zh-cn	该算法首先利用基于波达时间的加权最小二乘算法粗测目标位置，然后依据该目标位置和测量时延信息的关系，构造新的误差矢量，利用该误差矢量再次加权最小二乘估计解算目标位置。
en-us	It is an algorithm that coarsely calculates the target position according to the time of arrival by using the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) estimation method at first; secondly, it constructs new error vectors on the basis of the relationship between the position and the time delay information; last, the target position is resolved from the vectors by using WLS method again.

zh-cn	研究结果表明，该算法可实现多套水下测控设备的数据融合，可有效提高全域范围的定位精度，且精度高于纯基于波达时间的融合定位算法。
en-us	The result of research demonstrates that the algorithm realizes the data fusion of multiple sets of underwater measurement and control equipment, which could improve the precision of localization globally. And the precision of the proposed method is much better than the data fusion localization algorithm purely based on the time of arrival.

zh-cn	为了改善网络视频流的细粒度分类效果，该文分析视频流传输过程中的特征变化与流分类之间的关系。
en-us	To obtain better results for fine-grained video traffic classification, this paper analyzes the relationship between the feature variations during transmission and video traffic classification.

zh-cn	根据不同类型的视频流具有不同的下行传输速率变化模式，提出一种新的基于下行速率传输的视频流分类特征M值概率分布，并使用支持向量机(SVM)实现网络视频流的分类。
en-us	According to the nature that different types of video services contain different downlink transmission rate variation patterns, a new video flow feature M value probability distribution, based on downlink byte rate variation is proposed, and video classification is realized by Support Vector Machine (SVM).

zh-cn	实验结果表明，M 值概率分布相比较于已有的常见流特征，可以更好地实现 6 种典型的网络视频流分类。
en-us	The experimental results show that the probability distribution of M value is a better feature for classification of six kinds of common network video applications than other commonly used flow features.

zh-cn	该文提出一种新的 Wi-Fi/微机电系统(MEMS)融合室内运动地图构建与定位方法。
en-us	This papers propose a novel integrated Wi-Fi and Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems (MEMS) indoor mobility map construction and localization approach.

zh-cn	首先利用行人航迹推算(PDR)、最小描述长度(MDL)原则和基于密度的空间聚类算法(DBSCAN)对众包运动轨迹进行预处理，提出基于轨迹主路径的运动地图构建方法。
en-us	First of all, a method is proposed for constructing mobility map based on trajectory main path by applying the Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR), Minimum Description Length (MDL), and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithms to the processing process of crowdsourcing trajectories.

zh-cn	之后提出基于像素模板的地图匹配方法获取地图的绝对位置，并采用抗差扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)对目标位置进行最优估计。
en-us	Then a pixel template matching technique is innovatively presented to obtain the absolute position of the map. Finally, the robust Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm is utilized to estimate the optimal target position, which means the Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) are completed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提聚类方法可以准确构建各区域运动地图，在少量的人力时间开销下实现较高的定位精度。
en-us	The experimental results show that the method of proposed clustering can accurately distinguish the motion regions. Also, the precision positioning can be realized with less labor and time through matching the absolute position of the motion map in the real environment successfully.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于叠加标签信号进行认证的新方法。
en-us	This paper proposes a new method of authentication based on piling up tag signal.

zh-cn	利用合法通信双方预先共享密钥和信道具有短时互易性的优势，在发送方利用扩谱码和量化的信道值生成标签信号，并与通信信号叠加发送，在接收方能够检测并鉴别标签信号，而且不影响通信信号的正常解调。
en-us	Using the advantage of legality sides sharing a private key and having coherent channel state information in short time, the sender produces a tag signal from spread frequency code and measures channel state information, then overlaps the tag signal on the communicational signal, the receiver can detect the correct tag signal and demodulate the communicational signal.

zh-cn	这种方法不需要复杂的密码算法，减小了通信过程中的计算量，而且能够有效地防范被动窃听和主动攻击。
en-us	This method avoids using complex cryptographic algorithm, reduces the amount of calculation, and prevents passive eavesdropping and active attack effectively.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该方法有较高的实用价值。
en-us	Simulation results show that this method has high use value.

zh-cn	针对在一般高斯白噪声环境中，传统的双门限能量检测频谱感知算法忽略确定两门限之间的感知信息的问题，该文提出一种基于动态自适应双门限能量检测的序贯协作频谱感知算法。
en-us	In order to overcome the problem of ignoring the sensing information between the two fixed thresholds for double-thresholds energy detection algorithm, the sequential cooperative sensing algorithm based on dynamic adaptive double-threshold energy detection is proposed.

zh-cn	新算法以最优化检测概率为目标，采用序贯方式对协作用户进行动态自适应双门限建模，并对处于两门限之间的接收能量值进行软判决。
en-us	Since the soft decision between the two dynamic adaptive double thresholds is used for optimizing the probability of detection, it takes sequential cooperative sensing algorithm to model the adaptive double-threshold regions.

zh-cn	进一步地，新算法能自适应动态调整门限大小和各判决区域协作用户数，以达到最大化检测概率和最优化受试工作特征曲线的目的。
en-us	Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can adaptively adjust the thresholds values and the number of collaborative users for each decision region to optimize the probability of detection and receiver operating characteristics curve.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果表明，与经典的双门限能量检测算法相比，提出算法具有更优的检测概率。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance for the detection capability, compared with other double thresholds sensing algorithms.

zh-cn	现有的大部分基于扩散理论的显著性物体检测方法只用了图像的底层特征来构造图和扩散矩阵，并且忽视了显著性物体在图像边缘的可能性。
en-us	Most existing salient object detection methods based on diffusion theory usually only use one feature of image to construct graph and diffusion matrix, and ignore the possibility that salient objects appear at the border regions of the image.

zh-cn	针对此，该文提出一种基于图像的多层特征的扩散方法进行显著性物体检测。
en-us	In this paper, a diffusion method based on the multi-layer features of image is proposed to detect salient objects.

zh-cn	首先，采用由背景先验、颜色先验、位置先验组成的高层先验方法选取种子节点。
en-us	Firstly, the seed nodes are selected by adopting the high-level prior method, which is composed of background prior, color prior, and location prior.

zh-cn	其次，将选取的种子节点的显著性信息通过由图像的底层特征构建的扩散矩阵传播到每个节点得到初始显著图，并将其作为图像的中层特征。
en-us	Then, the initial saliency map is obtained by propagating the saliency information carried by the selected seed nodes to each nodes via the diffusion matrix constructed by the low-level feature of the image, and used as the middle-level feature of image.

zh-cn	然后结合图像的高层特征分别构建扩散矩阵，再次运用扩散方法分别获得中层显著图、高层显著图。
en-us	The diffusion matrices are re-synthesized again by the middle-level feature and the high-level feature of the image, and the middle-level saliency map and the high-level saliency map are obtained by the diffusion-based method respectively.

zh-cn	最后，非线性融合中层显著图和高层显著图得到最终显著图。
en-us	The final saliency map is obtained by nonlinearly combining the the middle-level and high-level saliency map.

zh-cn	该算法在 3 个数据集 MSRA10K，DUT-OMRON 和 ECSSD 上，用 3种量化评价指标与现有 4 种流行算法进行实验结果对比，均取得最好的效果。
en-us	Results on three datasets, MSRA10K, DUT-OMRON and ECSSD, show that the proposed method achieves superior performance compared with the four state-of-art methods in terms of three evaluation metrics.

zh-cn	在非相干分布式非圆信号波达方向(DOA)估计中，针对利用信号非圆特性后输出矩阵维数扩展带来的较大运算量问题，该文提出一种基于互相关抽样分解的 DOA 快速估计算法。
en-us	In the Direction Of Arrival (DOA) estimation of incoherently distributed noncircular sources, the increase of dimension caused by array output matrix extension can cause a large computational complexity. To solve this problem, a rapid DOA estimation algorithm is proposed based on cross-correlation sampling decomposition.

zh-cn	该算法仅需要从子阵间的扩展互相关矩阵中抽样出少量行元素和列元素，构成两个低维子矩阵，进而通过低秩近似分解便可快速地同时求出左右奇异矢量，即分别对应两个子阵的信号子空间，避免了计算整个互相关矩阵及其奇异值分解运算；
en-us	It only needs to calculate two low-dimensional sub-matrices, which are formed by a small number of rows and columns in the extended Cross-Correlation (CC) matrix. On the premise of the sub-matrices, the right and left singular vectors corresponding to two signal subspaces can be simultaneously obtained by the low-rank approximation decomposition, which avoids the calculation of the whole covariance matrix and its singular value decomposition.

zh-cn	最后利用两个子阵信号子空间的旋转不变性通过最小二乘得到 DOA 估计。
en-us	Finally, the DOA estimation can be obtained by the least squares with the rotation invariance of the signal subspaces.

zh-cn	仿真分析表明，当行列抽样数大于信源数的两倍时，所提算法与直接基于互相关矩阵奇异值分解的非相干分布式非圆信号 DOA 估计算法性能相近，但复杂度得到了大幅度降低；
en-us	The simulation results show that when the number of samples in the low-dimensional sub-matrix is larger than twice the number of sources, the performance of the proposed algorithm is comparable with the DOA estimation algorithm of incoherently distributed noncircular sources based on the singular value decomposition applying to the CC matrix.

zh-cn	而相比于传统的低复杂度非相干分布源 DOA 估计算法，所提算法利用信号非圆特性具有更高的估计性能。
en-us	Moreover, the proposed algorithm utilizes the noncircular characteristic of the signal to achieve higher estimation performance compared with the traditional low-complexity DOA estimation algorithms of the incoherently distributed sources.

zh-cn	准确可靠的噪声强度估计是数字图像处理领域中一个重要的研究课题。
en-us	Accurate and reliable blind noise estimation is an important research topic of digital image processing.

zh-cn	噪声估计的难点在于如何提取用于估计的纯噪声信息，近几年，许多算法采用主成分分析技术来避免图像纹理信息的干扰，用最小特征值来估计噪声方差，可以有效地减少图像纹理信息对估计结果的影响，所以这类方法对于高频图像(丰富纹理图像)效果很好。
en-us	The main challenge is how to extract pure noise information for estimating. In recent years, many algorithms use principal component analysis technology to exclude the interference of image textures information, and estimate noise level by using the minimal eigenvalue. So that, the image textures have smallest effect on the minimal eigenvalue, thus this kind of methods performs well for high frequency image (image with abundant textures).

zh-cn	由于图像块数量有限，最小特征值实际上比真实噪声方差小，而且图像块数量越少，偏差越大。
en-us	The minimal eigenvalue is actually smaller than the true noise variance because of limited image blocks, and the bias is the bigger if the number of image patches is the smaller.

zh-cn	如果直接把最小特征值作为估计方差，则容易低估计高噪声。
en-us	If the noise level is estimated as the smallest eigenvalue, the final result will be underestimated.

zh-cn	该文通过回归分析确定最小特征值跟真实噪声方差的比值和图像块数量呈幂函数关系，因此可以通过最小特征值和幂函数关系得到真实的噪声方差。
en-us	It is found that the relation between the ratio of estimated result to real noise variance and the number of image blocks is power function by using regression analysis, thus the true noise level can be computed by using the minimal eigenvalue and the power function.

zh-cn	实验表明该文方法既能处理高频图像，又适合各种噪声水平，同时也能处理乘性高斯噪声。
en-us	The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm works well over a large range of visual content and noise conditions, and can process multiply Gaussian noise too.

zh-cn	为有效延长水下无线传感器网络的生命周期、保持网络覆盖率，该文提出一种基于节点休眠的覆盖保持分簇算法。
en-us	A new network deployment algorithm is proposed for the problem of low network lifetime and low network coverage of underwater sensor networks.

zh-cn	首先计算网络节点的覆盖冗余度，并对覆盖冗余度高的节点执行休眠策略，然后以网络覆盖率及节点能耗均衡性为目标，采用多目标算法进行求解，再利用 TOPSIS 法从非支配解集中选出较优解，当有节点死亡时，通过唤醒策略保持网络覆盖率。
en-us	Firstly, the node which has a higher network coverage redundancy should be asleep. Then the network coverage and energy consumption will be set as the objective functions. And the multi-objective optimization algorithm will be adopted to optimize it. At last, the TOPSIS is used to select the best solution from the Non-dominated solution set. If any node is dead, the sleeping nodes in the near dead node will be waken up to preserve the coverage.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与目前较好的网络规划算法相比，该文算法能够更好地降低网络能耗，延长网络生命周期并保持网络对环境的覆盖率。
en-us	The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperform the existing algorithms in terms of various performance metrics including energy consumption and the coverage.

zh-cn	该文设计了一种工作于 X 波段的平面印刷磁电偶极子天线，并设计了一种加载集总电阻的宽入射角、极化不敏感、宽频带吸波体(WBMA)。
en-us	A broadband planar printed Magneto-Electric (ME) dipole antenna and a Wide-Band Metamaterial Absorber (WBMA) with polarization-insensitive and wide-angle absorption are designed for X band application.

zh-cn	当平面波垂直入射时，吸波体在 7.2~12.6 GHz 范围内的吸波率大于 90%，入射角增加至45°时仍能在 X 波段保持 90％以上的吸波率。
en-us	The absorber exhibits absorptivity above 90% from 7.2 GHz to 12.6 GHz under normal incidence. When the incident angle increases to 45°, the absorptivity is still above 90% at X band.

zh-cn	通过将 WBMA 加载在天线四周，实现了天线雷达散射截面(RCS)的大幅缩减。
en-us	By applying the absorber around the antenna, the RCS of antenna is reduced significantly.

zh-cn	实测和仿真结果表明：不同极化波垂直入射时，天线单站 RCS 减缩 3 dB 带宽为 6.6~14.4 GHz，最大减缩量达 23.8 dB。
en-us	Simulated and experimental results show a monostatic RCS reduction above 3 dB from 7.2 GHz to 12.6 GHz, and the peak reduction is up to 23.8 dB under different polarized waves.

zh-cn	中心频点 10 GHz 处，TE 极化波照射时，双站 RCS 能实现90±°角域内的减缩，TM 极化波照射时，在35±°角域内实现了减缩，同时天线辐射性能几乎保持不变。
en-us	At the center working frequency of 10 GHz, the bistatic RCS decreases significantly from 90-° to +90°under TE polarized wave and from 35-° to +35°under TM polarized wave while the radiation performance remains unchanged basically, which proves that the absorber has great absorptivity.

zh-cn	该文针对电子侦察信号盲分选的技术难题，结合重频参差调制模式的特点，提出基于数据统计聚类和关联匹配的处理方法，对序列中含有重频参差调制的脉冲进行调制模式识别、参差序列分析和脉冲提取。
en-us	To solve the technical problem of blind sorting of electronic interception signal, combined with the characteristics of pulse repetition interval stagger mode, based on the statistical clustering and data association, the algorithm for stagger pulse repetition interval pattern recognition is proposed, sequence analysis and signal sorting is carried out.

zh-cn	实验仿真表明在脉冲丢失和虚假脉冲干扰的情况下，所提方法可以有效进行重频参差模式识别和参差排定次序分析，实现脉冲信号的盲分选，具有较强的鲁棒性。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively dispose the blind signal sorting process and has strong robustness in case of missing and spurious pulses.

zh-cn	为提高电容层析成像(ECT)系统重建图像的质量，该文提出一种基于改进稀疏度自适应的压缩感知电容层析成像算法。
en-us	In order to improve quality of the reconstructed images of the Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) system, an improved sparsity adaptive matching pursuit compressed sensing algorithm is proposed. Based on the coherence point of Compressed Sensing (CS) theory and ECT, the CS-ECT model is established.

zh-cn	利用压缩感知与电容层析成像算法的契合点，以随机改造后的电容层析成像灵敏度矩阵为观测矩阵，离散余弦基为稀疏基，测量电容值为观测值，建立模型。
en-us	In the model, the sensitivity matrix of ECT is designed in a random order to be the observation matrix, the discrete cosine base is used as the sparse base, the capacitance value is measured as the observed value.

zh-cn	利用线性反投影算法(LBP 算法)所得图像预估原始图像稀疏度，以预估稀疏度值作为索引原子初始值进行稀疏度自适应迭代。
en-us	By using the Linear Back Projection (LBP) algorithm, the sparsity of the estimated images is confirmed. The sparsity can be served as the initial value of the atomic index for sparsity adaptive iteration.

zh-cn	改进后的稀疏度自适应匹配追踪重构算法实现 ECT 图像重建，解决了稀疏度预估不准确导致重建图像精度差的问题。
en-us	The lack of image reconstruction accuracy caused by the inaccurate estimate of sparsity can be solved by the improved sparsity adaptive matching pursuit algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，该算法可以有效重建 ECT 图像，其成像质量优于 LBP 算法、Landweber 算法、Tikhonov 算法等传统算法，是研究电容层析成像图像重建的一种新的方法和手段。
en-us	Simulation results indicate that reconstructed images with higher accuracy can be obtained using the improved sparsity adaptive matching pursuit compressed sensing algorithm than the LBP algorithm, Landweber algorithm and Tikhonov algorithm. A new method of ECT reconstruction is provided.

zh-cn	线性调频(LFM)信号是一种被广泛应用的大时宽带宽积信号，利用 LFM 信号的多样性可设计多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的正交波形。
en-us	Due to the large time-bandwidth product, Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) signals are widely used, and their diversity can be applied to orthogonal waveform set design for MIMO radar.

zh-cn	该文针对现有波形相关函数存在的问题，以理论分析为基础，提出一种基于 LFM 时宽的发射波形，并给出了一种相应的正交波形设计方法。
en-us	To solve the problems of the correlation functions of the existing waveforms, detailed analysis is made, a new waveform based on chirp durations is proposed, and the orthogonal waveform set design method is given subsequently.

zh-cn	该方法以峰值旁瓣电平为准则，利用序列二次规划对各子脉冲 LFM 信号的时宽进行优化设计。
en-us	Peak sidelobe level is calculated for the cost function, the chirp durations of subpulses are optimized by Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP).

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与现有方法相比，所设计波形具有较低的自相关旁瓣电平和互相关电平。
en-us	Simulation results show that the designed waveforms have lower autocorrelation sidelobe level and crosscorrelation level compared with the present method.

zh-cn	此外，通过数值实验分析了相关性能随波形个数及子脉冲个数的变化关系。
en-us	In addition, relationships among autocorrelation sidelobe level, crosscorrelation level and the size of orthogonal waveforms are studied via numerical experiments.

zh-cn	在分时长期演进(TD-LTE)室内分布式网络中，不同位置上的信号差异性不明显，仅利用标定参考点不能实现准确位置估计。
en-us	In the Time Division Long Term Evolution (TD-LTE) indoor distributed network, the signal differences among different positions are insignificant, thus accurate localization can not be achieved by reference point calibration.

zh-cn	该文针对 TD-LTE 室内分布式网络下不同位置处的信号相似性问题，提出基于相关性测序的定位算法。
en-us	To solve this compelling problem, this paper proposes a correlation sequencing based localization algorithm.

zh-cn	首先，利用相邻位置的信号信息构建运动序列数据库。
en-us	Firstly, the signal information among adjacent positions is utilized to construct Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) motion sequence database.

zh-cn	其次，通过相关性测序算法，得到在线接收信号参考强度(RSRP)序列与运动序列间的匹配度，确定备选定位序列集。
en-us	Next, correlation sequencing algorithm is conducted to obtain relation between real-time RSRP sequence and the ones in constructed database, which results in a set of candidate sequence.

zh-cn	然后，计算备选定位序列与在线 RSRP 序列间的相关系数及平均欧氏距离。
en-us	After that, the correlation coefficient and mean Euclidean distance between candidate sequences and the online one are calculated.

zh-cn	最后，根据匹配度、相关系数及平均欧氏距离，选取最优备选定位序列，实现对目标的位置估计。
en-us	Finally, the optimal candidate sequence is selected by a voting strategy to estimate target's position.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文所提定位算法有效提高了室内分布式天线系统下的定位精度。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed localization algorithm can effectively improve the localization accuracy within indoor distributed antenna system.

zh-cn	该文针对畸变严重的鱼眼图像中的目标跟踪，提出一种能适应尺度变化、姿态变化以及形状畸变的鱼眼视频目标跟踪的方法。
en-us	For object detection in fisheye images which present serious distortion, an object tracking method is proposed to deal with scale variance, pose change and distortion.

zh-cn	该方法首先将灰度特征和相对梯度特征相结合得到目标的高维特征，然后对其平均降维得到目标的压缩特征。
en-us	Firstly, gray feature and gradient feature are combined to obtain a high dimensional feature of the target, then reduce its dimensionality by averaging to obtain target's compressive feature.

zh-cn	并根据鱼眼成像模型得到投影点的运动特性，确定目标的运动范围。
en-us	According to fisheye imaging model, motion of object point is modeled, and range of motion of target is "predicted".

zh-cn	为了适应尺度变化，在块匹配运动估计思想的基础上，对目标跟踪框的顶点分别进行由粗到精的定位，并在此过程中根据跟踪框的尺度相应改变压缩特征的尺度。
en-us	In order to adjust to scale variance, corner points are positioned respectively in a coarse to fine manner based on the block matching motion estimation, and the scale of compressed feature is changed along with scale change of object box.

zh-cn	实验结果表明：该算法在目标畸变、尺度变化、姿态变化以及局部遮挡等情况下，判断指标均优于其他对比算法。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to other algorithms in the case of distortion, scale change, pose change and part occlusion.

zh-cn	在中文文本分类任务中，针对重要特征在中文文本中位置分布分散、稀疏的问题，以及不同文本特征对文本类别识别贡献不同的问题，该文提出一种基于语义理解的注意力神经网络、长短期记忆网络(LSTM)与卷积神经网络(CNN)的多元特征融合中文文本分类模型(3CLA)。
en-us	In Chinese text categorization tasks, the locations of the important features in the Chinese texts are disperse and sparse, and the different characteristics of Chinese texts contributes differently for the recognition of their categories. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a multi-feature fusion model Three Convolutional neural network paths and Long short term memory path fused with Attention neural network path (3CLA) for Chinese text categorization, which is based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and semantic understanding attention neural networks.

zh-cn	模型首先通过文本预处理将中文文本分词、向量化。
en-us	The model first uses text preprocessing to finish the segmentation and vectorization of the Chinese text.

zh-cn	然后，通过嵌入层分别经过 CNN 通路、LSTM 通路和注意力算法模型通路以提取不同层次、具有不同特点的文本特征。
en-us	Then, through the embedding layer, the input data are sent to the CNN path, the LSTM path and the attention path respectively to extract text features of different levels and different characteristics.

zh-cn	最终，文本特征经融合层融合后，由 softmax 分类器进行分类。
en-us	Finally, the text features are fused by the fusion layer and classified by the classifier.

zh-cn	基于中文语料进行了文本分类实验。
en-us	Based on the Chinese corpus, the text classification experiment is carried out.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，相较于 CNN 结构模型与 LSTM 结构模型，提出的算法模型对中文文本类别的识别能力最多提升约 8%。
en-us	The results of the experiments show that compared with the CNN structure model and the LSTM structure model, the proposed algorithm model improves the recognition ability of Chinese text categories by up to about 8%.

zh-cn	研究学者们认为指数加权均值比(ROEWA)算子存在无法计算 SAR 图像边缘方向的缺陷。
en-us	Researchers generally consider that Ratio Of Exponentially Weighted Averages (ROEWA) can not calculate the edge directions of SAR images.

zh-cn	为此，进行了一些通过方向滤波器为 ROEWA 算法施加方向的工作。
en-us	Therefore, some directional filters are used to add directions to ROEWA.

zh-cn	该文对 ROEWA 算法进行了深入的探讨和分析，通过对ROEWA 算法卷积过程的进一步推导，获得了 ROEWA 算法像素级的观测公式。
en-us	In this paper, an Enhanced ROEWA (EROEWA) algorithm is proposed. Through the further derivation of the ROEWA algorithm convolution process, the pixel-level observation formula of ROEWA algorithm is obtained.

zh-cn	首先，利用新的卷积策略将 ROEWA 的公式项解耦，获得了 4 个方向的指数加权均值；
en-us	First, a new convolution strategy is used to decouple the ROEWA formula to obtain exponentially weighted averages over the four directions.

zh-cn	然后把 SAR 图像旋转 45°，再利用新的卷积策略获取额外的 4 个方向的指数加权均值；
en-us	Second, the SAR images are rotated by 45° and exponentially weighted averages of the four additional directions are calculated.

zh-cn	最后，将 8个方向的指数加权均值表示成 8 个矢量，通过矢量合成求出边缘强度和边缘方向。
en-us	Finally, exponentially weighted averages of eight directions are expressed as eight vectors, and edge intensity and direction are solved by vector synthesis.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，提出的 EROEWA算法不仅具有优秀的边缘方向计算能力，与 ROEWA 算法相比，边缘强度的提取也有显著的增强效果。
en-us	Experimental results show that the EROEWA has a significant enhancement effect on the edge intensity and the direction.

zh-cn	异构签密可以保证异构密码系统之间数据的机密性和不可伪造性。
en-us	Heterogeneous signcryption can be used to guarantee the confidentiality and the unforgeability in the different cryptographies.

zh-cn	分析现有的异构签密方案，发现它们只针对单个消息，无法实现批验证。
en-us	By analyzing some existing heterogeneous signcryption schemes, it is found that they only deal with a single message and can not achieve batch verification.

zh-cn	聚合签密能够把不同用户对多个消息产生的签密密文同时发送给接收者，而且可以提供批量验证，降低验证开销。
en-us	Aggregation signcryption can not only take n distinct signcryption on n messages signed by n distinct users, but also provide a batch verification and reduce the cost of verification.

zh-cn	该文提出一个传统公钥密码-无证书公钥密码异构聚合签密方案，该方案不仅能够保证传统公钥密码(TPKI)和无证书公钥密码(CLPKC)系统间通信的机密性和认证性，而且聚合验证时不需要双线性对。
en-us	In this paper, a Traditional Public Key Infrastructure (TPKI)-CertificateLess Public Key Cryptography (CLPKC) heterogeneous aggregation signcryption scheme is proposed, which can ensure the confidentiality and authentication between the TPKI and CLPKC. The scheme does not require bilinear pairings when it is aggregated.

zh-cn	在随机预言模型下，基于间隙双线性 Diffie-Hellman 困难问题、计算 Diffie-Hellman 困难问题和离散对数问题，证明该方案满足自适应性选择密文攻击下的不可区分性和自适应选择消息下的不可伪造性。
en-us	It is proved that the scheme has indistinguishability against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack and existential unforgeability against adaptive chosen messages attack under gap bilinear Diffie-Hellman and computational Diffie-Hellman problem and Discrete logarithm.

zh-cn	针对阵元间互耦效应导致嵌套阵列测向性能下降的问题，该文提出两种不同的平移嵌套阵列结构，在保证产生虚拟阵列无孔的条件下，通过对原二级嵌套阵列阵元位置进行调整，形成平移嵌套阵列，提高了原二级嵌套阵列的稀疏性，降低了阵元间的互耦效应，扩展了原嵌套阵列的测向自由度。
en-us	The performance of direction finding for nested array degrades due to the mutual coupling effect among the elements. Two different translational nested array structures are proposed. In order to ensure that the virtual array has no holes, a translational nested array is formed by adjusting the positions of the original two level nested array elements. It improves the sparsity of the original two level nested array, reduces the mutual coupling effect, and extends the direction finding freedom of the original nested array.

zh-cn	在空间辐射源数目未知条件下，建立了平移嵌套阵列稀疏贝叶斯学习(SBL)算法模型，对形成的虚拟阵列接收数据进行处理，获得角度估计，有效提高了原嵌套阵列测向算法的测向性能。
en-us	Under the condition of unknown number of spatial radiation sources, a Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL) model for translational nested array is established. Through this model, the received data of the virtual array is processed, the DOA estimation is obtained and the direction finding performance of the original nested array direction finding algorithm is effectively improved.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，平移嵌套阵列自由度高于原嵌套阵列，在低信噪比、小快拍数、存在互耦影响条件下，基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的平移嵌套阵列测向算法测向精度优于原嵌套阵列测向算法，并且提高了原嵌套阵列测向算法的角度分辨率。
en-us	Simulation results show that the translational nested array has higher degree of freedom than the original nested array. Under the scenarios of low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), snapshot deficiency, and mutual coupling effect, the performance of direction finding algorithm for translational nested array based on Sparse Bayesian Learning is better than that of direction finding algorithm for the original nested array. The angle resolution of direction finding algorithm for the original nested array is improved.

zh-cn	相比于传统两步定位方法，直接定位方法具有更高的定位精度，但现有的基于阵列模型的直接定位方法未能够有效利用多普勒频移信息，其定位精度有待进一步提升。
en-us	The Direct Position Determination (DPD) methods outperform the classic two-step localization methods in localization accuracy, while the existing DPD methods based on array antenna models do not exploit Doppler frequency shift information to improve localization accuracy further.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，该文提出一种融合多普勒频移信息的阵列数据域直接定位方法。
en-us	Fusing Doppler frequency shift information, a DPD method based on array antenna model is proposed to overcome the above mentioned shortcoming.

zh-cn	首先构建了融合多普勒信息的直接定位模型，然后基于最大似然准则将信号源位置估计转化为求解位置信息矩阵最大特征值问题，并结合矩阵转置性质降低复杂度，最后通过 2 维搜索得到目标信号源位置估计。
en-us	Firstly, a DPD model fusing Doppler frequency shift information is constructed. Then, a maximum likelihood estimator is designed and emitter's position estimation is transformed to calculating the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix containing location information. The property of eigenvalue keeping unchanged after matrix transpose is used to simplify the calculation. Finally, the emitter's position is estimated via a two-dimensional grid search.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法较目前的阵列数据域直接定位方法和多普勒频移直接定位方法的定位精度具有较大提高。
en-us	Simulations show that the proposed method is superior over the DPD methods based on array antenna models and the DPD methods only using Doppler frequency shift information in localization accuracy.

zh-cn	水下滑翔机的运动导致滑翔机位置和相对距离的变化，引起了滑翔机间的信号传输时间改变，进而导致水下滑翔机间通信可靠性的下降。
en-us	The movement of the underwater gliders leads to the change in the position and relative distance among the gliders, which causes a change in the propagation delay of packets between gliders, and then it leads to a decrease in the reliability of communication between underwater gliders.

zh-cn	传统水下媒体接入控制(MAC)协议面向静态拓扑网络，不适用于动态变化的网络拓扑。
en-us	The traditional underwater Media Access Control (MAC) protocols are for static topology networks and do not apply to dynamically varying network topology.

zh-cn	该文提出一种水下滑翔机组网的动态 MAC 机制。
en-us	Thus, a new MAC mechanism for the underwater glider networks is proposed.

zh-cn	新机制利用水下滑翔机运动模型进行位置预测，根据预测结果和相邻滑翔机间的位置共享动态计算时隙长度，并进行分配和预约收发，水下滑翔机在收发过程中以团队协作方式避免冲突。
en-us	It predicts location based on underwater glider motion model. It calculates time slots dynamically according to the predicted results and the shared position information of underwater gliders. Then, it allocates time slots and reserves to the send and the receive. Underwater gliders avoid collisions with teamwork in the process of sending and receiving.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该机制的数据包投递率与运动预测 MAC(P-MAC)和预约 MAC(R-MAC)协议相比分别提高了 12%和 25%，更适用于由水下滑翔机组成的动态网络。
en-us	Simulation results show that in this mechanism, the packet received rate increases by 12% and 25% comparing to the Prediction based MAC (P-MAC) protocol and Reservation based MAC (R-MAC) protocol, respectively. The result indicates that the new mechanism is more suitable for the dynamic network composed of underwater gliders.

zh-cn	平顶波束在无线能量传输中能够保证接收端功率密度的均匀性，对提高接收效率以及简化整流电路的设计具有重要意义。
en-us	Flat-topped beams can provide a uniform power density to the receiver in wireless power transmission, which is of great significance to improve the receiving efficiency and to simplify the design of rectifier circuit.

zh-cn	该文首先基于 Orchard 综合，控制 Schelkunoff 单位圆零点位置，得到了实现平顶波束的条件；
en-us	This paper firstly studies the conditions of realizing flat-topped beam based on the Orchard synthesis by moving the zero points positions on the Schelkunoff's unit circle;

zh-cn	然后通过引入 Sinc 函数，给出了平顶波束的解与平顶宽度的对应关系；
en-us	secondly, it introduces the Sinc function and gives the relationship between the solution and the width of a flat-topped beam;

zh-cn	最后利用微扰法编程计算，讨论了平顶宽度与矩形系数、波纹系数、副瓣电平之间的数值关系。
en-us	finally, it discusses the relationship between the width and three parameters, rectangle coefficient, ripple factor, and side lobes level by using perturbation method and numerous calculations.

zh-cn	以一款 10 元阵为例，实现了副瓣低于22 dB-且宽度很窄的平顶波束，验证了该文方法和结论的有效性。
en-us	An example of ten-element array is given to illustrate the procedure of achieving the narrowest flat-topped beam with a side lobe level less than 22 dB-, verifying the efficiency of the methods and conclusion in this paper.

zh-cn	稀疏码多址接入(Sparse Code Multiple Access, SCMA)作为一种基于多维码本的非正交多址技术，能有效满足 5G 的巨连接、高频谱效率和毫秒级时延需求。
en-us	Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) is a non-orthogonal multiple access technology based on multi-dimensional codebook, which can effectively address challenges in 5G such as massive connectivity, high spectral efficiency and millisecond delay.

zh-cn	针对基于门限的消息传递算法(Message Passing Algorithm, MPA)存在低门限时误比特率(Bit Error Rate, BER)较高的问题，该文提出一种改进的 SCMA 多用户检测算法。
en-us	For the problem that threshold-based Message Passing Algorithm (MPA) has a high Bit Error Rate (BER) when the threshold is low, an improved SCMA multiuser detection scheme is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	所提出的算法在基于门限 MPA 的基础上，增加了对用户节点稳定性必要条件的判决，即只有符合门限条件并通过用户节点稳定性必要条件判决的用户才能被提前解码。
en-us	Based on the threshold MPA scheme, the proposed scheme adds a judgment on the necessary conditions of user node stability. The users who not only satisfy the threshold criterion but also pass the judgment on the necessary conditions of user node stability can be decoded in advance.

zh-cn	这提高了提前判决码字的可靠性并减少了因变相硬判的检测机制造成的后验软信息损失。
en-us	This improves the reliability of codeword which is judged in advance and reduces the loss of posterior soft information caused by the detection mechanism similar to the hard decision.

zh-cn	与基于门限的 MPA 相比，所提出的算法可使消息在低门限时迭代得更加充分，从而在低门限时仍然能够使 SCMA 用户获得较好的 BER 性能。
en-us	Compared with the threshold-based MPA scheme, the proposed scheme allows the messages to be iterated more fully at low thresholds, which makes SCMA users achieve better BER performance at low thresholds.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，在低门限时采用该文所提出的算法SCMA 用户 BER 性能明显好于仅采用基于门限的 MPA 的 BER 性能。
en-us	The simulation results show that better BER performance is achieved with the proposed scheme than that with the threshold-based MPA scheme for SCMA users.

zh-cn	针对不连续地形难以精确重建地形高程的问题，将干涉图残差点和相邻像素点差异比较相结合的坏点判断方法与基于全变分能量函数的最大后验估计算法结合起来，该文提出一种改进的多基线 InSAR 高程重建方法。
en-us	This paper proposes an improved multi-baseline InSAR height reconstruction approach to reconstruct height models of discontinuous terrains through combining with the Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimation based on Total Variation (TV) model energy function and a defective pixel judgment method composed of interferogram residues and comparison of adjacent pixels differences.

