zh-cn	随着网络信息系统的发展，网络病毒扩散方式及免疫策略成为网络安全领域研究的热点之一。
en-us	With the development of network information system, virus propagation and immunization strategy become one of the hot topics in the field of network security.

zh-cn	该文研究了一类新型混合攻击病毒，并根据其特点将这类病毒定义为“去二存一”型病毒。通过分析新型病毒的攻击方式，构建了“去二存一”混合机制下病毒的SEIQRS信息扩散模型。
en-us	In this paper, a new virus with hybrid attacking is introduced, which can attack network in two modes. One is to attack and infect the network nodes directly,and the another is to hide itself in the nodes by hiding its viral characteristic. According to its characteristics, this type of virus is defined as “Two-go and One-live” and the corresponding virus propagation model is established.

zh-cn	在此基础上，求解对应系统的平衡点，并运用Routh-Hurwitz判据分析了系统基本再生数R0及其对系统稳定性的影响。
en-us	Moreover, the stability of the system is studied by solving the equilibrium points and analyzing the basic reproduction number R0.

zh-cn	最后，仿真验证了模型的有效性和稳定性。
en-us	Numerical simulations are presented to verify effectiveness and stability of the novel model.

zh-cn	在超高频射频识别(UHF RFID)系统近场(NF)密集标签应用中，由于微带标签天线的结构特点，传统线圈间互阻抗表达式在预估系统频率偏移等互耦效应问题方面误差较大，精确性不够。
en-us	In Near-Field (NF) applications of Ultra-High-Frequency Radio Frequency IDentification (UHFRFID) systems, due to the structural characteristics of the microstrip tag, the traditional inter-coil mutual impedance expression has a large error in the estimation of the mutual coupling effect such as the frequency shift of the prediction system, and the accuracy is not enough.

zh-cn	首先，基于变压器模型，从无线电能传输的角度推导了近场密集标签间的互阻抗表达式。
en-us	Firstly, based on the transformer model, the mutual impedance expressions of the NF dense tags are derived from the perspective of radio energy transmission.

zh-cn	然后，结合近场电感耦合型标签，通过建立电磁仿真模型间接获取有关电气参数值。
en-us	Then, the electrical parameter values are obtained indirectly by establishing the electromagnetic simulation model combining with the NF inductance coupling tag.

zh-cn	最后，验证推导公式并从影响双标签间互阻抗的环境因素角度去研究UHF RFID近场频率偏移问题。
en-us	Finally, the derivation formula is verified and UHF RFID NF frequency shift is studied from the perspective of environmental factors that affect the mutual impedance between the two tags.

zh-cn	测试结果表明，当标签间距小于30 mm时，推导的互阻抗表达式应用于频率偏移计算误差范围为1.6～7.3 MHz。
en-us	The test results show that the derived mutual impedance expression is applied to the frequency offset calculation with error range in 1.6～7.3 MHz when the tags’ spacing is less than30 mm.

zh-cn	研究结果为基于标签间互阻抗预估UHF RFID近场标签间的互耦效应问题提供了参考依据。
en-us	The results provide a reference for studying the mutual coupling effect between UHF RFID NF tags based on the mutual impedance between tags.

zh-cn	二叉决策图(BDD)是一种数据结构，广泛应用于数字电路的逻辑综合、测试和验证等领域。
en-us	Binary Decision Diagrams (BDD) is a data structure that can be used to describe a digital circuit.

zh-cn	将BDD每个结点映射成2选1数据选择器(MUX)可得到BDD映射电路。
en-us	By replacing each node in a BDD with a 2-to-1 Multiplexer (MUX), a BDD can be mapped to a digital circuit.

zh-cn	该文提出一种BDD映射电路的面积和延时优化方法。
en-us	An area and delay optimization method on BDD mapped circuit is presented.

zh-cn	首先把待优化电路转换成BDD形式，然后逐一搜索BDD中存在的菱形结构，进而通过路径优化实现结点的删减和控制变量的更改，并将所得结果BDD映射成MUX电路，最后用多个MCNC基准电路进行测试，
en-us	A traditional Boolean circuit is converted into BDD form, and then diamond structure constructed by nodes is searched in the BDD, corresponding nodes are deleted and control signals of the modified nodes are updated by paths optimization, finally, the result BDD is mapped to a MUX circuit. The proposed method is test by a number ofMicroelectronics Center of North Carolina (MCNC) Benchmarks.

zh-cn	将该文方法与经典综合工具BDS, SIS等方法相比较，BDD总结点数比BDS减少了55.8%，映射电路的面积和延时比SIS分别减小了39.3%和44.4%。
en-us	Compared with the classical synthesis toolsSequential Interactive System (SIS) and BDD-based logic optimization System (BDS), the average number ofnodes by the proposed methods is 55.8% less than that of BDS, and average circuit’s area and delay arereduced by 39.3% and 44.4% than that of the SIS, respectively.

