸约束和轿运车运输能力约束为限制条件，以混合配载利润最大化为目标函数，建立轿运车配载优化模型。
en-us	Considering the constraint of different orders of multi-destinations, three-dimensional of finished vehicle and the constraint of capacity of transport vehicle, a mixed loading optimization modeling of the transport vehicle is built in order to get the max profits.

zh-cn	针对禁忌搜索算法易局部收敛的缺点，引入贪心算法，并在禁忌搜索算法中采用两种置换操作生成领域，
en-us	In view of the local converge shortcoming of tabu search algorithm, a greedy algorithm is introduced, and two permutation operations are used to generate the domain of Tabu search algorithm,

zh-cn	进而设计了 一种改进的禁忌搜索算法进行求解，应用Matlab软件进行仿真计算，
en-us	and then an improved tabu search algorithm is designed to solve the problem with Matlab.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果证明了算法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is proved by simulation experiments.

zh-cn	为了解我国钛铝合金材料领域知识产权状况，基于Incopat专利数据库对我国钛铝合金材料领域专利文献进行检索收集、数据统计和计量分析，
en-us	To understand the status of intellectual property rights in the field of titanium aluminum alloy materials in China, the paper, based on Incopat patent database, carries out retrieval collection, data statistics and econometric analysis of patent documents in the field of titanium aluminum alloy materials in China.

zh-cn	分析了专利申请趋势、技术构成、地区分布、主要创新主体、主要发明人、重要创新主体、关键研发技术、重点专利情况，揭示出我国钛铝合金材料发展态势。
en-us	And it analyzes patent application trend, technology composition, regional distribution, main innovation subjects, main inventors, important innovation subjects, key R&D technologies, key patents, and so forth, and reveals the development trend of titanium aluminum alloy technology in China.

zh-cn	研究发现，专利申请主体集中在高校和科研院所;
en-us	The study shows that patent applicants are concentrated in universities and scientific research institutes.

zh-cn	哈尔滨工业大学、北京科技大学、西北工业大学是重要创新主体;
en-us	Harbin Institute of Technology, University of Science & Technology Beijing, and Northwestern Polytechnical University are important innovation subjects.

zh-cn	来华专利申请人以日本、美国和德国为主; 专利申请涉及精密铸造、熔模铸造、焊接等技术主题。
en-us	The patent applicants in China are mainly from Japan, the United States and Germany, and the patent applications involve some technical topics such as precision casting, investment casting, and welding.

zh-cn	针对物联网控制规则在实际应用中，由于延迟触发执行导致物联网系统引发不同程度的控制安全事故，
en-us	Aiming at the control rules of the Internet of Things in the practical application, the Internet of Things system causes different degrees of control security accidents due to the delayed trigger execution.

zh-cn	本文基于规则的实时特性提出了一种面向物联网控制规则的端云动态分配方法(EasiDEP)，
en-us	Based on the real-time characteristics of the rules, this paper proposes an end-cloud dynamic allocation method(EasiDEP) for the control rules of the Internet of Things system,

zh-cn	以提高物联网系统控制规则的实时性。
en-us	so as to improve the real-time performance of the control rules of the Internet of Things system.

zh-cn	首先，根据规则之间的相关性以及实时特性，提出了一种规则聚类算法，将规则库中的规则分为实时和无实时规则;
en-us	Firstly, according to the correlation between rules and real-time characteristics, a rule clustering algorithm is proposed, which divides the rules in the rule base into real-time and non-real-time rules.

zh-cn	然后，基于规则聚类结果提出一种端云动态规则分配方法，将实时规则分发至云端和本地规则服务端同时处理，提高实时规则的触发执行率。
en-us	Then, based on the result of rule clustering, a dynamic rule allocation method is proposed to distribute real-time rules to the cloud and local rule server for simultaneous processing, so as to improve the execution rate of real-time rules.

zh-cn	最后，通过实验验证了EasiDEP能够有效地提高物联网控制规则的实时触发执行率，降低系统发生控制安全事故的风险。
en-us	Finally, the experiment verifies that EasiDEP can effectively improve the real-time trigger execution rate of Internet of Things control rules and reduce the risk of control security accidents.

zh-cn	考虑输入仿射非线性约束系统的安全与经济优化控制问题，提出一种约束非线性系统高效安全经济模型预测控制(SEMPC)策略。
en-us	This paper considers the safety and economic optimization control problems of input-affine constrained nonlinear systems and an efficient safe economic model predictive control(SEMPC) strategy is proposed for constrained nonlinear systems.

zh-cn	首先引入控制李雅普诺夫障碍函数(CLBF)概念，设计系统运行安全约束和参数化非线性局部控制律。
en-us	Firstly, the concept of control Lyapunov-barrier function(CLBF) is introduced to design the safe operation constraints and parameterized nonlinear local control laws of the system.

zh-cn	为平衡SEMPC的在线计算量和经济优化性能，构造约束非线性系统的参数化双模模型预测控制(MPC)控制器，
en-us	In order to make a trade-off between the online computational burden and economic optimization performance of SEMPC, the parameterized dual-mode MPC controller is constructed for the constrained nonlinear system.

zh-cn	其中，控制器自由参数在系统状态进入终端域后在线优化确定。
en-us	The free parameters of the dual-mode MPC are calculated online when the states of the system enter the terminal domain.

zh-cn	进一步，应用双模控制原理和控制李雅普诺夫函数性质，证明SEMPC策略的递推可行性和闭环系统的渐近稳定性。
en-us	Moreover, recursive feasibility of the SEMPC and asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system are established by the dual-mode control principle and the properties of control Lyapunov function(CLF).