zh-cn	该方法利用干涉图残差点和相邻像素点差异比较对不连续点计算原理的不同，对基于全变分能量函数的最大后验估计算法重建的预估地形高程图进行坏点判断，有效判断出高程图不连续点中由于噪声或计算误差引起的坏点，并对预估地形高程图中坏点进行适当加权更新获得最终估计的地形高程图。
en-us	The proposed method utilizes the difference discontinuous pixels between interferogram residues and comparison of adjacent pixels differences, to make defective pixels judgment from reconstructed terrain graphs obtained by the MAP estimation based on TV model energy function, which estimates efficiently defective pixels caused by errors or noise from discontinuous pixels, and then updates relatively defective pixels to obtain the final terrain height estimation.

zh-cn	该文算法在保留基于全变分能量函数的最大后验估计算法简便的优点的同时提高了目标地形高程的估计精度。
en-us	The presented algorithm not only keeps the convenience of MAP estimation algorithm but also improves estimation precision for height models of objective terrains.

zh-cn	最后通过 2 种不同类型地形的仿真实验，表明该方法简单有效。
en-us	Experiences of two different types of terrain show that the proposed approach is efficient as well as valid.

zh-cn	为提高语音通信系统在噪声环境下的使用性能，该文提出一种基于子带谱减与广义旁瓣抵消的双微阵列语音增强方法。
en-us	In order to improve the performance of speech communication system in noisy environment, a dual micro-array speech enhancement method based on subband spectrum subtraction and generalized sidelobe canceller is proposed.

zh-cn	基于双微阵列及子带结构分析，首先分别在低频带采用可变过减因子谱减法抑制噪声，在高频带采用修改互功率谱谱减法抑制非相干性噪声部分，再结合广义旁瓣抵消与端点检测进一步抑制强相关性噪声的影响。
en-us	Based on dual micro-array structure and the subband structure analysis, this method suppresses the noise in the low frequency band by the spectrum subtraction method which may employ variable over-subtraction factor in it and suppresses the non-coherent noise part in the high frequency band by modifying cross power spectrum subtraction method, respectively. Then generalized sidelobe canceller and voice activity detector are combined with the method mentioned above to further suppress the influence of strong coherent noise further.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方法能够更加有效地抑制噪声的影响并提高语音的可懂度。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method can suppress the influence of noise and improve the intelligibility of speech more effectively.

zh-cn	针对 K2 算法过度依赖节点序，遗传算法节点序寻优效率差的问题，该文提出一种直接对节点序进行评分搜索的贝叶斯结构学习算法。
en-us	The performance of the K2 algorithm depends on node ordering heavily, and the genetic algorithm can not find the node ordering effectively.

zh-cn	该算法以 K2 算法为基础，首先通过计算支撑树权重矩阵，构建能够定量评价节点序的适应度函数。
en-us	For these problems, a new Bayesian structure learning algorithm, named NOK2 (Node Ordering searching for K2 algorithm), is proposed to solve the Bayesian structure learning problem by searching node ordering directly.

zh-cn	然后通过提出混合交叉策略和孤立节点处理机制，同时利用动态学习因子和倒置变异策略，提升遗传算法节点序寻优的性能。
en-us	Hybrid crossover strategy and isolating node operation are adopted to improve the optimal result of node order searched by genetic algorithm. And dynamic learning constants and inverted mutation strategy are used at the same time.

zh-cn	最后将得到的节点序作为 K2 算法的先验知识得到最优贝叶斯网络结构。
en-us	The optimized node sequence is taken as a prior knowledge of the K2 algorithm to construct the optimal Bayesian network structure.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该方法解决了 K2 算法依赖先验知识的问题，相比于其它优化算法，评分值平均增加了 13.11%。
en-us	Compared with other optimization algorithms, experimental results indicate that the NOK2 algorithm can significantly increase nearly 13.11% in the scoring metric values.

zh-cn	在云计算和数据中心环境中，底层单个物理服务器的失效将对上层虚拟网络的服务性能造成很大的影响，现有利用冗余备份的方法能够在一定程度上降低底层物理设备失效带来的影响，但未考虑到物理服务器的同构性所带来的问题，为此，该文提出一种异构备份式的虚拟网映射方法。
en-us	The failure of a single physical server will cause a bad impact on the performance of the virtual networks in the cloud computing and data center environments. The existing approaches that provision redundant and backup physical resources are able to reduce the impact due to failure of physical devices, however, they do not pay attention to homogeneous issues of the physical servers. Thus, a heterogeneous-backup virtual network embedding method is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，只对关键的虚拟机进行冗余备份，降低备份资源的开销；
en-us	Firstly, the redundant and backup physical resources are only provided to critical virtual machines so that the method can save the overhead of backup resources.

zh-cn	然后，确保提供备份虚拟机的物理服务器与原物理服务器的系统类型的异构性，提高虚拟网的弹性能力；
en-us	Then, in order to improve resilience of the virtual networks, substrate nodes corresponding to the primary and backup embedding of each virtual machine must be heterogeneous.

zh-cn	最后，以最小化链路资源开销作为虚拟网的映射目标，进一步降低备份资源的开销。
en-us	Finally, the total cost of provisioning bandwidth on the substrate links for the total virtual network is minimized as the objective function to further save the overhead of backup resources.

zh-cn	实验表明，该方法在保证虚拟网络映射性能的前提下，能够大大提高虚拟网络的弹性能力。
en-us	Simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to significantly improve resilience of the virtual networks on the premise of guaranteeing the performance of virtual networks embedding.

zh-cn	该文研究了有限域( )2GF q上长度为() ()2211mqq--的常循环码。
en-us	In this paper, constacyclic codes over the finite field ( )2GF q of length () ()2211mqq-- are studied.

zh-cn	给出一类常循环码是厄米特对偶包含码的一个充要条件，并确定了这类常循环厄米特对偶包含码的参数。
en-us	A sufficient and necessary condition for a class of constacyclic codes to be Hermitian dual-containing codes is given, and the parameters of this class of constacyclic codes are determined.

zh-cn	利用厄米特构造，得到了比量子 BCH 码参数更好的量子纠错码。
en-us	Using Hermitian construction, the obtained quantum codes, are better than the parameters of quantum BCH codes.

zh-cn	GNSS 信号的空间信号(SIS)质量直接影响用户的定位、测试和授时(Positioning, Velocity and Timing, PVT)服务精度，但由于授权信号保密等原因，授权信号的伪码序列未知，卫星导航系统授权信号质量评估存在一定的困难性。
en-us	The quality of Signal-In-Space (SIS) for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is directly linked to users'  Positioning, Velocity  and  Timing  (PVT)  service.  Limited  to  the  insensitivity  of  authorized  signals,  the pseudo codes can not be obtained, so it is difficult to assess the authorized signal quality.

zh-cn	该文主要分析 GPS  BIIF-5 卫星 L1 频点的相干自适应副载波调制(CASM)信号，利用匹配滤波理论恢复出采集数据中的 P(Y)码和 M 码两个授权信号分量的伪码符号，采用极大似然估计结合信号分布特点准确求解出各信号分量之间的功率分配。
en-us	This paper mainly focus on analyzing the Coherent Adaptive Subcarrier Modulation (CASM) signal on L1 frequency points for GPS BIIF-5 satellite and the code sequences of P(Y) and M signal are resumed by using matched filtering technology. The power distribution of each signal component can be solved through the maximum likelihood estimation theory combined with the signal characteristics.

zh-cn	重点分析 P(Y)码和 M 码信号相关性能，包含相关曲线、相关损失和 S 曲线过零点偏差(S-Curve bias)，定量地评估了授权信号的空间信号质量。
en-us	This paper laies special stress on quantitatively analyzing the correlation performance on P(Y) and M signals, including correlation curve, correlation loss and S-curve biases.

zh-cn	提出完整的基于 GPS  L1 频点授权信号质量评估方法，研究成果可作为其他卫星导航系统授权信号质量评估的参考。
en-us	Based on this complete authorized signals quality assessment method for GPS L1, the research productions can be reference to other satellite navigation systems' authorized signals.

zh-cn	为实现低复杂度、高精度的可变分数时延滤波器设计，该文提出一种截止频率可控的高效设计法。
en-us	In order to design variable fractional delay filters with low complexity and high accuracy, an efficient design method with controllable cut-off frequency is proposed, which integrates the analytic all-phase filter design, the cubic spline interpolation and Taylor series expansion.

zh-cn	该方法将全相位滤波器的解析设计与三次样条插值和泰勒级数展开相结合，既可以通过设置时延参数精确地调整滤波器的分数时延，又可以通过设置截止频率参数快速配置 Farrow 结构中各子滤波器的抽头系数，从而灵活地调整滤波器的截止频率。
en-us	In the proposed design, not only the time delay of the filter can be precisely adjusted by setting the delay parameter, but also the tap coefficients of each subfilter in the Farrow structure can be rapidly configured via setting the cut-off frequency parameter, thus the cut-off frequency of the filter can be adjusted flexibly.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，所提方法适用于设计具有中、低截止频率的可变分数时延滤波器，其设计复杂度相比于现有的加权最小二乘设计法低 1 个数量级。
en-us	Numerical simulations show that, the proposed method is especially suitable to design variable fractional delay filters with low or middle cut-off frequencies, and its computation complexity is one order of magnitude lower than that of the existing Weighted Least Squares (WLS) design.

zh-cn	多用户共享接入是一种非正交多址接入技术，由于采用了复数域扩频技术，其性能必然受到扩展序列的影响，因此需要对扩展序列进行优选和改进。
en-us	Multi-User Shared Access (MUSA) is a non-orthogonal multiple access technology, and its performance will be affected by the spreading sequence due to the usage of complex domain spread spectrum technology, so the spreading  sequences  should  be  optimized  and  improved.

zh-cn	针对现有序列优选算法在进行互相关优选时只考虑了互相关峰值的影响，该文提出一种改进的序列优选算法，该优选算法同时考虑了互相关峰值和互相关均方值的影响，仿真分析表明，系统使用该文提出的优选算法比使用现有的优选算法优选出的序列在相同 BER 时，可以改善 0.9 dB 左右的 SNR 性能。
en-us	Considering the problem that only the influence of cross-correlation peak is taken into account in the process of cross-correlation optimization in the existing optimization algorithm, an improved spreading sequence optimization algorithm is proposed. Both the influences of cross-correlation peak and the cross-correlation mean square are taken into consideration. The simulation results show that the proposed  algorithm can promote 0.9 dB SNR performance in the same BER than the existing algorithm.

zh-cn	此外，扩展序列的随机选取会导致序列发生碰撞，为降低碰撞概率，该文利用星座图的增益指数特性，提出一类改进的复扩展序列。
en-us	In addition, the random selection of the spreading sequences will lead to the collision of the sequence. In order to reduce the collision probability, a set of improved complex spreading sequences based on constellation figure of merit is proposed.

zh-cn	该文提出的改进复序列比 MUSA 使用的三元复序列具有更高的星座图增益指数，经过优选后，可以优选出数量更多的优良序列，在相同 BER 下与优选后的三元复序列相比，可以改善 1  d B 左右的性能，在 BER 为310−时，用户过载率可以提高 15%左右，进一步改善系统性能。
en-us	The proposed complex sequence has a higher constellation figure of merit than the triple-level complex spreading sequence. Additionally, more excellent spreading sequences can be obtained after optimization,  and when compared with the optimized triple-level  complex spreading sequence, the SNR performance can promote about 1 dB in the same BER and the user overloading ratio can improve 15% when BER is 310−, which can further promote the performance of MUSA system.

zh-cn	针对卫星认知无线网络频谱感知不确定性较大导致传统频谱接入机制效率降低的问题，该文提出一种基于动态多频谱感知的信道接入优化策略。
en-us	In allusion to the low efficiency of traditional spectrum access strategies caused by high spectrum sensing uncertainty of satellite cognitive communication network, a novel  optimized channel access strategy based on dynamic multi-spectrum sensing is proposed.

zh-cn	认知 LEO 卫星根据频谱检测概率与授权用户干扰门限之间的关系，实时调整不同频谱感知结果下的信道接入概率。
en-us	The cognitive LEO satellite could adjust the probability of channel access in time with different spectrum sensing results according to the relationship between spectrum detection probability and maximum interference threshold of primary user.

zh-cn	在此基础上以系统吞吐量最大化为目标，设计了一种基于频谱检测概率和虚警概率联合优化的判决门限选取策略，并推导了最佳感知频谱数量。
en-us	In order to achieve the maximize throughput of cognitive system, a strategy for decision  threshold selection based on joint optimization between spectrum detection probability and false alarm probability is designed, and the optimized number of sensing spectrums is derived.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，认知用户能够在不大于授权用户最大干扰门限的前提下，根据授权信道空闲状态动态选择最佳频谱感知策略，且在检测信号信噪比较低时以更加积极的方式接入授权频谱，降低了频谱感知不确定性对信道接入效率的影响，提高了认知系统吞吐量。
en-us	Simulation results indicate that cognitive LEO satellite is able to select optimized spectrum  sensing strategy dynamically according to the idle states of primary channels with the interference limitation of primary user, and access primary channels more positively especially when the signal-to-noise ratio of detecting signals is low. The influence of  spectrum sensing uncertainty on the efficiency of channel access is depressed and the throughput of cognitive system is improved by the proposed channel access strategy.

zh-cn	针对传统宽带数字接收机在接收宽带雷达信号时产生的跨信道问题，以及低截获概率(LPI)雷达信号脉内调制盲识别问题，该文提出一种基于调制宽带转换器(MWC)离散压缩采样的新型宽带数字接收机结构对宽带雷达信号进行截获和识别。
en-us	To solve the cross-channel signal problem when receiving wideband radar signals with the conventional wideband digital receiver, and the blind intra-pulse modulation recognition  problem for Low Probability of Intercept  (LPI) radar signals, a new wideband digital  receiver based on the Modulated Wideband Converter (MWC) discrete compressed sampling structure is proposed to intercept and recognize the wideband radar signals.

zh-cn	该结构采用伪随机序列将接收信号混频至基带和其他子带内，经低通滤波、降速采样获得基带压缩采样信号，解决了跨信道信号问题；
en-us	The proposed structure uses the pseudo-random sequences to mix the received signals to  baseband and other sub-bands, the mixed signals are then low-pass filtered and down-sampled to get the baseband compressed sampling data, which could solve the cross-channel signal problem flexibly.

zh-cn	又提出一种基于短时傅里叶变换(STFT)和频谱能量聚焦率检验的识别算法。
en-us	Furthermore, a recognition method based on the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and the spectrum energy focusing rate test is proposed.

zh-cn	首先检验 STFT 频谱带宽并进行调相和调频信号粗识别，然后检验压缩采样信号频谱能量聚焦率并进行具体的信号脉内调制识别。
en-us	Firstly, the STFT spectrum bandwidth is tested to distinguish phase modulation signals and frequency modulation signals recognition roughly. Then, the spectrum energy focusing  rate of the compressed sampling data is tested to recognize the intra-pulse modulation type specifically.

zh-cn	仿真结果证明了该新型接收机结构和该识别算法在低信噪比下的有效性。
en-us	Finally, simulation results validate the efficiencies of the proposed receiver and the proposed recognition method in low Signal-to-Noise Rations (SNR).

zh-cn	针对当前多参数加权分数阶傅里叶变换(Multiple  Parameters  Weighted-type  FRactional  Fourier Transform,  MP-WFRFT)星座特征缺乏定量研究的缺限，该文提出一种新型的星座叠加数学模型。
en-us	In view of the fact that there exists little research on the constellation characteristic of  Multiple Parameters Weighted-type FRactional Fourier Transform (MP-WFRFT), a novel mathematical model based on constellation superposition is proposed.

zh-cn	通过分别研究信号的时域及频域分量，给出了星座模糊及裂变的定性及定量分析结论，并搭建了基于 MP-WFRFT 的星座预编码系统。
en-us	By analyzing the time domain and frequency domain components of the MP-WFRFT modulated signal, the quantitative and qualitative conclusions are provided, about the constellation splitting and Gaussian-like characteristics and the constellation precoding system is built based on MP-WFRFT.

zh-cn	通过构建相关混合整数优化模型，并利用遗传算法进行模型优化，进而设计出符合预期通信需求的预编码系统。经仿真分析，验证了所提出的星座叠加数学模型及优化方案的正确性；
en-us	The related mixed integer optimization model is put forward and the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to solute the optimization. Then the desired MP-WFRFT-based precoding  system is obtained. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed constellation superposition model and its corresponding optimization model are correct.

zh-cn	同时通过 USRP 硬件平台测试表明了所搭建的基于 MP-WFRFT 星座预编码系统的可行性。
en-us	Besides, the tests obtained on USRP platforms also show that the constellation precoding system based on MP-WFRFT is practical.

zh-cn	异构无线网络接入控制问题包含多个优化目标，现有算法考虑不全面且多是将其转换为单目标求解，限制了各目标的相对关系，无法适应不同的实际需求。
en-us	Access control of heterogeneous wireless networks contains many optimization objectives.  The optimization objectives of existing algorithms are incompletem and most of them are converted to single objective which restricts the relative relation of each target and can not meet the different demands.

zh-cn	该文提出一种直接采用多目标进化算法的接入控制算法。
en-us	Therefore, an access control algorithm is proposed, which uses the multi-objective evolutionary algorithm directly.

zh-cn	首先将优化目标扩展为 3 个，分别是最小化阻塞率、最小化占用总资源和负载均衡；
en-us	First, the optimization objective is extended to three, which are the minimization of blocking rate, the minimization of occupancy resources and load balancing.

zh-cn	其次引入基于分解的多目标进化算法(MOEA/D)并设计进化策略，进行初步寻优；
en-us	Secondly, the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm based on Decomposition (MOEA/D) is introduced and evolutionary strategy is designed to perform preliminary optimization.

zh-cn	最后通过非支配排序得到 Pareto 最优解集，即最佳接入方案。
en-us	Finally, the Pareto optimal solution set is obtained by non-dominated sorting, that is, the best access control scheme.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法可以提高各优化目标的求解精度，从而提高业务接入成功率和网络资源利用率，并且为决策者提供多种接入方案，可根据实际需求进行最优选择。
en-us	The  simulation  results  show  that  the  proposed  algorithm  improves  the  accuracy  of  each optimization objective, and thus improves the success rate of access and the utilization ratio of network resources. It can also provide a variety of optimal access control schemes for decision makers, which can be optimally chosen according to actual requirements.

zh-cn	针对高误码率情况下(n,1,m)卷积码的盲识别问题，该文提出一种新的基于改进 Walsh-Hadamard 变换(Walsh-Hadamard Transform, WHT)的方法。
en-us	Considering the blind recognition of (n,1,m) convolutional codes at high bit error rate, a novel method based on modified Walsh-Hadamard Transform (WHT) is presented.

zh-cn	首先将原问题等效为多路 1/2 码率卷积码的盲识别问题，并建立关于其生成多项式系数的线性方程组。
en-us	First, the original issue is equivalent to the blind recognition of several 1/2 rate convolutional codes, and a system of linear equations for generating polynomial coefficients is established.

zh-cn	然后分析了现有基于 WHT 的方法直接求解该方程组所存在的不足，重新建立更稳健的判决门限，同时通过缩小解的取值范围降低计算量，进而在求得正确解向量的同时完成对码长的识别。
en-us	Disadvantages of the existing methods based on WHT are analyzed, after which a more robust decision threshold is deduced, with a reduction in computational complexity by limiting the range of roots, and then the code length is recognized while the correct solution vector is found.

zh-cn	最后，将多路等效 1/2 码率卷积码的生成多项式按一定条件组合，得到(n,1,m)卷积码的生成多项式矩阵。
en-us	Finally, the generator polynomial matrix of (n,1,m) convolutional codes is obtained by combining the generator polynomial of the equivalent 1/2 rate convolutional codes.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性，且性能优于传统方法。
en-us	The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, which has a better performance when comparing to the traditional method.

zh-cn	针对传统点集非刚体配准算法对复杂局部形变数据配准精度低，收敛速度慢等问题，该文提出一种基于局部仿射配准的鲁棒非刚体配准算法。
en-us	To solve the problem that the traditional point set non-rigid registration algorithm has low precision and slow convergence speed for complex local deformation data, this paper proposes a robust non-rigid registration algorithm based on local affine registration.

zh-cn	该算法采用分层迭代的方式由粗到精地完成点集的非刚体配准。
en-us	The algorithm uses a hierarchical iterative method to complete the non-rigid registration of the point set from coarse to fine.

zh-cn	在每层迭代中，首先对子形状点集集合和子目标点集集合进行分块处理并更新分块后每一类子点集的形状控制点。
en-us	In each iteration, the sub shape point sets and sub target point sets are divided and the shape control points of each sub point set are updated.

zh-cn	然后利用控制点引导仿射迭代最近点(ICP)算法求解对应子点集间的局部仿射变换。
en-us	Then the control point guided affine Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm is used to solve the local affine transformation between the corresponding sub point sets.

zh-cn	接着利用上一步求解的局部仿射变换，更新子形状点集集合及其形状控制点集合。
en-us	Next, the local affine transformation obtained by the previous step is used to update the sub data point sets and their shape control point sets.

zh-cn	直到配准误差收敛时，循环结束并输出更新后的形状点集。
en-us	Until the registration error converges, the loop ends and outputs the updated shape point set.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法与传统点集非刚体算法相比具有更强的精确性和收敛性。
en-us	Experimental results demonstrate that the accuracy and convergence of the proposed algorithm are greatly improved compared with the traditional point set non-rigid registration algorithms.

zh-cn	基于模糊逻辑方法在心理语言学研究领域的有效性，该文提出基于模糊感知强度和韦伯定律的一类新的无规则模糊逻辑系统及其自适应控制应用的方法。
en-us	Based on the effectiveness of the fuzzy logic in the field of psychological linguistics research, this paper proposes a new kind of fuzzy logic system without any rules based on fuzzy perception intensity and Weber's law, and the method of adaptive control application.

zh-cn	首先，应用心理物理学中的概念，模糊逻辑系统的知识库是利用模糊感觉强度来描述专家经验感受；
en-us	Firstly, applying the concept of psychophysics, the knowledge base of fuzzy logic system is constructed by fuzzy perception intensity, which describes expert's experience feelings.

zh-cn	模糊推理后应用广义韦伯定律进行解模糊得到系统输出。
en-us	After fuzzy reasoning, the final output is obtained from defuzzification by generalized Weber's law.

zh-cn	然后，针对一类非线性系统，利用构造的新的无规则模糊逻辑系统进行自适应控制设计，得到相应的控制器和参数自适应律。
en-us	Secondly, for a class of nonlinear system, this new fuzzy logic system is adopted to design adaptive controller and parameter's adaptive  laws.

zh-cn	最后，通过Duffing 混沌系统仿真算例验证了该文方法的可行性和有效性。
en-us	Finally, the feasibility and validity of the method are illustrated through the synchronization simulation about Duffing chaotic systems.

zh-cn	针对单个环境上下文中项目访问记录稀疏的问题，推荐系统难以获取与当前环境上下文关联的用户偏好。
en-us	In the recommendation system, a critical challenge is that individual environment context log may not contain sufficient item access records for mining his/her environment context preferences.

zh-cn	该文设计了一种新的上下文关联性推荐(CTRR)算法。
en-us	This paper designs a Contextual Topic-based Relevance Recommendation (CTRR) algorithm.

zh-cn	CTRR 算法通过 CTRR_LDA 模型求解推荐项目出现在特定环境上下文的概率，并结合上下文后过滤推荐算法，对用户进行推荐。
en-us	The CTRR algorithm uses the CTRR_LDA model and a post filtering strategy to recommend items to users in a specific environment context.

zh-cn	CTRR_LDA 模型是在(LDA)模型的基础上，结合环境上下文和项目特征上下文，提出的项目与环境上下文的关联概率模型。
en-us	CTRR_LDA is an improved LDA model, which combines environment contexts and item feature contexts to calculate the probability of the item appeared.

zh-cn	该模型将环境上下文划分为多个环境上下文因子，每个环境上下文因子表示为 K 维的主题分布，挖掘环境上下文因子中项目出现的潜在主题特征。
en-us	In this model, the environment context is divided into multiple environment context factors. Each environment context factor can be expressed as a K-dimensional topic distribution. Then the CTRR_LDA model is used to mine the latent topic of the items in each environment context factor.

zh-cn	利用 LDOS-CoMoDa 网站上真实的电影数据集进行实验，验证了算法的可靠性。
en-us	According to the experimental results on the LDOS-CoMoDa datasets, the reliability of algorithm is validated in the context-aware recommendation scenario.

zh-cn	该文结合掌纹图像的纹理特点，对原始韦伯局部描述子(WLD)中的差分激励和梯度方向进行改进，提出双 Gabor 方向韦伯局部描述子(DGWLD)，以提高掌纹识别率。
en-us	In order to improve the palmprint recognition rate, this paper improves differential excitation and gradient orientation of Weber Local Descriptor (WLD) based on the texture features of palmprint images, and proposes a Double Gabor orientation Weber Local Descriptor (DGWLD).

zh-cn	在构建新的差分激励图时，通过加入邻域像素点与中心像素点间灰度差分的方向信息，扩大异类掌纹间的差异。
en-us	The directional information of the difference between the neighborhood pixels and the central pixel is considered to enlarge the difference between palmprint, when constructing the new differential excitation map.

zh-cn	同时，采用双 Gabor 方向代替原始的梯度方向，减小平移和旋转对识别的影响。
en-us	At the same time, gradient orientation is replaced by double Gabor orientation to reduce the influence of translation and rotation.

zh-cn	此外，为了更好地衡量特征间的相似度，使用交叉匹配算法，进一步提升识别率。
en-us	In addition, a feature cross matching algorithm is used for further improve the recognition rate.

zh-cn	在Poly U, MSpalmprint 和 CASIA 掌纹库上进行实验，识别率均达到 100%。
en-us	Experiments on PolyU, MSpalmprint and CASIA palmprint databases show that the recognition rate is up to 100%.

zh-cn	实验的结果表明，与其它局部描述子和已有改进的 WLD 方法相比，该文方法具有更高的识别率和更低的等错误率。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method is superior in terms of identification rate and equal error rate compared with other local descriptor methods and improved WLD methods.

zh-cn	人体脉搏波速度(PWV)被认为是体现心脑血管健康和血管壁弹性变化的重要因素之一。
en-us	Human Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) is considered to be one of the important factors that reflects the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health and the elasticity change of vascular wall.

zh-cn	医学上对脉搏波速的研究也变得越来越热，许多诸如糖尿病、高血压、冠心病、动脉硬化等疾病也都与之有密切关系。
en-us	The research of medical pulse wave velocity becomes increasingly hot, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and other diseases are also closely related.

zh-cn	因此，对脉搏波速度(PWV)的检测具有重要的、特殊的意义。
en-us	Therefore, the detection of PWV has important and special significance.

zh-cn	该文主要从信号提取和信号分析方面入手研究脉搏波，利用标准时钟信号插入所提取的肱动脉与桡动脉信号之间以及多点脉搏波信号相位差之间取平均值的双模算法，从而更精确地计算出 PWV，并且其求解的 PWV 标准差为 0.06~0.12。
en-us	This paper focuses on signal extraction and signal analysis to study the pulse wave, using the standard clock signal to insert the signal extracted between the brachial artery and radial artery and the dual-mode algorithm of the average among the phase difference of multi-point pulse wave signal, then the PWV is accurately calculated, and its standard deviation is between 0.06 and 0.12.

zh-cn	该文所使用的双模算法在实时性、测量精度和稳定性方面，优于传统的 PWV 测量方法，可应用于脉搏波相关的医学研究和实验中。
en-us	The dual-mode algorithm is superior to the traditional PWV measurement method in real-time, measurement accuracy and stability. It can be used in pulse wave medical research and experiments.

zh-cn	为了提高随机抽样一致性算法在特征匹配中的执行速度，该文提出一种基于特征距离与内点的随机抽样一致性算法。
en-us	In order to improve the operation efficiency of the RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC) in feature registration, the Random Sample Consensus based on Feature Distance and Inliers (RSCFDI) is proposed.

zh-cn	首先提出基于特征距离的先验概率引导方法，来提高算法每步循环找到正确模型的概率。
en-us	Firstly, the priori probability guidance method based on feature distance is proposed for increasing the probability of searching correct model in each loop.

zh-cn	其次提出基于样本集与内点的随机抽样及计算方法，来提高算法的收敛速度。
en-us	Then, to increase the convergence rate, the random sampling and calculation method based on sample set and inliers is adopted.

zh-cn	最后提出基于最大值不变的循环跳出方法，来满足所提循环方法的跳出，同时提高运行效率。
en-us	Finally, the jumping out loop based on unchanged maximum is proposed to fit the proposed loop breaking, and the execution speed is elevated.

zh-cn	通过理论证明与实验验证，该文提出的算法在保证算法鲁棒性的同时，提高了执行速度。
en-us	The theoretical proof and experimental results show that the RSCFDI ensures the robustness of the algorithm, and the operation efficiency is improved.

zh-cn	医学电子计算机断层扫描(CT)序列图像中肝脏的准确分割是实现计算机辅助肝手术的重要前提，然而图像中存在的组织病变、边界模糊或缺失、不同组织间的粘连给肝脏分割带来极大挑战。
en-us	The accurate segmentation of liver in medical Computed Tomography (CT) sequence images is important prerequisite for computer-assisted liver surgery. However, the presence of tissue lesions, the blurred or missing boundary and the adhesion between different organs/tissues poses great challenges to liver segmentation.

zh-cn	针对这些问题，该文提出一种基于图像序列间先验约束的半自动分割方法，并进一步采取了多视角信息融合的方式实现肝脏的准确分割。
en-us	To address these problems, this paper presents a semi-automatic segmentation method based on the sequential constraints of image sequences, and introduces further a multi-view information fusion method to achieve the accurate segmentation of the liver.

zh-cn	该方法的优势在于无需大量数据的收集和复杂的先验训练。
en-us	One advantage of this approach is that it does not need extensive data collection and complicated prior training.

zh-cn	在 Sliver07 公开数据集合的验证结果显示，和领域内主要方法相比，该方法具有较高的分割准确度，特别是当肝脏区域存在病灶、边界模糊或缺失的情况下具有明显提升。
en-us	The validation and comparison results on the Sliver07 public data show that the proposed method shows competitive performance, especially when there is liver tumor, blurred or missing liver boundary.

zh-cn	针对低截获概率(LPI)雷达信号识别率低且特征提取困难的问题，该文提出一种基于 Choi-Williams 分布(CWD)和栈式稀疏自编码器(s SAE)的自动分类识别系统。
en-us	In order to solve the problem that the correct recognition rate of Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) radar signal is low and the feature extraction is difficult, an automatic classification and recognition system based on Choi-Williams Distribution (CWD) and stacked Sparse Auto-Encoder (sSAE) is proposed.

zh-cn	该系统从反映信号本质特征的时频图像入手，首先对 LPI雷达信号进行 CWD 时频分析，获取 2 维时频图像；
en-us	The system starts from the time-frequency image which reflects the essential characteristics of the signal. Firstly, the CWD is performed on the LPI radar signal to obtain the two-dimensional time-frequency image.

zh-cn	然后对得到的时频原始图像进行预处理，并把预处理后的图像送入多层稀疏自编码器(SAE)进行离线训练；
en-us	Then, the obtained time-frequency original image is preprocessed and the preprocessed image is sent into the multilayer SAE for off-line training.

zh-cn	最后把 SAE 自动提取的特征输入 softmax 分类器，实现雷达信号的在线分类识别。
en-us	Finally, the feature automatically extracted from the SAE is sent to the softmax classifier, to achieve on-line classification and identification of the radar signal.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，信噪比为 −6 dB 时，该系统对 8 种 LPI 雷达信号(LFM,  BPSK,  Costas,  Frank和 T1~T4)的整体平均识别率达到 96.4%，在低信噪比条件下明显优于人工设计提取信号特征的识别方法。
en-us	Simulation results show that the classification system achieves overall correct recognition rate of 96.4% at SNR of −6 dB for the eight LPI radar signals (LFM, BPSK, Costas, Frank and T1~T4), which is better than the method of manually designing the extract signal characteristics under low SNR conditions.

zh-cn	压制式干扰是广播式自动相关监视(ADS-B)系统面临的最常见且最有威胁的干扰之一。
en-us	Jamming is the one of most common and serious threats for Automatic Dependent Surveillance- Broadcast (ADS-B) system.

zh-cn	该文将最小色散算法应用到 ADS-B 信号压制式干扰抑制的研究中。
en-us	Minimum dispersion method is applied to jamming suppression for ADS-B in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，利用 ADS-B 信号的脉冲特性，将以往只考虑二阶统计量的形式扩展，重新建立 p 范数约束优化模型。
en-us	Firstly, based on the pulse characteristic of ADS-B, minimum dispersion method is obtained by solving the constrained optimization issue of p-norm, which expands the case that exploits only the second-order statistics of the array output in past.

zh-cn	然后，提取观测信号更低阶统计量中的有用信息，将解算最优加权矢量转化为一个最优化问题。
en-us	Then, the useful information in lower order statistics is used to convert the solution of optimal weight vector into an optimization problem.

zh-cn	最后，解算最优权矢量，对观测信号进行空域滤波，完成 ADS-B 的压制式干扰抑制，并对抑制结果进行性能分析。
en-us	Finally, jamming is mitigated by spatial filtering and the performance is analyzed.

zh-cn	文中提供的仿真实验结果验证了算法的有效性，该方法不需要知道 ADS-B 信号来向，也无需估计协方差矩阵。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The anti-jamming performance of this method is not limited by the prior knowledge of ADS-B direction and the covariance matrix estimation.

zh-cn	该文针对单调访问结构提出了一个解密成本为常数的具有追踪性的密文策略属性加密(CP-ABE)方案，该方案基于合数阶双线性群实现了标准模型下的适应安全性。
en-us	This paper puts forward a traceable Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) scheme for Monotone Access Structure (MAS), which is proved secure adaptively in the standard model by using composite order bilinear groups.

zh-cn	在所有已知的追踪性 CP-ABE 方案中，都使用线性秘密共享方案(LSSS)来表示单调访问结构，并用 LSSS 矩阵加密明文数据。
en-us	To date, for all traceable CP-ABE schemes, the MAS is represented by the Linear Secret Sharing Scheme (LSSS) and then the data are encrypted by using the corresponding LSSS matrix.

zh-cn	因此，其加密成本都随着 LSSS 矩阵的大小成线性增长，同时解密成本则随着满足要求的属性数量成线性增长。
en-us	Therefore, their encryption costs are linear with the size of the LSSS matrix, and the decryption costs are linear with the number of qualified rows in the LSSS matrix.

zh-cn	而在该文提出的追踪性 CP-ABE 方案中，使用最小授权子集集合来表示单调访问结构，并用该子集集合加密明文数据。
en-us	However, in the proposed traceable CP-ABE scheme, the MAS is represented by the set of minimal authorized set and then the data are encrypted by using the corresponding set.

zh-cn	因此，其加密成本随着最小授权子集的集合大小成线性增长，对于某些单调访问结构，该文方案具有更短的密文长度和更小的加密成本。
en-us	Therefore, the encryption costs are polynomial with the number of minimal authorized set, and for some access policies, the proposed scheme may have shorter ciphertext and lower encryption costs.