zh-cn	该文针对星基定位接收机导航信号捕获的干扰问题，提出一种非完备空际间叠干扰信号模型。
en-us	A non-complete spatial overlapped interference signal model is proposed based on the jamming research against satellite-based positioning receiver for the acquisition of navigation signal.

zh-cn	首先对提出的干扰模型以及非完备空际间叠引起的干扰裂变效应进行了阐述分析与推究证明，而后推导计算出了星基定位接收机输出信干噪比(SINR)与空际间叠长度的函数式，论证了两者函数单调性关系。
en-us	Firstly, the interference model is introduced and analyzed, and the signal fission effect induced by non-complete spatial overlapped interference is demonstrated. Then, the relationship between SINR of satellite-based positioningreceiver and spatial overlapped length is derived, and the monotonic relationship of them is deduced.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明星基定位接收机输出信干噪比为空际间叠长度的单调增函数，短空际间叠长度干扰可抑制3维频码域相关峰突起，降消星基定位接收机捕获性能。
en-us	Simulation results suggest that SINR of satellite-based positioning receiver is the monotonically increasing function of spatial overlapped length, and the short-spatial-overlapped interference can restrain the peak amplitude of three dimensional frequency and coded domain correlation, degrading the performance of acquisition of satellite-based positioning receiver.

zh-cn	针对光照变化引起目标跟踪性能显著下降的问题，该文提出一种联合优化光照补偿和多任务逆向稀疏表示的视觉跟踪方法。
en-us	Focusing on the issue of heavy decrease of object tracking performance induced by illumination variation, a visual tracking method via jointly optimizing the illumination compensation and multi-task reverse sparse representation is proposed.

zh-cn	首先基于模板与候选目标的平均亮度差异对模板实施光照补偿，并利用候选目标逆向稀疏表示光照补偿后的模板。
en-us	The template illumination is firstly compensated by the developed algorithm, which is based on the average brightness difference between templates and candidates. In what follows, the candidate set is exploited to sparsely represent the templates after illumination compensation.

zh-cn	而后将所得多个关于单模板的优化问题转化为一个关于多模板的多任务优化问题，并利用交替迭代方法求解此多任务优化问题以获得最优光照补偿系数矩阵以及稀疏编码矩阵。
en-us	Subsequently,the obtained multiple optimization issues associated with single template can be recast as a multi-taskoptimization one related to multiple templates, which can be solved by the alternative iteration approach toacquire the optimal illumination compensation coefficient and the sparse coding matrix.

zh-cn	最后利用所得稀疏编码矩阵快速剔除无关候选目标，并采用局部结构化评估方法实现目标精确跟踪。
en-us	Finally, the obtainedsparse coding matrix can be exploited to quickly eliminate the unrelated candidates, afterwards the localstructured evaluation method is employed to achieve the accurate object tracking.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与现有主流算法相比，剧烈光照变化情况下，所提方法可显著改善目标跟踪精度及稳健性。
en-us	As compared to the existingstate-of-the-art algorithms, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the accuracy androbustness of the object tracking significantly in the presence of heavy illumination variation.

zh-cn	传统基于特征的景象匹配方法存在冗余点多、匹配精度低等问题，难以同时满足实时性及鲁棒性要求，对此，论文提出一种基于尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)的快速景象匹配方法。
en-us	The traditional feature-based image matching method has many problems such as many redundant points and low matching accuracy, which can hardly meet the real-time and robustness requirements. In this regard, a fast scene matching method based on Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) is proposed.

zh-cn	在特征提取阶段，采用高速分段特征检测器(FAST)在多尺度检测角点作为初始特征，经过高斯差分(DOG)算子在尺度空间中进行特征的2次筛选，简化原有遍历式的特征搜索过程；
en-us	In the feature detection phase, FAST (Features from Accelerated Segment Test) is used to detect characteristics in multi-scale, after then, combining with Difference Of Gauss (DOG) operators to filter characteristics again. From this, the feature search process is simplified.

zh-cn	在特征匹配阶段，采用仿射模型模拟变换关系建立几何约束条件，克服SIFT算法由于忽略几何信息而产生的误匹配。
en-us	In feature matching phase, the affine transformation model isused to simulate the transformation relation and establish the geometric constraint, to overcome themismatching because of ignoring the geometric information.

zh-cn	实验表明：该方法在匹配精度和实时性方面均优于SIFT算法，且对光照、模糊、尺度等变换具有良好的鲁棒性，能够更好地实现景象匹配。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposedmethod is superior to the SIFT in efficiency and precision, also has good robustness to light, blur and scaletransformation, achieves scene matching better.

zh-cn	针对机器人在家庭环境下的目标检测问题，该文提出一种基于动作注意策略的树形双深度Q网络(TDDQN)目标候选区域提取的方法，该方法将双深度Q网络(DDQN)的方法与树结构的方法相结合，通过执行改变检测框的动作以使目标逐渐集中在检测框内。
en-us	Considering the problem of object detection of robots in the home environments, a Tree-Double DeepQ Network (TDDQN) based on the attention action strategy is proposed to determine the locations of region proposals. It combines DDQN with hierarchical tree structure.