zh-cn	最后，通过对一连续搅拌釜反应器的安全、经济和稳定控制的仿真实验，验证了本文策略的有效性。
en-us	Finally, a simulation experiment of safety, economic and stabilizing control of a continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR) is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

zh-cn	负荷预测是电力系统中最重要的工作之一，准确的负荷预测可以帮助决策者合理地进行电网资源的调度，对保持电网高效、稳定、安全、经济地运行具有重要的作用。
en-us	Load forecasting is one of the most important tasks in the power system. Accurate load forecasting is able to help decision makers to reasonably dispatch grid resources, which plays an important role in maintaining efficient, stable, safe, and economic operation of the power grid.

zh-cn	随着智能电网的发展，用户的用电数据呈指数增长，这促进了负荷预测研究的快速发展。
en-us	With the development of smart grids, the exponential growth of users' electricity consumption data has promoted the rapid development of load forecasting research.

zh-cn	特别是近年来负荷预测领域的技术已经发生了巨大的转变，很多传统的负荷预测方法逐渐被更加精确的基于数据驱动的深度学习方法所取代。
en-us	Especially in recent years, the technology in the field of load forecasting has undergone huge changes. Many traditional load forecasting methods have gradually been replaced by more accurate data-driven deep learning methods.

zh-cn	本文综述了近年来深度学习方法在短期负荷预测领域的发展，
en-us	This paper reviews the development of deep learning methods in the short-term load prediction field in recent years,

zh-cn	并对深度学习在短期负荷预测中的最新成果进行了总结与深入分析，
en-us	summarizes and analyzes the latest researches of deep learning in short-term load prediction,

zh-cn	最后对短期负荷预测领域未来的发展进行了展望。
en-us	and finally looks into the future development of the short-term load forecasting research.

zh-cn	考虑网联车辆自适应巡航控制系统中的无线监控网络受到虚假数据注入攻击下的车辆状态估计问题，提出了一种状态估计方法重构网联车辆系统中的车辆状态。
en-us	This paper considers the state estimation problem of the connected vehicles when the wireless monitoring network in the adaptive cruise control system of the connected vehicle is under the false data injection attack. A state secure estimation method is proposed to reconstruct the vehicle state in the connected vehicle system.

zh-cn	首先建立自适应巡航控制系统模型和无线监控网络中的虚假数据注入攻击模型;
en-us	First, the adaptive cruise control system model and the false injection attack model in the wireless monitoring network are established.

zh-cn	再根据车辆巡航状态被损坏的数据，利用压缩感知原理，将网联车辆巡航状态安全估计问题描述为L1范数优化问题;
en-us	Then, based on the corrupted data, the compressed sensing principle is used and the secure estimation problem of the connected vehicle cruise state is described as the L1norm optimization problem.

zh-cn	进而根据S稀疏性重构网联车辆自适应巡航状态;
en-us	Furthermore, the initial state of the connected vehicle's cruise state is reconstructed based on S-sparsity.

zh-cn	最后，通过典型车辆自适应巡航场景仿真验证该方法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by simulation of typical vehicle cruise scenarios.

zh-cn	对作者合著网络进行社区划分有助于挖掘科研人员的合作和交流模式。
en-us	The community detection in co-authorship networks is of great significance for understanding the cooperation and communication patterns of researchers.

zh-cn	采用Louvain算法将C-DBLP作者发文合作关系公开数据集进行了社区划分，并采用模块度对划分结果进行评估。
en-us	In this paper, Louvain algorithm is used in community detection in CDBLP dataset, and the results are evaluated by modularity.

zh-cn	结果表明，Louvain算法能够快速高效地处理具有数千个节点的网络，与LED算法和GN算法相比，能更有效地进行社区划分。
en-us	Louvain algorithm can efficiently deal with networks with thousands of nodes, compared with the LED algorithm and G-N algorithm, it's more effectively in the community detection.

zh-cn	研究结果揭示了各个学科不同的合作交流模式，有助于挖掘潜在的合作团体，为学科合作研究提供帮助。
en-us	The results reveal different disciplines' cooperation and communication mode, helping to mining potential cooperative groups and helping for collaborative research.

zh-cn	传统以网络为中心的移动网络运维往往是在接到用户投诉时才采取相应补救措施，随着移动互联网(OTT)业务的高速发展，这一问题愈发突出。
en-us	Traditional network-centric mobile network operation often takes corresponding remedial measures when receiving user complaints about service quality. With the rapid development of over-the-top(OTT) services, this problem has become increasingly prominent.

zh-cn	如何在监测用户业务感知的基础上对用户业务质量进行预测预警并及时干预，是提高移动业务保障能力和网络运维智能化水平的重要手段。
en-us	How to predict and warn the user's service quality and timely intervene based on the service perception monitoring is an important means to improve the intelligence of network operation.

zh-cn	本文利用从普通用户终端上采集的海量业务感知数据，重点针对网页浏览业务，研究了ML-ReliefF算法在业务感知采样数据降维中的应用。
en-us	In this paper, the service perception data crowdsensed from massive user terminals are utilized, focusing on the web browsing service, and the ML-ReliefF algorithm in the dimension reduction of service perception data is applied.

zh-cn	在此基础上，将特征选择结果与多标记k近邻(kNN)算法相结合，提出了基于特征加权的多标记k近邻算法应用于业务关键质量指标(KQI)预测。
en-us	On this basis, combined with the feature selection results with the multi-label k-nearest neighbor(ML-kNN) algorithm, a feature weighted key quality indicator(ML-kNN for KQI) prediction is proposed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方法可有效提高KQI预测质量。
en-us	Experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the quality of key quality indicator(KQI) prediction.