zh-cn	最重要的是，该文方案进行解密时，只需要 3 个双线性对操作和 2 个指数操作，解密成本为常数，实现了更快更高效的数据解密。
en-us	In addition, the most important thing is that the proposed decryption needs only three bilinear pairing computations and two exponent computations, which improves the efficiency extremely.

zh-cn	最后基于合数阶双线性群下的 3 个静态假设对方案进行了安全性证明，并进行了性能分析与实验验证。
en-us	Finally, the full security proof of the proposed scheme is given by using three static assumptions along with the detailed performance analysis and experiment validation.

zh-cn	该文针对现有动态帧时隙 ALOHA 标签防碰撞算法的系统吞吐率低、算法效率低等问题，提出一种可并行识别的分组动态帧时隙 ALOHA(PIGDFSA)标签防碰撞算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of low throughput rate and efficiency of the current dynamic frame slot ALOHA collision algorithms, a grouped dynamic frame slotted ALOHA tag anti-collision algorithm based on Parallelizable identification (PIGDFSA) is proposed.

zh-cn	该文以实验为基础，探索了待识别标签数、标签分组数、帧长对系统吞吐率与标签碰撞率的影响，研究了提升系统吞吐率与降低标签碰撞率的策略与方法。
en-us	Based on the experiments, the method and strategy of increasing the system throughput rate and lowering the tag collision rate are presented by exploring effects of the number of the tags and its groups, the frame length on the system throughout and tag collision rate.

zh-cn	结合射频识别(RFID)的多天线系统，引入 FastICA 技术，从而实现碰撞时隙重新定义，并以此为基础，利用未识别标签数目自适应确定分组数与帧长。
en-us	Combining the multi-antenna of the RFID system and FastICA technology, the collision slot can be redefined, and the number of the unrecognized tags can be used to set the number of groups and frame length adaptively.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明：PIGDFSA 算法在标签数达到 2000 时，算法吞吐率仍能稳定在 92%以上，与 FSA-256, GDFSA, BSDBG 等算法相比具有更高的算法吞吐率，更少的空隙时隙，更高的算法效率。
en-us	The simulation results show that the PIGDFSA algorithm can stabilize the throughput rate more than 92% when the number of tags reaches 2000, and it has higher throughput rate, lesser idle slot and higher algorithm efficiency compared with the FSA-256, GDFSA, and BSDBG algorithm.

zh-cn	鉴于卡尔曼滤波器(KF)具有优良的信号估计性能，将 KF 与贪婪算法相结合，该文给出稀疏约束下的基于 KF 的空间目标逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像方法。
en-us	In view of the excellent signal estimation performance of the Kalman Filter (KF), combining the KF algorithm with the greedy algorithm and an imaging method is presented for Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) using KF with sparse constraints.

zh-cn	考虑到有些空间目标尺寸较大或包含大尺寸部件，或成像积累时间较长，会引入越分辨单元走动(MTRC)和方位向 2 次相位调制，首先对回波进行 MTRC 校正，然后构建包含 2 次相位的观测矩阵，通过使图像锐度最大化，估计目标转动角速度，获得聚焦目标图像，并将估计转速用于方位向图像定标。
en-us	Large space targets including the targets having large-size components and long imaging time may introduce the Migration Through Resolution Cell (MTRC) and quadratic phase modulation in the cross-range. The MTRC correction is firstly performed. Then, the observation matrix is constructed by including the quadratic phase term. By maximizing the image sharpness, an estimation of the target angular velocity as well as a well-focused image can be obtained. The estimated angular velocity can be further  used  for  image  cross-range  scaling.

zh-cn	卫星仿真 ISAR 数据处理验证了上述成像处理方法的有效性。
en-us	The  processing  of  the  simulated  satellite  ISAR  data  verifies  the effectiveness of the presented imaging processing method.

zh-cn	成像效果优于传统距离多普勒(RD)和正交匹配追踪(OMP)方法。
en-us	The image quality is superior to the traditional Range Doppler (RD) method and Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) method.

zh-cn	该文针对现有穿墙雷达建筑物布局成像中扩展目标稀疏成像方法未能有效利用墙体反射信号的结构稀疏性，导致成像中出现墙体不连贯和墙体轮廓不明显的问题，提出一种利用稀疏信号块间耦合的建筑物布局成像方法。
en-us	In through-wall radar building layout imaging, the existing extended target sparse imaging method can not effectively exploit the structural sparsity of the wall reflections in the scene, resulting in incoherent imaging and unobvious contour of walls. A sparse Bayesian learning method is proposed for building layout imaging by exploiting the inter-block coupling of sparse signal.

zh-cn	该方法在块稀疏信号特性的高斯分层先验模型的基础上，利用块间耦合系数进一步表征场景中墙体反射信号的结构稀疏性，然后将其引入到控制稀疏信号先验概率分布的超参数中，从而把稀疏信号的结构性转化为超参数的耦合关系，最后利用期望最大化(EM)算法求解超参数的最大后验(MAP)估计。
en-us	On the basis of the hierarchical Gaussian prior model of block sparse signal characteristics, the inter-block coupling coefficient is further used to characterize the structured sparsity of the wall reflections. Then these coefficients are introduced into the hyperparameters controlling the prior distribution of sparse signal, thus this structured sparsity is transformed into the coupling relationship of these hyperparameters. Susequently, an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is developed to infer the Maximum A Posterior (MAP) estimate of these hyperparameters.

zh-cn	仿真和实验数据处理结果表明，该方法有效改善了墙体的成像质量。
en-us	The results of simulation and experiment show that the proposed method improves effectively the imaging quality of the building wall.

zh-cn	综合考虑内容中心网络(CCN)的能耗优化及性能提升，该文提出一种内容中心网络中能耗优化的隐式协作缓存机制。
en-us	Taking  into  account  the  energy  optimization  and  performance  enhancement  of  the  Content  Centric Networking  (CCN)  comprehensively,  an  energy  optimized  implicit  collaborative  caching  scheme  for  CCN  is proposed.

zh-cn	缓存决策时，利用缓存节能量作为判决条件优先在用户远端节点缓存，并利用数据包携带最近上游缓存跳数信息进行隐式协作，减轻用户近端节点缓存空间的竞争压力，提高邻近节点缓存的差异性。
en-us	In terms of the caching decision, energy saving account is utilized as the judgement, which is carried out on consumer's remote nodes preferentially, and the data packet is utilized to carry the information of recent upstream caching hops, so as to realize the implicit collaboration, thus reducing the caching space competition pressure of the consumers' near nodes, improving the caching difference between nearby nodes.

zh-cn	缓存替换时，选取缓存节能量最小的缓存内容加以替换，达到最优的能耗优化效果。
en-us	As for the caching replacement, the caching content with the minimum energy saving account is selected to be replaced, achieving the optimal energy consumption optimization effect.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该缓存机制在性能上获得较优的缓存命中率及平均路由跳数，同时有效降低了网络能耗。
en-us	Simulation results show that, the caching scheme achieves better cache hit ratio and average routing hops, meanwhile, it reduces the network energy consumption effectively.

zh-cn	手势识别作为人机交互的方式之一，在人工智能日益发展的今天备受瞩目。
en-us	As an important milestone for the development of the artificial intelligence, gesture recognition enables the human-computer interaction and has received significantly growing research interest nowadays.

zh-cn	针对手势旋转、平移、缩放等形变导致识别率偏低的问题，该文基于密集卷积网络(Densenet)与空间转换网络(STN)提出了一种新型的网络结构Densenet_V2，先利用空间转换网络对输入的样本和特征图进行空间变换和对齐，再利用密集卷积网络自动提取手势的有效特征，最后通过线性分类器对手势进行分类。
en-us	However, the current technology for the gesture recognition has the low quality in the gesture rotation, translation and scaling. To solve the problem, a novel network structure named Densenet_V2 is proposed, and it is based on Dense Convolutional Networks (Densenet) and Spatial Transformer Networks (STN). Firstly, the input samples and feature maps are spatially transformed and aligned with the STN. Then the effective features of gestures are automatically extracted by using the Densenet. Finally, the linear classifier is adopted to classify the gestures.

zh-cn	为防止网络模型对样本数据集过度拟合，对网络进行训练时在损失函数中加入 L2 正则项以实现权重衰减。在 Marcel 手势库上进行多次实验。
en-us	To prevent the network model from over-fitting the sample data set, the L2 regular term is involved into the loss function to achieve the weight decay when training the network.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，Densenet_V2可以提高对静态形变手势的识别率。
en-us	Experiments on the Marcel gesture database show that Densenet_V2 can improve the recognition rate of static deformation gestures.

zh-cn	针对大型相控阵雷达对于临近空间高超声速目标的检测跟踪问题，该文提出一种修正的 3 级 Hough 变换(MTS-HT)检测前跟踪算法。
en-us	In view of detection and tracking issue with large phased array radar for near-space hypersonic targets, a Modified Triple-Stage Hough Transform (MTS-HT) Track-Before-Detect (TBD) algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，为了解决直接进行 3 维 Hough 变换计算量大的问题，将 3 维点迹依次降维映射至径向距离-时间、方位角-时间和仰角-时间 3 个平面进行 2 维 Hough 变换；
en-us	Firstly, in order to reduce huge computational load problem from direct three-dimensional Hough transform, three- dimensional measurement points are mapped into range-time plane, azimuth-time plane and elevation-time plane in turn for two-dimensional Hough transforms.

zh-cn	其次，为了能够在充分利用点迹能量信息的基础上尽量减小强干扰的影响，在每级 Hough 变换中采用非相参积累和二值积累相结合的双重积累方式进行点迹筛选；
en-us	Besides, to decrease the impact from strong interference, meanwhile, make full use of energy information of points, point selection is carried on by double integration means of non-coherent integration and binary integration in every stage.

zh-cn	最后，通过引入运动约束以及合并相似航迹的方式进行航迹精简，从而有效降低虚假航迹数，得到按照时序关联的最终检测航迹。
en-us	Finally, false trajectory will be reduced effectively by motion constraints as well as merging of similar trajectories and the final trajectory from sequence association can be obtained.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法具有较高的航迹检测概率和较低的虚假航迹检测概率，可以实现对临近空间高超声速目标的有效检测跟踪。
en-us	Simulation results show that proposed algorithm can realize effective detection and tracking for near-space hypersonic targets with relatively high trajectory detection probability and low false trajectory detection probability.

zh-cn	针对目标区域不存在图像匹配基准点如对海面目标、草原目标等定位时，基于图像匹配的目标定位方法失效问题，该文提出基于 R-D 原理的双基前视 SAR 几何定位方法。
en-us	A geometrical location method based on the R-D principle is proposed. In the case of the location method based on image matching target method will be invalid, when the target area does not have the matching point, such as: sea target, grassland target, etc.

zh-cn	首先，在相邻合成孔径中心时刻，利用收发平台与目标的几何关系进行数学建模；
en-us	First, a geometrical model between the transceiver platform and the target is constructed at the time of center of adjacent synthetic aperture.

zh-cn	再结合地距 SAR 图像中的目标与场景中心点的关系，解算目标相对接收平台的位置信息；
en-us	Then the position information of the target relative of the receiving platform can be solved by combining the relationship between the target in the SAR image and the center point of scene.

zh-cn	最终，根据双基地前视 SAR 系统的特点，建立空时频同步误差模型，并结合仿真计算结果给出其对定位精度的影响规律。
en-us	Finally, according to the characteristic of bistatic forward-looking SAR system, the error models of synchronization errors are built. What is more, through the analysis of the simulation results, the influence of the error on the positioning accuracy is given.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了定位方法的有效性及误差模型的正确性。
en-us	Simulation results show the validity of the positioning method and the proposed error models.

zh-cn	该文提出一种新的在太赫兹频段下基于 MIMO 弧形阵列的方位向成像算法，通过将 MIMO 弧形阵列等效转换为 MIMO 线阵，基于等效 MIMO 线阵引入 RMA 算法思路对弧形阵列方位向图像进行重建。
en-us	A new azimuth imaging algorithm based on the terahertz single frequency MIMO arc array is proposed in this paper. The MIMO arc array is transformed to the MIMO linear array equivalently, based on which the arc array azimuth image reconstruction is designed and realized by using the RMA algorithm.

zh-cn	该文详细介绍了MIMO 弧形阵列与普通 MIMO 线阵的等效转换，建立了相应的成像信号模型，设计了 MIMO 弧形阵列太赫兹单频方位向成像算法，并通过计算机仿真验证了该算法的可行性与有效性。
en-us	This paper describes the equivalent transform between the MIMO arc array and the MIMO linear array in detail, constructs the imaging signal model, designs and presents the terahertz single frequency azimuth imaging algorithm based on the MIMO arc array. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by computer simulation.

zh-cn	网络地址变换通过动态地改变或映射主机的网络地址，使得攻击者收集到的地址信息变得无效，然而对于扫描到主机即发起攻击的扫描攻击，网络地址变换的防御性能有所下降，很少有研究从理论上分析网络地址变换对不同扫描策略的扫描攻击的防御优势。
en-us	Network address shuffling invalidates the address information collected by the attacker with dynamically changing or remapping the host's network addresses, however, the defense performance of network address shuffling decreases when against scanning attacks which launch attacks at the same time of discovering targets, and few studies analyze theoretically different defense advantages of network address shuffling against scanning attacks of different scanning strategies.

zh-cn	该文考虑均匀变换和非重复变换两种网络地址变换策略，给出不同扫描策略的扫描攻击在静态地址环境以及网络地址变换环境下的概率模型，概率模型分析了攻击者命中至少一台主机的概率以及攻击者命中主机的数量；
en-us	In this paper, two strategies of network address shuffling are considered: uniform shuffling and non-repeat shuffling. It presents probabilistic models of scanning attacks in the static address and network address shuffling environments, which analyzes both the probability of the attacker hitting at least one host and the number of hosts hit by the attacker.

zh-cn	通过理论计算两种网络地址变换策略相比于静态地址环境的防御优势。
en-us	Then, the defense advantages of both network address shuffling strategies are theoretically calculated and compared with the static address environment.

zh-cn	分析结果表明对于可重复扫描攻击，两种网络地址变换策略相比于静态地址环境不具有防御优势；
en-us	Analysis results indicate that both shuffling strategies have no defense advantages against repeatable scanning attack compared with the static address environment;

zh-cn	对于非重复扫描攻击，均匀变换仅当主机数量较少时才具有概率优势，非重复变换仅当主机数量占地址空间比例较小时才具有较高的比例优势。
en-us	uniform shuffling has probability advantage against non-repeat scanning attack only when the hosts number is small, and non-repeat shuffling has significant ratio advantage only when the hosts number accounts for a small proportion in the network space size.

zh-cn	在贝叶斯框架下的多目标跟踪算法中，总是假设杂波的先验信息是已知的。
en-us	In multi-target tracking algorithms under the Bayesian filtering framework, it is usually assumed that the priori knowledge of clutter is known.

zh-cn	然而，实际应用中，杂波分布一般是未知的，假设的杂波分布往往与实际情况匹配度差，难以保证滤波精度。
en-us	However, in practice, the knowledge of clutter is usually unknown, and the assumption of clutter may not agree with the truth, resulting in the filtering precision declining.

zh-cn	针对该问题，该文研究了未知杂波势估计概率假设密度(CPHD)滤波算法。
en-us	For this problem, this paper addresses the problem of Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density (CPHD) filter with clutter estimation.

zh-cn	首先，提出一种基于狄利克雷过程混合模型(DPMM)类的未知杂波 CPHD算法，该算法能够自动选取合适的类数对杂波进行描述，有效降低了杂波空间分布估计的误差。
en-us	Firstly, this paper presents a new CPHD filter with clutter estimation based on Dirichlet Process Mixture Model (DPMM). Thus, this DPMM-λ-CPHD algorithm can reduce the estimation error of the clutter spatial distribution effectively by selecting an appropriate class number.

zh-cn	此外，提出样本集校正的思想，并将其引入所提算法，通过去除样本集中由真实目标产生的量测，较好地解决了杂波数过估和目标数低估的问题。
en-us	Secondly, to solve the clutter overestimation and cardinality underestimation problems, a correction idea of the sample set via CPHD filter recursion is proposed. By introducing this idea to the DPMM-λ-CPHD algorithm, an improved DPMM- λ -CPHD algorithm is proposed to solve this intractability of errors on clutter number and target number.

zh-cn	与传统算法相比，所提算法的滤波精度更接近于杂波信息匹配情况下的性能，仿真结果验证了其优越性与鲁棒性。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively estimate the unknown parameters of clutter and has a good performance of multi-target tracking.

zh-cn	针对基于双线性映射的属性基加密方案中无法抵抗量子攻击的问题，该文提出一种新的格上多机构属性基加密方案。
en-us	To resolve the problem of poor security on quantum attack in attribute-based encryption over the bilinear maps, a new multi-authority attribute-based encryption scheme on lattices is proposed.

zh-cn	先利用格上左抽样算法为用户生成密钥，使得用户私钥尺寸与级联矩阵的列数和用户属性个数相关，缩短用户私钥尺寸；
en-us	Firstly, the SamepleLeft algorithm was used to extract the user's private key, so it can reduce the size of private key which is related to the dimensions of concatenation matrix and the quantity of users' attributes.

zh-cn	然后采用 Shamir 门限秘密共享技术构造访问树，实现属性的与、或、门限 3 种操作，密文允许基于任意的访问结构生成，表达能力更加丰富，解决了大多方案中访问策略单一问题；
en-us	Secondly, aiming at the problem of single access policy, the new scheme employing the Shamir secret sharing scheme which is used to construct an access tree to realized "AND, OR, THRESHOLD" operations on attributes, so the ciphertext can be generated by any access structure, and the expressive skill of access policy is more extensive.

zh-cn	方案证明可在标准模型下归约到判定性带误差学习问题的难解性。
en-us	Lastly, the security of the proposed scheme could reduce to the hardness of decisional learning with errors problem under standard model.

zh-cn	对比分析表明，方案系统公私钥、用户私钥和密文尺寸均有所优化，并较优于大多数单机构方案，此外方案存在多个属性机构，支持任意单调访问结构，安全性和实用性更满足云环境需求。
en-us	Comparative analysis shows that, the size of public parameters, master secret key, user's private key and ciphertext are all optimized, and it has better performance than single authority schemes in some degree. Furthermore, from perspective of security and practicability, the new multi-authority attribute-based encryption scheme is more suitable for the demand of cloud environment.

zh-cn	在可重构网络多态路由模型中，通常存在多条满足业务需求的服务路径。
en-us	There are many service paths which can satisfy the business requirements in polymorphic routing model of reconfigurable networks.

zh-cn	针对最优服务路径选择问题，该文设计了一种集中调控的分布式服务路径选择算法，各节点根据服务请求中的第 1 个元能力和目的节点生成路由表，控制器实时监控网络，调控代价过高路径并平衡网络的带宽和负载。
en-us	For the issue of the best service path selection, this paper proposes a distributed service path selection algorithm under central control. Each node generates routing tables based on the first function and destination node in service request. The controller monitors the network in real time, regulates paths with high costs and balances the bandwidths and loads of the network.

zh-cn	性能分析和仿真结果表明，分布式路由表能够生成有效的服务路径，表项规模、收敛时间与元能力个数成正比，在 30%的集中调控比例下，路径代价和负载均衡度性能良好，与其他算法相比，对服务请求的响应时延降低约 50%。
en-us	Performance analysis and simulation results show that, the distributed routing tables can generate efficient service paths and the convergence time is proportional to the number of functions. When the proportion of central control is 30 percent, the algorithm has a good performance on average cost of paths and load balance. The response delay to service request decreases almost 50 percent compared with other algorithms.

zh-cn	网络功能虚拟化(NFV)的引入使得运营商网络的网络功能不再依赖于专用硬件设备且服务能力更具弹性。
en-us	With the introduction of Network Function Virtualization (NFV), the network functions of operator networks are no longer dependent on dedicated hardware devices, and service capabilities of carrier network are more resilient than ever.

zh-cn	为更有效地使用基于 NFV 的运营商网络中的资源，该文提出一种网络服务链(NSC)的优化构建策略。
en-us	For more efficient use of resources in NFV-based operator networks, this paper proposes a construction policy of Network Service Chain (NSC).

zh-cn	和已有研究工作不同，该文从减少因计算资源和网络资源这两类资源的不合理使用产生的资源碎片角度出发，以最大化运营商网络能容纳的业务流数量为目标，建立 NSC 构建的数学模型，且提出一种新的贪心 NSC 构建策略，该策略融合了路径选择和 NSC 的多个 VNF 部署。
en-us	This paper aims to maximize the number of flows that the carrier network can accommodate, and a mathematical model is established for NSC construction from the point of view of reducing resource fragmentation due to the unreasonable use of computing resources and network resources. A new greedy NSC construction strategy is designed, which combines the path selection and multiple VNFs deployment of NSC.

zh-cn	数值仿真实验表明，在相同资源总量的情况下与典型策略相比，所提策略能够容纳更多的业务流，实现更低的端到端的数据延迟，有效提高了运营商网络中通用服务器和交换机的资源利用率。
en-us	Numerical simulation result shows that the proposed policy can accommodate more flows and achieve lower end-to-end data latency than the typical policies in the case of the same amount of resources, which improves effectively resource utilization of the general server and switch in operator network.

zh-cn	由于冲击噪声的二阶矩不存在，基于二阶矩估计的子空间类算法和稀疏重构类算法不能有效估计出波达方向，且不能很好地处理相干信源。
en-us	Sparse reconstruction method suffers severe degradation in presence of impulsive noise.

zh-cn	为了解决这个问题，采用多项式预处理技术对接收信号的自相关函数和方向矢量进行预处理，并在此基础上利用稀疏重构技术进行 DoA 估计。
en-us	To deal with this problem, this paper proposed a DoA estimation method based on polynomial matrix preconditioning through sparse reconstruction.

zh-cn	多项式预处理可以缩小矩阵的奇异值分布，使得反映噪声能量的奇异值分布更加明显，从而有利于减小冲击噪声的影响。
en-us	Based on the sparse reconstruction, multiplying the covariance function and the direction vector by Polynomial preprocessing, which can reduce the distribution matrix of singular values, improve singular value ratio, and exhibit better sparsity.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，算法在冲击噪声环境下能准确稳定地估计出两种信源的波达方向，尤其是在冲击噪声较强的情况下表现出灵敏度高、鲁棒性好的优点。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves accurate DoA in coherent and incoherent signal sources under impulsive noise, especially have high accuracy and robustness in the heavy impulsive noise.

zh-cn	光无线融合接入网存在光网络单元利用率低，数据传输过程中控制开销较大的问题。
en-us	Integrated Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) access network has the problems of low utilization rate of optical network unit and large control overhead during data transmission.

zh-cn	该文提出一种带有上行数据帧聚合的节能机制，建立 M/G/1 模型分析数据帧在无线域节点及光域节点的队列时延，结合不同优先级业务的最大容忍时延，推导各优先级聚合帧在不同网络状态下的最佳长度，进而根据所得到的最佳帧长对光域节点进行休眠调度，在保障业务时延的前提下，尽可能地延长节点休眠时间长度，提高网络能量效率。
en-us	In this paper, an energy saving mechanism with uplink data frame aggregation is proposed, the M/G/1 model is used to analyze the queue delay of the data frame in the wireless domain node and the optical domain node, by combining with the maximum tolerable delay of different priority, the optimal length of the aggregation frame is deduced in different network conditions. And then according to the optimal frame length to perform sleep scheduling for optical domain nodes, on the premise of guaranteeing the service delay, as much as possible to extend the length of node sleep time, and then the network energy efficiency is improved.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法在有效降低整个网络能耗的同时能够保证业务的时延性能。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the whole network and guarantee the delay performance.

zh-cn	针对频谱感知错误累积造成频谱预测性能恶化问题，该文提出一种基于最小贝叶斯风险的稳健频谱预测策略。
en-us	The accumulation of miss detection and false alarm in spectrum sensing leads to the persistently decreasing of prediction accuracy in spectrum prediction. This paper takes neural network based spectrum prediction for example, and presents a minimum Bayesian Risk based spectrum prediction to solve this problem.

zh-cn	分布拟合检验表明频谱预测输出服从正态分布，定义频谱预测输出的贝叶斯风险函数，证明使贝叶斯风险函数最小的频谱预测输出判决门限将使频谱预测的均方误差最小，求得了使贝叶斯风险最小的最优判决门限，构建稳健频谱预测策略。
en-us	The distribution fitting shows that the prediction output follows the normal distribution. The expectation of prediction mean square error is defined as the Bayesian Risk, and the optimal detection threshold of the prediction output is derived through minimizing the Bayesian Risk. Through this method, the prediction accuracy is insensitive to the spectrum sensing errors.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与固定判决门限的神经网络频谱预测相比，稳健频谱预测策略改进了频谱感知错误下的频谱预测性能，改善了非授权用户的动态频谱接入性能。
en-us	Compared with the traditional spectrum prediction with fixed detection thresholds, simulation results demonstrate the robust spectrum prediction keeps the prediction accuracy stable, and improve the performance in dynamic spectrum access.

zh-cn	对流层斜延迟是对流层散射双向时间比对中一个重要误差源，该文提出一种对流层散射双向时间比对中对流层斜延迟实时估计方法。
en-us	Tropospheric slant delay is a main error source in two way time transfer via tropospheric scatter communication. A method for real-time estimation of tropospheric slant in two way time transfer via tropospheric scatter communication is proposed.

zh-cn	通过 GPT2w 模型计算测站气象数据，克服对流层斜延迟估计中对实时气象数据的依赖。
en-us	The meteorological data of the station are calculated by the GPT2w model to overcome the reliance on the real-time meteorological data in the estimation of tropospheric delay.

zh-cn	针对 Hopfield 模型中固定的对流层散射顶层高，利用几何方法计算动态对流层散射顶层高，以解决对流层散射双向比对的实际应用问题。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of the fixed height of the top troposphere layer, the real height of the top troposphere layer is calculated by geometric method to solve the practical application.

zh-cn	选取日本地区 3 个测站，两两进行比对，在验证 Hopfield 模型精度后，计算 3 组比对站在不同入射角和不同时间的对流层斜延迟。
en-us	Three stations in Japan are selected and compared with each other. After verifying the accuracy of the Hopfield model, the tropospheric delay of the three groups at different angles and different time is calculated.

zh-cn	计算结果表明，对流层散射双向时间比对中对流层斜延迟呈现出随比对距离增大而增大，随入射角增大而减小的特性，并且四季变化特性也比较明显。
en-us	The results show that the tropospheric slant delay in two-way troposphere time transfer increases with the increase of the distance, and decreases with the increase of the angle, and the variation characteristics of the four seasons are obvious.

zh-cn	3 个比对站的对流层散射斜延迟10~35 m 之间，经比对抵消 90%后的时间延迟为 3.5~11.8 ns。
en-us	The tropospheric delay of the three stations is between 10~35 m, and the time delay after subtracting 90% is 3.5~11.8 ns.

zh-cn	在数据融合系统中，传感器自身系统误差造成其上报融合中心的目标位置状态出现系统性偏差，若得不到有效估计与补偿，融合系统难以实现预期的性能优势。
en-us	In the data fusion system, sensor biases lead to systematic deviation of the position states of targets reported to the fusion center. If sensor biases could not be estimated and compensated correctly, the fusion system will fail to achieve the expected performance superiority.

zh-cn	然而，基于目标关联配对关系而构造的超定方程组是系统误差估计的出发点。
en-us	However, the starting point of sensor bias estimation is the overdetermined equations construted on the biasis of data association.

zh-cn	复杂环境下，受随机噪声、系统误差、虚警、漏报等因素的干扰，数据关联模块的输出结果常常包含错误关联。
en-us	In the complicated environment, with the presence of interference factors such as random errors, sensor biases, false alarms and missed detections, the data association module outputs some misassociations inevitably.

zh-cn	针对非理想关联下多传感器系统误差的稳健估计问题，该文提出基于最小截平方的系统误差稳健估计方法，并进一步提出剔除异常方程的重加权最小二乘方法。
en-us	In view of the multisensor bias estimation problem under nonideal association, the robust estimation approach based on the least trimmed squares is proposed. Furthermore, the reweighted least squares apporach through eliminating abnormal equations is presented.

zh-cn	与最小二乘及最小中值平方相比，所提方法在保证估计器稳健性能的前提下，降低了估计结果对随机噪声的敏感程度。
en-us	Compared with the least squares and the least median of squares, the proposed approaches can not only ensure the robust performance on bias estimation, but also are less sensitive to random errors.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。
en-us	Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

zh-cn	针对目标和杂波先验知识不准确时认知雷达的检测波形设计问题，同时兼顾功率放大器对低峰均比(PAR)波形的需求，该文提出一种信号相关杂波背景下认知雷达低 PAR 稳健波形设计方法。
en-us	In view of the detection waveform design for cognitive radar with imprecise prior knowledge of target and clutter, while considering the demand of power amplifier on low Peak-to-Average power Ratio (PAR) waveform, a low-PAR robust waveform design method in presence of signal-dependent clutter is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，在目标和杂波不确定集范围内，基于极大极小化准则构造关于输出信干噪比(SINR)的优化模型；
en-us	Firstly, the optimization model of radar's output Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) is established within the uncertainty of target and clutter via Max-Min method.

zh-cn	然后将不确定性参数代入该模型，给出最差 SINR 下对应杂波协方差矩阵和目标 Toeplitz 矩阵的取值；
en-us	Secondly, the clutter covariance matrix and Toeplitz matrix of target corresponding to worst-case SINR is obtained.

zh-cn	在此基础上，利用半正定松弛，将非凸的优化模型转化为关于发射波形半正定矩阵的凸问题进行求解；
en-us	Since the optimization problem of waveform is non-convex, Semi-Definite Relaxation (SDR) is adopted to converse the non-convex problem into a convex problem, which is about the semi-definite matrix of waveform.

zh-cn	最后，通过秩 1 近似法结合最近邻方法，进一步从波形的最优矩阵解中提取出最优向量解。
en-us	Finally, the optimal vector solution of waveform can be extracted from the optimal matrix solution by the rank-one approximation method combined with the nearest neighbor method.

zh-cn	分析表明，在稳健性能相同的情况下，与现有方法相比该算法具有更低的运算量，仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性和稳健性。
en-us	Compared with the existing methods, the computational complexity of the proposed method is obviously reduced without losing robust performance according to the analysis. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	机动目标检测是天波超视距雷达的研究重点之一。
en-us	Maneuvering target detection is one of the focuses in skywave Over-The-Horizon Radar (OTHR).

zh-cn	目前已有的算法在高信噪比条件时对单个机动目标的检测效果较好，但在低信噪比时对多个机动目标的检测性能有待提高。
en-us	The performance of existing algorithms is good for single maneuvering target in the condition of high SNR. However, the performance for multiple maneuvering targets in low SNR needs to be improved.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于 Hankel 矩阵分解的机动目标检测算法，该算法将机动目标信号构造为 Hankel 矩阵的形式，通过矩阵分解将信号时频估计转化为线性主成分分析的凸优化问题，从而实现匀速与机动目标的分离以及多个目标的同时估计。
en-us	In this paper, a new maneuvering target detection algorithm is proposed based on Hankel matrix decomposition. The maneuvering target signal is constructed in the form of Hankel matrix. Then the time-frequency estimation of maneuvering target signal is transformed into a convex optimization problem based on linear Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by matrix decomposition, so as to realize the separation of uniform and maneuvering targets, and the simultaneous estimation of multiple targets.

zh-cn	仿真结果证明了该算法具有估计精度高，信噪比条件低，可以同时多目标检测等优点。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of high estimation accuracy, low SNR and multiple target detection.

zh-cn	在多用户 MIMO 系统中，信道状态的精确性严重影响干扰对齐技术的性能。
en-us	In multi-user MIMO systems, the accuracy of the Channel State Information (CSI) has a sufficient effect on performance of interference alignment scheme.

zh-cn	该文针对信道状态信息(CSI)有限反馈导致的干扰泄露问题，提出一种基于动态反馈与功率分配的干扰对齐方法。
en-us	To solve the problem of interference leakage caused by limited feedback of CSI, a novel method for interference alignment based on dynamic feedback and power allocation is proposed.

zh-cn	首先从理论上分析了系统和速率与信道状态反馈比特分配和功率分配之间的关系，得到了在动态反馈和功率分配条件下系统和速率的解析表达式；
en-us	First, the relationship between system sum rate and the allocation for channel state feedback bits and transmitting power is analyzed theoretically, and the formula of sum rate of the system considering dynamic feedback and power allocation is derived.

zh-cn	在此基础上，以系统容量提升为目标，对反馈比特分配和功率分配优化问题进行建模；
en-us	Based on the above analysis, the model of optimizing allocation for feedback bits and power problem is set to improve the throughput of system.

zh-cn	并根据信道的准静态特性利用库恩塔克条件(KKT)对该问题进行求解，得到功率和反馈比特分配方案。
en-us	Then, a low-complexity solution to the problem is raised on the basis of channel quasi-static characteristic, and the feedback bit and power allocation scheme are obtained by the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与单独考虑信道状态动态反馈条件下的干扰对齐技术相比，提出的方法能够有效减少干扰泄漏强度，提高系统和速率。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the interference leakage and improve the system sum rate compared with the interference alignment scheme that just dynamically feedback's channel state.

zh-cn	不同风浪等级下的海面会对船舰目标雷达散射截面(RCS)分析产生强烈影响。
en-us	The sea under different wave levels has an strong impact on the ship target Radar Cross Section (RCS) analysis.

zh-cn	该文建立了一种船舰模型，利用物理光学法与矩量法的混合算法(PO-MOM)分析了不同海情下的船舰目标远场单站 RCS。
en-us	The far-field single-station RCS analysis model is established for the ship under different sea conditions based on the Physical Optics with Method Of Moments (PO-MOM) hybrid algorithm.

zh-cn	之后研究了海情对船舰目标 RCS 测试结果的影响。
en-us	Then the impact of sea conditions on ship RCS results is studied.

zh-cn	结果表明，随着海情等级的增加，舰船 RCS 降低；
en-us	The ship RCS results are reduced with the sea wave level increasing.

zh-cn	最后提出了基于 3 次样条插值(Cubic Spline Interpolation, CSI)算法的优化补偿方法。
en-us	Finally, an optimization ship RCS compensation method is proposed under different sea conditions based on Cubic Spline Interpolation (CSI) algorithm.

zh-cn	利用 3 次样条插值算法进行补偿，其补偿结果的平均值误差小于 0.38 dBsm，最大值误差小于 0.05 dBsm，因此能有效地减少海情对船舰 RCS 测试结果的影响。
en-us	The results show that the average value error and maximum value error of ship RCS results are less than 0.38 dBsm and 0.05 dBsm, respectively by employing the proposed method, which can reduce the influence of sea conditions on ship RCS analysis effectively.

zh-cn	针对 GPS/INS 组合导航系统中，由于量测噪声统计的不确定性导致平方根容积卡尔曼滤波器(SCKF)滤波精度下降甚至发散的问题，该文提出一种基于加权的自适应 SCKF(WASCKF)方法。
en-us	In the GPS/INS integrated navigation system, the filtering precision of Square-root Cubature Kalman Filter (SCKF) will decrease or even diverge resulting from the uncertainty of the measured noise statistics, therefore, a Weighting Aaptive Square-root Cubature Kalman Filter (WASCKF) method is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	该方法首先利用移动开窗理论对 SCKF 新息的协方差阵进行最大似然估计，实现对测量噪声统计特性的在线调整；
en-us	Firstly, the moving window method is employed to conduct the maximum likelihood estimation of the covariance matrix of SCKF, in order to realize the online adjustment of the statistical characteristics of the measured noise.