zh-cn	首先采用DDQN方法在执行较少的动作后选择出当前状态的最佳动作，获取符合条件的候选区域。
en-us	First, DDQN is used to select the best action ofcurrent state and obtain the right region proposal with a few actions executed.

zh-cn	然后根据执行所选择动作之后所得到的状态重复执行上述过程，以此构成树结构的多条“最佳”路径。
en-us	According to the state obtained after executing the selected action, the above process is repeated to create multiple "best" paths of the hierarchical tree structure.

zh-cn	最后采用非极大值抑制的方法从多个符合条件的候选区域选择出最佳候选区域。
en-us	The best region proposal is selected using non-maximum suppression on region proposals that meet the conditions.

zh-cn	在PascalVOC2007以及Pascal VOC2012上的实验结果表明，在不同数量的候选区域、不同阈值的IoU和不同大小以及不同种类对象的实验条件下，所提方法较其他方法都有着更好的检测性能，可以较好地实现目标检测。
en-us	Experimental results on Pascal VOC2007 and Pascal VOC2012 show that the proposed method based on TDDQN has better detection performance than other methods for region proposals of different numbers, different Intersection-over-Union (IoU) values and objects of different sizes and kinds, respectively.

zh-cn	针对现有相干分布源直接定位方法中存在的依赖分布模型、计算复杂等问题，该文提出一种基于非圆信号特征的对称旋转不变直接定位算法。
en-us	The existing Direct Position Determination (DPD) algorithm of Coherently Distributed (CD) sources rely on the distribution model of CD sources with huge computation cost, which is not practical. To improve further the localization performance, a novel DPD algorithm of CD sources that profits from the characteristics of noncircular signals is proposed based on the symmetric shift invariance of the centrosymmetric array.

zh-cn	该方法首先根据分布源参数化假设建立基于数据域信息的直接位置估计模型，并利用非圆信号特征扩展接收信号的协方差矩阵。
en-us	With the parameterization assumption of CD sources, the direct position determination model is firstly constructed by combining the characteristics of noncircular signals.

zh-cn	然后针对中心对称阵列，证明了相干分布源的确定性角信号分布函数矢量具有对称特性，基于这一特征建立了扩展方向矢量的旋转不变关系；构造了融合多个观测站信息的目标函数，直接估计目标位置，避免了对分布模型的依赖，且降低了待估计参数维度。
en-us	Then, it is proved that for any centrosymmetric array,the generalized steering vector of CD sources has the property of symmetric shift invariance. Base on this characteristic, the positions of CD sources are directly estimated by fusing the information of all observation stations with no need to consider the distribution model, which reduces the dimension of the parameter to be estimated.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与现有相干分布源定位算法相比，所提算法提高了分布源位置估计精度和效率，避免了对分布模型的依赖，更具实用价值。
en-us	Simulation results validate that, compared with the existing localization algorithms of CD sources, the proposed algorithm improves the localization accuracy, and avoids the dependence on the distribution model of CD sources, which is of great practical value.

zh-cn	超密集组网的基站高密度特性会带来严重的小区间干扰，多点协作联合传输应用于超密集组网进行干扰管理是目前的研究热点，
en-us	The high-density characteristic of base stations in Ultra-Dense Networks (UDN) brings serious inter-cell interference. It is the current research hotspot that Coordinated Multiple-Points Joint Transmission(CoMP-JT) is applied to UDN for interference management.

zh-cn	该文对多点协作联合传输时基站密度对网络性能的影响进行了分析。
en-us	The impact of base station density on networkperformance with CoMP-JT is analyzed.

zh-cn	首先采用随机几何方法推导了3维空间基站与用户距离的概率密度函数，为选取距离用户最近的多个基站联合传输的协作机制提供了基础；
en-us	Firstly, the probability density function of the distance between thebase station and the user in 3D space is derived using the stochastic geometric method. It provides thecooperation mechanism’s basis for CoMP-JT that selecting the multiple base stations closest to the user to jointtransmission.

zh-cn	然后结合有界双斜率路径损耗模型，进行用户下行链路的干扰建模，进一步推导出用户下行链路覆盖率和网络区域频谱效率的表达式，并分析了协作基站数、基站密度等参数对网络性能的影响。
en-us	Then, the downlink interference model is carried out based on the bounded dual-slope path loss model, and the downlink coverage probability and network area spectrum efficiency are further derived. Thereafter, the impact of the parameters such as the number of cooperating base stations and the base station density on the performance of the system is investigated.