zh-cn	为解决当前单一的弯曲/伸展辅助运动的软体康复手套不能提供手部完整的运动动作支持，对脑卒中后肌张力异常导致的手部运动障碍康复效果欠佳，
en-us	To solve the issue that the existing soft rehabilitation gloves only with flexion/extension function cannot provide full range motion support, which is not good for the rehabilitation of hand movement disorders caused by abnormal muscle tone after stroke.

zh-cn	设计了一种新的纤维强化并联腔道式软体驱动器(SPA)结构，
en-us	A new fiber-reinforced parallel cavity-type soft pneumatic actuator(SPA) is designed.

zh-cn	该结构能够在三路组合压力驱动下实现三维方向致动，实现对手部伸展/弯曲、外展/内收、对掌/复位及其复合动作的支持。
en-us	The new SPA can realize three-dimensional actuation under 3-channel pressures, supporting complex motion of extension/flexion, abduction/adduction and adduction/abduction.

zh-cn	通过对手部基本动作元的分析，设计了新的驱动器结构，
en-us	In this research, first, based on the analysis of action elements of human hand, a SPA structure is designed,

zh-cn	利用有限元工具对设计参数进行了验证，并建立了运动学描述模型;
en-us	then design parameters are verified using a finite element analysis tool and kinematic modeling is also established.

zh-cn	给出了新驱动器的制备方法，并对制备的新驱动器进行了加载测试和软体康复手套样机操作测试。
en-us	Then, the preparation method of SPA is given. Load tests of SPA and manipulation tasks of a fabricated soft glove are conducted.

zh-cn	测试结果表明，所设计的驱动器能够实现复合运动模式下的多指协同动作，支持手部运动多模式的辅助康复，并显著提升患者手部敏捷交互操作能力。
en-us	The results show that a glove with the designed SPAs can realize cooperative finger motions under complex actuation mode, and supports full range of finger motion assistance, which significantly improves patients' manipulation dexterity.

zh-cn	设计了一种剪切型粘滞阻尼器结构，研究其对斜齿圆柱齿轮轴系的振动控制规律。
en-us	A shear viscous damper structure is designed to study the vibration control law of helical cylindrical gear shafts.

zh-cn	对该剪切型粘滞阻尼器的结构特点和减振耗能特性进行了介绍，
en-us	The structural characteristics and energy dissipation characteristics of the shear viscous damper are introduced.

zh-cn	在此基础上，搭建了一级斜齿圆柱齿轮传动实验台，
en-us	On this basis, a first-grade helical cylindrical gear transmission test-bed is built,

zh-cn	实验研究了粘滞阻尼器对斜齿圆柱齿轮轴系的减振特性。
en-us	and the vibration reduction characteristics of helical cylindrical gear shafts with viscous damper are experimentally studied.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在较宽的转速范围区间，粘滞阻尼器可以同时抑制斜齿圆柱齿轮轴系水平和轴向的振动，
en-us	The experimental results show that the viscous damper can suppress the horizontal and axial vibration of helical cylindrical gear shafts at the same time in a wide speed range,

zh-cn	有效改善齿轮副的啮合状态，衰减其冲击振动，减小振动激励。
en-us	effectively improve the engaging status of the gear pair, attenuate the impact vibration and reduce the vibration excitation.

zh-cn	粘滞阻尼器可以大幅抑制斜齿圆柱齿轮系统啮合频率的高次谐波成分的振动。
en-us	This viscous damper can greatly reduce the vibration of highorder harmonic components of the meshing frequency of helical cylindrical gear system.

zh-cn	阻尼器不同安装位置的振动数据表明，在主、从动轴上同时安装粘滞阻尼器的减振效果要优于单轴安装阻尼器，
en-us	The vibration data of different installation positions of the damper show that the damping effect of installing viscous dampers on the driving and driven shafts at the same time is better than that of the single shaft's damper installation.

zh-cn	因此，在实际应用中，要尽可能将粘滞阻尼器安装于振动较大的轴系，以获得理想的减振效果。
en-us	Therefore, in practical application, the viscous damper should be installed on the shaft with larger vibration as much as possible to obtain the ideal vibration reduction effect.

zh-cn	针对传统蚁群算法(ACO)收敛速度慢、全局搜索能力不佳、易陷入局部最优、路径不光滑及不安全等缺点，本文提出一种将改进的蚁群算法和非线性支持向量机(SVM)结合的移动机器人路径规划算法。
en-us	Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional ant colony algorithm(ACO), such as slow convergence speed, poor global search ability, easy to fall into local optimum, unsmooth and unsafe path, a path planning algorithm for mobile robot is proposed, which combines the improved ant colony algorithm and nonlinear support vector machine(SVM).

zh-cn	对传统蚁群算法引入两个角度信息，增加算法的朝向性，克服局部最优问题;
en-us	Two angle information is introduced to the traditional ant colony algorithm to increase the direction of the algorithm and overcome the local optimization problem.

zh-cn	信息素挥发因子随迭代次数自适应调整，加快全局搜索能力和收敛速度。
en-us	The pheromone volatility factor is adjusted adaptively with the number of iterations to improve the global search ability and convergence speed.