zh-cn	然后，利用加权理论，依据窗口内不同时刻信息的有用程度的不同而设置相应的权值，增强对窗口内有用信息的利用。
en-us	Then, the weighting theory is utilized to set the corresponding weights according to the usefulness of the information at different times in the window, thus it takes great use of effective information in the window.

zh-cn	最后，将 WASCKF方法应用于 GPS/INS 组合导航系统中进行仿真验证，并与 SCKF 和 ASCKF 方法进行比较，结果表明，在测量噪声统计存在不确定情况下，该文所提出方法的速度误差和位置误差的均方根均小于 SCKF 和 ASCKF 方法，能够有效地提高 GPS/INS 组合导航系统对量测噪声统计不确定的自适应能力与导航性能。
en-us	Finally, the WASCKF is applied to the GPS/INS integrated navigation system for simulation  and verification, and compared with the SCKF and ASCKF methods. The results indicate that the mean square root of velocity errors and position errors of the proposed method are less than SCKF and ASCKF, and it can effectively improve the adaptive capability and navigation performance of GPS/INS integrated navigation system with the measured noise uncertainty.

zh-cn	为了进一步提高卫星导航接收机对 BOC(1,1)及其衍生类型调制信号的码鉴相的质量和跟踪能力，尤其是在高动态下的跟踪性能。该文提出一种基于局部相关函数插值的方法确定 BOC(1,1)调制信号的码相位。
en-us	In order to further improve the BOC (1,1) and its derived types modulated signal's code discrimination quality and tracking ability of the satellite navigation receiver, especially in high dynamic. This paper proposes a method to determine the BOC (1,1) modulated signal code phase by partial correlation function interpolation.

zh-cn	该方法基于相关器阵列的结构，根据相关器阵列的输出值判断相关峰值的大致范围。
en-us	This method is based on the structure of correlators array, the approximate range of the correlation peak is determined by the correlators' output.

zh-cn	利用广义延拓逼近的方法估计码相位的位置，同时在缺少延拓空间的情况下构造一个虚拟的相关器以完成对码相位的估计。
en-us	The generalized extended approximation method is used to estimate the code phase, and a virtual correlator is created in order to process the generalized extended approximation when the extended range does not exist.

zh-cn	该文具体分析了单侧相关器个数对牵入范围的影响，在此基础上对所提方法进行了计算机仿真实验。
en-us	In this paper, the influence of the one side correlators' number N on the linear pull-in region is analyzed in detail. On this basis, the computer simulation experiment for the proposed method is given.

zh-cn	理论和仿真证明：所提方法能够在不增加过多硬件资源的条件下扩大码鉴相函数的线性牵入范围，进而能够提高接收机对于 BOC 调制信号的跟踪精度。
en-us	Theoretical and simulation results show: the proposed method can be used to enlarge the linear pull-in region of phase discrimination function without adding too much hardware resources, furthermore, it can improve the BOC modulated signals' tracking accuracy for the receiver.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于自适应块稀疏字典学习的电阻抗图像重建算法，构建了分块稀疏字典，较好地保留了重建图像的细节信息；
en-us	An electrical impedance image reconstruction algorithm based on adaptive block-sparse dictionary is proposed. A block-sparse dictionary is constructed creatively, which preferably preserves the details of reconstructed images.

zh-cn	同时，将字典学习与图像重建交替进行，并将迭代重建的中间结果作为稀疏字典的训练样本，有效提高了字典学习效果。
en-us	Meanwhile, the sparsifying dictionary optimization and image reconstruction are performed alternately, and the intermediate result of the iterative reconstruction is used as the training sample of the sparse dictionary, which can effectively improve the learning effect of the dictionary.

zh-cn	数值仿真与实验重建结果表明，新方法对电阻抗成像系统测量噪声具有较好的鲁棒性，能准确重构电导率分布图像，特别是对突变细节的准确恢复。
en-us	The numerical simulation and experiment results show that the patch-based sparsity method for measure noise has excellent robustness and can accurately reconstruct the conductivity distribution image, especially the precise details of mutation.

zh-cn	为解决 FTSA-2-SS 结构中的信元冲突、信元失序以及交换流程复杂化等问题，该文提出一种基于逆向传输机制的反馈型两级交换结构(FRTM-TSA)。
en-us	In order to solve the problems arising from the 2-Staggered Symmetry connection pattern (2-SS) in Feedback mechanism based load balanced Two-stage Switch Architecture (FTSA), a Feedback and Reverse Transmission Mechanism based Two-stage Switch Architecture (FRTM-TSA) is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	该结构通过 crossbar 逆向传输机制使得任意输入端口均可获得其相邻端口的调度结果并以此对目标端口所反馈的缓存信息进行修正，基于修正后的信息进行算法调度使得FRTM-TSA 能够避免信元冲突和信元失序，也无需在输出端口设置重排序缓存。
en-us	A novel reverse transmission mechanism of crossbar is introduced so that any input port can obtain the scheduling results of its adjacent input port. Based on such scheduling results, the buffer status information of middle-ports that received one slot ahead can be corrected. The exact information obtained from preprocessing enables FRTM-TSA to avoid the cell-conflict and cell-disordering and thus make the re-sequencing buffers are no longer needed at the output ports.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果均表明FRTM-TSA 能够以相对简洁的交换结构和交换流程获得更优的时延性能。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that FRTM-TSA can achieve a better delay performance with a simper switching fabric and process compared to existing schemes.

zh-cn	硬件木马是一种在特定条件下使集成电路失效或泄露机密信息等的恶意电路，给现代信息系统带来了严重的安全隐患。
en-us	Hardware Trojan is the malicious circuit modification which can disable the Integrated Circuit (IC) or leak confidential information covertly to the adversary, and brings potential safety hazard for ICs.

zh-cn	该文基于硬件木马在芯片工作之初造成的温度响应特征，提出一种利用芯片温度变化特性并进行比对的硬件木马检测方法。
en-us	In this paper, a new approach for hardware Trojan detection based on the temperature variation characteristics when IC starts working. Ring Oscillator (RO) is used as a detector to obtain the information about IC's temperature variation characteristics.

zh-cn	该方法采用环形振荡器作为片内温度特征测量传感器，提取温度变化特征信息，并采用曲线拟合评价指标来评估硬件木马对温度变化特征的影响，通过比对无木马芯片温度响应特征从而完成木马检测。
en-us	In order to describe temperature variation characteristics accuracy, a parameter about the D-value of RO's oscillation cycle counts is presented, and parameters about the quality of the fitting curve are used to estimate the hardware Trojan's effect on IC's temperature characteristics.

zh-cn	通过对 10 个不同芯片的检测，结果表明该方法能够对面积消耗 32 个逻辑单元硬件木马的检测率达到 100%，对 16 个逻辑单元检测概率也能达到 90%；同时检测结果表明该方法完成硬件木马检测后，能够对硬件木马的植入位置进行粗定位。
en-us	Results from ten chips show that the proposed approach is effective towards increasing successful detection ratio and can achieve better Trojan detection probability 100% on average over conventional patterns for Trojan which is 32 logic elements, and for Trojan which is 16 logic elements can also achieve Trojan detection probability 90%, besides the proposed approach locating the Trojan's insertion place roughly.

zh-cn	弱监督语义分割任务常利用训练集中全体图像的超像素及其相似度建立图模型，使用图像级别标记的监督关系进行约束求解。
en-us	Most previous weakly supervised semantic segmentation works utilize the labels of the whole training set and thereby need the construction of a relationship graph about image labels.

zh-cn	全局建模缺少单幅图像结构信息，同时此类参数方法受到复杂度限制，无法使用大规模的弱监督训练数据。
en-us	This method lack of structure information in single image and suffer from enormous quantity parameters which result in expensive computation.

zh-cn	针对以上问题，该文提出一种基于纹元森林和显著性先验的弱监督图像语义分割方法。
en-us	In this study, a weakly-supervised semantic segmentation algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	算法使用弱监督数据和图像显著性训练随机森林分类器用于语义纹元森林特征(Semantic Texton Forest, STF)的提取。
en-us	Specifically, a nonparametric random Semantic Texton Forest (STF) is obtained using weakly supervised training data and images saliency.

zh-cn	测试时，先将图像进行过分割，然后提取超像素语义纹元特征，利用朴素贝叶斯法进行超像素标记的概率估计，最后在条件随机场(CRF)框架下结合图像显著性信息定义了新的能量函数表达式，将图像的标注(labeling)问题转换为能量最小化问题求解。
en-us	Under Conditional Random Field (CRF) framework, an novel energy function expression is developed based on saliency priors as structure context relationship, which avoids the construction of a huge graph in whole training dataset. Then STF feature is extracted from image superpixels and probability estimates of superpixels label is calculated by naive Bayesian method. Finally, a CRF-based optimization algorithm is proposed which can be efficiently solved by alpha expansion algorithm.

zh-cn	结果表明，在并未对整个训练集建立图模型的情况下，仅利用单幅图像的显著性信息也可以得到较好的分割结果，同时非参模型有利于规模数据分析。
en-us	Experiments on the MSRC-21 dataset show that the new algorithm outperforms some previous influential weakly-supervised segmentation algorithms with no building graph in whole training set.

zh-cn	基于常规时频分析方法的跳频信号参数估计中，采用核函数抑制时频分布交叉项会导致时频聚集性的下降，不利于信号参数提取。
en-us	In the case of parameter estimation of Frequency Hopping (FH) signal based on conventional time-frequency analysis, the suppression of cross-terms in time-frequency Distribution (TFD) by kernel function always leads to the decrease of time-frequency concentration, which is adverse to signal parameter extraction.

zh-cn	针对此问题，该文提出一种基于稀疏时频分布(STFD)的跳频信号处理方法。
en-us	To deal with this problem, a kind of Sparse TFD (STFD) based FH signals processing method is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先根据 Cohen 类分布的原理和跳频信号模糊函数的特点，以模糊域矩形窗为核函数，构建了一种 Cohen 类的矩形核分布(RKD)。
en-us	Based on the principle of Cohen's class of TFD and the ambiguity function characteristics of FH signals, a Rectangle-shaped Kernel Distribution (RKD) is constructed by choosing the rectangle function in ambiguity domain as its kernel function.

zh-cn	RKD 可有效抑制交叉项，但其时频分辨率较低。
en-us	RKD can suppress the cross-terms effectively but is followed by poor time-frequency resolution.

zh-cn	为提高 RKD 的时频性能，在压缩感知框架下，利用跳频信号时频分布的稀疏特性，对 RKD 附加稀疏性约束，建立稀疏时频分布(STFD)的优化求解模型。
en-us	In order to improve the performance of RKD, the TFD sparsity of FH signals is analyzed and utilized, and the optimal model of STFD is established by additional constraints to RKD under the Compressed Sensing (CS) frame.

zh-cn	STFD不仅能有效抑制交叉项，而且具有良好的时频聚集性。
en-us	STFD can not only restrain cross-terms effectively, but also has a high time-frequency concentration.

zh-cn	仿真分析表明，与传统时频分析方法相比，该文提出的基于STFD 的跳频信号参数估计方法性能更优。
en-us	Simulation results show that proposed STFD-based parameter estimation of FH signals has better performance compared with conventional ones.

zh-cn	针对直观协方差无关增量式主成分分析算法(CCIPCA)需要满足零均值高斯分布的问题，该文提出含均值差向量更新的泛化 CCIPCA 算法(GCCIPCA)，拓展了算法的适用范围。
en-us	Existing Candid Covariance-free Incremental PCA (CCIPCA) has the limitation of the stable image inherent covariance, and a Generalized CCIPCA (GCCIPCA) with an appended term of the mean difference vector is presented. It can be considered that the CCIPCA is only a special case of the GCCIPCA and can extend the scope of the algorithm.

zh-cn	其次，针对机器人感知学习存在的在线增量计算及有效数据降维等问题，将 GCCIPCA 的增量思想引入到现有的双向主成分分析算法(BDPCA)，提出基于增量式 BDPCA(IBDPCA)的机器人感知学习方法。
en-us	Then, the incremental learning of the proposed GCCIPCA is innovated to the existing Bi-Directional PCA (BDPCA), and the called Incremental BDPCA (IBDPCA) is used for the robot perceptual learning.

zh-cn	该方法直接针对图像矩阵行列方向的类散度矩阵进行迭代估计，具有一定的泛化能力和快速的增量学习能力，提高了实时处理速度。
en-us	It can be used to incrementally compute the principal components without estimating the similar scatter matrixes in the row and column directions, which can build up the real-time processing speed greatly.

zh-cn	最后，以机器人待抓取物块作为感知对象进行实验，结果表明所提算法能够满足机器人感知学习的实时处理需求，相比现有的增量式主成分分析算法，在收敛率、分类识别率、计算时间及所需内存等性能方面均得到显著提升。
en-us	Finally, the blocks grasped by the robot are used as the perceptual objects, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm works well, and the convergence rate, the classification recognition rate, the computation time and the required memory are improved significantly.

zh-cn	跳频信号每跳带宽窄且多跳间积累困难，利用传统方法对其时延估计精度都很低。
en-us	The bandwidth of each hop in frequency hopping signal is very narrow, and the accumulating between multiple hop is difficult, thus the accuracy of time delay estimation for frequency hopping is low.

zh-cn	针对该问题，该文充分挖掘跳频信号“宽跳带”的潜能，建立了多频点相时延估计模型，把时延估计问题转化为整周模糊求解问题；
en-us	To deal with the problem, the potential of "wide band hopping" of frequency hopping signal is fully exploited. A multi-frequency phase delay estimation model is established, and the problem of time delay estimation is transformed into ambiguity resolution.

zh-cn	然后在解模糊过程中引入中国余数定理，针对“非合作”场景中模数无法选择的问题，提出一种基于“虚拟频点”的干涉相位外推方法，构造出鲁棒中国余数定理的适用条件；
en-us	Then, Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) is used to solve the ambiguity, but in the "non-cooperation" scene the module can not be chosen easily, thus an extrapolation method for interferometric phase based on "virtual frequency" is proposed to relax the constraint of module selection.

zh-cn	最后采用闭式鲁棒中国余数定理解算整周模糊，得到高精度的相时延。
en-us	Finally, the closed-form Robust Chinese Remainder Theorem (RCRT) is used to solve the ambiguity, and the phase delay is obtained with high accuracy.

zh-cn	该方法具有精度高、运算量小、不依赖于信道衰落特性的优点。
en-us	Compared with the conventional algorithm, the proposed algorithm has the advantages of high precision, low computation complexity and independence on the propagation characteristics of the channel.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了所提模型及方法的有效性和正确性。
en-us	The simulation results verify the validity and correctness of the proposed model and algorithm.

zh-cn	代码混淆利用系统自身逻辑来保护内部重要信息和关键算法，常用于软件代码的安全防护，确保开发者和用户的利益。
en-us	Obfuscation is used to safeguard lawful rights and interests of developers and users in software security, by protecting critical information and algorithms with the system logic relation.

zh-cn	如何在硬件电路上实现混淆、保护硬件 IP 核的知识产权，也是亟待解决的问题。
en-us	Also, how to achieve obfuscation method to protect the hardware IP core is becoming an urgent problem.

zh-cn	该文通过对硬件混淆和 AES 算法的研究，提出一种基于状态映射的 AES 算法硬件混淆方案。
en-us	In this paper, a hardware obfuscation scheme based on deflection strategy is proposed by studying the obfuscation method and the AES algorithm.

zh-cn	该方案首先利用冗余和黑洞两种状态相结合的状态映射方式，实现有限状态机的混淆；然后，采用比特翻转的方法，实现组合逻辑电路的混淆；
en-us	The deflection strategy with redundancy and black hole states are used to realize the Finite State Machine (FSM) obfuscation, and the bit flip method is used to realize the combinational logic obfuscation.

zh-cn	最后，在SMIC 65 nm CMOS 工艺下设计基于状态映射的 AES 算法硬件混淆电路，并采用 Toggle、数据相关性和代码覆盖率等评价硬件混淆的效率和有效性。
en-us	Finally, the proposed hardware obfuscation AES algorithm is designed in SMIC 65 nm CMOS process. The parameters of toggle, data correlation and code coverage are selected to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of hardware confusion.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，基于状态映射的 AES 算法硬件混淆电路面积和功耗分别增加9%和 16%，代码覆盖率达到 93%以上。
en-us	Experimental results show that the area and power consumption of the hardware obfuscation AES algorithm is increased by 9% and 16% respectively, and the code coverage rate is over 93%.

zh-cn	针对稀疏分解冗余字典中原子数量庞大的缺点，该文提出一种三阶多项式相位信号的快速稀疏分解算法。
en-us	In view of the defect for large number of atoms in the over-complete dictionary during sparse decomposition, this paper presents a fast sparse decomposition algorithm for three-order polynomial phase signal based on subspace.

zh-cn	该算法根据三阶多项式相位信号的特点，把原有信号变换成两个子空间信号，并根据这两个子空间信号构建相应的冗余字典，然后采用正交匹配追踪法来完成其稀疏分解，最后利用稀疏分解原理完成原有信号的稀疏分解。
en-us	According to the characteristic of three-order polynomial phase signal, the original signal is transformed into two subspace signals, then the atoms are structured based on the two subspace signals in the over-complete dictionary, and the two subspace signals are sparsely decomposed by using orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm. Finally, the sparse decomposition for the original signal is completed by using the theory of the sparse decomposition.

zh-cn	该算法把原有信号变换成两个不同子空间信号，构建了两个不同的冗余字典，对比采用一个冗余字典库，这种采用两个冗余字典的算法大大减少了原子数量，并且通过快速傅里叶变换，在一个冗余字典进行稀疏分解时，同时找到另一个冗余字典中的最匹配的原子。
en-us	In the algorithm, three-order polynomial phase signal is transformed into two subspace signals, and two over-complete dictionaries are structured based on the two subspace signals. Compared to one over-complete dictionary, the atoms are reduced enormously by using two over-complete dictionaries in the algorithm, and one matching atom can be obtained in one over-complete dictionary when another matching atom in another over-complete dictionary is obtained by using fast Fourier transform.

zh-cn	因此该算法通过减少原子数量和采用快速傅里叶变换大大加快了稀疏分解速度。
en-us	Therefore the method can sparsely decompose three-order polynomial phase signal with low computational complexity by reducing the atoms and using fast Fourier transform.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，相比于采用 Gabor 原子构建的冗余字典，采用匹配追踪算法与遗传算法及最近提出的基于调制相关划分的快速稀疏分解，它的稀疏分解速度更快，并且具有更好的收敛性。
en-us	Simulation results show that the computational efficiency of the proposed method is better than that of using Gabor atoms, genetic algorithm and the algorithm based on modulation correlation partition, and the sparsity is better.

zh-cn	组网雷达的多视角特性有利于获取目标的真实空间结构。
en-us	The multi-angle characteristic of netted radar is helpful in obtaining the actual space structure of ballistic targets.

zh-cn	该文在构建有翼进动目标回波模型的基础上，分析不同类型散射中心的微多普勒信息变化率的变化趋势，对微多普勒信息进行分离提取。
en-us	In this paper, the echo model for precession targets with vanes is established. Based on the model, the rate of change of micro-Doppler for different scattering centers are analyzed, and the micro-Doppler information is extracted.

zh-cn	利用非线性最小二乘拟合获取散射中心的幅度、相位信息。
en-us	Then the nonlinear least-square fitting is introduced to obtain the amplitude and phase information of scattering centers.

zh-cn	基于微动特征的不变性，利用多部雷达锥顶散射中心的幅度信息估计微动特征和坐标转换参数。
en-us	Amplitude information of scattering centers at the conical point obtained from radars is used to estimate micro-motion characteristics and parameters of coordinate transformation.

zh-cn	然后根据各散射中心在不同视角上投影分量的差异，实现尾翼散射中心的匹配，之后求解散射中心的瞬时空间位置，实现目标重构。
en-us	According to the distinctions among different projection components of scattering centers under different perspectives, scattering centers of fins are matched, and the instantaneous space coordinates are calculated to reconstruct the targets.

zh-cn	仿真验证了算法的有效性，并分析了微动参数和信噪比对重构结果的影响。
en-us	Finally, simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the influence of micro-motion parameters and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) on reconstruction results are analyzed.

zh-cn	多子集零相关区序列集适用于多小区环境下的准同步码分多址系统，可以同时消除小区内用户间干扰和小区间用户干扰。
en-us	Multiple Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) sequence sets are sutilable to Quasi-Synchronous Code-Division Multiple-Access  (QS_CDMA)  systems  to  remove  both  the  Multi-Path  Interference  (MPI)  and  the  Inter-Cell Interference (ICI).

zh-cn	该文利用零相关区非周期互补序列集构造了参数几乎最优的二元多子集零相关区序列集。
en-us	In this paper, multiple binary ZCZ sequence sets with inter-set Zero Corss-Correlation Zone (ZCCZ) are constructed from aperiodic complementary sequence sets with ZCZ, and the resultant binary ZCZ sequence sets are almost optimal.

zh-cn	为解决量子彩色图像滤波问题，该文提出一种基于量子傅里叶变换的频域滤波方法。
en-us	To solve the problem of quantum color image filtering, this paper proposes a frequency domain filtering method based on Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT).

zh-cn	首先采用新颖的增强量子描述(NEQR)方案将彩色图像描述为量子图像，然后对该量子图像实施傅里叶变换，采用基于滤波函数定义的量子 Oracle 将变换后的图像划分为不同频率的图像，最后通过逆量子傅里叶变换将这些不同频率的量子图像变换到空域，通过对空域量子图像实施测量即可得到不同频率的经典滤波图像。
en-us	Firstly, the classical color image is represented as a quantum image by Novel Enhanced Quantum Representation (NEQR) scheme, then the QFT is applied to the quantum image, and the transformed image is divided into different frequency images using quantum Oracle defined according to filter function. Finally, these quantum images of different frequencies are transformed into spatial domain by Inverter Quantum Fourier Transform (IQFT). Through the measurement, different frequency filtering images can be obtained.

zh-cn	文中给出了具体的量子滤波线路，以彩色图像平滑、锐化、周期噪声消除为例，验证了提出方案的正确性。
en-us	In this paper, a specific quantum filter circuit is given, and the correctness of the proposed scheme is verified by taking the color image smoothing, sharpening and periodic noise elimination as an example.

zh-cn	针对视频表情识别，静态特征不能有效描述人脸区域沿时间轴动态变化信息的局限，该文提出一种融合动态纹理信息和运动信息的表情识别方法，借鉴 LBP-TOP 原理，提出具有时空域描述能力的时空韦伯局部描述子(STWLD)来提取动态纹理信息，同时采用分块光流直方图(BHOF)描述运动信息，最后利用 SVM 对融合后的纹理和运动信息完成表情分类。
en-us	For facial expression recognition based on video sequences, the changing information of facial regions along the time axis can be described by dynamic descriptors more effectively than static descriptors. This paper proposes an expression recognition method based on the dynamic texture and motion information, and learning from the principle of Local Binary Pattern on Three Orthogonal Planes (LBP-TOP), Spatio-Temporal Weber Local Descriptor (STWLD) is proposed to describe the dynamic texture feature information of  the facial expression sequence. Moreover, using Block-based Histogram of Optical Flow features (BHOF), the motion information can be described. Through the combination of the dynamic texture and motion information, and finally SVM is applied to complete the expression classification.

zh-cn	在 CK+和 MMI 表情数据库上的交叉实验结果表明，相比基于单一特征的识别方法，所提方法取得了更好的效果；
en-us	The results of the cross experiments on the CK + and MMI expression database show that the method achieves better performance than methods using the single descriptors.

zh-cn	与其他相关方法的对比实验也验证了该方法的优越性。
en-us	The comparison experiments with other related methods also prove the superiority of the method.

zh-cn	该文提出一种新颖的基于二值图像微观结构模式(Binary Image Micorsructure Pattern, BIMP)表达和灰度图像微观结构二值模式(Gray Image Micorsruct Maximum Response Pattern, GIMMRP)编码方法。
en-us	A novel expression based on Binary Image Microstructure Pattern (BIMP) and Gray Image Micorstructure Maximum Response Pattern (GIMMRP) coding method is proposed.

zh-cn	通过对图像3×3 邻域结构进行二值编码，获得图像微观结构的描述，进而选取其中的重要执行模式子集和池化操作，实现整体图像的表示。
en-us	Through the binary coding of the 3×3 neighborhood structure of the image, the description of the microstructure of the image is obtained, and then selecting the important execution mode subset and the pooling operation to realize the representation of the whole image.

zh-cn	为了检验算法的有效性，在 ORL, YALE 两个人脸公开数据集，MNIST, USPS 两个手写数字公开数据集，以及非公开车标数据集上进行了测试，显示该方法具有很强的鉴别能力和鲁棒性，可以达到和超过很多最新算法的性能。
en-us	In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, experiments are carried out on the ORL, YALE two human face data set, MNIST, USPS two handwritten digital public data sets, as well as non-public vehicle standard data set. The results show the method has strong discriminative power and robustness and can achieve better performance than many of the latest algorithms.

zh-cn	无线带内全双工(IBFD)具有频谱效率倍增潜力，应用到多用户接入时，共享信道的优化分配将决定系统容量的实际增益。
en-us	The potential of wireless In-Band Full-Duplex (IBFD) in doubling spectral efficiency raises a special issue in channel allocation for Multi-user applications in capacity improvement.

zh-cn	该文分析多用户争用冲突的干扰特性及链路分配的约束条件，以容量最大为优化目标，针对双向全双工(BFD)、全双工中继(FDR)以及两者混合的传输模式，建立信道资源分配的问题模型。
en-us	This paper presents an analysis on mutual interferences, contention conflicting and allocation constraints for different modes of full-duplex transmission. The maximization number of transmission links is chosen as the objective of multi-user system optimization, and a mathematic programming problem of IBFD channel allocation for three transmission modes, including Bidirectional Full-Duplex (BFD), Full-Duplex Relay (FDR) and the mixed of two is proposed.

zh-cn	通过典型站点分布的最优解计算，分析 IBFD 系统相对半双工(HD)的容量增益。
en-us	The exact optimal solutions are researched for two kinds of typical topology to find the capacity improvement of IBFD to Half-Duplex (HD).

zh-cn	结果表明，BFD 有理想的 100%增益，而 FDR 有较大变化范围(最低增益 25%)。
en-us	The results show that BFD multi-user system has an ideal capacity gain 100% in relative to HD, while FDR reveals a wide range of gain with 25% in the lowest.

zh-cn	此外，计算发现，站点间传输链路呈现 1 维链型结构的容量增益明显优于 2 维平面分布的链路结构。
en-us	In addition, the gain of one dimensional chain of stations is found significantly superior to that of two-dimensional distribution.

zh-cn	基于压缩感知(CS)理论的稀疏线性调频步进信号(SFCS)逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像技术能够从少量观测数据中高概率重构出目标像，其中，观测矩阵的优化设计是提高成像质量和减少观测数据量的有效途径。然而，现有的观测矩阵优化设计研究通常没有考虑目标特征信息的有效利用，对目标的自适应能力不足。
en-us	The ISAR imaging technology with sparse Stepped-Frequency Chirp Signals (SFCS) based on Compressive Sensing (CS) theory can construct the target image from a few of measurements with high probability, where the measurement matrix optimization is an effective way of improving the imaging quality and reducing the measurements. However, most of the existing measurement matrix optimization methods do not utilize the target characteristic, which leads to low adaptive ability of target. Therefore, an adaptive measurement matrix optimization method for Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) Imaging with sparse SFCS is proposed in this paper, where the actual physical observation process is considered and the target characteristics are utilized to optimize the measurement matrix. However, most of the existing measurement matrix optimization methods do not utilize the target characteristic, which leads to low adaptive ability of target.

zh-cn	因此，该文在充分利用目标特征信息的基础上，结合稀疏 SFCS 信号的实际物理观测过程，提出一种 ISAR 成像观测矩阵自适应优化方法。
en-us	Therefore, an adaptive measurement matrix optimization method for Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) Imaging with sparse SFCS is proposed in this paper, where the actual physical observation process is considered and the target characteristics are utilized to optimize the measurement matrix.

zh-cn	该方法首先建立参数化稀疏表征成像模型以解决稀疏 SFCS 信号多普勒敏感问题，在此基础上，以在达到成像质量要求条件下使用最少观测数据量获得最优成像结果为目标对观测矩阵进行自适应优化设计，最终能够利用最少的数据量获得满意的目标成像结果。
en-us	In the method, a parametric sparse representation model of ISAR imaging is established to solve the Doppler sensitivity firstly. On the basis, the measurement matrix is optimized with the goal of obtaining the best target image with the minimum measurements under a given image quality requirement. As a result, the expected imaging results can be obtained with minimum measurements by using the optimized measurement matrix.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。
en-us	The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by experiments.

zh-cn	在红外目标跟踪中，由于目标所处的背景信息复杂多变和目标外观的显著变化，单一的分类器不足以拟合多模态的数据。
en-us	In the infrared object tracking, the single classifier is not enough to fit the multimodal data due to the complex background information of the target and the significant change in the appearance.

zh-cn	该文结合核相关滤波器(KCF)将多个核相关分类器通过集成学习整合到一个框架中。
en-us	In this paper, Kernelized Correlation Filters (KCF) tracking algorithm is used to integrate kernelized correlation classifiers into one framework through ensemble learning.

zh-cn	利用 KCF 分类器具有解析解的特点平衡跟踪鲁棒性与实时性之间的矛盾，从而解决单个分类器无法处理复杂背景与显著的外观变化问题，并显著提升目标跟踪的性能与稳定性。
en-us	It uses the KCF classifier that has analytical solutions to balance the contradiction between the robustness and instantaneity, thereby addressing the complex background and significant appearance changes, and consequently significantly improving the tracking performance and stability.

zh-cn	为了验证算法的有效性，该文利用两个核相关跟踪器联合学习出1 个强分类器。大量的定性定量实验表明所提的算法的跟踪性能超过传统的 KCF 算法，且跟踪速度也超过大多数比较算法。
en-us	To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, this paper uses two kernelized correlation trackers to learn a strong classifier. The qualitative and quantitative experiments show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the traditional KCF algorithm, and the tracking speed is superior to most of the comparison algorithms.

zh-cn	该文针对分布式 MIMO 雷达系统中的运动目标定位问题，以双基地距离(BR)及其变化率(BRR)作为观测量，提出一种基于多步加权最小二乘的代数解算法。
en-us	To solve the moving target localization problem in distributed MIMO radar systems, with the Bistatic Range (BR) and Bistatic Range Rate (BRR) used as the measurements, an algebraic algorithm based on multi-stage Weighted Least Squares (WLS) is proposed.

zh-cn	算法共需要 3 步加权最小二乘估计。
en-us	The proposed algorithm needs three WLS stages.

zh-cn	首先，在第 1 步加权最小二乘估计中，通过选取适当的辅助参数，将非线性的 BR 和 BRR 的观测方程进行伪线性化处理，从而得到目标位置和速度的粗略解；
en-us	In the first WLS stage, by introducing proper additional parameters, the BR and BRR measurement equations are linearized, and weighted least square estimator is used to produce a rough estimate of target position and velocity.

zh-cn	而后在后两步加权最小二乘估计中，利用目标位置参数和辅助参数之间的约束关系构建方程，从而得到目标位置和速度的精确估计。
en-us	Then in the latter two WLS stages, the relation between the target location parameters and additional parameters is utilized to refine the estimate.

zh-cn	最后，推导了算法的理论误差，从理论上证明了算法可以达到克拉美罗界。
en-us	Finally, the theoretical error of the proposed algorithm is derived, and it is proved that the theoretical error attains the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound.

zh-cn	在仿真实验中，将所提算法与现有算法进行了对比，验证了算法的优越性。
en-us	Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves a significant performance improvement over the existing algorithms.

zh-cn	该文提出一种新的同时具有高重复频率和大带宽性能的相干激光雷达系统。
en-us	A novel coherent ladar system with high repetition and wide bandwidth is proposed.

zh-cn	该系统基于 I&Q 调制器正交调制技术与带宽合成信号处理技术，使得系统能够同时满足大带宽和高重复频率的要求，解决了传统激光雷达宽带信号调制速度慢的问题。
en-us	Based on the I&Q modulator from the fiber communication community and the bandwidth synthesis technique, the proposed system provides wide bandwidth with high repetition rate, which is difficult for conversional ladar system based on tuning the wavelength of a tunable laser.

zh-cn	该系统能够生成高重频、大带宽的相干线性调频激光雷达信号，在高分辨距离成像、(逆)合成孔径激光雷达成像、距离分辨的振动测量等方面，具有重要的应用价值。
en-us	The proposed system is expected to be useful for high range resolution imaging, Inverse Synthetic Aperture Ladar (ISAL), range resolved vibration measurement.

zh-cn	文中阐述了宽带高重复频率调制的原理和方法、基于微波域频率步进的带宽合成信号处理方法，并进行光纤环路实验和自由空间实验。
en-us	The operation principle, system description, and signal processing method for bandwidth synthesis are discussed in the paper. And experiments are performed both in fiber delay line and free space.

zh-cn	作为演示，该激光雷达系统获得了 16.7 kHz 重复频率、6 GHz 带宽，实现了优于 2.5 cm 距离向分辨率成像及远距离运动目标逆合成孔径激光雷达成像。
en-us	As a demonstration, the system generates signal with 6 GHz at repetition rate of 16.7 kHz. The resolution of the obtained images is finer than 2.5 cm.

zh-cn	实验结果证明了该系统与方法的有效性。
en-us	The experimental results demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed system and the processing method.

zh-cn	特征基函数法是分析目标宽角度电磁散射特性的有效方法之一，但在构造特征基函数时，设置的入射波激励包含大量的冗余信息，大大降低了特征基函数的构造效率；
en-us	Characteristic basis function method is one of the effective methods to analyze wide-angle electromagnetic scattering characteristics of objects. However, the incident wave excitations used to construct the Characteristic Basis Functions (CBFs) contain large amount of redundant information, which greatly reduces the construction efficiency of the CBFs.

zh-cn	另外在分析复杂目标时，在增加激励数目的情况下，仅应用主要特征基函数并不能显著提高计算精度。
en-us	Moreover, when the complex target is analyzed, the calculation accuracy can not be significantly improved only using the Primary CBFs (PCBFs) when the number of excitations is increased.

zh-cn	针对这些问题，该文对特征基函数构造方法进行改进，首先采用奇异值分解技术对激励矩阵进行压缩去除冗余信息，减少求解矩阵方程的次数；
en-us	To solve these problems, an improved CBFs construction method is presented in this paper. Firstly, the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) technique is used to effectively compress the excitation matrix to remove the redundant information, which in turn reduces the number of solving the matrix equation.

zh-cn	其次充分考虑子域之间的互耦作用，将主要特征基函数与次要特征基函数融合，得到改进的主要特征基函数。
en-us	Then, the mutual interaction among subdomains is fully considered, and the Improved PCBFs (IPCBFs) are obtained by merging the PCBFs and the Secondary CBFs (SCBFs).

zh-cn	数值计算结果表明：与传统方法相比，该方法具有更高的计算效率和计算精度。
en-us	The numerical results show that the proposed method has higher computational efficiency and computational accuracy than the traditional method.

zh-cn	运动补偿帧率提升(MC-FRUC)是常见的视频时域篡改手段。
en-us	Motion-Compensated Frame Rate Up-Conversion (MC-FRUC) is one of the common temporal-domain tampering methods of video.