zh-cn	数值仿真表明：协作基站数为2时就可使下行链路覆盖率增加10%，且实现2到3倍的频谱效率的增益，当协作基站数为3时，费效比更优，同时可得到多点协作下的基站密度极限使区域频谱效率最高。
en-us	Numerical simulations show that when the number of cooperative base stations is 2, the downlink coverage probability increases by 10%, and the network areaspectral efficiency achieves a gain of 2 to 3 times. When the number of cooperating base stations is 3, the cost-effectiveness ratio is better, and the density of base stations that maximizes the network area spectral efficiencyunder CoMP-JT can be obtained.

zh-cn	该文工作可为下一代移动通信网络的基站部署提供理论支持。
en-us	This paper provides theoretical support for the deployment of base stationsin next-generation mobile communication networks.

zh-cn	战术指挥车内多部电台同时工作，发射电台将对接收电台产生严重的互扰。
en-us	The transmit radios would severely interfere the receive radios, only if they are simultaneously operating in the same tactical command vehicle.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，该文提出基于多通道最小均方算法(MCLMS)的多发单收同车电台射频干扰对消方法。
en-us	Considering this problem, the RF interference cancellationmethod for multi-transmits and single-receive co-vehicle radios, based on Multi-Channel Least Mean Square(MCLMS) algorithm, is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，分析同车电台N 发M 收情况可分离为M个N发单收场景的叠加，进而建立多发单收射频干扰对消模型。
en-us	Firstly, the analysis indicates that the situation of N-transmits and M-receives co-vehicle radios is the equivalent of M case of N-transmits and single-receive, by which the RF interference cancellation model of multi-transmits and single-receive is constructed.

zh-cn	在此基础上，提出基于MCLMS算法的射频干扰对消方法，并理论分析该对消方法的性能，推导得出互扰对消比(MICR)与发射电台数目N、收敛因子之间的闭合数学表达式。
en-us	Secondly, the RF interference cancellation method based on MCLMS algorithm is presented, and the performance of this method is analyzed to obtain the mathematical relation expression between Mutual-Interference Cancellation Ratio(MICR) and transmit radio number N, convergence factor .

zh-cn	最后，通过仿真验证了理论结果的正确性，表明该方法能够有效抑制同车发射电台对接收电台的互扰影响，增强指挥车电磁兼容性。
en-us	Finally, the simulations demonstrate the validity of the theory result, and indicate that the mutual-interference between transmit radios and receive radios is efficiently suppressed to enhance the electromagnetic compatibility of communication command vehicle.

zh-cn	为了获得更适合人感知的夜视融合图像，该文提出一种基于灰度变换与两尺度分解的夜视图像融合算法。
en-us	In order to achieve more suitable night vision fusion images for human perception, a novel night-vision image fusion algorithm is proposed based on intensity transformation and two-scale decomposition.

zh-cn	首先，利用红外像素值作为指数因子对可见光图像进行灰度转换，在达到可见光图像增强的同时还使可见光与红外图像融合任务转换为同类图像融合。
en-us	Firstly, the pixel value from the infrared image is used as the exponential factor to achieve intensity transformation of the visible image, so that the task of infrared-visible image fusion can be transformed into the merging of homogeneous images.

zh-cn	其次，通过均值滤波对增强结果与原始可见光图像进行两尺度分解。
en-us	Secondly, the enhanced result and the original visible image are decomposedinto base and detail layers through a simple average filter.

zh-cn	再次，运用基于视觉权重图的方法融合细节层。
en-us	Thirdly, the detail layers are fused by the visualweight maps.

zh-cn	最后，综合这些结果重构出融合图像。
en-us	Finally, the fused image is reconstructed by synthesizing these results.

zh-cn	由于该文方法在可见光波段显示结果，因此融合图像更适合视觉感知。
en-us	The fused image is moresuitable for the visual perception, because the proposed method presents the result in the visual spectrum band.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法在视觉质量和客观评价方面优于其它5种对比方法，融合时间小于0.2 s，满足实时性要求。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms obviously the other five methods. In addition,the computation time of the proposed method is less than 0.2 s, which meet the real-time requirements.

zh-cn	融合后图像背景细节信息清晰，热目标突出，同时降低处理时间。
en-us	In the fused result, the details of the background are clear while the objects with high temperature variance are highlighted as well.

zh-cn	针对识别左右手运动想象脑电图信号(EEG)模式精度和互信息不高的问题，该文采用基于可调Q因子小波变换(TQWT)算法来处理脑电信号。
en-us	In view of the problem of low accuracy and mutual information in left and right hand motor imagery-based Electro Encephalo Gram (EEG), a new approach based on Tunable Q-factor Wavelet Transform (TQWT)is proposed to handle with the binary-class motor imagery EEGs.

zh-cn	首先，利用TQWT对脑电图信号进行分解；
en-us	Firstly, the TQWT is utilized to decomposethe filtered EEG signal.

zh-cn	随后，提取子频带信号的小波系数能量、自回归模型(AR)系数以及分形维数；
en-us	Then, several sub-band signals are extracted and followed by calculating their energy,AutoRegressive (AR) model coefficients and fractal dimension.