zh-cn	在此基础上结合高斯径向基核最小二乘支持向量机，采用提出的改进蚁群算法获得支持向量机的惩罚系数和核函数宽度，利用径向基核函数和决策函数在改进蚁群算法的路径转向位置处训练优化，得到平滑及安全的路径。
en-us	Basis on this, combined with the Gaussian radial basis kernel least squares support vector machine, the improved ant colony algorithm is used to obtain the penalty coefficient and kernel function width of the support vector machine, the radial basis kernel function and decision function are used to train and optimize the improved ant colony algorithm path turning position to obtain a smooth and safe path.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，提出的算法不但可以有效提高收敛速度和精度，而且使得路径光滑且安全。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the convergence speed and accuracy, and make the oath smooth and safe.

zh-cn	为了能够充分地描述路况信息，本文采集髋关节角度、加速度运动信息和前后脚底压力信息作为识别信号源，
en-us	The prosthetic motion information of gyroscope and acceleration sensors in the prosthetic socket are used as the data source, and the foot pressure switch information auxiliary analysis is used.

zh-cn	采用改进的D-S(Dempster/Shafer)证据理论方法将陀螺仪传感器和加速度传感器信息融合，从而对假肢穿戴者行走的各路况运动模式进行有效的预识别。
en-us	The improved method of D-S theory combined with distance function is used to fuse the correlation coefficient, thereby to pre-recognize walking mode effectively.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，基于改进证据理论数据融合的动力型下肢假肢运动模式预识别方法可有效地对上楼梯、下楼梯、上斜坡、下斜坡、平地行走5类运动模式进行预识别。
en-us	The experimental results show that five walking mode including upstairs, downstairs, uphill, downhill, level walking can be pre-identified by walking mode pre-recognition of power lower limb prosthesis based on the data fusion of improved D-S theory.

zh-cn	该技术对动力型假肢的研制具有重要的实用价值。
en-us	The method has important practical value to develop the technology of dynamic prosthesis.

zh-cn	在栅格地图环境下，传统A*算法搜索路径时选取的路径点受限于栅格中心，并且路径的转折角度固定为特定的离散值，因此存在长度非最优以及冗余转折较多的问题。
en-us	In a grid map environment, the path points selected by the traditional A*algorithm for searching a path are limited by the grid center, and the turning angle of the path is fixed to some specific discrete values, so there are problems of non-optimal length and many redundant transitions.

zh-cn	为此，提出一种新启发搜索策略下的改进A*算法。
en-us	In this paper, an improved A*algorithm under a new heuristic search strategy is proposed.

zh-cn	在探索当前节点的每个邻域节点时，将邻域点父节点的选取范围扩大到从当前点至起始点的整个支路，
en-us	When exploring each adjacent node of the current node, the selection range of the parent node of the adjacent point is expanded to the entire branch from the current point to the starting point,

zh-cn	采用邻域点与支路上的点直接相连的方式，找到所需真实代价G最小的安全路径，
en-us	and adopt the way that the adjacent points are directly connected to the points on the branch road to find the safe path with the smallest real cost G.

zh-cn	此时支路上对应的点便为该邻域点的父节点。
en-us	At this time, the corresponding point on the branch is the parent node of the adjacent point.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，改进算法能够有效提高路径质量，即规划的路径长度更短、转折更少。
en-us	Experimental results show that the improved algorithm can effectively improve the path quality, that is, the planned path length is shorter and the number of turns is less.

zh-cn	与此同时，真实代价G和预估代价F之间的偏差降低，启发函数的启发能力增强，寻路效率也有所提高。
en-us	At the same time, the deviation between the real cost G and the estimated cost F is reduced, the heuristic ability of the heuristic function is enhanced, and the pathfinding efficiency is also improved.

zh-cn	为了满足多关节潜器(MAUV)在深海进行精细化探测的需要，实现其在基线长度实时变化的情况下仍能进行高精度定位，设计并实现了一种适用于MAUV的变基线定位系统。
en-us	In order to meet the need of refined detection of multi-joint autonomous underwater vehicle(MAUV) in deep sea and to realize its high-precision positioning under the real-time change of baseline length, a variable baseline positioning system for MAUV is designed and developed.

zh-cn	该定位系统通过水听器阵列获得潜标发射的线性调频(LFM)水声信号，利用同步时延估计算法得到时延信息;
en-us	The variable baseline positioning system includes a beacon located near the sea bed which emitts linear frequency modulation(LFM) acoustic signal, and a hydrophone array mounts on MAUV to receive the signal.

zh-cn	辅助以光纤陀螺仪、关节转角传感器数据，通过基线解算算法更新基线长度及姿态参数;
en-us	The time delay of the signal is calculated by a synchronous time delay estimation algorithm; added data from fiber optic gyroscope and turning angle sensor, the baseline length and attitude angle are updated by a baseline calculation algorithm;

zh-cn	结合温盐深仪、多普勒计程仪数据，利用变基线定位算法计算得到MAUV的三维位置坐标。
en-us	in the end, combined with the data of a conductivitytemperature-depth system and a doppler velocity log, the three-dimensional coordinates of the MAUV are obtained by the variable baseline positioning algorithm.

zh-cn	通过基于Bellhop的定位仿真及消声水池实验验证，结果表明该定位系统具有稳定性强、定位精度高的优点，
en-us	Results of simulations based on Bellhop and experiments in an anechoic water tank show that the variable baseline positioning system has advantages of strong stability and high positioning accuracy,

zh-cn	其定位精度优于斜距的1%，能满足MAUV在深海工作的定位要求。
en-us	and its positioning accuracy is better than 1 % of the slant distance, which meets the positioning requirements of MAUV in the deep sea.