zh-cn	现有方法依靠被动分析视频统计特征发现MC-FRUC 篡改，然而，视频统计特性的非平稳性影响了取证性能的稳定性。
en-us	The existing methods recognize MC-FRUC tampering by passively analyzing statistical characteristics of video; however, the non-stationarity in statistics of video affects the stability of forensics.

zh-cn	该文提出一种主动混噪取证算法。
en-us	This paper proposes an active noise-mixed forensics algorithm.

zh-cn	首先，利用伪随机序列生成高斯白噪声，加入原始视频序列。
en-us	First, white Gaussian noises are produced using a pseudorandom sequence, and these noises are added into the original video sequence.

zh-cn	接着，由小波系数的绝对中位差预测各视频帧中混入高斯噪声的标准差。
en-us	Second, based on the median absolute deviation of wavelet coefficients, the standard deviation of mixed Gaussian noises in each video frame is estimated.

zh-cn	最后，检测高斯噪声标准差的时域变化周期性，通过硬阈值判决，自动甄别 MC-FRUC 篡改。
en-us	Last, the periodicity of standard deviation varying in time domain is detected, and MC-FRUC tampering with a hard-thresholding operation is automatically identified.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，针对不同的 MC-FRUC伪造方法，提出算法均表现出良好的取证性能，尤其是当采用去噪、压缩等操作后处理视频后，提出算法仍能确保较高的检测准确度。
en-us	Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm presents better performance of forensics for various MC-FRUC methods, and can still ensure high detection accuracy especially after videos are denoised or compressed.

zh-cn	针对目前信号数据域直接位置估计方法对分布式信号源进行直接定位存在精度下降问题，该文提出分布式信源数据域直接位置估计方法。
en-us	The traditional Direct Position Determination (DPD) methods have localization accuracy decrease when locating distributed sources. DPD methods of the distributed source is proposed in this paper to overcome the shortcoming mentioned above.

zh-cn	首先构建分布式信源直接位置估计模型，然后分别基于最大似然准则和特征结构分解思想给出分布式信源高精度直接位置估计的两种方法：分布源最大似然估计方法和广义子空间方法。
en-us	Firstly, a DPD model of the distributed source is constructed. Then two new DPD methods based on maximum likelihood criterion and multiple signal classification are proposed to locate the distributed source: Maximum Likelihood estimation DPD method of the Distributed source (DML-DPD) and Generalized Subspace DPD method (GS-DPD).

zh-cn	最后通过多维搜索完成对于分布式信源的直接位置估计。
en-us	Finally, target position is estimated via multidimensional grid search.

zh-cn	仿真分析表明，该文算法对分布式信源进行直接位置估计的精度较传统直接位置估计算法明显提升，能够在较低信噪比下逼近克拉美罗界；
en-us	The simulations show that the proposed methods have higher localization accuracy than traditional DPD methods when locating the distributed source, and are close to CRLB under the low SNR condition.

zh-cn	分布源最大似然估计方法在低信噪比下定位精度优于广义子空间方法，而广义子空间方法复杂度更低。
en-us	DML-DPD method has higher localization accuracy than GS-DPD method in the case of low SNR, while GS-DPD method has less computational complexity than DML-DPD method.

zh-cn	在大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的上行链路检测算法中，最小均方误差(MMSE)算法是接近最优的，但算法涉及到大矩阵求逆运算，计算复杂度仍然较高。
en-us	Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) algorithm is near-optimal for uplink massive MIMO systems, but it involves high-complexity matrix inversion.

zh-cn	近年提出的基于诺依曼级数近似的检测算法降低了复杂度但性能有一定的损失。
en-us	Recently, the proposed detection algorithm based on Neumann series approximation reduces the complexity with some performance losses.

zh-cn	为了降低复杂度的同时逼近 MMSE 算法性能，该文提出基于二对角矩阵分解的诺依曼级数(Neumann Series)近似，即将大矩阵分解为以两条主对角线上元素组成的矩阵与空心矩阵之和。
en-us	In order to reduce the complexity while approaching the performance of MMSE algorithm, the Neumann series approximation based on two-diagonal matrix decomposition is proposed in this paper, that is, the large matrix is decomposed into the sum of the two elements of the main diagonal and the hollow matrix.

zh-cn	理论分析与仿真结果表明所提算法检测性能逼近 MMSE 检测算法，且其复杂度从 ( )3O K 降低到 ( )2O K ，这里 K 是用户的数目。
en-us	The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the detection performance of the proposed algorithm is close to the MMSE detection algorithm while its computational complexity is reduced from ( )3O K to ( )2O K , where K is the number of users.

zh-cn	该文提出了一种基于 Hess 矩阵的多聚焦图像融合方法。
en-us	This paper proposes a Hess (also known as Hessian) matrix-based multi-focus image fusion method.

zh-cn	该方法利用多尺度下的 Hess 矩阵检测特征和背景区域，并在此基础上，将源图像分成特征区域与非特征区域，分别采用不同的融合策略生成决策图；
en-us	In this method, multi-scale Hess matrix is utilized to detect feature and background regions. On this basis, source images are split into two different parts, and different fusion strategies are applied to generating decision map respectively.

zh-cn	然后通过结合不同部分的决策图，得到初始决策图；最后采用后处理方法对初始决策图进行精化，得到最终的融合图像。
en-us	By combining decision maps in different parts, an initial decision map is obtained, and then the initial decision map is refined with post-processing method.

zh-cn	为了提高融合效果，该文还提出了一种基于多尺度 Hess 矩阵的聚焦评价方法。
en-us	To improve the performance of the fusion method, a new focus measure is proposed based on multi-scale Hess matrix for both feature and background regions.

zh-cn	同时引入积分图像进行快速计算，以满足实时性要求。
en-us	Integral images are also introduced for fast computation to meet the real-time application requirements.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方法在主观视觉感知和客观评价指标方面都要略优于现有的方法。
en-us	Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is competitive with or even outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of both subjective visual perception and objective evaluation metrics.

zh-cn	该文以经典的对称旅行商问题(Symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem, STSP)为基础，求解时间最优的旅行商问题(Time Optimal TSP, TOTSP)，将拟合函数引入到混合蛙跳遗传算法(SFLA-GA)的适应度函数来反映景点客流量随时间的变化，旨在旅游旺季为游客提供一条游览时间最短的路径推送服务。
en-us	In order to provide a recommended-path service for tourists with the shortest traveling time in the peak-season, the Time Optimal Traveling Salesman Problem (TOTSP) is further studied and the fit function is introduced into the fitness function of the hybrid Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm-Genetic Algorithm (SFLA-GA) to reflect the change of traffic over time, which is based on the classic and Symmetrical Traveling Salesman Problem (STSP).

zh-cn	实验结果表明：相对于随机游览路径，SFLA-GA 混合算法得到的游览路径明显节省了游览时间；
en-us	The experimental results show that compared with the random tour path, the tour path significantly saves the tour time which is obtained by the hybrid SFLA-GA.

zh-cn	与 SFLA 和混合粒子群遗传算法(PSO-GA)相比较，SFLA-GA 混合算法具有计算量少、收敛速度快、对初始种群依赖性低以及全局性更好等优点，在求解TOTSP 上搜索性能更强、时间更优。
en-us	Compared with SFLA and hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Genetic Algorithm (PSO-GA), the hybrid SFLA-GA has some advantages, such as less amount of calculation, fast speed of convergence, low dependency on initial population, good global superiority and so on. The hybrid SFLA-GA has stronger search capability and less search time in solving the TOTSP.

zh-cn	基于大量训练样本生成高置信度图像的生成对抗网络研究已经取得一些成果，但是现有的研究只针对已知训练样本进行图像生成，而未将训练的参数用于训练样本之外的图像生成。
en-us	Based on a large number of training samples to generate high confidence images, generative adversarial nets achieve good results, but the existing network of image generation in the training sample basis, the training parameters can not be used to generate images outside of training samples.

zh-cn	该文设计了一种改进的生成对抗网络模型，在已有网络的基础上增加一个还原层，使得测试图像可以通过改进的对抗网络生成对应的高置信度图像。
en-us	In this paper, an improved generative adversarial nets model is proposed, and a reduction layer is added on the basis of the existing network, so that the test image can generate the corresponding high confidence image through the improved generative adversarial nets.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，改进的生成对抗网络参数可以应用到训练集之外的普通样本。
en-us	The experimental results show that the improved generative adversarial nets parameters can be applied to the common samples outside the training set.

zh-cn	同时本文改进了生成模型的损失算法，极大地缩短了网络的收敛时间。
en-us	At the same time, this paper improves the loss algorithm of the generated model, which greatly shortens the convergence time of the network.

zh-cn	针对静态表情特征缺乏时间信息，不能充分体现表情的细微变化，该文提出一种针对非特定人的动态表情识别方法：基于动态时间规整(Dynamic Time Warping, DTW)和主动外观模型(Active Appearance Model, AAM)的动态表情识别。
en-us	To overcome the deficiency of static expression feature, which lacks time information and can not reflect the subtle changes of expression adequately, a dynamic expression recognition method is proposed for non-specific face: the dynamic expression recognition based on Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and Active Appearance Model (AAM).

zh-cn	首先采用基于局部梯度 DT-CWT(Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform)主方向模式(Dominant Direction Pattern, DDP)特征的 DTW 对表情序列进行规整。
en-us	Firstly, the method of DTW based on local gradient Dual Tree-Complex Wavelet Transform (DT-CWT) dominant direction pattern is used to warp expression sequence.

zh-cn	然后采用 AAM 定位出表情图像的 66 个特征点并进行跟踪，利用中性脸的特征点构建人脸几何模型，通过人脸几何模型的匹配克服不同人呈现表情的差异，并通过计算表情序列中相邻两帧图像对应特征点的位移获得表情的变化特征。
en-us	Secondly, using AAM to locate 66 feature points of face image and track them. The changing feature of expression can be obtained by calculating the displacement of corresponding feature points in two adjacent expression sequences image. And using the feature points of neutral face to build the facial geometry model. The matching of facial geometry model can overcome the expression differences between various people.

zh-cn	最后采用最近邻分类器进行分类识别。
en-us	Finally, the nearest neighbor classifier is used for classification and recognition.

zh-cn	在 CK+库和实验室自建库 HFUT-FE(HeFei University of Technology-Face Emotion)上的实验结果表明，所提算法具有较高的准确性。
en-us	The experimental results on CK+ database and HeFei University of Technology-Face Emotion (HFUT-FE) database show that the proposed algorithm has a high degree of accuracy.

zh-cn	针对立体图像中目标对象的闭合轮廓提取任务，该文提出一种基于视差信息的轮廓提取算法。
en-us	To get the closed boundary of target object of given stereoscopic image, this paper proposes an improved algorithm with disparity-guided constraint for active contour extraction based on greedy snake model.

zh-cn	该算法在传统贪婪蛇模型的基础上，利用各控制点和中心的视差关系为模型设计收缩和膨胀力，能够有效指导初始轮廓曲线向目标边缘的收敛。
en-us	The disparity relationship between the control points and the center of the object is used to design a new external force, which guides the original contour to real boundary.

zh-cn	同时算法采用重复利用经处理的控制点作为模型输入的循环迭代方式，能够获得分布均匀且较为密集的边缘曲线。
en-us	In addition, this method also uses the improved model iteratively with processed control points as the original input.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该轮廓提取算法减少了传统的贪婪蛇模型算法对初始值的依赖，准确度和可靠性均得到了很大的提升。
en-us	Experiment results prove this method reduces the reliance on initial values of input contour, and obtains accurate contour made up of uniform and dense points, which is more effective than the traditional greedy snake algorithm.

zh-cn	针对当前垂直切换判决算法存在的单一性，即切换判决时以用户或网络单方面为中心，没有充分考虑两者对切换判决的综合影响，导致垂直切换性能不佳的问题，该文提出一种基于双向匹配模型的垂直切换算法。
en-us	Most of the existing vertical handover algorithms are only based on user centric or network centric, which do not fully consider the common impact of the two sides on the handover decision. In order to solve this problem, a two-sided matching model based vertical handover algorithm in heterogeneous wireless networks is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法的主要思想是：首先分别以用户和网络为中心，设计各自的评估模型，用于评估双方对彼此的偏好顺序，并建立相应的排序值矩阵；
en-us	The handover performance is improved from the following aspects: first, two evaluation models of user centered and network centered are respectively proposed based on quality of service revenue and the blocking rate. And the ranking value of the two sides is evaluated further.

zh-cn	其次利用排序值信息，基于一对多双向匹配模型对用户侧和网络侧的双向匹配行为进行建模和求解，以获得最优匹配解；
en-us	Then, based on the ranking value, a one-to-many two-sided matching model is used to model the two-sided matching behavior of users and networks.

zh-cn	最后根据最优匹配结果，进行垂直切换。
en-us	In this way, users can access suitable networks.

zh-cn	仿真表明，该文设计的评估模型是合理的，并且所提出的算法能较好地兼顾用户侧的高性价比需求和网络侧的低阻塞率需求。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed evaluation models are in accordance with the practical network scenario, and the proposed algorithm can better balance the demand of users and networks.

zh-cn	受水下场景中有机物和悬浮颗粒的影响，水下图像存在对比度低、颜色失真和细节丢失等问题。
en-us	As a result of the existence of organisms and suspended particles under underwater conditions, images captured under water usually have low contrast, color distortion and loss of visibility.

zh-cn	同时，水下场景中通常有人工光源存在，造成图像光照不均。
en-us	At the same time, due to the existence of the artificial light source, the underwater image usually has the non-uniform illumination.

zh-cn	传统基于图像去雾的方法用于水下图像复原时效果欠佳，为充分考虑水对光的吸收和散射作用，近期提出了新的水下成像模型和图像复原方法。
en-us	Traditional hazy-removal methods perform poorly under water. In order to take both absorption and scattering into consideration, a new underwater image formation model and restoration methods are proposed recently.

zh-cn	但是这些方法未考虑红通道影响，导致估计的散射比偏大；另外，也未考虑人工光源的影响，导致估计的背景光过大。
en-us	However, these methods ignore the great impact of the red channel information and artificial light source.

zh-cn	针对这些问题，该文提出一套有效的水下图像清晰化方案。
en-us	To solve this problem, a new approach is proposed for underwater image visibility restoration.

zh-cn	首先，通过设置阈值确定是否将红通道信息用于暗通道计算，并将反映人工光源影响的饱和度指标用于散射比估计，以减小人工光源的影响。
en-us	Firstly, a threshold is set to determine whether to use the red channel information to estimate the dark channel, and a saturation indicator which is used to indicate the impact of artificial light source is utilized to calculate the scattering rate.

zh-cn	由此，提出了基于红通道预判和饱和度指标的暗通道计算方法。
en-us	Based on the red channel information anticipation and the saturation indicator, a new method is proposed to estimate the dark channel.

zh-cn	然后，根据三通道衰减系数比估计每个通道的透射率，可弥补目前很多方法假设蓝绿通道透射率一致的缺陷。
en-us	Then, the transmission of each channel is estimated according to the attenuation coefficient ratio, which makes the proposed method more robust.

zh-cn	最后，利用 Shades of Gray 算法估计环境光，并结合新的水下成像模型得到复原图像。
en-us	Finally, the ambient light is obtained using the Shades of Gray algorithm, and the visibility restoration result is achieved based on a new underwater image formation model.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文算法可显著提升图像的对比度，得到颜色自然、细节清晰的复原图像。
en-us	Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the contrast of the underwater image with more natural color and better visibility.

zh-cn	针对传统线裁剪方法对图像过度裁剪造成失真的问题，该文提出一种基于图像分块的线裁剪方法。
en-us	For the image distortion of over-carved, this paper proposes a modified Seam Carving (SC) method based on image blocking.

zh-cn	该方法把分块的思想融入到线裁剪并优化累积能量图，能在一定程度上保护图像主体区域，又兼顾背景区域的裁剪效果。
en-us	This paper fused blocking with the SC method, and optimized the cumulative energy map, which can make a carving balance between the object and background parts.

zh-cn	分块是根据显著图的平均列累加能量向量按照逐列标记的方式把图像分成保护区域和非保护区域，再根据每个区域的面积来分配裁剪线的数目。
en-us	Images are segmented into protected and non-protected blocks according to the labelled averaged column summation energy vectors, and then each block is allocated the corresponding carving seams.

zh-cn	在裁剪过程中，优化了累积能量图，降低了小面积显著主体被裁剪掉的可能性。
en-us	Moreover, the cumulative energy map is optimized in order to reduce the possibility of the small significant regions to be cut off.

zh-cn	在MSRA 数据库上与目前流行的线裁剪及其改进的方法进行对比，并把各种方法得到的缩放结果图在互联网上进行主观评价测试，实验结果表明该文方法具有更好的主观缩放效果，对各类图像的缩放具有普适性。
en-us	In the MSRA database, the proposed algorithm are compared with the SC method and its improved methods. The experimental results are evaluated on the Internet to test their subjective perceptions, which shows that the proposed method has a better subjective perception, and a general applicability for different images.

zh-cn	随着移动终端和移动互联网的发展，快速响应(QR)码被广泛运用于移动信息交互。
en-us	With the development of smart phones and mobile internet, Quick Response (QR) codes are widely applied to mobile information interaction.

zh-cn	但是，标准的  QR  码是由均匀分布的黑色与白色模块组成，外观类似噪声信号，缺乏视觉美感，限制了 QR 码的应用。
en-us	However, the appearance of the standard QR code is similar to the noise signal. It is lack of visual aesthetics, easy to damage the overall aesthetic of the publicity materials so that the promotional effect will be affected.

zh-cn	针对此问题，该文提出一种提高 QR 码视觉效果的美化方法。
en-us	To solve this problem, this paper proposes a beautification approach for embedding a color image in a QR code.

zh-cn	该方法将给定的彩色图像进行显著性检测和半色调处理，得到相应的显著性矩阵和半色调图像，然后根据半色调图像上的网点分布，对 QR 码的模块分布进行优化。
en-us	At first, the method processes the given color image with saliency detection and halftoning techniques to acquire the corresponding saliency image and halftone image. Then, the modules distribution of QR code is optimized by according to the halftone image.

zh-cn	为了提高优化效率，该文提出一种显著性加权随机优化算法，将优化后的 QR 码和半色调图像进行融合，得到与半色调图像最相似的半色调 QR 码。
en-us	In order to improve the optimization efficiency, a saliency weighted random sampling algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	在图像渲染阶段，该文提出一种基于二分搜索的色彩调整算法，得到具有色彩信息和视觉美感的彩色 QR 码。
en-us	Finally, a binary search based color adjustment algorithm is proposed in color rendering.

zh-cn	实验分析表明，该方法生成的 QR 码不仅保留了与标准 QR 码一样的抗遮挡、快速解码等特性，还有效地提升了视觉效果，具有很好的视觉吸引力。
en-us	Experimental results show that the color QR code generated by the proposed method can be correctly decoded. At the same time, it improves the visual appearance, increases the visual aesthetics, and possesses more visual appeal.

zh-cn	为了解决光学图像加密技术将密文相位信息主要集中在纯相位掩码中，使其存在轮廓显现问题，该文提出相干叠加与模均等矢量分解的光学图像加密算法。
en-us	In order to overcome the defects such as contour emerging induced by the cipher phase information mainly concentrated in the pure phase mask and difficult to resist the amplitude phase retrieval attack in current optical image encryption technology, the optical image encryption algorithm based on coherent superposition and equal modulus vector decomposition is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，对输入图像进行归一化处理；基于 Logistic 映射，利用输入图像的像素特性，生成其初值，通过迭代 Logistic 映射，输出混沌相位掩码；
en-us	Firstly, the optical image is normalized, and the initial value of Logistic map is generated using the pixel characteristics of plaintext, and the random phase mask is outputted by iterative the logistic map.

zh-cn	借助相位掩码，对图像完成调制，并结合 Fourier 变换，对调制图像进行处理，输出其 Fourier 频谱；
en-us	Then the image is modulated by random phase function, and the modulated image is processed based on Fourier transform to output the Fourier spectrum.

zh-cn	再对该频谱分别进行等模分解，获得两个掩码；
en-us	Then, the Fourier spectrum is decomposed equal module to obtain two masks.

zh-cn	再基于不同分数阶的 Fourier 机制，对两个掩码进行变换；
en-us	Each mask is transformed based on Fourier mechanism with different fractional order.

zh-cn	最后，引入相位-幅度截断编码技术，设计单向编码机制，通过激光束的相干叠加，输出编码密文的幅度与相位信息，将相位部分视为编码密文，把幅度信息作为解密密钥。
en-us	Finally, a one-way coding scheme is designed based on phase-amplitude truncation coding technique to get the amplitude and phase information of each Fourier spectrum, which regards the phase part as coding cipher, and the amplitude information as the decryption key.

zh-cn	通过等模分解技术，将输入明文演变为 4 个不同的相位与幅度信息，有效解决了轮廓显现问题。
en-us	The input plaintext is transformed into 4 different information of phases and amplitudes using the equal modulus vector decomposition technique to solve effectively the problem of contour representation.

zh-cn	实验结果显示：与当前基于干涉原理的图像加密机制相比，所提算法的安全性更高，有效消除了轮廓显现问题。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has higher security for effectively solving the contour appearance problem compared with current image encryption schemes based on the interference theory.

zh-cn	针对现有的长基线旋转干涉仪存在相位模糊，且不能对多个同频、同时到达的目标信号进行角度估计问题，该文提出一种基于旋转干涉仪虚拟圆阵化的多目标波达参数估计新算法。
en-us	Focusing on the problem of phase ambiguity and the issue that it is impossible to estimate the unambiguous angles of multiple sources with the same frequency and time of arrival, an approach for multiple sources parameters estimation with rotating interferometer using virtual circular array processing is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	该方法首先将旋转干涉仪采样得到的两通道数据进行共轭相乘操作，获得虚拟圆阵信号；
en-us	Firstly, the virtual circular array data is constructed by taking conjugate multiplication of the two channel data received by the rotating interferometer.

zh-cn	然后采用波束空间变换法将虚拟圆阵数据从阵元空间转换到波束空间，得到虚拟线阵数据序列；
en-us	Then, the virtue linear array data is obtained by employing beamspace transformation, which performs mapping from element-space to beamspace domain.

zh-cn	最后在实波束域上实现多目标 2 维角度无模糊估计。
en-us	Finally, the unambiguous angles of the multiple emitters are achieved in beamspace domain.

zh-cn	相比于传统旋转干涉仪方法而言，所提方法在不增加接收通道的同时，能够实现多目标角度的无模糊测量。
en-us	Compared with conventional rotating interferometer methods, the proposed method can deal with the problem of unambiguous Direction Of Arrival (DOA) estimation of multiple emitters with only two receiving channels.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。
en-us	The validity of the proposed method is verified by the simulation results.

zh-cn	针对传统稀疏表示跟踪算法在复杂背景中易出现跟踪漂移问题，该文提出一种局部感知下的稀疏优化目标跟踪方法。
en-us	The problem of tracking drift is produced easily by traditional sparse representation tracking methods in complex scene. To solve this problem, a novel tracking approach based on sparse optimization of local sensing is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，将首帧确定的目标区域进行非重叠均匀分割，并利用目标的全局特征和局部特征联合建模。
en-us	Firstly, the object area of the first frame is divided into non-overlapping uniform segmentation, building the template set using global features and local features.

zh-cn	然后，提出一种局部感知校验方法约束稀疏优化匹配过程，从而确定最优匹配样本。
en-us	Then, a local sensing correction method for constraining sparse optimization matching process is utilized to determine the optimal matching samples.

zh-cn	最后，在模板更新中提出一种决策方法对遮挡进行检测，并针对不同遮挡情况采取相应的更新策略，使得更新后的模板集更加完善。
en-us	Finally, a new method of occlusion decision is used to detect occlusion, and updating strategies are adopted according to different occlusion conditions, which makes the template sets more complete in the process of template update.

zh-cn	实验在 10 个标准库视频序列中测试，并与目前较流行的目标跟踪算法在跟踪效果、成功率等方面进行比较，实验结果表明，提出的跟踪方法在局部遮挡、目标形变、复杂背景等条件下跟踪准确、适应性强。
en-us	The experiments compare with state-of-the-art tracking algorithms on 10 tracking test sequences of benchmark library. Experiment results indicate that the proposed method possesses characteristics of accurate tracking and strong adaptability in the conditions of partial occlusion, deformation, and complex background.

zh-cn	针对脉冲噪声下盲均衡器难以快速收敛并有效抑制噪声的问题，该文提出一种基于 Renyi 熵的分数低阶双模盲均衡算法。
en-us	To improve the convergence speed and noise suppression effects of blind equalizer under impulsive noise environment, a new dual-mode blind equalization algorithm based on Renyi entropy and fractional lower order statistics is presented.

zh-cn	该算法将 Renyi 熵与分数低阶统计量相结合并用作代价函数来更新盲均衡器权向量，利用 Renyi熵提高算法的收敛速度，利用分数低阶统计量增强算法对脉冲噪声的抑制能力。
en-us	Renyi entropy and fractional lower order statistics are combined as cost functions to update the weight coefficients of the equalizer in this method, which can improve the convergence speed and enhance the ability of suppressing impulse noise.

zh-cn	为了提升系统稳健性，该文进一步提出双阈值加权判决法，通过设置双阈值并引入非线性加权函数，使得两种代价函数之间的切换更为平滑。
en-us	In addition, considering the robustness of system, a double-threshold based weighting decision method is proposed. By setting double thresholds and a nonlinear weighting function, the switching between two cost functions become smooth.

zh-cn	在不同脉冲性噪声、不同信道环境下进行仿真实验，结果表明，该文算法既能有效抑制脉冲噪声，又具有较快的收敛速度。
en-us	Simulation experiments are carried out under different impulse noise and different channel conditions. The results show that the algorithm converges faster and suppresses impulse noise effectively at the same time.

zh-cn	由于水下图像成像过程中受光的散射、噪声干扰等因素影响，致使图像质量严重退化。
en-us	Due to the influences of scattering of the light and interference of the noise, underwater image quality is always degraded severely.

zh-cn	为了去除模糊和抑制噪声，改善水下图像质量，该文提出一种融合暗原色先验和稀疏表示的水下图像复原新方法。
en-us	In order to remove the blur and suppress the noise, and improve the quality of underwater image, a novel underwater image restoration method based on the combination of dark-channel prior with sparse representation is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先利用暗原色先验理论计算水下图像的暗原色，然后基于稀疏表示理论对暗原色进行去噪和优化，基于改进后的暗原色计算水体透射率和光照强度以计算最终复原结果，可以同时达到去模糊和去噪的良好效果。
en-us	This method adopts the dark-channel prior theory to calculate the dark-channel image at first, and then uses sparse representation to denoise and optimize the dark-channel image. Based on the improved dark-channel image, the more precise water transmissivity and light intensity can be achieved to compute the final restoration result, effectively eliminating the image blur as well as noise.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，提出的方法有效提高了图像的平均梯度和信息熵等图像像素，从而改善了图像的质量。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the image factors, such as average gradient and entropy, so as to compensate the degraded image.

zh-cn	针对无线传感器网络中资源受限的入侵检测系统策略优化问题，该文提出一种多阶段动态入侵检测博弈模型。
en-us	To overcome the problem that the performance of intrusion detection deteriorates significantly in resource-constrained wireless sensor networks, a dynamically multi-stage game model of intrusion detection is proposed.

zh-cn	该模型利用贝叶斯规则修正下一阶段外部节点为恶意节点的后验概率，通过分析推导给出最易遭受攻击的节点集合。
en-us	Based on the Bayesian rules and prior probability that external node is a malicious node in this stage, the posterior probability of external node and the set of node vulnerable to attack are formulated respectively.

zh-cn	以建立的模型和节点集合为依据，求解了满足完美贝叶斯均衡条件的入侵检测最优策略。
en-us	Then, the optimal defense strategy for intrusion detection is calculated accurately according to the conditions of perfect Bayesian equilibrium.

zh-cn	在此基础上，设计了入侵检测最优策略方案。
en-us	On this basis, a novel scheme for intrusion detection is proposed in WSNs based on the optimal strategy of multi-stage game model.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，该方案在提高簇形结构检测防御成功率方面有明显优势。
en-us	Finally, experimental results show that the developed scheme has distinct advantage in improving the success rate of detection and suppression in clustered WSNs.

zh-cn	针对多密级信息环境下的数据交互问题，该文设计实现一种多密级交互存储控制器。
en-us	Considering the problem of data interaction in multi-level information environment, a multi-level interaction memory controller is designed and implemented.

zh-cn	在交互模型设计的基础上，构建了控制器总体结构，对存储器系统和交互控制逻辑等关键模块进行了详细设计，并实现了一个依据用户策略完成多密级信息交互的原型系统。
en-us	On the basis of the interactive model design, the overall structure of the controller is constructed. The key modules of memory system and interactive control logic are designed in detail, and a prototype system is used to complete multi-level information interaction in term of user strategy.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文设计的多密级交互存储控制器，交互过程可由用户根据实际需求配置，能够实现多密级信息交互功能，对信息分级管理具有重要意义。
en-us	The experimental results show that the multi-level interactive memory controller can be configured according to users' actual needs, and the multi-level information interaction function can be realized, which is significant to the information hierarchical management.

zh-cn	为了进一步提高大气对微波传播衰减影响的描述精度，为微波链路遥感反演大气新应用提供理论基础，该文系统性研究了大气主要吸收气体和各种大气粒子对微波传播的衰减情况。
en-us	To describe the effect of atmospheric conditions on the microwave propagations precisely, establish the theoretical foundation for the new applications of the atmospheric inversion by microwave links, the propagation attenuation by the absorptive gas and various atmospheric particles are investigated systematically in this paper.

zh-cn	利用 ITU-R 模型计算大气主要气体成分对微波的吸收衰减，然后在降水粒子、云雾粒子和沙尘粒子的介电模型、形状、相态和谱分布的基础上，计算得到群粒子对微波的衰减特性，系统讨论降水强度、相态、含水量、谱分布、气压和温度等因素对微波传播衰减的影响。
en-us	The absorption of main gas component in atmosphere are calculated by ITU-R model, and then based on the physical characteristics and dielectric model of different types of precipitation particles, cloud and fog particles, and  sand  particles,  the  scattering  characteristics  of  atmospheric  particles  cluster  at  the  microwave  band  are calculated, the effect of particle size distribution, intensity, phase, and temperature on the microwave propagation at  different  waveband  are  discussed  systematically.

zh-cn	数值模拟结果表明，大气主要气体成分在 60 GHz, 180 GHz 和 320 GHz 附近存在强烈的吸收带，其衰减系数与水蒸气含量和气压呈正相关，与温度呈负相关；
en-us	The numerical simulation results show that there are absorption band at 60 GHz, 180 GHz, and 320 GHz due to oxygen and vapor, and the attenuation is positively related to both the vapor content and air pressure, while it is negatively related to the temperature.

zh-cn	降水强度、谱分布、相态以及冰水比例对降水的微波衰减存在不同程度的影响，云雾的含水量和相态，沙尘的数密度、谱分布和含水量是影响微波衰减的主要因素，而温度的影响较小；
en-us	The microwave propagation attenuation by precipitation are mainly influenced by the precipitation intensity, particles size distribution, phase and its component rate. The water content and phase of cloud and fog are the main factors that affect the microwave attenuation, the number density, size distribution and water content of dust are the main factors that affect the microwave attenuation, while the temperature is the least factor.

zh-cn	大气各因素的衰减系数从大到小依次为爆炸沙尘、降水、气体吸收、水雾、冰雾和自然沙尘。
en-us	In sum, in order of the attenuation coefficient, it goes: blast dust, precipitation, gas absorption, water fog, ice fog, and atmospheric dust.

zh-cn	针对目前 Turbo 码中，分量编码器递归系统卷积码识别算法计算量大，容错性不好两大缺点，该文提出了一种容错性能较好的快速识别算法。
en-us	In order to solve the defects which are poor error tolerance and large amount of calculation in current algorithms to recognize the Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) encoder in Turbo codes, a new fast algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，在分析递归系统卷积码特殊结构的基础上，定义了更具普遍意义的广义码重概念；
en-us	Firstly, based on special structure of RSC codes, the concept named generalized code weight is defined which is more general.

zh-cn	其次，建立出递归系统卷积码生成多项式数据库，按照数据库中多项式是否为实际编码多项式的情况，分析出多项式所对应的结果向量广义码重概率分布；然后，按照分析出的广义码重概率分布，基于极大极小准则，导出快速识别算法判决门限的计算公式；
en-us	Secondly, the RSC polynomial database is built up, the probability distribution of generalized code weight can be analyzed under two situation whether the polynomials in database is actual polynomial, then based on distribution and Maxmin criteria, the decision threshold of the fast algorithm is deduced.

zh-cn	最后通过遍历多项式数据库，将遍历的多项式所对应的校验方程广义码重值与判决门限比较，从而实现参数的快速识别。
en-us	Finally, the parameters can be recognized by traversing the polynomials in database and compare the corresponding generalized code weight with decision threshold.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明：理论分析出的广义码重概率分布与仿真结果相一致，同时算法容错性能较好，在误码率高达 0.09 的条件下，各种编码约束长度下的递归系统卷积码识别率在 90%以上，并且计算复杂度较小。
en-us	The simulation results show that theoretical analysis of the probability distribution is consistent with the simulation's and the performance of error tolerant is preferable. The actual simulation show that correct rate of recognition can reach above 90% when the rate of bit error is as high as 0.09, besides, the computational complexity is low.

zh-cn	配对友好椭圆曲线在基于配对的密码系统中起关键作用。
en-us	Pairing-friendly elliptic curves play a vital role in pairing-based cryptography.

zh-cn	这类曲线的构造不仅极大影响实现效率，更关系到系统安全。
en-us	The construction of such curves not only influences the implementation efficiency, but concerns the security of system.

zh-cn	虽然目前已提出很多构造方法，但几乎都依赖穷尽搜索。
en-us	Though many methods for constructing such curves are introduced, most of which rely on exhaustive search.

zh-cn	该文提出一种构造该类曲线的系统方法，将寻找配对友好曲线问题转化到解方程，从而避免了穷尽搜索，并设计出具体算法。
en-us	In this paper, a new systematic method is proposed for constructing such curves which converts the problem to solving equation systems, instead of exhaustive searching.

zh-cn	最后，将该算法应用到寻找嵌入次数为 5,8,10 和 12 的配对友好曲线中，发现所有类型的椭圆曲线族都可由该方法统一得到，包括完全族、可变判别式的完全族和稀疏族。
en-us	The utility of the method is demonstrated by surveying such elliptic curves with embedding degree 5, 8, 10 and 12, and all kinds of families can be explained via the proposed method including complete families, complete families with variable discriminant and sparse families.

zh-cn	特别地，还找到了新的椭圆曲线族。
en-us	Specifically, a new family of elliptic curves is found.

zh-cn	针对虚拟网映射算法环境适应度低、拓扑关联性较差且映射开销较大的问题，该文提出一种环境自适应的拓扑联合感知虚拟网映射算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of low environmental adaptability, poor topology correlation and large embedding cost in virtual network embedding algorithms, an environment adaptive and joint topology aware virtual network embedding algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	首先提出一种加权相对熵排序方法对具有多指标的节点进行量化处理，依环境变化赋予节点指标不同的权值；
en-us	At first, a ranking method of weighted relative entropy is proposed to quantify the nodes with multi-index and the weights are changed according to different environment.