zh-cn	最后，利用线性判别分析(LDA)对提取的脑电特征进行识别。
en-us	Finally, a Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA)classifier is used to classify these EEGs.

zh-cn	采用BCI2003和BCI2005竞赛数据对所提出的算法进行验证，4名受试者的最高识别率分别为88.11%, 89.33%,77.13%和78.80%，最大互信息分别为0.95, 0.96, 0.43和0.45。
en-us	Two Graz datasets of BCI Competition 2003 and 2005 are employed toverify the proposed method. The maximum accuracy of classifying EEGs of four subjects is 88.11%, 89.33%,77.13% and 78.80%, respectively, and the maximum mutual information is 0.95, 0.96, 0.43 and 0.45.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法取得了高分类精度及互信息值，验证了其有效性。
en-us	The high accuracies and mutual information demonstrate eventually the effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	我国是个洪涝灾害多发的国家，每年7月、8月份洪涝灾害时常发生。
en-us	China is a flood disaster-prone country, where floods occur frequently every year, from July to August.

zh-cn	因此，实现洪涝受灾区域的水体快速检测对灾害救援和评估具有重要的意义。
en-us	Therefore, rapid disaster detection and assessment of floods affected areas is of great significance.

zh-cn	高分3号SAR卫星数据采用主动式对地观测技术，全天时、全天候成像的特点在洪涝减灾应用中具有明显的优势。
en-us	GF-3SAR satellite data has obvious advantages of all-day, all-weather imaging characteristics in flood disaster reduction applications because of its active observation technology.

zh-cn	以湖南省洪涝灾害区域快速检测为目的，该文提出基于高分3号单极化SAR数据的洪涝区域水体快速检测方法，包括SAR预处理，顾及SAR分布特性且保边缘的马尔科夫模型洪涝水体提取，基于SAR几何构象模型的阴影虚警干扰去除等步骤，并利用人工检测结果进行相对精度评价。
en-us	For the purpose of rapid water detection in flooding area, a rapid detection method of flood area based on GF-3 single-polarized SAR data is proposed, including SAR preprocessing, flood extraction based on Markov random fields, shadow false alarm removal. Its detecting accuracy is evaluated with manual detection result.

zh-cn	测试结果表明，所提方法可以实现洪涝受灾区域的快速、精确提取。
en-us	The test results show that this method can realizethe rapid and accurate extraction of waters in flood disaster area.

zh-cn	针对SIMO-OFDM系统下的信道估计和符号检测问题，该文建立了接收数据矩阵的平行因子分析(PAR-AFAC)模型，
en-us	To solve the problem of the joint blind channel estimation and symbol detection for SIMO-OFDMsystems, a PARAllel FACtor (PARAFAC) analysis model of the receive data matrix is established.

zh-cn	利用PARAFAC模型中离散傅里叶变换矩阵的行满秩特性，结合数据矩阵的奇异值分解，提出了一种信道与符号联合盲估计的闭式求解方法。
en-us	Then, with the full row rank characteristic of the discrete Fourier transform matrix and the singular value decomposition of the receiving data matrix, a closed method is proposed for joint blind channel estimation and symbol detection.

zh-cn	由于提出的求解方法无须进行迭代便可以完成信道估计和符号检测，因此其计算复杂度低，
en-us	The proposed method has low computational complexity because it has no iteration.

zh-cn	此外，利用PARAFAC模型实现信道和符号的同时计算，避免了因信道估计误差导致的符号误码率性能下降问题。
en-us	Furthermore, by the simultaneously calculated of channel and signals, the proposed method can avoid the performance reduction of signal estimation caused by channel estimation error.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与传统方法相比提出的方法计算复杂度更低，估计性能更好。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed method haslower computational complexity and better estimation performance compared with traditional methods.

zh-cn	卷积盲源分离可以在频域得到有效解决，但频域盲源分离必须解决排序模糊问题。
en-us	The convolutive blind source separation can be effectively solved in frequency domain, but blind source separation in frequency domain must solve the problem of ranking ambiguity.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于区域增长校正的频域盲源分离排序算法。
en-us	A frequency-domain blindsource separation sorting algorithm is proposed based on regional growth correction.

zh-cn	首先对卷积混合信号短时傅里叶变换，在频域的各个频点处建立瞬时模型进行独立分量分析，在此基础上使用分离信号功率比的相关性，对所有频点进行逐点排序置换。
en-us	First, the convolutionalmixed signal short-time Fourier transform is used to establish an instantaneous model at each frequency pointin the frequency domain for independent component analysis. Based on this, the correlation of the power ratioof the separated signal is used to sort all frequency points one by one replacement.

zh-cn	其次根据阈值将排序后的结果划分为若干个小区域。
en-us	Second, according to thethreshold, the sorted result is divided into several small areas.

zh-cn	最后按区域增长方式进行区域置换与合并，最终得到正确的分离信号。
en-us	Finally. regional replacement and merging isperformed according to the regional growth method, and the correct separation signal is finally obtained.