zh-cn	图像法水位测量通过图像处理技术检测水位线，实现水位信息的自动获取。
en-us	The image method of water level measurement detects the water level line through image processing technology to realize the automatic acquisition of water level information.

zh-cn	然而，由于现场环境光照条件复杂、清水倒影、成像分辨率低和视角倾斜的影响，水尺表面字符和刻度线的识别相当不可靠。
en-us	However, due to the effects of complex on-site ambient lighting conditions, clear water reflection, low imaging resolution, and oblique viewing angles, the recognition of characters and tick marks on the water gauge surface is quite unreliable.

zh-cn	为提高复杂光照条件下水位值的精度，本文设计了一种基于灰度拉伸的水位线检测方法。
en-us	In order to improve the accuracy of the water level value under complex lighting conditions, a detection method of the water level is designed based on grayscale stretching.

zh-cn	首先，构造一种新的结合卷积神经网络(CNN)和残差的去噪模型，在去除水尺图片噪声的同时能够较好地保持水尺的细节。
en-us	First of all, a new denoising model is constructed based on residual learning and convolutional neural network(CNN), which can maintain the details of the water gauge while removing the noise of the water gauge image.

zh-cn	然后，通过灰度直方图统计水面、背景、水尺部分的灰度值并进行分析，确定灰度拉伸的范围，明确水尺与水体部分的分界线来定位水位线。
en-us	And then, the grayscale histogram is used to count the grayscale values of the water surface, background, and water gauge, and analyze to determine the range of gray stretch, and clarify the boundary between the water gauge and the water body to locate the water level.

zh-cn	矿产资源过度开采极易诱发地面塌陷等地质灾害，对矿区的生产生活造成了严重的威胁。
en-us	Excessive exploitation of mineral resources can easily induce ground deformation and other geological disasters, which poses a serious threat to the production and lives of the mining area.

zh-cn	采用2017年5月至2018年11月21景Sentinel-1A数据，设置时间基线(365 d)和空间基线(2371 m)并生成连接图，
en-us	21 Sentinel-1 A scenes from May2017 to November 2018 are adopted, then a connection chart is generated by setting the temporal(365 d) and spatial(2371 m) baselines.

zh-cn	采用小基线集技术(SBAS)对生成的影像对进行干涉处理，通过生成的干涉相位进行地面沉降的参数反演，获取了巨野煤田的形变场和监测点的形变序列。
en-us	Based on this, the image pairs are interfered by small baseline subset(SBAS) technique. The parameters of land subsidence are inverted through the generated interferometric phase, and the deformation field and point monitoring sequence of the Juye coalfield are obtained.

zh-cn	结果发现，巨野煤田发生24 mm以上地面沉降的区域面积占比高达87. 12%，而郭屯矿区的地面沉降最为严重，中心沉降量超过70 mm，年沉降速率达到45 mm/a。
en-us	The results show that the cumulative settlement over 24 mm occurs in 87. 12% of the land in Juye coalfield, and the maximum land subsidence occurs in Guotun coal mine, the settlement rate is 45 mm/a and the cumulative settlement is more than 70 mm.

zh-cn	巨野煤田的地面沉降由自然和人为因素造成，其中人为煤炭开采和地下水的过量使用是主要原因。
en-us	The land subsidence in Juye coalfield is caused by natural and human factors, of which the exploitation of coal mine and the overuse of groundwater are the main reasons.

zh-cn	与水准测量的对比结果表明，二者沉降监测的总体趋势吻合。该项研究工作表明，小基线集雷达干涉测量(SBAS-InSAR)技术可以很好地应用于矿区沉降的监测，
en-us	Compared with the leveling data, the overall trend of subsidence monitoring is consistent, which demonstrates that the surface deformation monitoring results based on the small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar(SBAS-InSAR) method are reliable.

zh-cn	为合理开采矿产资源和矿区环境保护提供参考依据。
en-us	It provides a reference basis for rational exploitation of mineral resources and environmental protection in mining areas.

zh-cn	依据电压比较器高低电平判决的基本原理，结合精确电流采样支路，设计了一种固定限流装置。
en-us	With the basic principle of voltage comparator’s judgment for high or low voltage level of combined with accurate current-sampled branch, a constant-current device is designed.

zh-cn	此外，通过第二条电流采样支路，达到返送（foldback）功能，使得短路电流不到最大负载电流的 10%，有效降低了 LDO（Low Drop-out）系统的过流关断功耗。
en-us	Furthermore, the function of foldback is achieved by the second current-sampled branch, the short-circuit current is below to the 10% of maximum load current, which effectively reduces the over-current shut-down power dissipation of LDO systems.

zh-cn	基于 CZ6H 0. 35μm 标准 CMOS 工艺，应用 Cadence 工具进行仿真，结果显示，该过流保护电路可以把稳压器的最大输出电流限定在 300mA，输出短路电流不到 20mA，在无片外电容的条件下，系统表现出良好的瞬态响应效果;
en-us	Based on CZ6H 0. 35m standard CMOS technology, simulated by the use of Cadence tool, the result reveals that the over-current protection circuit can limit the maximum at 300mA and the short-circuit current is below to 20mA. Under the capacitor-free condition, the LDO system shows favorable transient response.

zh-cn	此外，该过流保护模块非常易于调节来适应于不同的标准输出电压。
en-us	Otherwise, the overcurrent protection module is extremely easy to adjust to be adapted to variable standard output voltage.

zh-cn	通过对物理不可克隆函数（Physical Unclonable Functions，PUF）电路和电流镜的研究，提出一种基于电流镜的电流型 PUF 电路设计方案。
en-us	By researching the Physical Unclonable Functions (PUF) and the current mirror, a current type PUF based on current mirror is proposed.