zh-cn	在虚拟节点排序阶段采用加权相对熵和广度优先搜索算法双重排序，物理节点排序中引入就近度与加权相对熵算法配合使用，实现了对虚拟拓扑和物理拓扑的联合感知；
en-us	The weighted relative entropy and breadth first search algorithm are both used in virtual node ranking phase, the nearest degree is introduced into physical node ranking and all these are used to achieve the joint awareness to the virtual topology and physical  topology.

zh-cn	最后利用 k-最短路径算法完成虚拟链路映射。
en-us	Finally, the k-shortest path algorithm is introduced into virtual link embedding.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法依据环境变化自适应调整指标权值，提高了虚拟网映射成功率和收益开销比。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the acceptance radio and the revenue to cost ratio by adjusting the weights according to the environment.

zh-cn	现有针对异构蜂窝网多点协作安全传输的研究集中于增强主信道质量以提升安全性，然而多基站协作又使基站和窃听者之间的平均距离变近，网络的安全性受限于距离协作基站较近的窃听者。
en-us	The existing researches on Coordinated Multi-Point transmission (Co MP) secure transmission in heterogeneous cellular networks mainly focus on improving the quality of the main channel to enhance security. However, CoMP also makes the average distance between base station and eavesdropper close which makes the security threat more severe.

zh-cn	针对该问题，该文提出一种基于安全保护域的增强型多点协作传输机制。
en-us	Based on secrecy guard zone, an enhanced CoMP policy is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	然后，理论分析了用户的连接中断概率、安全中断概率以及安全吞吐量。
en-us	Then, the connection outage probability, secrecy outage probability and secrecy throughput are analyzed.

zh-cn	进一步，以最大化安全吞吐量为目标，优化协作微基站的发射功率以及有用信息功率分配比例系数。
en-us	Furthermore, the transmission power and power allocation factor are designed very carefully to maximize the secrecy throughput.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相比于传统的多点协作安全传输机制，在存在严重安全威胁(窃听者密度较大)的场景下，所提机制可以实现非零系统安全吞吐量；在存在较小安全威胁(窃听者密度较小)的场景下，系统安全吞吐量最大可提升 76.1%。
en-us	Simulation results show that compared with conventional CoMP policy, the proposed policy can not only achieve non-zero secrecy throughput when faced with severe security threats (i.e. for larger eavesdropper density), but also improve the secrecy throughput of 76.1% at most when faced with small security threats (i.e. for smaller eavesdropper density).

zh-cn	基于交替方向乘子法(ADMM)的改进惩罚函数 LDPC 译码算法能够提升译码性能，但其所需优化参数过多且性能提升有限。
en-us	The LDPC decoding algorithm with improved penalty function can improve the performance of decoding algorithm based on Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), but it has too many parameters to be optimized and the performance improvement is limited.

zh-cn	针对该问题，将该算法与其它带有惩罚函数的译码算法比较后发现，两者的不同之处仅在于译码算法中变量节点的更新规则不同。
en-us	For this problem, by comparing it with other decoding algorithms with penalty function, it is found that the difference between them is only the update rules of variable nodes in the decoding algorithm.

zh-cn	因此，该文通过构造一种新的变量节点的更新方法去减少优化参数数目并提升译码性能。
en-us	Therefore, a new update method for variable nodes is proposed in this paper to reduce the number of parameters and improve the decoding performance.

zh-cn	实验仿真表明，相较于原有算法，该文所提算法有效减少了所需优化的参数数目，此外，所提算法的平均迭代次数更少且能实现约 0.1 dB 的性能提升。
en-us	The simulation results show that, compared with the original decoding algorithm, the decoding algorithm in this paper reduces the parameters which need to be optimized, in addition, the average number of iterations of the algorithm is less and the algorithm can achieve about 0.1 dB performance improvement.

zh-cn	针对密集组网场景中业务不确定性引起的基站休眠周期难以确定的问题，该文提出一种基于部分可测马尔可夫决策过程(Partially Observed Markov Decision Process, POMDP)业务感知的微基站休眠时长确定策略。
en-us	In order to solve the problem that the sleeping cycles are difficult to be determined duo to the traffic uncertainty in dense network scenarios, this paper proposes a Micro base station sleeping cycle determination strategy which based on the Partially Observed Markov Decision Process (POMDP) traffic-aware.

zh-cn	该策略将周期分为长周期和短周期，每个周期由轻度和深度两个阶段构成。
en-us	In this strategy, the sleeping cycle is divided into long cycle and short cycle, and each cycle consists of deep and light stage.

zh-cn	通过 POMDP 感知到达基站的业务状态，动态调整周期时长，进而选取适合当前周期的时长。
en-us	Based on the POMDP traffic-aware, it can dynamically adjusting the cycle and determine the proper length of cycle.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该策略可以根据业务感知提前确定微基站关断时长，与基于业务门限值的基站关断机制相比节能效果更好。
en-us	Both the analytical and simulation results show that compare with sleeping strategy based on the traffic threshold, the base station sleeping strategy based on traffic awareness can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the micro base stations in the dense network by adjusting the sleeping time of the micro base stations in real time.

zh-cn	绕射非局部边界条件是基于有限差分法求解抛物方程时使用的一种透明边界条件。
en-us	Diffraction nonlocal boundary condition is one kind of the transparent boundary condition which is used in the Finite Difference (FD) Parabolic Equation (PE).

zh-cn	它的最大优点是只用一层网格就能很好完成波地吸收，而缺点是由于涉及到卷积积分的计算，因此计算速度低。
en-us	The biggest advantage of the diffraction nonlocal boundary condition is that it can absorb the wave completely by using of one layer of grid. However, the computation speed is low because of the time consuming spatial convolution integrals.

zh-cn	针对此问题，该文首先引入可以加快其计算速度的递归卷积法和矢量拟合法。
en-us	To solve this problem, the recursive convolution and vector fitting method are introduced to accelerate the computational speed.

zh-cn	这里把结合了这两种数值计算方法的绕射非局部边界条件称为改进型绕射非局部边界条件。
en-us	The diffraction nonlocal boundary combined with these two kinds of methods is called as improved diffraction nonlocal boundary condition.

zh-cn	在此基础之上，提出将这种改进型的绕射非局部边界条件应用到 3 维抛物方程(3DPE)分解模型中。
en-us	Based on the improved nonlocal boundary condition, it is applied to Three-Dimensional Parabolic Equation (3DPE) decomposed model.

zh-cn	最后通过数值计算，证明了改性型绕射非局部边界条件 3DPE 分解模型在计算精度和计算速度方面的优势。
en-us	Numeric computation results demonstrate the computational accuracy and the speed of this three-dimensional parabolic equation decomposed model combined with the improved diffraction nonlocal boundary condition.

zh-cn	在递归神经网络(RNN)语言模型输入中增加表示当前词所对应主题的特征向量是一种有效利用长时间跨度历史信息的方法。
en-us	Attaching topic features to the input of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models is an efficient method to leverage distant contextual information.

zh-cn	由于在不同文档中各主题的概率分布通常差别很大，该文提出一种使用文档主题概率改进当前词主题特征的方法，并将改进后的特征应用于基于长短时记忆(LSTM)单元的递归神经网络语言模型中。
en-us	To cope with the problem that the topic distributions may vary greatly among different documents, this paper proposes an improved topic feature using the topic distributions of documents and applies it to a recurrent Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) language model.

zh-cn	实验表明，在 PTB 数据集上该文提出的方法使语言模型的困惑度相对于基线系统下降 11.8%。在 SWBD 数据集多候选重估实验中，该文提出的特征使 LSTM 模型相对于基线模型词错误率(WER)相对下降 6.0%；在 WSJ 数据集上的实验中，该特征使 LSTM 模型相对于基线模型词错误率(WER)相对下降 6.8%，并且在 eval92 测试集上，改进隐含狄利克雷分布(LDA)特征使 RNN 效果与 LSTM 相当。
en-us	Experiments show that the proposed feature achieved an 11.8% relatively perplexity reduction on the Penn TreeBank (PTB) dataset, and reached 6.0% and 6.8% relative Word Error Rate (WER) reduction on the SWitch BoarD (SWBD) and Wall Street Journal (WSJ) speech recognition task respectively. On WSJ speech recognition task, RNN with this feature can reach the effect of LSTM on eval92 testset.

zh-cn	为有效提高雷达高分辨 1 维距离像目标识别系统的总体性能，需要对目标高分辨 1 维距离像进行特征提取，以得到具有最小信息损失、高可分性且低维度的目标特征，为实现该目的提出一种基于核主分量相关判别分析的特征提取算法。
en-us	For radar High Resolution Range Profile (HRRP) automatic target recognition, the features should be extracted with sufficient target information, high discrimination, noise robustness, and low feature vector dimension. However, radar HRRP recognition suffers from insufficient amount of information and low discrimination feature, besides, the radar recognition system also need the ability of real-time processing with low dimension. To obtain features with merits of low-dimension and high-discrimination, a novel feature extraction method is designed for radar high range resolution profile, namely Kernel Principal Component Correlation and Discrimination Analysis (KPCCDA).

zh-cn	该算法基于目标高分辨 1 维距离像的统计特性，通过对核主分量分析中核函数的选择，实现对不同类型距离单元的特征提取。
en-us	With the proposed method, the statistical characteristics of different scatter range cells can be effectively used by Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA).

zh-cn	同时综合线性判别分析与典型相关分析理论构建新的准则函数，以实现特征空间中类内相关性与类间差异性最大化，同时减少目标特征中的冗余信息。
en-us	And the within-class correlation and between-class discrimination are maximized with linear discrimination analysis and canonical correlation analysis used. Besides, the redundancy and dimensionality of the feature vectors are reduced, yielding a lowered computational complexity to meet the storage requirement in practical radar target recognition.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方法可以有效的提高目标高分辨 1 维距离像目标识别系统的总体性能。
en-us	Experimental results with measured data validate the efficiency of the proposed method.

zh-cn	传统截面投影 Otsu 法后处理过程中的阈值 Q 为预先设定的常量，对含噪程度不同的图像普适性较差。
en-us	The threshold value of Q in the post process of traditional cross section projection Otsu's method is a constant, which is not universal applicability for images with different noises.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于记忆分子动理论优化算法的多目标截面投影 Otsu 法。
en-us	To solve this problem, this paper proposes a multi-objective cross section projection Otsu's method based on memory knetic-molecular theory ptimization algorithm.

zh-cn	该方法将阈值 Q 作为变量，结合分割阈值 T，基于最大类间方差和最大峰值信噪比准则建立多目标图像分割模型，以兼顾图像分割的准确性和抗噪性；
en-us	Based on the maximum between-class variance criterion and the maximum Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) criterion, a multi-objective image segmentation model is established to take into account the segmentation accuracy and anti-noise capability for image segmentation by combining threshold Q with segmentation threshold T.

zh-cn	为免阈值增加而影响算法效率，将人工记忆原理引入分子动理论优化算法，设计了一种基于记忆分子动理论优化算法的多目标图像分割模型求解方法。
en-us	In order to improve the efficiency of the algorithm, a memory knetic-molecular theory optimization algorithm is proposed for the multi-objective cross section projection Otsu's method by introducing the artificial memory principles into knetic-molecular theory optimization algorithm.

zh-cn	实验表明：该方法分割准确、抗噪性强、鲁棒性好，对含不同噪声的图像更具普适性。
en-us	The experimental results show that this method has significant advantages in segmentation accuracy, anti-noise capability and robustness, and is more universal applicability for images with different noises.

zh-cn	为了自动确定多光谱遥感影像中地物目标类别数，该文提出一种基于可变类模糊 C 均值(Fuzzy C-Means, FCM)的多光谱遥感影像分割方法。
en-us	In order to automatically determine the number of clusters in multispectral remote sensing image segmentation, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm with unknown number of clusters is proposed.

zh-cn	首先定义像素与聚类的非相似性测度并据此构建目标函数，而后通过求解目标函数得到最优模糊隶属度和聚类中心。
en-us	First of all, a new dissimilarity measure between a pixel and a cluster is defined. The fuzzy membership function and cluster center are obtained through minimizing the objective function.

zh-cn	其次，研究模糊因子与影像地物目标类别数的关系，并通过定义划分熵(Partition Entropy, PE)指数优选模糊因子，选择 PE 指数值稳定收敛后所对应的最小模糊因子值为最优模糊因子，根据模糊因子与类别数的关系得到最优类别数，从而实现了影像的可变类分割。
en-us	Then, the relationship between fuzzy factor and the number of clusters is studied. The optimal fuzzy factor is selected by defining the Partition Entropy (PE) index and corresponding to the minimum of fuzzy factor after the convergence of PE values. According to the relationship between the fuzzy factor and the number of clusters, the optimal number of clusters is obtained, and the variable cluster segmentation of the image is realized.

zh-cn	最后，利用提出算法分别对合成和真实多光谱遥感影像进行分割实验，实验结果表明，提出算法不仅能自动确定影像的最优类别数，还能获得较好的分割结果，为实现自动确定遥感影像中地物目标类别数提供新方法。
en-us	The analysis based on segmentation results of synthesized image and real multispectral remote sensing images show that the proposed algorithm can automatically determine the number of clusters and obtain the ideal segmentation results simultaneously. It provides a new method for automatically determine the number of clusters of remote sensing image.

zh-cn	针对无线网络中压缩编码及无线丢包等因素对移动终端视频的降质影响，在分析视频相邻帧差信号空-时感知统计特性的基础上，该文提出一种基于视频自然统计特性的无参考移动终端视频质量评价(NMVQA)算法。
en-us	Considering the influence of compression and wireless channel packet-loss on mobile video quality in wireless network, analyzing the space-time perceptual statistics of the differences between video adjacent frames, a No-reference Mobile Video Quality Assessment (NMVQA) algorithm is proposed based on video natural statistics.

zh-cn	进行视频帧差空-时自然统计规律分析，确定移动终端视频失真类型对视频相邻帧差系数统计特性的影响；
en-us	First, the influences of various video distortion type on the statistical characteristics of difference coefficients between video adjacent frames are analyzed in terms of the natural statistical regularities of video frame difference.

zh-cn	计算水平、垂直、主对角线和副对角线方向的帧差相邻系数乘积分布参数的时域统计特性；
en-us	Second, the temporal change of the distribution parameters with respect to the products of adjacent frame differences computed along horizontal, vertical and diagonal spatial orientations are calculated.

zh-cn	以多尺度帧差相邻系数的时域统计特性相关程度来衡量移动终端视频失真程度。
en-us	Finally, the distortion degree of mobile video is measured by the correlation between the multi-scale temporal changes of statistical characteristics of difference coefficients between video adjacent frames.

zh-cn	在 LIVE 移动视频数据库上的实验结果表明，该文所提算法的结果与主观评价具有较好的一致性，能够准确反映人类对视频失真程度的视觉感知效果，可为实时在线调节信源码率和无线信道参数提供参考依据。
en-us	Experimental results in the LIVE mobile video database show that NMVQA is well consistent with subjective assessment results, and can reflect human subjective feeling well. NMVQA can evaluate the performance of real-time online adjustment of the source rate and wireless channel parameters.

zh-cn	针对传统方法不能有效抽取维吾尔语事件因果关系的问题，该文提出一种基于双向 LSTM(Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory, BiLSTM)的维吾尔语事件因果关系抽取方法。
en-us	Since the traditional events causal relation has the disadvantages of small recognition coverage, a method for causal relation extraction of Uyghur events is presented based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model.

zh-cn	通过对维吾尔语语言以及事件因果关系特点的研究，提取出 10 项基于事件内部结构信息的特征；
en-us	In order to make full use of the event structure information, 10 characteristics of the Uyghur events structure information are extracted based on the study of the events causal relationship and Uyghur language features;

zh-cn	同时为充分利用事件语义信息，引入词嵌入作为 Bi LSTM的输入，提取事件句隐含的深层语义特征并利用批样规范化(Batch Normalization, BN)算法加速 Bi LSTM 的收敛；
en-us	At the same time, the word embedding is introduced as the input of BiLSTM to extract the deep semantic features of the Uyghur events and Batch Normalization (BN) algorithm is usded to accelerate the convergence of BiLSTM.

zh-cn	最后融合这两类特征作为 softmax 分类器的输入进而完成维吾尔语事件因果关系抽取。
en-us	Finally, concatenating these two kinds of features as the input of the softmax classifier to extract the Uyghur events causal relations. This method is used in the causal relation extraction of Uyghur events,

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方法用于维吾尔语事件因果关系的抽取准确率为  89.19%,  召回率为  83.19%, F 值为 86.09%，证明了该文提出的方法在维吾尔语事件因果关系抽取上的有效性。
en-us	The results show that the precision rate, the recall rate and F value can reach 89.19 %, 83.19% and 86.09 %, indicating the effectiveness and practicability of the method of causal relation extraction of Uyghur events.

zh-cn	将随机矩阵的非渐近谱理论应用到协作频谱感知中，对接收信号样本协方差矩阵的最大特征值和最小特征值进行分析，该文提出一种精确的最大最小特征值差(Exact Maximum Minimum Eigenvalue Difference, EMMED)的协作感知算法。
en-us	The non-asymptotic spectral theory of random matrix is applied to cooperative spectrum sensing, the maximum eigenvalue and the minimum eigenvalue of the sampled signal covariance matrix are analyzed and an Exact Maximum Minimum Eigenvalues Difference (EMMED) algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	对于任意给定的协作用户个数 K 和采样点数 N，首先推导了最大最小特征值之差的精确概率密度函数(Probability Density Function, PDF)和累积分布函数(Cumulative Distribution Function, CDF)，然后利用该分布函数设计了所提算法的判决阈值。
en-us	For any given numbers of cooperative users K and sampling points N, the exact Probability Density Function (PDF) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) of the difference between the maximum and minimum eigenvalues are derived. Then, an accurate decision threshold is designed by using the distribution function.

zh-cn	理论分析表明，EMMED 算法的判决阈值较已有的渐进最大最小特征值差(Asymptotic Maximum Minimum Eigenvalue Difference, AMMED)检测更为精确，算法无需主用户信号特征并且能够对抗噪声不确定度影响。
en-us	Theoretical analysis shows, the EMMED algorithm has the characteristics that the decision threshold is more accurate than the existing Asymptotic Maximum Minimum Eigenvalue Difference (AMMED) algorithm, without the characteristics of the main user signal and not affected by noise uncertainty.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，存在噪声不确定度的感知环境下，EMMED 算法较已有的精确最大特征值(Exact Maximum Eigenvalue, EME)和 EMMER 等频谱感知算法具有更好的检测性能。
en-us	In addition, the simulation results show that the EMMED algorithm has better detection performance than the existing Exact Maximum Eigenvalue (EME) and EMMER algorithms in the real sensing environment with noisy uncertainty.

zh-cn	低复杂度长周期数字伪随机序列在现代加密、通信等系统中具有广泛的应用。
en-us	Low complexity and long period pseudo-random sequence is widely used in data encryption and communication systems.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于余数系统和有限域置换多项式的伪随机序列生成方法。
en-us	A method of generating pseudo-random sequence based on Residue Number System (RNS) and permutation polynomials over finite fields is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法基于中国剩余定理将多个互质的小周期有限域随机序列进行单射扩展生成长周期数字伪随机序列，置换多项式的迭代计算在多个并行的小动态范围有限域上进行，从而降低了硬件实现中迭代环路的计算位宽，提高了生成速率。
en-us	This method extends several short period sequences into a long period digital pseudo-random sequence based on Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). Several short period sequences are generated by corresponding permutation polynomials over small finite fields parallelly, thereby reducing the bit width in hardware implementation and increased the generation speed.

zh-cn	该文还给出构建长周期伪随机序列的置换多项式参数选择方法和中国剩余定理优化方法，在现有技术平台下可轻易实现 2100以上的序列周期。
en-us	In order to generate long period sequences, a method to find the permutation polynomial and the the optimazition procedure for CRT are also proposed in this paper. Based on most of current hardware platforms, the proposed method can easily generate the pseudo-random sequence with period over 2100.

zh-cn	同时，该方法具有极大的迭代多项式选择自由度，例如仅在q º2(mod3) 且q £503 的有限域上满足要求的置换多项式就有 10905 种。
en-us	Meanwhile, this method has large space to select polynomials. For example, 10905 permutation polynomials can be used when  q º2(mod 3)   and  q £503 .

zh-cn	硬件实现结构简单，基于 Xilinx XC7Z020 芯片实现 290的随机序列仅需 20 个 18 kbit 的 BRAM 和少量逻辑资源，无需乘法器，生成速率可达 449.236 Mbps。
en-us	Based no Xilinx XC7Z020, it only costs 20 18 kbit BRAMs and a small amount of other resources (no multiplier) to generate a pseudo-random sequence whose period over 290, and the generation rate is over 449.236 Mbps.

zh-cn	基于 NIST 的测试表明序列具有良好的随机特性。
en-us	The results of NIST test show that the sequence has good random property and encryption performance.

zh-cn	光和无线(Fiber-Wireless,  FiWi)混合网络可以有效解决“随时随地”接受高速业务的网络接入问题。
en-us	Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) hybrid network can effectively solve the problem that people need to receive high speed service anytime and anywhere.

zh-cn	作为 FiWi 网络的关键节点，ONU 数目和位置很大程度上决定了网络的成本和性能。
en-us	As the key node of the FiWi network, the number and location of ONUs determine the cost and performance of the network to a great extent.

zh-cn	为降低 FiWi 网络的建设成本，提升网络性能，该文基于 EPON-WIMAX 混合组网的 FiWi 网络，提出一种 ONU 部署策略，基于改进的遗传算法优化 ONU 部署，在使 ONU 数量最少的基础上，保证一定程度上的负载均衡。
en-us	In order to reduce the construction cost of FiWi network and improve network performance, an ONU deployment strategy based on improved genetic algorithm is proposed in the EPON-WIMAX hybrid network. It can minimize the number of deployed ONUs and take into account the load balancing.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明该文算法能够避免过早收敛导致的局部最优，得到全局最优、数目最少的 ONU 部署方案，并实现较好的负载均衡。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm avoids sub-optimal trap and the final number of ONU is the least, while maintaining a high load balancing level with better performance.

zh-cn	大数乘法是全同态加密算法中一个不可或缺的单元模块，也是其中耗时最多的模块，设计一个性能优良的大数乘法器有助于推进全同态加密的实用化进程。
en-us	Large multiplier is an indispensable module in fully homomorphic encryption, while is also the most time-consuming module. Therefore, design of a large multiplier with good performance is helpful to promote the practical process of fully homomorphic encryption.

zh-cn	针对 SSA 大数乘法器的实现需求，该文采用可综合 Verilog HDL语言完成了一个 16×24 bit 有限域 FFT 算法的 FPGA 设计，通过构建树型大数求和单元和并行化处理方法有效提高了 FFT 算法的速度。
en-us	Aimed at the demand of SSA (Schönhage-Strassen Algorithm) large multiplier, a 16×24 bit finite field FFT based on FPGA is designed by using Verilog HDL language. By constructing the tree type large sum unit and using parallel processing method, the speed of FFT algorithm is improved effectively.

zh-cn	与 VIM 编译环境下的系统级仿真结果比较，验证了有限域 FFT 算法 FPGA 设计的正确性。
en-us	And its correctness is proved by comparing with the system level simulation results in VIM compiler environment.

zh-cn	针对物联网准静态信道下密钥生成速率低的问题，该文提出一种基于中继节点协作的密钥生成方法。
en-us	A secret key generation scheme based on a cooperative relay is proposed to improve the generated secret key rate for quasi-static channels in Internet of things.

zh-cn	首先，通信双方通过信道估计获得直达信道和部分中继信道信息；
en-us	Firstly, the two legitimate nodes send training sequences to estimate the direct channel information, respectively.

zh-cn	然后，中继节点采用网络编码技术参与协作，使得通信双方获取全部中继信道信息；
en-us	After that the relay employs network coding technique to participate the cooperation, and assists the two legitimate nodes to obtain the relay channels information.

zh-cn	最后，通信双方在直达信道上进行密钥协商，利用直达信道信息、中继信道信息与协商信息共同生成相同的密钥。
en-us	Finally, the two legitimate nodes agree on a secret key from the direct and relay channels information using the direct channel without the help of the relay.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明该方法能够提高可达密钥速率，并且随着信噪比的提高，可达密钥速率呈线性增长，趋于最优值。
en-us	Security analysis results show that the scheme can improve the achievable secret key rate, and the achievable key rate increases linearly with SNR, approaching the optimal rate.

zh-cn	蒙特卡洛仿真验证了理论分析的结果，并得出了增加中继节点数量、选取信道变化幅度大的中继节点，可以进一步提高可达密钥速率。
en-us	Monte Carlo simulation verifies the security analysis results, and obtains that increasing the relay nodes, selecting the relay with a larger variance channel can further improve the achievable secret key rate.

zh-cn	认知雷达可以在探测过程中不断优化自身系统参数，实现与当前探测环境的匹配，从而能够改善雷达的探测性能。
en-us	For the cognitive radar system, the system parameters can be optimized to match the current environment during the detection procedure, so as to improve the radar detection performance.

zh-cn	针对未知目标的探测问题，利用当前回波数据更新目标分量的估计值及其协方差矩阵，基于目标相关信息优化下一次探测所需的发射机波形和接收机滤波器，并构成一个闭环处理过程。
en-us	For the unknown target detection problem, the useful signal component estimate and its covariant matrix are updated using the current returns, then the transmit waveform and receive filter are optimized based on the information of the useful signal. A closed loop processing is formed.

zh-cn	该文提出了两种优化途径，第 1种途径利用目标分量的估计仅优化下一次探测波形，在接收端采用广义匹配滤波器；
en-us	The two optimization approaches are proposed. For the first approach, the transmit waveform design is based on the estimate of the useful signal, and the generalized match filter is used at  the  receiver.

zh-cn	第 2 种途径将估计误差等效为信号依赖的噪声，联合优化发射波形与接收机滤波器。
en-us	For  the  second  approach,  the  estimate  error  of  the  useful  signal  is  equivalent  to  the  signal- dependent noise, and the transmit waveform and receive filter are jointly designed.

zh-cn	计算机仿真分析表明，采用闭环迭代优化的方法是渐进等效的，并可以在相干累积获得的性能增益基础上，进一步改善雷达的探测性能。
en-us	The computer simulation result show that, the proposed methods are asymptotically equivalent, and they can improve the detection performance further, compared with the performance gain of the coherent accumulation.

zh-cn	3 维多输入多输出(3D-MIMO)系统能有效提升频谱效率，提高系统容量。
en-us	Three Dimension Multi-Input Multi-Output (3D-MIMO) systems can effectively improve  frequency efficiency and system capacity.

zh-cn	但用户数和天线数的剧增，无法保证所有用户的导频都正交，给 3D-MIMO 信道估计带来估计精度下降和复杂度增加等问题。
en-us	However, with the growing number of antennas and users, pilot sequences are non- orthogonal, which will affect the accuracy of 3D-MIMO channel estimation and increase complexity.

zh-cn	该文分析了上行3D-MIMO 系统信道的结构稀疏特性和低秩特性，并基于这些特性提出一种信道估计算法，给出了算法的收敛性和复杂度。
en-us	In this paper, the structured sparseness and low rank property of 3D-MIMO channel are studied. By taking advantage of these properties, a channel estimation algorithm is proposed, and the convergence and complexity of the algorithm are analyzed.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明估计算法能准确地恢复 3D-MIMO 的信道系数，并有较低的复杂度。
en-us	Simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm can accurately recover 3D-MIMO channel with low complexity.

zh-cn	为消除基本宽线检测算子中的冗余计算量，提高算法的运算速度，该文提出一种宽线算子的快速实现方法：随机移动宽线算子。
en-us	To eliminate computation redundancy and improve speed of the basic wide line detector, a fast implementation, named randomized moving wide line detector, is proposed.

zh-cn	基本宽线算子采取逐像素移动模板的方式检测图像中的宽线特征，与之不同，随机移动宽线算子在检测时，随机地在图像中放置检测模板，并根据当前像素类型采用启发式的准则确定模板移动的策略，从而加快了模板移动速度，较好地消除了基本宽线检测算法中的冗余运算；
en-us	Instead of moving the mask pixel by pixel to detect wide lines as did in the basic implementation, the randomized moving wide line detector places the mask in the image randomly, and then determines the mask moving strategy heuristically according to the current pixel. In this way, the mask moving is accelerated, leading to obvious decrease of computational redundancy in the basic detector.

zh-cn	在此基础上，提出了两种提前结束条件，可根据检测情况提前结束循环，进一步节省了运算量。
en-us	Furthermore, two early termination conditions are proposed to break out of the detecting loop based on the detection situation of wide lines.

zh-cn	利用测试图像对快速算子进行了实验分析，结果表明，随机移动宽线算子在取得相当检测性能的同时，提高了基本宽线算子的运算速度。
en-us	Testing images are adopted for performance evaluation of the randomized moving wide line detector. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed detector accelerates the basic wide line detector significantly while keeping its detection performance unaffected.

zh-cn	针对无线传感器网络分布式迭代定位中误差的传播和累积问题，该文首先分析了锚节点几何形状对定位误差的影响，提出了基于几何精度因子的误差控制算法，巧妙设计了加权策略，将锚节点几何形状对定位精度的影响以权值的形式定量体现在迭代定位过程中，在每一轮迭代中有效控制了误差的传递，进而提高了整个网络的分布式定位精度。
en-us	To solve the problem of error propagation and accumulation in distributed multihop iterative localization process in wireless sensor networks, the localization error influence of anchor geometry is firstly analyzed and an error control algorithm based on Geometric Dilution Of Precision (GDOP) is proposed. By designing a delicate weighting scheme, the error magnification effect of geometry is quantitatively involved in terms of weight which effectively control error propagation in every iterative step and improve distributed localization accuracy of the whole network.

zh-cn	与传统的最小二乘定位算法和基于轮数的误差控制算法进行了仿真比较，结果表明，基于几何精度因子的误差控制算法定位性能最优，网络定位精度分别提高了 25%和 15%。
en-us	The performance evaluation shows that, compared with classic iterative localization algorithm based on least squared estimation and another weighted algorithm based on iterative round, localization precision of GDOP weighted algorithm is improved by 25% and 15% respectively.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于虚拟信道的空时优化多输入多输出(MIMO)无线传输系统。
en-us	A space-time optimized Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless transmission system based on virtual channel method is proposed.

zh-cn	通过在发射端产生不同的空时虚拟信道，与实际空间无线信道级联，构成系统的整体传输信道即协同空分信道。
en-us	At the transmitter, various space-time virtual channels are generated that are connected with the actual space wireless channels to form the cooperative space division channels.

zh-cn	系统可以根据接收端的反馈信息采用模拟退火算法来优化虚拟信道，改善误码率(BER)性能。
en-us	According to the feedback information from the receiver, the Bit Error Rate (BER) can be significantly improved by using the simulated annealing algorithm to optimize the virtual channels.

zh-cn	利用虚拟信道方法，可以使一根 MIMO 发射天线在同一时间、同一频段传输多路叠加合并后的数据信号，从而可以使发射的不同数据信号的总路数超过发射天线的数量，突破了现有 MIMO 系统在同一时间、同一频段最多只能发射与发射天线数量相等的不同数据信号的传统方式，可以显著提高系统的频谱效率。
en-us	Morever, by using the virtual channel method, it allows one MIMO antenna to transmit multiple superposed data streams in one frequency band at the same time, therefore it can transmit more number of different data streams than the number of transmit antennas, breaking the conventional way that the number of different data streams to be transmitted is equal to the number of transmit antennas. Thus, the proposed MIMO system can significantly improve the spectral efficiency.

zh-cn	仿真结果和基于 ZC706 和 AD9361 硬件平台的微波暗室实际测试结果充分验证了新 MIMO 系统的有效性。
en-us	Simulation results and experimental test results based on ZC706 and AD9361 hardware platforms in microwave anechoic chamber fully demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MIMO system.

zh-cn	针对软扩频信号因采用了编码技术使得伪码序列难以估计的问题，该文提出一种基于 K-means 聚类改进的软扩频信号伪码序列盲估计方法。
en-us	For the problem of the soft spread spectrum signal Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequence is difficult to estimate by using the coding technology, a blind estimation PN sequence method of soft spread spectrum signal is proposed based on improved K-means algorithm.

zh-cn	该方法首先以单倍伪码周期的窗长对接收信号进行数据分段以构造观测数据矩阵，其次利用相似测度的理论从观测数据中寻找出 K-means 算法最优的初始聚类中心点，然后通过搜索平均轮廓系数(Silhouette  Coefficient,  SC)最大的绝对值以完成伪码集合规模数的估计，最后找到估计的伪码集合规模数所对应的聚类中心点集合，进一步完成对软扩频信号伪码序列的盲估计。
en-us	Firstly, the received signal is divided into continuous non-overlapping temporal vectors according to one period of PN sequence to construct observation data matrix. Secondly, the similarity measure theory is applied to find out the optimal initial clustering center point of K-means algorithm from the observed matrix. Then the number of scale of PN sequence can be estimated by searching for the maximum absolute value of the average Silhouette Coefficient (SC). Finally, the estimated clustering center point corresponding to the number of scale of PN sequence is found, and the blind estimation PN sequence of the soft spread spectrum signal is further completed.

zh-cn	通过仿真实验表明，在伪码序列估计错误概率低于 0.1 的情况下，该文方法比未改进方法提高信噪比约 4  d B；
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method improves the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) about 4 dB compared to the traditional method under the condition of the estimation error probability of PN sequence is less than 0.1.

zh-cn	而且在同一条件下，该文方法对信号的盲解扩性能优于未改进的方法。
en-us	Moreover, the blind dispreading performance is also better than unmodified method under the same condition.

zh-cn	为了进一步降低芯片内无损压缩的运算复杂度和编码时间，该文在保持高压缩率的基础上，提出一种基于方向预测和混合熵编码的快速无损压缩算法。
en-us	A fast-lossless compression using texture prediction and mixed golomb coding is proposed to reduce the computational complexity while keeping high compression ratio.

zh-cn	该算法首先采用自适应方法进行纹理方向的预测，以获得当前像素的参考像素，并计算预测残差；
en-us	First, the reference pixel of the current pixel is gotten by texture direction prediction, meanwhile, the pixel difference is calculated.

zh-cn	然后对预测残差进行混合哥伦布编码，最终大幅度地提高了无损压缩的压缩性能。
en-us	Then, the pixel difference is entropy coded through mixed Golomb. Thus, the compression performance is improved greatly.

zh-cn	实验结果显示，与基于梯度预测和变长编码的无损压缩算法相比，该算法在平均压缩率略有提升的前提下，平均编码时间减少了 36.86%。
en-us	Simulation results show that compared with lossless frame memory compression using pixel gain prediction and dynamic order entropy coding, the proposed algorithm reduce the average coding time by 36.86%. Moreover, the average compression ratio is increased slightly in the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	使用拍卖方式来进行资源分配可以使得资源提供商获得更大的收益，是云计算领域近年来研究的重点。
en-us	Auction-based resource allocation is a major challenging problem for cloud computing.

zh-cn	但现有研究多是基于非可信、单资源、单需求的前提。
en-us	However, the existing research is based on untruthful, single resource, single requirement for the premise.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于拍卖方式的云计算虚拟资源分配和定价机制(VRAP)。
en-us	In this paper, a truthful auction mechanism is designed for Virtual Resource Allocation and Payment (VRAP) in cloud computing.

zh-cn	这种机制的特点在于，用户在一次拍卖中可以提出多个资源需求。
en-us	In this mechanism, users can submit multiple requests at one time, but only one request can be satisfied, known as multi requirements single mind.