zh-cn	区域增长校正可最大限度地减少频点排序错误扩散现象，从而改善分离效果。
en-us	Regional growth correction minimizes the mis-proliferation of frequency sorting and improves separation results.

zh-cn	在模拟和真实环境中分别进行语音盲源分离实验，结果表明所提算法的有效性。
en-us	The speech blind source separation experiments are performed in the simulated and real environments respectively. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于四阶累积量张量联合对角化的联合盲源分离(J-BSS)算法。
en-us	A new Joint Blind Source Separation (J-BSS) algorithm is proposed based on joint diagonalization of fourth-order cumulant tensors.

zh-cn	首先通过计算4阶互累积量将多数据集信号的J-BSS问题转化为4阶张量联合对角化问题。
en-us	This algorithm constructs first a set of fourth-order tensors by computing thefourth-order cross cumulant of the multiset signals.

zh-cn	接下来，基于雅可比连续旋转将张量联合对角化这类非线性优化问题，转化为一系列可获取闭式解的简单子优化问题，并通过交替迭代对多数据集混合矩阵进行更新，进而实现J-BSS。
en-us	Then, based on the Jacobian successive rotation strategy, the highly nonlinear optimization problem of joint tensor diagonalization is transformed into a series of simple sub-optimization problems, each admitting a closed form solution. The multiset mixing matrices are hence updated via alternating iterations, which diagonalize jointly the data tensors.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法具有良好的收敛性能，较之现有的同类型BSS及J-BSS算法具有更高的精度。
en-us	Simulation results show that theproposed algorithm has nice convergence pattern and higher accuracy than existing BSS and J-BSS algorithmsof a similar type.

zh-cn	此外，该算法在分离实际胎儿心电信号方面也表现出良好的性能。
en-us	In addition, the algorithm works well in a real-world application to fetal ECG separation.

zh-cn	在无线传感器网络(WSN)节点的无线电关闭期间，用以维护系统时钟的硬件定时器中断请求(IRQ)是微控制单元(MCU)能耗的重要来源，此时中断频率对WSN节点总能耗影响较大。
en-us	During the radio-off periods of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) node, the timer Interrupt ReQuest(IRQ) which used to maintain the system clock become an important energy consumption source of MicroController Unit (MCU), thus the IRQ frequency has a great influence on WSN node total energy consumption.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)估计的时钟分辨率优化方法，根据协议的时间特性来切换中断高低频率。
en-us	A timer resolution adjustment method based on Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) approach is proposed, which switches high and low IRQ frequencies according to the characteristics of the protocol.

zh-cn	在休眠期间切换到低分辨率，需要唤醒时先通过UKF获得高分辨率计时开始时间的最优估计，再通过分辨率渐变的定时器中断的线性组合来进入高分辨率计时。
en-us	Being at a low frequency during sleep period, if a node needs to switch to wake-up period, it will first obtain the optimal estimation of the start time of high resolution timing period by UKF, then enter the high resolution timing period after a linear combination of a group of gradual-changing resolution timer IRQ.

zh-cn	对Tmote平台的ContikiMAC协议进行的仿真实验中，在无线电占空比(RDC)为0.53%的情况下，所提方法比原始协议总能耗下降28.85%。
en-us	The simulations of ContikiMACprotocol on the Tmote platform are conducted. When the Radio Duty Cycle (RDC) is 0.53%, the proposed method reduces the total power consumption by 28.85% compared to the original protocol.

zh-cn	针对多跳频信号空域参数估计问题，该文在稀疏贝叶斯学习(SBL)的基础上，利用跳频信号的空域稀疏性实现了波达方向(DOA)的估计。
en-us	To solve the problem of spatial parameter estimation of multi-frequency hopping signals, the sparsity in spatial domain of frequency hopping signals is used to realize the Direction Of Arrival (DOA) estimation based on Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL).

zh-cn	首先构造空域离散网格，将实际DOA与网格点之间的偏移量建模进离散网格中，建立多跳频信号均匀线阵接收数据模型；
en-us	First, the spatial discrete grid is constructed and the offset betweenthe actual DOA and the grid points is modeled into it. The data model of the uniform linear array withmultiple frequency hopping signals is established.

zh-cn	然后通过SBL理论得到行稀疏信号矩阵的后验概率分布，用超参数控制偏移量和信号矩阵的行稀疏程度；
en-us	Then the posterior probability distribution of the sparse signal matrix is obtained by the SBL theory, and the line sparsity of the signal matrix and the offset is controlled by the hyper parameters.

zh-cn	最后利用期望最大化(EM)算法对超参数进行迭代，得到信号矩阵的最大后验估计以完成DOA的估计。
en-us	Finally, The expectation maximization algorithm is used to iterate the hyper parameters, and the maximum posteriori estimation of the signal matrix is obtained to complete the DOA estimation.