zh-cn	该方案首先利用多路电流镜产生随机电流，
en-us	Firstly, multipath currents are generated from multiple current mirrors.

zh-cn	然后使用电流型敏感放大器比较两路电流的大小，最后产生随机的输出响应。
en-us	Then, two path currents are chosen as the input of the current type sense amplifier. After comparing the two currents, it outputs a random state.

zh-cn	在 SMIC 65nm 工艺下，利用全定制方法设计 PUF 电路，在最小尺寸下 PUF 单元的版图面积为 2. 59µm×1. 51µm。
en-us	Following the fully custom flow, PUF is designed in SMIC 65nm technology and the minimum layout area of the PUF cell is 2. 59µm×1. 51µm.

zh-cn	通过 Spectre 软件，在不同电压、温度等工作环境下进行 Monte Carlo 仿真验证，分析PUF 电路的识别能力。
en-us	The outputs of the PUF are analyzed via Monte Carlo simulations under various supply voltages and temperatures by the tool of Spectre.

zh-cn	实验结果表明所设计的 PUF 电路逻辑功能正确，且具有良好的随机性和稳定性，可广泛应用于密钥产生和设备认证等领域。
en-us	Randomness and robustness of the PUF are observed from the experiment results. It can be effectively used for secret key generation and device authentication.

zh-cn	提出了一种基于 Kademlia 算法的 P2P 语音通信模型。
en-us	A P2P VoIP Model based on Kademlia protocol is proposed.

zh-cn	通话语音采用 G. 729 压缩，寻址采用基于 Kademlia算法的 P2P 协议，结合 NAT 穿越技术，实现了无需语音服务器的端到端语音传输。
en-us	Voice stream is packed and compressed by G. 729 algorithm. The search of a node is based on Kademlia P2P protocol. Combining with NAT traversing technology, the end-to-end voice transmission without Voice Servers is realized.

zh-cn	通过Kademlia 发布和搜索，实现P2P 语音通信用户的分布式维护。
en-us	Kademlia protocol can realize node publishing, searching and maintenance of the P2P user.

zh-cn	实验的结果也验证了提出的 P2P 语音通信模型的有效性及可靠性。
en-us	The results from experiments have proved the validity and reliability of the proposed P2P voice communication model.

zh-cn	最优多用户检测属于 NP 组合优化问题，人工蜂群算法作为一种简单有效的新兴启发式算法可以有效求解此类问题。
en-us	Optimum multiuser detection is a NP combinatorial optimization problem. As a simple, effective and new heuristic algorithm, artificial bee colony algorithm can effectively solve this problem.

zh-cn	针对基本二进制人工蜂群算法收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等缺陷，提出了一种基于差分演化的二进制人工蜂群算法，并应用于最优多用户检测中。
en-us	But the basic binary artificial bee colony algorithm has some defects such as slow convergence speed and being easy to fall into local optimum. A binary artificial bee colony algorithm based on differential evolution is proposed aiming at the above shortages.

zh-cn	算法采用多维邻域搜索策略，避免了连续域到离散域的转换，降低了算法复杂度，适合于实时处理。
en-us	Multidimensional neighborhood search strategy is applied, and the conversion from continuous domain to discrete domain is avoided. The algorithm complexity is reduced, which is suitable for real time processing.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法在抗多址干扰能力、抗“远近”效应能力和收敛性能方面均优于基本二进制人工蜂群算法。
en-us	The simulation results show that the algorithm's performances are better than the basic binary artificial bee colony algorithm in anti-multiple access interference, anti-near-far effect and convergence property.

zh-cn	相干光正交频分复用系统（Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，CO-OFDM）具有良好的色散抑制性能及简单有效的信号均衡算法，是近年来光传输领域的研究热点之一。
en-us	Coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) has drawn significant attention in optical transmissions due to its resilience to fiber chromatic dispersion (CD) with computation efficiency.

zh-cn	偏振模色散严重影响高速传输，色散均衡复杂，计算负荷较大。
en-us	Polarization-mode-dispersion (PMD) greatly impairs conventional high-speed single-carrier systems.

zh-cn	分析和仿真结果表明，在不需任何偏振控制器条件下，CO-OFDM系统可实现偏振光的不敏感接收，以10Gb/s的速率通过单模光纤传输800km，系统Q值保持在15dB上。
en-us	The result shows that the CO-OFDM system is extreme robustness to PMD, and the system performance is maintained above 15dB for 800km distance and speed of 10Gbit/s transmission through standard-single-mode fiber (SSMF) without any polarization controller (PC).

zh-cn	通过对混合极性 XNOR/OR 展开式和 CMOS 电路动态功耗模型的研究，提出一种适合中大规模混合极性XNOR/OR 电路的功耗优化算法。
en-us	A low power optimization algorithm for mid-large scale mixed polarity XNOR/OR circuits is proposed, by investigating the mixed polarity XNOR/OR expression and dynamic power consumptions of CMOS circuits.

zh-cn	首先根据电路的静态逻辑实现形式，建立混合极性 XNOR/OR 电路功耗估计模型;
en-us	A mathematic mode for low power dissipation is established for mixed polarity XNOR/OR circuits according to the static logic form of circuit.

zh-cn	然后改进快速列表技术以实现 XNOR/OR 电路的混合极性转换;
en-us	A fast tabular technique is improved and applied in the polarity conversion of mixed polarity XNOR/OR circuits.