zh-cn	证明了在这种机制下，资源提供商可以获得较以往拍卖机制更大的收益，同时能够保证用户出价是可信的。
en-us	It is proved that the resource providers can obtain more social welfare under this mechanism than before, and it can guarantee the users' bids are truthful. The mechanism is still compatible with the traditional auction which the user can only submit one request.

zh-cn	进而在具体资源分配问题上，提出一种单调的启发式算法能够在很短时间内计算出分配结果，通过资源稀有度概念设计了再分配策略，可以保证云资源提供商的收益极大化；
en-us	For the resource allocation problem, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to get the allocation result in a short time, through the reallocation strategy, the social welfare of the cloud resource provider can be maximized.

zh-cn	在支付价格计算算法设计中，基于临界值理论计算支付价格，从而保证机制的公平可信。
en-us	The payment algorithm takes into account critical value to ensure that the machnism is truthful.

zh-cn	在社会福利、执行时间、资源利用率等多个方面对 VRAP 进行了测试分析，取得了很好的效果。
en-us	In the experiment, it is analyzed in terms of social welfare, execution time, resource utilization and so on. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has good effect for virtual resource action.

zh-cn	属性基加密因其细粒度访问控制在云存储中得到广泛应用。
en-us	Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) scheme is widely used in cloud storage, which can achieve fine-grained access control.

zh-cn	但原始属性基加密方案存在密钥托管和属性撤销问题。
en-us	However, the original attribute-based encryption schemes have key escrow and attribute revocation problems.

zh-cn	为解决上述问题，该文提出一种密文策略的属性基加密方案。
en-us	To solve these problems, this paper proposes a ciphertext-based ABE scheme.

zh-cn	该方案中属性权威与中央控制通过安全两方计算技术构建无密钥托管密钥分发协议解决密钥托管问题。
en-us	In the scheme, the key escrow problem could be solved by escrow-free key issuing protocol, which is constructed using the secure two-party computation between the attribute authority and the central controller.

zh-cn	通过更新属性版本密钥的方式达到属性级用户撤销，同时通过中央控制可以实现系统级用户撤销。
en-us	By updating the attribute version key, the scheme can achieve attribute-level user revocation. And by central controller, the scheme can achieve system-level user revocation.

zh-cn	为减少用户解密过程的计算负担，将解密运算过程中复杂对运算外包给云服务商，提高解密效率。
en-us	In order to reduce the user's computational burden of decryption, this scheme outsources the complicated pair operation to cloud service providers.

zh-cn	该文基于 q-Parallel BDHE 假设在随机预言机模型下对方案进行了选择访问结构明文攻击的安全性证明。
en-us	Based on the assumption of q-Parallel BDHE, the scheme is proved that is the security of the chosen plaintext attack in the random oracle model.

zh-cn	最后从理论和实验两方面对所提方案的效率与功能性进行了分析。
en-us	Finally, the efficiency and function of this scheme are analyzed theoretically and experimentally.

zh-cn	实验结果表明所提方案无密钥托管问题，且具有较高系统效率。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed scheme does not have key escrow problem and has the higher system efficiency.

zh-cn	为了实现车载自组织网络中车辆节点之间信息传输的安全认证，该文设计了一种无证书聚合签名方案。
en-us	In order to realize the security authentication of the information transmission between vehicle nodes in vehicular Ad hoc networks, a certificateless aggregate signature scheme is designed.

zh-cn	提出的方案采用无证书密码体制，消除了复杂的证书维护成本，同时也解决了密钥托管问题。
en-us	The proposed scheme uses certificateless cryptography, which eliminates the complex maintenance cost of certificate and solves the problem of key escrow.

zh-cn	通过路侧单元生成的假名与周围节点进行通信，实现了车辆用户的条件隐私保护。
en-us	Communicating through pseudonyms and nodes around the roadside units generated, the conditional privacy protection is achieved for vehicle users.

zh-cn	在随机预言模型下，证明了方案满足自适应选择消息攻击下的存在性不可伪造。
en-us	In the random oracle model, the scheme is proved to be existentially unforgeable against adaptive chosen message attack.

zh-cn	然后，分析了方案的实现效率，并模拟实现了车载自组网(VANET)环境中车流密度与消息验证的时间延迟之间的关系。
en-us	Then, the efficiency of the scheme is analyzed, and the relationship between the traffic density in Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork (VANETs) environment and the time delay of message verification is simulated.

zh-cn	结果表明，该方案满足消息的认证性、匿名性、不可伪造性和可追踪性等性质，并且通信效率高、消息验证的时延短，更适合于动态的车载自组织网络环境。
en-us	The results show that the scheme satisfies the message authentication, anonymity, unforgeability and traceability, as well as the higher communication efficiency and the shorter delay of message verification, which is more suitable for dynamic vehicular Ad hoc network environment.

zh-cn	随着无线通信频段的不断提高，非理想载波所引入的相位噪声对 OFDM 系统正交性的破坏也越来越不容忽视。
en-us	With the actually used frequency band going higher and higher in wireless communications, the influence of phase noise induced by imperfect carrier on OFDM systems can no longer be ignored.

zh-cn	与此同时，受天线间距离等实际因素的限制，发送或接收端的天线间可能无法共用载波时钟，导致不同天线上的相位噪声互相独立。
en-us	At the same time, the restrictions on the antenna spacing may make it impossible for different antennas to share the same carrier clock.

zh-cn	该文在各天线独立的相位噪声的假设下，得出了 MIMO-OFDM 系统各子流检测误差的自相关矩阵的近似表达式，其中公共相位误差(CPE)，载波间干扰(ICI)和热噪声的影响具有可加性，且对于 CPE 和ICI 二者而言，收发相位噪声的影响也近似可加。
en-us	In a MIMO-OFDM system with independent phase noises on different antennas, the approximate expression of error covariance matrix for demodulated data streams is given, and it is shown that the influence of CPE, ICI and additive noise are additive and independent of each other; besides, for both CPE and ICI, the influence of phase noises induced by the transmitter or the receiver are additive and independent of each other too.

zh-cn	上述理论推导的合理性通过计算机仿真得以验证。
en-us	The validity of the theoretical deduction is verified by numerical simulation.

zh-cn	密文策略属性加密方案，特别是不受某个特定值限制的大规模属性集下的密文策略属性加密方案在云存储中得到了越来越广泛的应用，它能够实现细粒度的访问控制。
en-us	Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE), especially large universe CP-ABE that is not bounded with the attribute set, is getting the more and the more extensive application to the cloud storage.

zh-cn	但是在原始的属性加密方案中，解决动态的用户与属性撤销，是当前面临的重要挑战。
en-us	However, there exists an important challenge in original large universe CP-ABE, namely dynamic user and attribute revocation.

zh-cn	为了解决这一问题，该文提出一个标准模型下可证明安全的支持大规模属性集的密文策略属性加密方案，该方案能够实现属性级的用户撤销，即若用户的某个属性被撤销，不会影响该用户其他合法属性的正常访问。
en-us	In this paper, a large universe CP-ABE scheme with efficient attribute level user revocation is proposed, namely the revocation to an attribute of some user can not influence the common access of other legitimate attributes.

zh-cn	为了实现撤销，将密钥分为两部分：为用户生成的私钥以及为云存储中心生成的授权密钥。
en-us	To achieve the revocation, the master key is divided into two parts: delegation key and secret key, which are sent to the cloud provider and user separately.

zh-cn	在该方案中，若用户的属性被撤销，那么该属性对应的密文将进行更新，只有该属性没有被撤销的用户才能够成功地进行密钥更新而解密密文。
en-us	In this scheme proposed, if an attribute is revoked, then the ciphertext corresponding to this attribute should be updated so that only persons who are not revoked will be able to carry out key updating and decrypt the ciphertext successfully.

zh-cn	该文基于 q-type  假设在标准模型下对方案进行了选择访问结构明文攻击的安全性证明。
en-us	Note that, the proposed scheme is proved selectively secure in the standard model under "q-type" assumption.

zh-cn	最后对方案进行了性能分析与实验验证，实验结果表明，与已有相关方案相比，虽然为了实现属性撤销，增加了存储中心的计算负载，但是不需要属性中心的参与，因此降低了属性中心的计算负载，而且用户除了密钥外不需要其它额外参数来实现属性撤销，因此大大节省了存储空间。
en-us	Finally, the performance analysis and experimental verification are carried out in this paper, and the experimental results show that, compared with the existing revocation schemes, although the proposed scheme increases the Computational load of Storage service Provider (CSP) in order to achieve the attribute revocation, it does not need the participation of Attribute Authority (AA), which reduces the computational load of AA. Moreover, the user does not need any additional parameters to achieve the attribute revocation except of the private key, thus saving the storage space greatly.

zh-cn	SL0 算法采用最速下降法和梯度投影原理，将选取的平滑函数逼近0l 范数，以求解最优化问题实现信号重建。
en-us	Smoothed 0l (SL0) norm algorithm, using the steepest descent method and gradient projection principle, approaches to 0l  norm with selected smooth function, so as to solve the optimization problem and achieve signals reconstruction.

zh-cn	针对平滑函数逼近性能、算法精确度和算法运算量 3 个方面进行研究，该文提出一种高效地实现信号重构的算法 ICTF-SL0 算法。
en-us	A reconstruction algorithm Improved Composite Trigonometric Function (ICTF-SL0) is proposed, researching approximation of smooth function, precision and calculation load of the algorithm.

zh-cn	首先，选取复合三角函数作为平滑函数，同时以加权的方式引入全变差(Total Variation, TV)设定约束条件；
en-us	Firstly, composite trigonometric function is chosen as the smooth one, meanwhile constraint condition is designed by adding Total Variation (TV) as a weight value.

zh-cn	其次，采用 Chaotic 迭代代替矩阵分解实现梯度投影。
en-us	And then, matrix decomposition is alternated by using Chaotic iteration to accomplish gradient projection.

zh-cn	仿真结果证明，相比 SL0 及其他改进算法，ICTF-SL0 能够提高成像精度，降低运算负担，实现稀疏阵列 MIMO 雷达单快拍成像。
en-us	Finally, by contrast with origin SL0 algorithm and other improved algorithms, simulation results demonstrate that ICTF-SL0 algorithm can availably improve imaging precision, decrease calculation load and achieve signal snapshot imaging under sparse array MIMO radar.

zh-cn	航空磁法勘探是一种高效、便捷的地球物理勘探方法。
en-us	Aeromagnetic prospecting is an important method in geophysical prospecting for its high-efficiency and convenience.

zh-cn	该文针对无人机飞行平台设计了一种航磁全轴总场梯度测量系统，并提出使用前馈网络的方法来实现航磁数据的补偿。
en-us	In the paper, a new kind of the three axis gradient system based on the unmanned helicopter is designed and an aeromagnetic compensation method based on the neural network is proposed.

zh-cn	系统通过 4 个光泵磁力仪获得全轴总场梯度数据，经过前馈网络实现数据补偿后，全轴总场梯度数据补偿质量的提升比分别为 15.2, 4.7 和 5.9，数据峰值信噪比的提升分别为 17.1 dB, 6.5 dB 和 6.5 dB，交叉标定系数表明前馈网络具有很好的泛化性能。
en-us	The system is equipped with four Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs), from which the three axis gradient data can be achieved. In aeromagnetic compensation, the feedforward network is used. The Improvement Ratio (IR) of the three axis gradient data is 15.2, 4.7 and 5.9, respectively. The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the three axis gradient data is improved by 17.1 dB, 6.5 dB and 6.5 dB, respectively. Through the result of the Cross Calibration Index (CCI), the generalization ability of the method is good.

zh-cn	实验结果验证了该文采用的全轴梯度系统和数据补偿方法的正确性和有效性，能够有效地应用于高精度航磁勘探领域。
en-us	The three axis gradient system and the aeromagnetic compensation are proven valid in aeromagnetic prospecting by an experiment.

zh-cn	针对具有已知扫描周期特性的辐射源无源定位问题，该文提出一种基于主瓣到达角(DOA)和扫描截获时间差(TDOI)的联合定位体制。
en-us	The determination of the scanning emitter position with known scan rate using Direction Of Arrival (DOA) and Time Difference Of Interception (TDOI) is investigated.

zh-cn	通过对其定位误差的克拉美-罗下限(CRLB)推导，给出了联合定位体制的性能与DOA 和信号截获时间(TOI)观测量的等效测角噪声功率比的关系。
en-us	The Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) of the DOA and TDOI based localization regime is firstly derived. It demonstrates that the equivalent DOA measurements noise power ratio of the individual regime is closely related to the improvement of the combination regime.

zh-cn	为了利用非线性联合观测量确定扫描辐射源的位置，通过将 TDOI 观测量转换成等效 DOA 观测量，给出一种加权伪线性最小二乘(WPLS)定位方法；
en-us	To exclusively determine the position of the scanning emitter, the TOI measurements are transformed to the corresponding DOA measurements and then a Weighted Pseudo-linear Least Square (WPLS) estimator is proposed.

zh-cn	为消除观测矩阵相关噪声导致的 WPLS 估计偏差，提出了一种加权辅助变量(WIV)定位方法，算法复杂度约为 WPLS 算法的 2 倍。
en-us	However, the WPLS is biased due to the noise correlation between the regressor and regressand of the pseudo-linear equation. The Instrumental Variable (IV) method is resorted to eliminate the bias caused by the WPLS, and a Weighted IV (WIV) estimator, at the cost of two times computational complexity of the WPLS, is proposed.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，WIV 方法的定位误差在辐射源单个扫描周期内即可达到 CRLB，定位性能与极大似然(ML)定位方法相当；随着观测次数的增多，WIV 方法可以渐近达到无偏估计。
en-us	Simulations show that the WIV performs approximately to the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator. It can reach the CRLB in one scan cycle, and is asymptotic unbiased within multiple cycles.

zh-cn	针对双重频解速度模糊系统中，信号参数选择不合理导致解速度模糊存在量化误差的问题，推导了双重频解速度模糊的量化要求。
en-us	In dual pulse repetition frequencies radar systems, mathematical deduction of the number of pulse repetition intervals required to satisfy quantitative requirements is presented to resolve velocity ambiguity.

zh-cn	为了增大最大不模糊速度，该文提出多层解模糊系统，提出了一种四重频脉冲串解速度模糊的模型，推导了四重频信号脉冲个数的下界，并简化为了三重频脉冲串信号模型。
en-us	Multiple layer systems to increase the maximum unambiguous velocity are proposed. A new model of quadruple pulse repetition frequencies signal is proposed. The lower bound of the number of pulse repetition intervals required to satisfy quantitative requirements is deduced and quadruple pulse repetition frequencies signal is simplified as triplet pulse repetition frequencies signal.

zh-cn	仿真验证了理论推导的正确性。
en-us	Simulation results validate the accuracy of our deduction.

zh-cn	针对双基地 MIMO 雷达自适应非对称联合对角化(AAJD)跟踪算法性能低的问题，该文提出一种改进AAJD 双基地 MIMO 雷达多目标跟踪算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of low tracking performance for bistatic MIMO radar based on Adaptive Asymmetric Joint Diagonalization (AAJD) algorithm, an improved multi-target tracking method is proposed.

zh-cn	AAJD 算法角度估计时重复利用上一时刻的角度信息，导致跟踪性能的下降。
en-us	The reason for the low tracking performance of AAJD algorithm is that the estimated angle of the previous time is reused for angle estimation.

zh-cn	通过证明 AAJD 算法求出的特征矢量每一列都对应着一个目标，改进 AAJD 算法直接求解目标的收发角度，提高了跟踪性能，更加适用于大机动目标跟踪，并对 ESPRIT 算法进行改进，实现了目标角度的自动配对与关联。
en-us	It is proved that each eigenvectors of the AAJD algorithm corresponds to a target. Improved AAJD algorithm can estimate the DOD and DOA directly, which improves tracking performance and can solve high maneuvering target tracking problems. And the  ESPRIT algorithm is improved to realize the automatic matching and association of DOD and DOA.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明改进 AAJD 算法跟踪性能高于 AAJD 算法，特别是跟踪大机动目标时改进 AAJD 算法性能更优，验证了理论分析的有效性。
en-us	The simulation results show that the improved AAJD algorithm has higher tracking performance than AAJD algorithm, especially when the large maneuvering target is tracking. The efficiency of the proposed method is verified.

zh-cn	斜视合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR)能够对雷达平台的侧前或侧后方区域进行观测，极大地增加了雷达的探测范围和灵活性。
en-us	Squint Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can observe the side-front or side-rear scene of the platform. The squint mode improves the observation area and flexibility of SAR greatly.

zh-cn	针对斜视 SAR 子孔径成像，该文提出一种基于局部最优匹配准则的成像算法。
en-us	For subaperture imaging of squint SAR, a Local Optimal Matching Algorithm (LOMA) is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	该算法在针对某方位频率构造对应的距离徙动校正、2 次距离压缩以及方位补偿函数时，以“位于该方位频率处的点目标得到最佳匹配”为准则，不同于传统方法的以“方位中心点获得最佳匹配”为准则，从而能够避免距离方位中心较远的目标的失配，有效地改善了方位边缘区域的聚焦效果。
en-us	In the algorithm, a new criterion is used in the presentation of the functions for range cell migration correction, secondary range compression and compensation in azimuth frequency domain. The criterion is that the target located at the azimuth frequency is matched optimally. It is different from the traditional algorithm, whose criterion is that the target at the azimuth center is matched optimally. Based on the new criterion, the proposed algorithm is able to avoid the mismatching and improve the focusing of the targets far from the azimuth center.

zh-cn	文中通过点目标仿真验证了该算法的有效性。
en-us	The validity of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by the simulation results.

zh-cn	高频雷达由于工作在拥挤的高频频段(3~30 MHz)，连续频带资源十分有限，有限的带宽限制了对目标的分辨能力。
en-us	High Frequency Radar (HFR) works in the crowded high-frequency band (3~30 MHz) with limited continuous bandwidth. It affects the ability to distinguish the near targets.

zh-cn	该文引入一种合成宽带的发射信号，同时针对该信号，提出一种基于矩阵填充(Matrix Completion, MC)的 1 维和 2 维目标参数估计方法，分别称之为矩阵填充 1 维估计(MCE-1D)和矩阵填充 2 维估计(MCE-2D)方法，该方法将不完备采样集合变换成低秩矩阵，通过构造双重汉克尔(two-fold Hankel)矩阵将其转化为半定规划(Semi- Definite Programming, SDP)问题求解。
en-us	Therefore, this paper introduces a kind of synthesis bandwidth signal with a proposed method for estimating the target parameters in 1-D and 2-D based on Matrix Completion (MC). They are respectively named Matrix Completion Estimation for One Dimension (MCE-1D) and Matrix Completion Estimation for Two Dimensions (MCE-2D). The incomplete sampling set can be considered as low rank matrix, by constructing the two-fold Hankel matrix, this problem is transformed into a Semi-Definite Programming (SDP) problem.

zh-cn	新方法应用于高频雷达中，可以在非连续谱的背景下获得场景中目标位置的准确估计，很好地解决了非网格目标在传统网格类方法中的基失配问题，新方法对于非网格目标具有更高的分辨能力及抗噪性能。
en-us	Using this new method to the high frequency radar, then the accurate estimation of the target position in the scene can be obtained in the background of the discontinuous spectrum, which solves the problem of base mismatch for off-the-grid targets in the traditional grid estimate method. It also has higher resolution and anti-noise performance.

zh-cn	仿真处理结果验证了该方法的有效性。
en-us	The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.

zh-cn	针对天线雷达截面减缩问题，该文提出一种基于二极管控制的可重构频率选择表面结构，并将其用于天线的雷达截面减缩技术。
en-us	Active reconfigurable Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) using pin diode for the Radar Cross Section (RCS) reduction of antenna is proposed. The reconfigurable technology is applied to the FSS design.

zh-cn	论文将可重构技术应用于频率选择表面设计，使得频率选择表面可以在带通型以及带阻型之间进行相互切换。
en-us	The reconfigurable FSS reflector is able to perform switch between band-pass FSS and band-stop FSS.

zh-cn	为了在保证天线辐射特性的前提下降低天线的雷达截面，该文考虑将可重构频率选择表面作为天线反射板用以置换一般的金属反射板。
en-us	The active reconfigurable FSS with pin diodes applies to the antenna reflector for the antenna RCS reduction, and the radiation performance of the antenna is preserved.

zh-cn	通过二极管导通/截断使得可重构频率选择表面反射板处于不同状态，以实现天线在不同工作状态下的 RCS 减缩控制及切换。
en-us	Through the diode is on or off, the reconfigurable FSS reflectors are different states. It can contribute to the reconfigurable RCS reduction of dipole antenna under different working conditions.

zh-cn	仿真及实测结果表明，使用可重构频率选择表面反射板，天线雷达截面的最大减缩量可达 20 dB 以上，减缩角域可达-60° £q £ +60°，同时天线的辐射特性几乎未发生变化。
en-us	The simulated and measured results show the largest RCS reduction is more than 20dB, and the RCS reduction region is -60° £q £ +60°. The radiation performance of the antenna is preserved when the diodes are ON-state.

zh-cn	该方法可在保证天线辐射特性的基础上极大程度降低天线的雷达截面，并能做到天线雷达截面减缩频段的可重构。
en-us	The active reconfigurable FSS provide a good method to solve the conflict between the gain enhancement and the RCS reduction. The reduction band and the state of the RCS can be switched by pin diodes.

zh-cn	在小孔径高频地波超视距雷达系统中，普遍存在一种覆盖一定距离单元，多普勒单元以及全部角度单元的电离层杂波。
en-us	In the small-aperture high-frequency surface-wave over-the-horizon radar system, the ionospheric clutter that covers a certain range bins, the Doppler bins and all the angle bins is generally existent.

zh-cn	为抑制该杂波并且提高被其淹没目标的检测概率，该文提出一种基于空间多波束的电离层杂波抑制算法。
en-us	To restrain the clutter and ensure the submerged target easy detect, this paper presents an ionospheric clutter suppression algorithm based on spatial multi-beam.

zh-cn	该方法充分利用宽波束时波束间具有很强相关性的特点，以及实际情况下杂波覆盖的距离单元数或多普勒单元数远远多于目标所覆盖的单元数的特点来实现杂波信息的估计与抑制。
en-us	This method makes full use of the characteristics of the strong correlation between the beams in the wide beam and the characteristics of the number of range bins or Doppler bins covered by the clutter is far more than the number of bins covered by the target to achieve the clutter information estimation and suppression.

zh-cn	仿真实验与实测数据结果均证明该方法可以有效地抑制电离层杂波，并显著地提高被淹没目标的检测概率。
en-us	The results of the simulation experiment and the measured data show that the method can effectively suppress the ionospheric clutter, and significantly improve the detection probability of the submerged target.

zh-cn	图信号处理技术将经典信号处理的概念和算法延展到图结构信号的处理领域。
en-us	Signal processing on graphs extends signal processing concepts and methodologies from the classical signal processing theory to data indexed by general graphs.

zh-cn	对于带限图信号，可以通过分析信号之间的关联性，重建出未采样的信号。
en-us	For a band-limited graph signal, the unsampled data can be reconstructed from the sampled data by exploiting the relationship of the graph signals.

zh-cn	该文分析了未采样信号的构成架构，提出一个基于扩散算子的未采样信号迭代重建算法。
en-us	This paper proposes a concept of graph diffusion operator for signal processing on graphs, and uses the operator to reconstruct band-limited graph signals from the sampled data.

zh-cn	在每次迭代过程中，将已采样信号的重建残差扩散至所有未采样的信号节点，并进一步通过初步估计结果与重建残差的加权处理，提升算法的收敛速度。
en-us	In each iteration, the residuals of the sampled vertices are propagated to all the unsampled vertices, and the known information and initial estimated results are further exploited via weighted process, aiming at accelerating the convergence.

zh-cn	采用合成数据和真实数据进行仿真验证，实验结果显示所提出的算法具有低重建误差和快速收敛的特点。
en-us	An analysis framework is proposed for the unsampled graph signals. The simulation results of synthetic data and real-world data demonstrate the wonderful effectiveness of the proposed reconstruction strategy.

zh-cn	对断裂或下沉路基等电大尺寸异质体目标重构其几何特征(如位置，形状，尺寸等)，在环境地质等工程应用及市政基础设施维护中尤为重要。
en-us	The geometric characteristics (such as position, shape, size, etc.) of a large size target such as the broken or sinking subgrade are particularly important in engineering applications and municipal infrastructure maintenance.

zh-cn	然而由于电磁波在目标体内部的衰减，使得目标下表面反射回波很弱。
en-us	Due to the attenuation of the electromagnetic wave inside the target, the reflection from back surface of the target is too weak to be detected.

zh-cn	对此该文提出一种基于内部谐振的弱信号补偿目标重构算法。
en-us	In this paper, a target reconstruction algorithm for weak signal compensation based on internal resonances is proposed.

zh-cn	由于有限目标边界的限制，电磁波在目标体内部沿传播方向产生多次反射，此现象在采样时间记录信号上体现为周期谐振。
en-us	Due to the limited target boundary, the electromagnetic wave will produce multiple reflections along the propagation direction inside the target. This phenomenon is reflected as periodic resonances in the recording signal.

zh-cn	分析了谐振周期与目标宽度的关系并由此估计目标下表面的位置，结合去除虚像以后的目标前表面位置，重构目标形状。
en-us	The relationship between the resonant period and the target width is analyzed and the position of the back surface of the target is estimated. The virtual image around the front surface of target is removed by means of phase difference. The whole target shape is reconstructed according to the front surface and back surface of the target.

zh-cn	实验结果验证了提出方法的有效性以及对噪声的鲁棒性。
en-us	The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the robustness to noise.

zh-cn	针对传统天线选择算法在大规模天线阵列应用中的局限性，该文在多用户场景下提出一种基于容量相关字典的 5G 毫米波大规模天线随机选择算法。
en-us	In order to solve the limitation to use the traditional antenna selection algorithm in a massive antenna for fifth Generation (5G) system, a random antenna selection algorithm based on the dictionary of capacity correlation in multi-users scenario is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法通过特定环境中不同位置处的多用户与基站的交互，快速提取大规模天线单元间容量的强弱相关特性，并建立相关字典；
en-us	Before the dictionary is built, the correlation characteristics among antenna units are abstracted by the interactions between the base station and users at different locations.

zh-cn	在天线选择时，先搜索最优信道容量单元连接射频链路，再随机选择相关字典中与最优单元容量相关大的天线单元接入其余射频链路。
en-us	It needs to search the antenna unit with optimal capacity to connect one Radio Frequency (RF) link, and the reminder RF links can select the antennas randomly which have the large correlation with the optimal one in the dictionary.

zh-cn	该方法大大降低了传统天线选择算法应用的复杂度，只与环境有关且较为稳定，当新用户加入时也无需重新建立相关字典。
en-us	The method is applicable to massive antennas system because of its low complexity and stability. Moreover, there is no need to renew the dictionary for coming new users.

zh-cn	该方法通过损失一部分性能来换取较低的复杂度，适用于天线单元多的大规模天线阵列。此外，该文在室内开放式办公室开展了 26 GHz 视距和非视距下的大规模天线信道测试，分析了不同场景下的天线阵列行间单元间的容量相关性，并对该算法的系统信道容量性能进行了实验验证。
en-us	In addition, the massive antenna channel measurements in an open office including line-of-sight and none-line-of-sight at 26 GHz are carried out to analyze the capacity correlations among the antenna units located in different rows as well as to verify the system capacity performance with the random antenna selection algorithm proposed in this work.

zh-cn	针对低照度下图像降质严重的问题，该文提出一种基于边界约束与图像亮度的低照度图像增强算法。
en-us	The aim of this paper is to achieve a low-lighting image enhancement method by using the similarity between fog image and inverted low illumination image.

zh-cn	该算法首先通过改进的边界约束对伪雾图进行透射率估计，并对其进行优化；
en-us	The transmittance estimation of the pseudo-fog image is estimated by the improved boundary constraint, and then it is optimized.

zh-cn	同时从伪雾图“雾”的形成原理出发，利用低照度图像的亮度分量进行伪雾图大气光值的估计；
en-us	Based on the formation principle of pseudo fog, the light intensity of pseudo fog map is estimated by using the brightness component of low illumination image.

zh-cn	最后将增强后的伪雾图反转，即得到增强后的低照度图像。
en-us	The enhanced pseudo fog image is reversed to obtain the enhanced low illumination image.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，针对低照度下的图像，该算法可以有效地提升对比度和亮度，过增强现象得到改善；
en-us	Extensive experimental results using natural low-lighting images indicate that the proposed method perform better than contemporary algorithms in terms of several metrics, including the intensity, the contrast.

zh-cn	效果优于对比算法，且复杂度低。
en-us	The proposed algorithm can effectively suppress the wrong phenomenon caused by enhanced with low complexity.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于压缩感知(Compressive Sensing, CS)的恒虚警率(Constant False Alarm Rate, CFAR)目标检测算法，首先分析了目标在距离单元上具有稀疏特性，并构造了目标回波的稀疏字典，设计特定的测量矩阵以及基于 CS 的 CFAR 检测结构，然后实现了对回波信号的压缩测量和 CFAR 检测，无需对回波信号重构。
en-us	A new Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) target detection algorithm is proposed based on Compressive Sensing (CS). Firstly, the sparsity of target in the distance dimension is analyzed and the sparse dictionary is constructed for the echo signal. Secondly, a certain measurement matrix and CFAR detection structure are designed based on CS. The proposed detector can detect sparse signals directly with high accuracy without any signal reconstruction.

zh-cn	该文提出的算法具有很好的降噪性能并提高了检测效率，可以对低信噪比、低信杂比信号成功检测。
en-us	The proposed algorithm has a good noise reduction performance, which can detect low SNR and low Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) signals successfully.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明：当信噪比为-14 dB，信杂比为-10 dB 时，该算法与传统匹配滤波检测算法相比，减少了一半数据运算量，性能明显优于压缩匹配滤波检测算法。
en-us	Finally, computer simulation results verify that when SNR is equal to -14 dB and SIR is equal to -10 dB, the proposed detector can reduce the half measurements via compared with classical Matched Filter (MF) algorithm. What's more, the performance of the proposed detector is better than CS MF algorithm.

zh-cn	行人再识别就是在无重叠视域多摄像机监控系统中，识别出相同的行人。
en-us	Person re-identification is the identification of the same pedestrian in a multi camera surveillance without overlapping views.

zh-cn	针对来自于不同摄像头行人图片存在着视角、光照和尺度变化的问题，该文提出了基于支持样本间接式匹配的行人再识别方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of the existence of visual angle, illumination and scale change in pedestrian images which from different camera. An indirect person re-identification method is proposed based on the support samples.

zh-cn	该算法首先通过聚类的方法分别提取不同摄像头下的支持样本，当要对来自不同摄像头的行人进行匹配时，在距离测度的基础上利用支持样本分别判别出其所在摄像头下的行人类别，通过类别的对比判断是否为同一行人。
en-us	At first, the algorithm extracts the support samples from different cameras by the clustering method. When it comes to matching pedestrians from different cameras,  the support samples are used to distinguish the pedestrians categories under the camera on the basis of the distance metric, by comparing the categories to determine whether the same pedestrian.

zh-cn	该方法避免了不同摄像头下行人图片直接匹配，有效解决不同摄像头带来的视角、光照和尺度问题。
en-us	The method avoids the direct matching of pedestrian images under different cameras, which effectively solve the problem of the existence of visual angle, illumination and scale change in different camera.

zh-cn	实验结果表明该文的算法相比一些经典算法识别率有一定的提高，并且在数据集 VIPeR,  CAVIAR4ReID 和 CUHK01 上，Rank1 分别达到了 43.60%, 41.36%, 43.82%。
en-us	The experimental results show that the algorithm has a high recognition rate, and on the data set VIPeR, CAVIAR4ReID and CUHK01the, Rank1 reaches 43.60%, 41.36% and 43.82% respectively.

zh-cn	针对室内可见光通信调制技术和多用户接入问题，该文基于直流偏置和极性编码信号单极化思想提出两种系统复杂度低、频带利用率高的可见光多维无载波幅度相位(DCO-MCAP,  U-MCAP)调制方案。
en-us	Considering the modulation technique and multiple-access topology for indoor Visible Light Communication (VLC), two Multi-dimensional Carrierless Amplitude and Phase (Multi-CAP) modulation schemes are proposed in this paper, namely, DC biased Optical Multi-CAP (DCO-MCAP) and Unipolar optical Multi-CAP (U-MCAP).

zh-cn	首先利用最大最小优化算法构建无频谱泄漏的频域目标方程，采用完全重建(PR)条件作为非线性约束方程，求取时域正交的多维CAP 滤波器组，然后分别采用“添加直流偏置”和“零值位置极性编码”实现信号单极性，以满足可见光通信“强度调制/直接检测”的要求。
en-us	The design object is modeled as a mini-max optimization problem with a non-constraint condition named Perfect Reconstruction (PR), which can be solved by the quadratic programming algorithm. Only real and unipolar signals can be intensity modulated, therefore several modifications are performed in CAP VLC systems accordingly. A DC bias added to the signal and a pair of new samples including a zero padding to mark signal polarity are adopted to obtain unipolar signal respectively.

zh-cn	基于朗伯辐射模型，可见光背景噪声建模为加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)，推导了 DCO- CAP/MCAP, U-CAP/MCAP 4 种调制方案的误符号率理论解，仿真验证了其准确性。
en-us	According to Lambertian reflection model and considering light of sight link corrupted by Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), the theoretical Symbol Error Rate (SER) of DCO-CAP/MCAP and U-CAP/MCAP are derived and corroborated by Monte Carlo simulations.

zh-cn	在 5 m´5 m´3 m 的室内场景下，仿真对比分析了 2 维、3 维、4 维可见光 CAP 调制系统的频带利用率、误码率等性能。
en-us	Meanwhile, the performance of three kinds of dimensional (2D, 3D, 4D) optical CAP systems are analyzed and compared in the room in size of 5 m´5 m´3 m.

zh-cn	结果表明，相同星座尺寸时，多维 CAP 调制的误码性能明显优于传统 2 维；相同频带利用率时，3 种维度系统误码性能相近，可见光多维 CAP 调制为多用户接入提供可能性。
en-us	The numerical results show that the error performance of optical Multi-CAP is superior to that of traditional two dimensional optical CAP with the same constellation, and the multi-CAP (3D or 4D) scheme can not only achieve approximate SER performance with respect to the same bandwidth efficiency, but also enable multiple access in VLC system.

zh-cn	此外，讨论了信道参数对可见光 CAP 系统的影响，发射机辐射角与收发信机之间距离都与信噪比损失呈现出正相关性。
en-us	In addition, the effects of channel parameters on the system performance are evaluated which shows that the loss of SNR obviously presents positive relation with the increase of the radiation angle or the distance between the transmitter and the receiver.

zh-cn	对异址多站雷达回波相干融合可以将空间观测视角的分离转换为目标积累时间的增加，提高 ISAR 像方位分辨率。
en-us	The spatially separated observation angles from the multiple inverse synthetic aperture radar sensors can be converted to the accumulation time of the same target, which can improve the cross-range resolution of ISAR image by the coherent fusion of raw echo signals collected from different sensors.

zh-cn	该文针对在轨空间目标多站 ISAR 相干融合成像问题，提出一种基于目标轨道先验信息的优化布站方法，提高了回波融合效率；
en-us	To solve the issue of multiple radar sensors coherent fusion ISAR imaging of space target moving on orbit, the radar location optimal method based on the orbital prior of the space target is proposed to improve the efficiency of the echoes fusion.