zh-cn	理论分析与仿真实验表明该方法具有良好的估计性能并能适应较少快拍数的情况。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that this method has good estimation performance and can adapt to less snapshots.

zh-cn	在单样本(SMV)、低信噪比条件下，稀疏重构方法可提升时延估计精度，但现有的重构算法在支撑集元素的选择中存在错选和漏选的情况，从而导致估计精度受限。
en-us	Under Single Measurement Vector (SMV) and low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) conditions, the sparse reconstruction method can improve the estimation accuracy of Time Of Arrival (TOA). However, the existing reconstruction algorithms have some mistakes and missing in the selection of sparse support set elements, which leads to limited estimation accuracy.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，该文提出一种基于循环匹配追踪(LMP)的稀疏重构时延估计算法。该方法引入了“循环删除，匹配添加”的思想，有效提升了直达径的估计精度。
en-us	In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an algorithm based onsparse reconstruction Loop Matching Pursuit (LMP), which improves the estimation accuracy of the directpath.

zh-cn	算法首先建立信道冲激响应稀疏表示模型；
en-us	The algorithm first establishes a sparse representation model of channel impulse response.

zh-cn	然后在获得初始支撑集的前提下，先循环删除支撑集内的元素，再从支撑集补集中依据与当前残差内积值最大来匹配添加新元素，直至残差内积基本不变；
en-us	Then, underthe premise of having obtained initial support set, the elements in the support set are removed cyclically. Inaddition, according to the maximum value of the current residual within the product, the remaining elementsare used to match and add the new elements until the residual product is the same.

zh-cn	最后利用时延值与稀疏支撑集的关系得到了时延的估计值。
en-us	Finally, the estimate of theTOA is obtained using the relationship between the time delay value and the sparse support set.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法相比于传统稀疏重构时延估计算法具有更高的估计精度。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher estimation accuracy than the traditional sparse reconstruction time delay estimation algorithm.

zh-cn	同时基于USRP平台，利用实际信号对所提算法进行了有效性验证。
en-us	At the same time, based on the USRP platform, theeffectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by the actual signal.

zh-cn	服务功能链的服务性能取决于功能的部署位置和数据传输路径的选择。
en-us	The efficiency of Service Function Chain (SFC) depends closely on where functions are deployed and how to select paths for data transmission.

zh-cn	针对资源有限的网络中的服务功能链部署问题，该文设计了一种基于最长有效功能序列(LEFS)的服务功能链部署算法，
en-us	For the problem of SFC deployment in a resource-constrainednetwork, this paper proposes an optimization algorithm for SFC deployment based on the Longest EffectiveFunction Sequence (LEFS).

zh-cn	以功能复用和带宽需求联合优化为目标，在控制路径长度的同时根据LEFS逐步搜索中继节点，直至满足服务请求。
en-us	To optimize function deployment and bandwidth requirement jointly, the upperbound of path length is set and relay nodes are searched incrementally on the basis of LEFS until the service request is satisfied.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法能够均衡网络资源，同时优化网络的功能部署率和带宽利用率，
en-us	Simulation results show that, the proposed algorithm can balance network resource andoptimize the function deploymen rate and bandwidth utilization.

zh-cn	与其他算法相比，网络资源利用率降低了10%，可以支持更多的服务请求，且算法计算复杂度低，可以实现对服务请求的快速响应。
en-us	Compared with other algorithms, the utilization of network resource decreases 10%, so that more service requests can be supported. What is more,the algorithm has a lower computation complexity and can response to service requests quickly.

zh-cn	针对动作特征在卷积神经网络模型传输时的损失问题以及网络模型过拟合的问题，该文提出一种跨层融合模型和多个模型投票的动作识别方法。
en-us	To solve the problem of the loss in the motion features during the transmission of deep convolution neural networks and the overfitting of the network model, a cross layer fusion model and a multi-model voting action recognition method are proposed.

zh-cn	在预处理阶段，借助排序池化的方法聚集视频中的运动信息，生成近似动态图像。
en-us	In the preprocessing stage, the motion information in a video isgathered by the rank pooling method to form approximate dynamic images.

zh-cn	在全连接层前设置对特征信息进行水平翻转结构，构成无融合模型。在无融合模型的基础上添加第2层的输出特征与第5层的输出特征融合结构，构造成跨层融合模型。
en-us	Two basic models are presented.One model with two horizontally flipping layers is called “non-fusion model”, and then a fusion structure of the second layer and the fifth layer is added to form a new model named “cross layer fusion model”.

zh-cn	训练时，对无融合模型和跨层融合模型两种基本模型采用3种数据划分方式以及两种生成近似动态图像顺序进行训练，得到多个不同的分类器。
en-us	The two basic models of “non-fusion model” and “cross layer fusion model” are trained respectively on three different data partitions. The positive and negative sequences of each video are used to generate two approximate dynamic images.