zh-cn	再结合离散二值粒子群算法和机率转换法则，将离散三值粒子群优化（Discrete Ternary Particle Swarm Optimization，DTPSO）算法应用于混合极性 XNOR/OR 电路的最佳极性搜索，实现电路低功耗优化;
en-us	Then combining discrete PSO and probabilistic transition rules, DTPSO is introduced to search the best polarity for power of mixed polarity XNOR/OR circuits.

zh-cn	最后对 14 个 PLA 格式 MCNC Benchmark 电路进行测试，结果表明：与已有的方法相比，该优化算法搜索到的混合极性 XNOR/OR 电路最佳极性，其对应的电路功耗平均节省 53. 98%，搜索速度得到明显提高。
en-us	Finally, the proposed algorithm is tested on fourteen circuits from MCNC benchmark circuits, and the experimental results show that the algorithm is quite efficient in CPU time and have achieved average power-saving 53. 98%, compared with the reported method.

zh-cn	本文提出了一种经过变换的拟合优度检测方法。
en-us	Based on a transformation of goodness-of-fit test, this paper proposes methods of spectrum sensing.

zh-cn	通过对接收到的样本进行某种变换，再对变换后的新序列使用 Anderson Darling（AD）检测，在噪声方差已知和未知两种情况下，分别给出了检测方法。
en-us	Specifically, Anderson-Darling (AD) test, a kind of goodness-of-fit test, is applied into a new sequence which is a transformation of received samples, conditioning on known or unknown noise variance.

zh-cn	为了增强检测性能，在方差未知情况下对卡方-AD 检测提出了修正方法。
en-us	To enhance performance of sensing, a modified chi-square- AD joint test is also proposed under a condition of unknown noise variance.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，使用修正的卡方-AD 联合检测能够大大提高快衰落信道中频谱检测的性能，在噪声方差未知情况下取得了突破性的检测效果。
en-us	Simulations show that, for a fast fading channel, the modified chi-square-AD joint test greatly improves the performance of spectrum detection, and makes a breakthrough when the noise variance is unknown.

zh-cn	为了有效解决非线性模拟电路故障诊断问题，提出了一种基于灵敏度分析及 Volterra 级数理论的故障诊断方法。
en-us	To effectively solve the fault diagnosis of nonlinear analog circuits, a novel fault diagnosis method is proposed based on sensitivity analysis and Volterra series.

zh-cn	首先采用灵敏度分析估计激励信号的有效频带范围，根据 Volterra 级数确定激励信号的频率成分，以使故障可测度最大化;
en-us	Firstly, the effective frequency band range of the input stimuli signal is estimated by sensitivity analysis, then the frequency components of stimulus signal are determined in terms of Volterra series, which make fault observability obvious.

zh-cn	其次基于多音激励下 Volterra 核的频域输出特性进行故障特征提取，并采用主元分析（principal component analysis，PCA）对故障特征进行维数压缩;
en-us	Secondly, fault signatures are extracted by virtue of the frequency output properties of Volterra kernels stimulated by the multitone signal, then they are compressed with principal component analysis (PCA).

zh-cn	最后构造多值分类支持向量机（support vector machine，SVM）网络进行故障模式判别。
en-us	Finally, the multiclass support vector machine (SVM) network is constructed for classifying fault types.

zh-cn	理论分析及仿真结果表明，与以往方法比较，该方法可以显著提高非线性模拟电路故障识别率，验证了该方法的有效性。
en-us	The theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that, compared with former method, the proposed method can observably increase fault recognition rate of nonlinear analog circuits, which validates effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	APSK 信号对卫星转发器的非线性极其敏感，解译之前需要进行均衡补偿。
en-us	APSK is very sensitive with the nonlinearity of satellite transponder, which needs equalization before demodulation and decoding.

zh-cn	传统接收机中的均衡、解调和译码过程是相互独立的，本文将 DFE 均衡应用到 BICM-ID 卫星系统中，并对其进行改进，实现了均衡和解译的联合处理，从而获得更好的性能。
en-us	Conventional receivers execute equalization, demodulation and decoding independently. This paper applies DFE equalization to BICM-ID satellite system and proposes some improvements, which combine equalization, demodulation and decoding, and as a result get better performance.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了算法的有效性，而且相比传统接收，信噪比改善了 1. 5dB。
en-us	Simulation results show that the algorithm are effective and the Eb/N0 improves 1. 5dB.

zh-cn	现今，布尔可满足性（SAT）解算器已在工业电路验证过程中得到了广泛的应用。
en-us	Currently, Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solvers have been widely used in large circuit verification.

zh-cn	大多数 SAT 解算器是基于 DPLL 算法来构造的，需要电路输入形式是合取范式（CNF）的形式。
en-us	Most SAT solvers are based on Davis-Putman-Logemann-Loveland (DPLL) algorithm and require the input formula to be in conjunctive normal formula (CNF).

zh-cn	CNF 形式的构建会使电路表示正交化，但通常会产生更多的额外变量，同时也会破坏电路的原始结构信息，在使用 DPLL 算法搜索整个变量空间的时候需要大量的时间消耗。
en-us	The CNF of a formula usually generates extra variables, and also destroys the structure information of the original circuit.

zh-cn	本文提出了一些方法来解决这些问题。
en-us	In this paper, we propose several methods to solve this question.

zh-cn	首先使用与/非门（AIG）来简化待验证电路，然后在基于 CNF的两变量观测策略上，结合合取范式 CNF 和析取范式 DNF 的图特性来改善 DPLL 搜索过程，加速布尔约束推导（BCP）的进行。
en-us	First, use AND/INVERTER graph transformation (AIG) to simplify the given circuits, and then, combine the graph characteristics of CNF and DNF, which will be used in Boolean Constraint Propagation (BCP) and speed up the BCP process. That is a key task in the DPLL algorithm.