zh-cn	针对多站雷达回波融合处理问题，利用轨道运动模型分析了融合成像平面的空变特性，提出融合回波越距离单元徙动、多普勒时变等问题的解决方法，使多视角回波有效相干融合。
en-us	The spatial-variant property of the fusion imaging plane of space target is analyzed using orbital motion model to solve the range Migration Through Resolution Cells (MTRC) and time-varying Doppler.

zh-cn	利用空间站轨道验证了融合成像平面的空变性，从徙动校正效果及分辨率改善等方面验证了布站及融合算法的有效性。
en-us	The simulation results based on real orbit of space station confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	空间信息网络的发展呈现出节点异构和功能多样化趋势，网络节点间的时间同步是实现协同任务的重要技术基础。
en-us	The trend of heterogeneous node and functional diversification is presented in the development of space information network. The synchronization of network nodes is the technical foundation of task coordination of network nodes.

zh-cn	论文对空间信息网络的时间同步业务特性进行了分析，并提出基于多跳中继的时间同步误差模型。
en-us	The characteristic of time synchronization service of space information network is analyzed in this paper and the error model of multi-hop relay time synchronization is given.

zh-cn	针对非实时时间同步业务特点，提出了钟差相对不变性概念，并基于此提出了面向时间同步业务的空间信息网络拓扑聚合图模型。
en-us	The concept of clock offset relative invariance is proposed based on the characteristic of non-real-time time synchronization, and a novel space information network topology aggregation model is given for time synchronization service.

zh-cn	不同于面向通信业务的网络拓扑模型，该模型的建立以节点时钟性能和时间比对链路性能为约束条件，反映了时间同步业务的特性和需求。
en-us	Differing from normal communication-service-oriented network models, the constraint condition of the model establishment is the performance of node clock and the time synchronization link, and the characteristic and requirement of time synchronization service is concerned.

zh-cn	针对该模型进行了空间信息网络时间同步仿真实验，实验结果表明基于该模型进行多跳中继时间同步，可以减少时间同步过程的路由筛选及建链次数，降低时间同步业务的链路资源消耗，同时可以达到更高的时间同步精度。
en-us	Simulation of space information network time synchronization is made according to the model. In the process of multi-hop relay time synchronization based on the model, less routing and linking number is needed. The link resource consumption is reduced, and the time synchronization precision is improved.

zh-cn	该文基于网络多媒体业务 QoS(Quality  of  Service)特征特点，提出网络业务 QoS 类识别算法。
en-us	According to QoS characteristics of network multimedia service, this paper proposes a algorithm of network multimedia QoS class recognition.

zh-cn	探索了新的多媒体业务 QoS 类划分模式，在 QoS 分类的基础上，可以通过将具有相同或相似 QoS 需求特征的业务流聚集生成聚集流。
en-us	This paper studies new multimedia traffic QoS class division mode. According to new QoS classes defined, Flow Aggregation (FA) can be formed by gathering multimedia traffic flows with similar QoS characteristics.

zh-cn	聚集流划分使用较少的 QoS 特征，借助聚集流可以在合理的粒度上区分多媒体业务。
en-us	Network multimedia QoS class recognition prefers fewer QoS features by FA, and it is possible to divide network multimedia traffics in suitable granularity based on FA.

zh-cn	该文从 QoS 特征出发分析了聚集流识别的特点，利用网络多媒体业务典型 QoS 特征的稀疏性，使用改进 K-SVD(Kernel  Singular Value Decomposition)进行字典学习，实现网络多媒体业务 QoS 类识别。
en-us	This paper analyzes the property of FA recognition from QoS perspective, uses improved K-SVD (Kernel Singular Value Decomposition) to learn dictionary by using the sparse representation of typical QoS characteristics of network multimedia traffics, and presents a network multimedia QoS class recognition method.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文算法比现有方法具有更高的 QoS 类识别准确性。
en-us	Experiment results show that the proposed recognition method can achieve more accurate QoS class recognition than previous methods.

zh-cn	对于双向多输入多输出(MIMO)中继系统，如何在减少中继负担的情况下获得精确的信道状态信息(CSI)成为信道估计的一个难点。
en-us	For two-way Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) relay communication systems, the main challenge is to get full knowledge of all channel matrices with minimal cost of signal handling at the relay node.

zh-cn	该文针对双向 MIMO 中继系统，提出一种低复杂度的联合信道估计方法。
en-us	In this paper, a low-complexity joint channel estimation scheme for two-way MIMO relay communication systems is proposed.

zh-cn	所提方法在两个用户端同时发送正交信道训练信号至中继，中继采用所设计的放大因子放大所接收的信号并转发至两个用户。
en-us	Both users transmit orthogonal channel training signals to the relay node simultaneously. Then the relay amplifies the received signals by using designed amplification factors, and forwards the amplified signals to both users.

zh-cn	每个用户对所接收的信号构造平行因子(PARAFAC)模型，并根据实际系统要求，分别设计了迭代和非迭代的两种拟合算法对 PARAFAC 模型进行拟合，从而联合估计出所有信道的 CSI。
en-us	The received signals at each user is formulated as a PARAllel FACtor (PARAFAC) model, and then the iterative and non-iterative fitting algorithms are derived to estimate the Channel State Information (CSI) knowledge of all links involved.

zh-cn	与已有信道估计方法相比，所提方法设计灵活，采用的拟合算法具有较低的复杂度，而且在使用较少信道训练信号的情况下具有较高的信道估计精度。
en-us	Compared with existing schemes, the proposed scheme has the advantages of design flexibility and low complexity, and has higher estimation accuracy with a few number of channel training signals.

zh-cn	因受电离层调制影响，传统的高频海杂波模型难以全面描述天波超视距雷达海杂波的空域非均匀性和时域非平稳性。
en-us	As modulated by the ionosphere, the classical High-Frequency (HF) model of ocean clutter can not describe the HF scatterings from sea surface approvingly in view of skywave Over-The-Horizon Radar (OTHR).

zh-cn	该文首先基于传统的 Walsh  高频海杂波模型分析了洋流的影响，提出电离层子反射面模型的概念，揭示了相干处理间隔内电离层对高频信号频谱的调制机理；
en-us	In this paper, ocean current is taken into consideration based on the Walsh HF sea clutter model.

zh-cn	然后通过建立电离层等效反射面，并将其分解为多个子反射面的方式，给出可以综合反映不同海态、不同电离层状态的天波超视距雷达海杂波修正模型。
en-us	An equivalent ionospheric reflecting screen model is established which can be resolved into several sub screens, based on which the ionospheric modulation on frequency is discussed. Incorporating with Walsh model, a normalized sea clutter model for skywave OTHR is presented.

zh-cn	最后结合数学描述，利用该文修正模型反演分析了由电离层的空域非均匀、时域非平稳引起的典型高频海杂波多普勒偏移、展宽、分裂和多径复杂现象的实测数据多普勒谱，仿真与实测数据多普勒谱验证了所提修正模型的准确性与鲁棒性。
en-us	Using the presented model, the spectrums in different cases involving Doppler shift, spectrum broadening, splitting and multipath propagation are simulated, and comparing with the measured data, the model's validity and robustness are verified.

zh-cn	针对具有多模分布结构的高维数据的分类问题，该文提出一种无限最大间隔线性判别投影(i MMLDP)模型。
en-us	An infinite Max-Margin Linear Discriminant Projection (iMMLDP) model is developed to deal with the classification problem on multimodal distributed high-dimensional data.

zh-cn	与现有全局投影方法不同，模型通过联合Dirichlet过程及最大间隔线性判别投影(MMLDP)模型将数据划分为若干个局部区域，并在每一个局部学习一个最大边界线性判别投影分类器。
en-us	Different from global projection, i MMLDP divides the data into a set of local regions via Dirichlet Process (DP) mixture model and meanwhile learns a linear Max-Margin Linear Discriminant Projection (MMLDP) classifier in each local region.

zh-cn	组合各局部分类器，实现全局非线性的投影与分类。
en-us	By assembling these local classifiers, a flexible nonlinear classifier is constructed.

zh-cn	i MMLDP模型利用贝叶斯框架联合建模，将聚类、投影及分类器进行联合学习，可以有效发掘数据的隐含结构信息，因而，可以较好地对非线性可分数据，尤其是具有多模分布特性数据进行分类。
en-us	Under this framework, iMMLDP combines dimensionality reduction, clustering and supervised classification in a principled way, therefore, an underlying structure of the data could be uncovered. As a result, the model can handle the classification of data with global nonlinear structure, especially the data with multi-modally distributed structure.

zh-cn	得益于非参数贝叶斯先验技术，可以有效避免模型选择问题，即局部区域划分数量。
en-us	With the help of Bayesian nonparametric prior, the model selection problem (e.g. the number of local regions) can be avoided.

zh-cn	基于仿真数据集、公共数据集及雷达实测数据集验证了所提方法的有效性。
en-us	The proposed model is implemented on synthesized and real-world data, including multi-modally distributed datasets and measured radar high range resolution profile (HRRP) data, to validate its efficiency and effectiveness.

zh-cn	随着深度特征在图像显著检测领域中发挥越来越重要的作用，传统的 RGB 图像显著检测模型由于未能充分利用深度信息已经不能适用于 RGB-D 图像的显著检测。
en-us	Along with more and more important role of depth features played in computer saliency community, traditional RGB saliency models can not directly utilized for saliency detection on RGB-D domains.

zh-cn	该文提出显著中心先验和显著-深度(S-D)概率矫正的RGB-D 显著检测模型，使得深度特征和 RGB 特征间相互指导，相互补充。
en-us	This paper proposes saliency center prior and Saliency-Depth (S-D) probability  adjustment RGB-D saliency detection framework, making the depth and RGB features adaptively fuse and complementary to each other.

zh-cn	其次，采用特征融合的流形排序算法获取 RGB 图像的初步显著图。
en-us	First, the initial saliency maps of depth images are obtained according to three-dimension space weights and depth prior;

zh-cn	接着，计算基于深度的显著中心先验，并以该先验作为显著权重进一步提升 RGB 图像的显著检测结果，获取 RGB 图像最终显著图；
en-us	second, the feature fused Manifold Ranking model with extracted depth features is utilized for RGB image saliency detection. Then, the saliency center prior based on depth is computed and this value is used as saliency weight to further improve the RGB image saliency detection results, obtaining the final RGB saliency map.

zh-cn	再次，计算显著-深度矫正概率，并对深度图的初步显著检测结果使用此概率进行矫正。
en-us	After that, Saliency-Depth (S-D) rectify probability is also computed and the saliency results of depth images are corrected with this probability.

zh-cn	接着，计算基于 RGB 的显著中心先验，并以该先验作为显著权重进一步提升深度图像矫正后的显著检测结果，获取深度图像的最终显著图；
en-us	Then the saliency center prior based on RGB is also computed and this value is used as saliency weights to further improve the depth image saliency detection results and to obtain the final depth saliency maps.

zh-cn	最后，采用优化框架对深度图像最终显著图进行优化得到 RGB-D 图像最终的显著图。
en-us	Finally the optimization framework is utilized to optimize the depth image final saliency maps and to obtain the final RGB-D saliency map.

zh-cn	所有的对比实验都是在公开的数据集 NLPR RGBD-1000 数据集上进行，实验结果显示该文算法较当前流行的算法有更好的性能。
en-us	All the experiments are executed on the public NLPR RGBD-1000 benchmark and extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves better performance compared with existing state-of-the-art approaches.

zh-cn	该文提出一种新的绝对误差函数，应用该函数进行非线性模型参数提取可以避免计算误差，显著降低参数提取的不准确性。
en-us	A new absolute error function is presented in this paper. The function is applied to extract parameters of the nonlinear model, which can avoid the calculation error and reduce the inaccurate parameter extraction significantly.

zh-cn	由于氮化物半导体器件，尤其是 AlGaN/GaN HEMT 器件已经开始得到广泛应用，其模型和参数对射频和电力电子器件和电路设计至关重要，分别使用 3 种误差函数对  AlGaN/GaN HEMT 器件模型进行了参数提取并对比，对比结果表明该文提出的误差函数更加精确和有效。
en-us	Nitride semiconductor devices are widely used, especially the AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices. The AlGaN/GaN HEMT model and parameters is very important to radio frequency, power electronic devices and circuit design. The new absolute error function is applied to extract the parameters of AlGaN/GaN HEMT nonlinear devices model. Through comparing three kinds of error function, the results show that the proposed error function is more accurate and effective.

zh-cn	同时为今后的电子器件的模型参数提取提供了一种有效且精确的方法。
en-us	At the same time, a precise and effective method is provided to extract the parameters of electronic devices in the future.

zh-cn	相干变化检测(CCD)利用重轨 SAR 数据对场景中表现为低相干特性的变化区域具有良好的检测性能，然而场景中诸如植被、阴影、强散射旁瓣、低散射等区域也呈现低相干特性，对检测结果造成干扰，尤其在高波段SAR CCD 中，对检测效果影响更加明显。
en-us	Coherent Change Detection (CCD) has good performance on detecting change regions with low coherence in the scene by using repeat-pass Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. However, some regions as vegetation, radar shadows, sidelobes of strong reflectivity and low reflectivity areas show low coherent character as well, which disturbs the result of change detection, especially in high frequency band SAR CCD with more evident disturbance.

zh-cn	该文利用多时相 SAR 数据形成的相干变化差异图像(CCD 图像)建立概率图模型，提出一种多时相 CCD 处理方法。
en-us	This paper proposes a multi-temporal CCD method by establishing a probabilistic graphical model using CCD images formed by multi-temporal SAR data.

zh-cn	该方法以多时相 CCD 图像作为观测量，通过选取合适的参与处理图像数量及优化场景中变化区域的分类，计算目标变化区域的后验概率，可有效减小低相干干扰区域造成的影响。
en-us	In this method, multi-temporal CCD images are used as observations to calculate a posterior probability of objective change region via choosing appropriate number of processing CCD images and optimizing the classification of change regions in the scene. The proposed method can reduce the disturbance of low coherence disturb regions effectively.

zh-cn	仿真和实测数据结果验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。
en-us	The simulated and experimental results demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	针对传统方法对线性调频(LFM)信号检测与参数估计运算量大的问题，该文提出一种基于高效 FrFT 的快速算法。
en-us	A fast algorithm based on the effective FrFT is proposed to realize the detection and parameter estimation of Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) signal, since the traditional algorithms have a great computational burden.

zh-cn	首先，分析了高效 FrFT 原理，指出高效 FrFT 存在旋转角度的选取、易受初始频率影响以及抗噪性能差等问题。
en-us	The effective FrFT is first analyzed, and pointed out to have problems in choosing the rotation angles, being easily affected by initial frequency, and poor anti-noise performance.

zh-cn	针对以上问题，该文利用修正的功率谱平滑滤波方法对高效 FrFT 进行改进。
en-us	Faced with the above problems, a modified power spectrum smooth filtering method is used to improve the effective FrFT algorithm.

zh-cn	理论分析表明，该文提出的改进算法仅用 3 次旋转角度即可实现较低信噪比下 LFM 信号的检测和参数估计。
en-us	The theoretical analysis indicates that the proposed method based on effective FrFT can realize the detection and parameter estimation of LFM signal in low SNR condition with only three rotation angles.

zh-cn	与传统的 FrFT 相比，在保证参数估计精度不变的情况下，运算复杂度大大降低，更符合工程上实时处理的要求。
en-us	Furthermore, the computational cost is greatly reduced under the guarantee of the same parameter estimation accuracy compared to traditional FrFT.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。
en-us	The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	干涉合成孔径雷达测量地形高程时，复杂地形区域的干涉条纹过密会导致干涉相位解缠失败，从而使得无法精确获得地形高程信息。
en-us	When interferometric SAR is used to measure the terrain elevation, the dense interference fringes in the complex terrain will lead to phase unwrapping failure, so that the terrain elevation information can not be obtained accurately.

zh-cn	该文提出一种降低错误解缠率的新方法，通过对干涉复图像进行增采样，使得干涉条纹相位梯度降低，从而降低相位滤波和相位解缠处理的难度，降低相位解缠的错误率。
en-us	In this paper, a new method to reduce the error rate of phase unwrapping is proposed. The interference fringe gradient is decreased by increasing the size of the interference complex image, and the difficulties of phase filtering and phase unwrapping is reduced.

zh-cn	利用干涉复图像频率与 Nyquist频率之间的关系，进行所提方法对地形的适应性分析。
en-us	Based on the relationship between the complex image frequency and the Nyquist frequency, the adaptability of the proposed method to the terrain is analyzed.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性，尤其是对于符合 Nyquist 采样的大坡度区域，该方法有很好的滤波和解缠效果。
en-us	The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by theoretical analysis and simulation. Especially for the large gradient region conforming Nyquist sampling, this method has good filtering and unwrapping effect.

zh-cn	该文提出的方法不需要增加额外数据，实现简单，运算速度快，可应用于干涉合成孔径雷达的地面处理系统中。
en-us	The method proposed does not need extra data, is simple to implement and fast in operation, and can be applied to the ground processing system of interferometric SAR.

zh-cn	顺轨干涉 SAR 海面复图像通常利用静止陆地参考点进行配准，获得精确有效的海洋流场干涉相位信息。
en-us	In order to get high-precision interferogram of ocean surface current, static control points from land area are normally used to coregistrate ocean surface complex images of along-track interferometric SAR.

zh-cn	复图像中无参考点时，仅能依据海浪纹理进行配准，受海面随机运动以及低信噪比的影响，配准像素偏移往往会出现像素级误差，并导致干涉相位图质量严重下降。
en-us	When there is no control point in the image, ocean wave texture can only be used instead. Under the influence of stochastic movement and low signal-to-noise ratio of the ocean, the coregistration error tends to exceed one pixel, hence damages the quality of interferogram severely.

zh-cn	根据大尺度海浪变化周期较长，在干涉成像间隔内可视作静止这一特征，该文提出保留大尺度海浪对应的方位谱分量以提高数据信噪比和相关性，进而提高配准精度的方法，并选用海面实际方位分辨率作为大尺度海浪方位谱选取范围的约束条件。
en-us	Since the period of large-scale wave is much longer than the interferometric interval, large-scale wave can be treated as static during the interval. Based on this matter of fact, this paper proposes a coregistration method by reserving the spectrum of large-scale wave to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and correlation coefficient, further improving the coregistration precision. Ocean azimuth resolution is used as the criterion to decide which part of the spectrum should be reserved.

zh-cn	通过机载顺轨干涉 SAR 实验数据证明，所提方法可有效提高无参考点海面复图像的配准精度。
en-us	Airborne along-track interferometric SAR data is demonstrated here, proving the proposed method can improve the coregistration precision of ocean surface complex images without control point.

zh-cn	针对现有的 M 通道过采样图滤波器组整体性能较差的问题，该文提出一种过采样图滤波器组设计的新算法。
en-us	This paper presents an efficient algorithm to design M-channel oversampled graph filter banks with better overall performance.

zh-cn	在新算法中，分两步来设计图滤波器组。
en-us	In the new algorithm, a two-step scheme is exploited to tackle the design task.

zh-cn	首先，从频谱特性方面考虑来设计分析滤波器，以分析滤波器的通带波纹和阻带能量为目标函数，以 3 dB 约束为约束条件，通过半正定规划求解出频谱选择性较好的分析滤波器；
en-us	Firstly, for controlling the spectral selectivity, the analysis filter is designed by solving a constraint optimization problem that minimizes the passband ripple and stopband energy subject to 3 dB constraint;

zh-cn	然后，从完全重构特性方面考虑来设计综合滤波器，以综合滤波器的阻带能量为目标函数，以完全重构条件为约束函数。
en-us	secondly, by taking the Perfect Reconstruction (PR) condition into account, the design problem of synthesis filters is formulated into an optimization problem that minimizes the stopband energy subject to PR constraint.

zh-cn	上述两个约束优化问题都是半正定规划问题，都可有效地求解。
en-us	Both the optimization problems are Semi-Definite Programming (SDP), which can be efficiently solved.

zh-cn	新算法综合考虑了滤波器组的重构特性和频率特性，因此可以设计得到整体性能良好的 M 通道双正交过采样的图滤波器组。
en-us	Since the proposed method fully considerate the spectral characteristic and PR condition, M-channel biorthogonal oversampled graph filter banks with better performance can be  obtained.

zh-cn	仿真对比表明，与已有的设计算法相比，新算法设计所得的图滤波器组具备更小的重构误差。
en-us	Numerical examples and comparison show that compared with the existing methods, the proposed method can lead to graph filter banks with smaller reconstruction error.

zh-cn	该文对 Ka 波段空间行波管宽频带、高线性、高效率的慢波系统进行设计，通过动态渐变技术实现了低相位失真、高效率的指标要求。
en-us	In this paper, the design of Ka-band broadband, high-linearity and high-efficiency slow-wave system is proposed for Space Traveling Wave Tube (TWT). The dynamic phase-shifting technique is used to achieve low phase distortion and high efficiency.

zh-cn	在此设计基础上研制的 Ka 波段空间行波管实现了宽频带(25~27 GHz)、低非线性失真(非线性相移£ 40 ° , AM/PM£ 2.86 °/dB ，三阶交调³ 10.39 dBc)、高效率(总效率³ 51.7%)。
en-us	Based on this design, the Ka-band TWT is developed to realize wideband (25~27  GHz ),  low  nonlinear  distortion  (non-linear  phase  shift  £ 40 ° ,  AM  /  PM£ 2.86 °/dB ,  third  order intermodulation  ³ 10.39  dBc ), high efficiency (total efficiency  ³ 51.7%).

zh-cn	经数传系统测试，误码eP 优于610-的情况下0C/N 有 2.4  dB 裕度，满足了卫星数传系统对多通道并行传输方案的工作需求。
en-us	By the digital transmission system test, the error code eP  is better than 610- in the case of 0C/N  2.4 dB margin, it meets the satellite data transmission system for multi-channel parallel transmission program work requirements.

zh-cn	针对 MC-CDMA 信号符号周期、有用数据周期、码片持续时间以及保护间隔长度等参数盲估计问题，该文提出一种改进型的循环自相关算法。
en-us	The modified cyclic autocorrelation algorithm is proposed to estimate problems of the useful data period, entire symbol period, chip duration, and guard interval length in MC-CDMA signal.

zh-cn	首先在接收端对 MC-CDMA 信号求自相关函数，取傅氏变换，再在频域累积，通过检测不同切片上的谱峰间隔，可以同时估计以上多个参数。
en-us	Firstly, the autocorrelation function of the received MC-CDMA signal is computed. Then, Fourier transformation and accumulation in frequency-domain are used. Finally, through detecting the interval of the peak pulses in different slices, parameters mentioned above can be estimated.

zh-cn	此外，根据 MC-CDMA 信号自身特点，提出一种新的估计符号周期方法—累加平均法，将 3 维图中平行于延时轴的每列谱线累加平均(间隔为符号周期)，可估计出符号周期。
en-us	In addition, a new method of estimating symbol period, the accumulative average method, is developed. By averaging amplitudes of the spectral lines in each column parallel to the delay axis, the symbol duration can be obtained.

zh-cn	理论推导了 MC-CDMA 信号的循环自相关表达式，证明加循环前缀的 MC-CDMA 信号具有循环平稳性。
en-us	Cyclic autocorrelation expression of the MC-CDMA signal is derived theoretically, and it is proved that MC-CDMA signal with cyclic prefix has cyclostationary.

zh-cn	仿真实验证明了改进型的频域累积循环自相关算法的有效性，且适用于低信噪比环境。
en-us	The simulation results show that, the improved cyclic autocorrelation algorithm is effective in the low signal-to-noise cause.

zh-cn	基于 Synopsys 公司 3D TCAD 器件模拟，该文通过改变 3 种工艺参数，研究 65 nm 体硅 CMOS 工艺下PMOS 晶体管工艺参数变化对静态随机存储器(Static Random Access Memory, SRAM)存储单元翻转恢复效应的影响。
en-us	Based on Synopsys TCAD 3-D device simulation, the effects of PMOS transistor process parameters on the upset and recovery effect of Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) memory cell are studied in a 65-nm bulk CMOS technology, mainly by changing the three process parameters.

zh-cn	研究结果表明：降低 PMOS 晶体管的 P+深阱掺杂浓度、N 阱掺杂浓度或调阈掺杂浓度，有助于减小翻转恢复所需的线性能量传输值(Linear Energy Transfer, LET)；
en-us	The simulation results show that reducing the doping concentration of deep-P+-well, N-well and threshold doping concentration in PMOS transistor can decrease the Linear Energy Transfer (LET) value of the upset and recovery.

zh-cn	通过降低 PMOS 晶体管的 P+深阱掺杂浓度和 N 阱掺杂浓度，使翻转恢复时间变长。
en-us	By reducing the doping concentration of deep-P+-well and N-well in PMOS transistor, the time of the upset and recovery increases.

zh-cn	该文研究结论有助于优化 SRAM 存储单元抗单粒子效应(Single-Event  Effect,  SEE)设计，并且可以指导体硅 CMOS 工艺下抗辐射集成电路的研究。
en-us	The conclusion of this paper is helpful to optimize the design of Static Random Access Memory cell mitigating Single-Event Effect (SEE), and can gives a great guidance for the anti-radiation integrated circuit under bulk CMOS process.

zh-cn	目前对于液冷式速调管收集极的热分析均未考虑到冷却液流动状态对收集极整体的热分布及散热能力的影响。
en-us	At present the impact of flow regime on heat distribution and cooling capacity of collectors is not considered in the thermal analysis of the liquid-cooled collectors.

zh-cn	该文介绍了一种大功率速调管收集极散热过程中的流固耦合换热数值分析方法。
en-us	The liquid-solid coupled heat transfer simulation method for the collectors of high power klystrons is presented.

zh-cn	以 ANSYS Workbench 中的 CFX 流体计算软件作为分析平台，对双层水套沟槽型收集极结构进行了适当简化，建立了 3 维参数化实体模型；
en-us	Using the CFX software in the platform of ANSYS Workbench, the model of the collector with two-layer water jacket and ditch grooves is simplified and established.

zh-cn	仿真分析得到了冷却通道内部流体的 3 维流速分布、温升、压力分布及收集极体温度分布等结果，并与理论计算结果进行了对比，误差在合理范围内，对于速调管大功率微波测试和收集极的优化设计有较大的参考意义。
en-us	The velocity distribution, the temperature rise, the pressure distribution of the flow and the temperature distribution on the collector are simulated. The results are contrasted with the theoretical results and the errors are reasonable. These simulation results are meaningful to the microwave high power test of klystrons and the optimal design of collectors.

zh-cn	为解决弹性光网络中多链路故障保护的高保护资源冗余度问题，该文提出一种面向可靠性的多链路故障概率保护与保护资源重配置(ROPP-BR)策略。
en-us	Due to the high resource redundancy of full protection for request's multi-link failure in elastic optical networks, a strategy of Reliability Oriented Probability Protection and Backup Reprovisioning (ROPP-BR) is proposed.

zh-cn	在 ROPP-BR 策略中，该文综合考虑频谱资源消耗和链路故障概率，分别设计了工作与保护路径的链路代价函数，以较小代价分别选择业务可靠性高且频谱资源消耗少的备选工作与保护光路。
en-us	In the ROPP-BR, an adaptive adjustment working and protection link cost functions are devised to effectively select the alternative working and protection light-paths respectively which have high reliability and consume a small amount of spectrum resources in the multi-link failure. The cost function sufficiently considers the spectrum resources consumption and the link failure probability for both working and protection paths.

zh-cn	为满足业务差异化的可靠性需求，ROPP-BR 策略设计了一种面向可靠性的概率保护机制，建立了业务可靠性评估模型，在满足业务的可靠性需求的限制下灵活地配置概率保护路径。
en-us	Meanwhile, in order to satisfy the differentiated reliability requirements, a reliability oriented probability protection mechanism is introduced. And a theoretical analysis model is established to estimate the service reliability for light- paths in optical networks with probability protection, so the probability protection path can be flexibly configured under the restriction of the reliability requirements of the request.

zh-cn	当业务将要被阻塞时，该文提出一种基于极大团的保护光路重配置方法，对网络中的业务保护资源进行重配置，提高保护频隙的共享度。
en-us	Moreover, for further improving protection sharing efficiency, when the request will be blocked for shortage of idle spectrum resource, a backup reprovisioning method based on maximum clique, is put forward to reconfigure the protection paths and spectrum resources.

zh-cn	仿真表明，所提策略兼顾了带宽阻塞率与可靠性性能，有效地降低了保护资源冗余度。
en-us	The simulation results indicate that the proposed ROPP-BR strategy can synthetically consider the performance of bandwidth blocking probability and service reliability, and effectively reduce the redundancy of protection resources.

zh-cn	属性基加密因其细粒度访问控制在云存储中得到广泛应用。
en-us	Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) scheme is widely used in the cloud storage due to its fine-grained access control.

zh-cn	但原始属性基加密方案中单授权机构带来了分发私钥的计算瓶颈与信任问题。
en-us	However, the single authority can lead to the trust issue and the computation bottleneck of distributing private keys in the original ABE schemes.

zh-cn	为解决上述问题，该文基于素数阶双线性群构造了一种分布式属性基加密方案，方案中授权机构由多个权威中心和多个属性中心组成。
en-us	To solve these problems, a distributed ABE scheme that consists of a number of central authorities and multiple attribute authorities, is constructed based on the prime-order bilinear group in this paper.

zh-cn	权威中心负责系统建立及用户身份相关密钥生成，且每次用户私钥申请过程中只需一个权威中心参与工作，采用多权威中心的目的是提高系统的稳定性和降低权威中心的计算量；
en-us	Here, the central authority is responsible for establishing the system and generating the private key for the user, and a single private key is generated by only one central authority. In order to improve the stability of the system and reduce the calculation of the center authority, a plenty of central authorities are adopted.

zh-cn	属性中心负责不同的属性域，相互独立甚至不需要知道其它属性中心的存在。
en-us	The attribute authority, which is independent of each other, is responsible for managing different attribute domains.

zh-cn	同时，该方案的密文长度与属性数量无关，为一个常值；
en-us	At the same time, the ciphertext length of the proposed scheme has nothing to do with the number of attributes, therefore, it is a constant.

zh-cn	在解密运算过程中需要的对运算与属性数量也无关，为 2 个对运算。
en-us	The most important thing is that the decryption computation needs only two bilinear pair operations.

zh-cn	该文基于 q-Bilinear Diffie-Hellman  Exponent 假设在随机预言机模型下对方案进行了选择明文攻击的安全性证明。
en-us	The scheme is proved selectively secure based on q-Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent (q-BDHE) assumption in the random oracle model.

zh-cn	最后从理论和实验两方面对所提方案的功能与效率进行了分析与验证。
en-us	Finally, the functionality and efficiency of the proposed scheme are analyzed and verified.

zh-cn	实验结果表明所提方案具有固定密文长度和快速解密的能力，大大减少了存储负担并提高了系统效率。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed scheme has both constant-size ciphertext and the ability of fast decryption, which greatly reduces the storage burden and improves the system efficiency.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于多输入信道最大容量差映射的极化安全编码方法，通过适当降低信道极化速度达到提高安全传输速率的目的。
en-us	A maximal-capacity-difference mapping-based secrecy polar coding method is proposed. It improves the secrecy rate by reducing the channel polarization speed.

zh-cn	首先，利用信道极化结构，将极化后的逻辑信道按信道质量划分为好信道与差信道两类；
en-us	First, the polarized channels are divided into two categoryies based on the polarization structure: the good quality ones and the bad quality ones.

zh-cn	然后，通过具体的逻辑信道删除率迭代分析，提出一种能够有效提升差逻辑信道容量并降低好逻辑信道容量的最大容量差信道映射方法，达到降低信道极化速度的目的；
en-us	By analyzing the eraser rates of the polarized channels, a maximal-capacity-difference mapping method is proposed. Through improving the capacity of the bad polarized channels and reducing that of the good polarized channels, the channel polarization speed decreases efficiently.

zh-cn	最后，利用加权修正合法信道与窃听信道最大容量差映射结果，实现多输入信道下的极化安全编码。
en-us	Finally, weighting is adopted to modify the maximal-capacity-difference mapping results between legitimate channels and wiretap channels, thus the secrecy polar coding in multi-input channel  is  implemented.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，在极化阶数n =9 的二进制删除信道下，所提方法相比随机映射与 Arikan 方法，安全传输速率分别由 0.029, 0.004 提升到了 0.042，并且所提方法同样适用于衰落信道场景。
en-us	Simulation  results  verify  that  the  secrecy  rate  of  proposed  method  in  binary  erasure channels can be increased from 0.029 and 0.004 to 0.042, compared to the random mapping method and Arikan’s method at polarization order  n =9 , respectively. And the proposed method also works in fading channels.

zh-cn	该文通过通信装备带内电磁干扰效应机理研究，分别以峰值场强敏感和平均功率敏感为基础，建立了两种用频装备带内多频电磁干扰预测模型，提出一种电磁干扰预测方法。
en-us	The communication equipment effect mechanism under in-band electromagnetic interference is studied in this paper. Two electromagnetic interference prediction models are established.

zh-cn	首先通过单频和调幅波试验确定受试装备的敏感参量，然后根据不同敏感参量模型对某电磁环境下受试装备是否会受到干扰进行预测。
en-us	One model is based on the assumption that in-band interference is sensitive to the amplitude of field strength, and the other is based on the assumption that in-band interference is sensitive to the average power. The sensitive parameter can be distinguished by sine and AM test, and the Equipment Under Test (EUT) interference is predicted according to different models.

zh-cn	该文以不同制式通用通信装备为试验对象，通过带内双频、带内三频电磁辐射效应试验对预测方法进行了验证。
en-us	The sine and AM continuous wave test, in-band dual-frequency test, in-band triple-frequency test are conducted with two typical VHF radios as test objects.

zh-cn	试验结果表明：通过单频和调幅连续波电磁辐射敏感度之间的差别能够区分受试设备符合哪种带内多频电磁干扰预测模型，对干扰峰值场强敏感的 EUT1 预测模型效应指数都略大于 1，对干扰平均功率敏感的 EUT2 预测模型效应指数都在 1 左右。
en-us	Experiment results show that EUT1 is sensitive to the amplitude of field strength, and the model results are slightly greater than 1, and EUT2 is sensitive to the average power. The model results are all approximate 1. The prediction method of in-band multi-frequency electromagnetic interference is modified and improved by the test results.

zh-cn	以此为基础提出了通信装备带内多频电磁干扰预测方法，能够有效解决通信装备带内多频电磁干扰预测问题。
en-us	The proposed prediction method is able to forecast the communication equipment interference effectively under the in-band multi-frequency electromagnetic environment.

zh-cn	为突破矿井工人指纹定位中 1 维模型在定位精度上的局限性，该文提出一种矿井工人 2 维指纹定位数据库构建算法，并通过 SVR-Kriging 插值法解决因 2 维模型带来的数据采集工作量大的问题。
en-us	In order to overcome the limitation of one-dimensional model in accuracy of mine workers' fingerprint location, a two-dimensional fingerprint location database algorithm for mine workers is proposed. The problem of the large data acquisition workload brought by the two-dimensional model is also solved by SVR-Kriging interpolation.

zh-cn	首先，通过高斯滤波对采集的采样点位置指纹信息进行预处理，并利用支持向量回归由采样点数据拟合变异函数。
en-us	Firstly, Gaussian filtering is used to preprocess the fingerprint information of the collected sampling point and the variation function is fitted by the Support Vector Regression (SVR).