zh-cn	针对 ISCAS85 电路的验证结果验证了本算法的有效性。
en-us	The efficiency of the proposed approach is shown through the experimental results on the ISCAS85 benchmark circuits.

zh-cn	部分频带干扰导致宽带短波探测系统接收信噪比严重恶化，传统奇异值分解（Singular Value Decomposition）滤波方法损失了部分有用功率，影响了探测信号的完整性。
en-us	SNR of received signal worsens badly in the wideband shortwave probe system because of PBI (partial-band interference). The traditional SVD filter loses the power of probe signal in the band of PBI, which results in disadvantageous influences.

zh-cn	本文首先推导得出干扰频带处功率成分的解析表达式，并依据干扰特性设计出一种鲁棒的干扰子空间维数估计算法以得到有用功率的稳定估计，进而提出了一种低信噪比损失SVD 滤波干扰抑制算法。
en-us	This paper obtains analytical expression of power composition in the band of interference, adopts a robust dimension estimation algorithm to estimate dimension of interference subspace, and deduces the stable expression of the useful power composition. Thus the paper presents a low signal-to-noise loss SVD filtering interference suppression algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真与实测数据处理结果表明，该算法在抑制干扰的同时有效减小了信号损伤，
en-us	The simulation and data processing of our probe system both demonstrate that the new algorithm not only realizes interference rejection, but also effectively reduces power loss of probe signal.

zh-cn	对于短波电离层信道参数的高精度提取具有特殊的重要意义。
en-us	Therefore, this algorithm has special important meaning to the high accuracy estimation of the shortwave ionosphere parameter.

zh-cn	本文提出一种抑制 Wigner-Ville 分布（WVD）交叉项的新方法。
en-us	In this paper, a new method is proposed to suppress the cross terms in the WVD.

zh-cn	利用局部多项式傅里叶变换（LPFT）构建时频滤波器，确定自项支撑区域，再利用此滤波器对 WVD 进行处理，从而达到抑制交叉项的目的。
en-us	First, the time-frequency filtering based on the local polynomial Fourier transform (LPFT) is constructed, then the filtering is used to determine the auto term region and suppress cross terms in the WVD.

zh-cn	通过 3dB 信噪比的分析可以看出，LPFT 具有比短时傅里叶变换（STFT）更好的时频聚集性，因此基于 LPFT 的时频滤波器能更有效抑制 WVD 中的交叉项干扰，同时又能保留 WVD 的高时频聚集性。
en-us	As shown in the 3dB SNR analysis, the LPFT can provide better resolution than the STFT, therefore, the LPFT-based time-frequency filtering can effectively suppress cross terms in the WVD, as well as maintain the high resolution characteristic of the WVD.

zh-cn	通过与 Chio-Williams 分布、径向高斯核函数时频分布、基于 STFT 时频滤波器的交叉项抑制方法的比较，验证了该方法对抑制多分量信号及非线性调频信号的交叉项以及噪声干扰的有效性，显示了该方法在保持高时频聚集性，抑制交叉项干扰，以及抑制噪声干扰方面的优势。
en-us	Compared with the Chio-Williams distribution, the radially Gaussian kernel time-frequency representation, and the WVD cross term suppression method using the STFT-based filtering, the proposed method proves its advantages in cross term suppression, as well as in noise suppression, for multicomponent or nonlinear FM signals.

zh-cn	宽带信道化接收中常常采用均匀子带技术，
en-us	Uniform subband technology is popular in broadband channelization.

zh-cn	当宽带接收数据中的信号参数未知时，均匀子带信道化易造成信号频谱割裂。
en-us	When the signal characteristics are unknown, uniform subband channelization will lead to disseverment of signal spectrum.

zh-cn	本文针对该问题建立了单载波信号子带信道化输出的数学模型，
en-us	The mathematic model of subband channelization is established for single-carrier signal.

zh-cn	通过将信号的频谱损失视为码元成型函数的变化，证明了子带信号保留了原信号的循环平稳特性，
en-us	The spectrum distortion is considered as the transition of shape function. Therefore the subband signal preserves the cyclostationarity of original signal.

zh-cn	提出了一种新的基于子带信号复包络平方谱的波特率估计算法。该方法不需要重构出原信号，利用频谱有损的子带信号就能进行参数估计，提高了宽带处理的效率。
en-us	A new baud rate estimation algorithm is presented based on the envelope characteristic of subband analytic signal without reconstructing the original signal. This algorithm improves the efficiency of the broadband processing.

zh-cn	仿真实验给出了在不同带宽覆盖比和不同信噪比下算法的估计性能。
en-us	The influences of the frequency domain coverage percentage and Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) are analyzed with the computer simulation.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果验证了算法的有效性和可靠性。
en-us	Simulation results and theoretical deductions prove that this algorithm is efficient and credible。

zh-cn	以低信噪比窄带干扰条件下混沌 DSSS 系统信息传输的可靠性提高为目的，在混沌 DSSS 系统的基础上，结合 QC-LDPC 码提出了一种基于 QC-LDPC-CDSSS 的协同窄带干扰（Narrowband Jamming，NBJ）抑制方案。
en-us	In order to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) at the low SNR, a novel cooperative anti-jamming scheme for narrow-band jamming suppression is proposed based on the QC-LDPC codes and integrated Map chaotic direct sequence spread spectrum.