zh-cn	测试时使用多个分类器进行预测，对它们得到的结果进行投票集成，作为最终分类结果。
en-us	So many different classifiers can be obtained by training the two proposed models using different training approximate dynamic images. In testing, the final classification results can be obtained by averaging the results of all these classifiers.

zh-cn	在UCF101数据集上，提出的无融合模型和跨层融合模型的识别方法与动态图像网络模型的方法相比，识别率有较大提高；
en-us	Compared with the dynamic image network model, the recognition rate of thenon-fusion model and the cross layer fusion model is greatly improved on the UCF101 dataset.

zh-cn	多模型投票的识别方法能有效缓解模型的过拟合现象，增加算法的鲁棒性，得到更好的平均性能。
en-us	The multi-modelvoting method can effectively alleviate the overfitting of the model, increase the robustness of the algorithmand get better average performance.

zh-cn	在射电望远镜和卫星通信天线中，圆极化器是关键部件之一。
en-us	Circular polarizer is a key component in feed systems with circular polarization in radio astronomytelescope and satellite communication antennas.

zh-cn	传统圆极化器在保证0.75 dB轴比时的相对带宽最多为41%，无法满足日益增长的宽频带应用需求。
en-us	Conventional polarizers are capable of operating over a maximum bandwidth of 40% with an axial ratio value of 0.75 dB, which is unable to meet the growing demand for wide band applications.

zh-cn	该文利用四脊波导的宽带特性，通过采用具有不同尺寸的水平脊和垂直脊，使四脊波导两个正交主模的相位常数不同，来实现宽带移相特性，并给出了一种宽带四脊波导圆极化器的设计方法。
en-us	In this paper, the design of the wide band quad ridges waveguide polarizer is introduced, and the relationship between the phase constants of two orthogonal principal modes is analyzed.The broadband phase shift characteristics are achieved by employing different horizontal and vertical ridges dimensions.

zh-cn	按照这一方法，设计了一款宽带C波段圆极化器，工作带宽为3.625～7.025 GHz，相对带宽64%。
en-us	Based on this method, a C-Band polarizer is designed, which operates at 3.625～7.025 GHz, 64%bandwidth.

zh-cn	该文还研究了圆极化器主要参数变化对其性能的影响，加工并实测了一个圆极化器样机。
en-us	The effects of main parameters on the polarizer performances are studied. A prototype of the polarizer is developed.

zh-cn	实测结果显示出，该圆极化器两个正交极化的反射损耗均小于–21 dB，相差90°±3.8°，相应的轴比小于0.6 dB。
en-us	The measurements of the prototype show that return losses are less than –21 dB for twoorthogonal polarizations and the phase difference is 90°±3.8°, the corresponding axial ratio is less than 0.6 dB.

zh-cn	测试与仿真结果吻合良好，证明了分析与设计方法的正确性。
en-us	Measured and simulated results show good agreements, thus validating the analysis and design methods.

zh-cn	针对ZigBee网络节点定位中消息的安全性问题，该文提出一种带隐私保护的消息签名方案。
en-us	In view of the security of message in ZigBee network node location, a message signature scheme with privacy protection is proposed.

zh-cn	方案基于椭圆曲线(ECC)上的无双线性对运算，设计了带身份隐私保护的定位请求消息签名算法和坐标隐私保护的定位参照消息签名算法。
en-us	The proposed scheme is based on Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem (ECC) without bilinear pairing, and location request message signature algorithm with identity privacy protection and location reference message signature algorithm with coordinate privacy protection are put forward.

zh-cn	理论证明了所提方案可抵御伪造攻击、重放攻击等多种外部攻击，同时具备隐私保护、身份追踪等功能。
en-us	It is proved theoretically that the proposed scheme can not only resist the various external attacks, such as forgery attack, replay attack, etc., but also has the function of privacy protection and identity tracking.

zh-cn	性能分析结果表明，与同类方案相比，所提方案计算开销和通信开销均具有优势。
en-us	Performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme has the advantages of computing overhead and communication overhead over similar schemes.

zh-cn	在大型复杂软件定义网络中，为提高网络负载均衡，减少控制器与交换机间的传播时延，该文提出一种基于效率区间的负载均衡在线优化算法。
en-us	Due to the limitation of individual controller’s processing capacity in large-scale complex Software Defined Networks (SDN), an efficient online algorithm for load balancing among controllers based on efficiency range is proposed to improve load balancing among controllers and reduce the propagation delay between a controller and the switch.

zh-cn	在初始静态网络中，通过贪心算法选择初始控制器集合，并以其为根节点构建M棵改进代价的最小生成树(MST)，确定初始M个负载均衡的子网；
en-us	In the initial static network, the initial set of controllers is selected by a greedy algorithm, then M improved Minimum Spanning Trees (MST) rooted at the initial set of controllers are constructed, so initial M subnets with load balancing are determined.

zh-cn	当网络流量发生变化时，通过广度优先搜索(BFS)调整子网间交换机映射关系使其满足效率区间，保证任意时刻网络的负载均衡。
en-us	With the dynamic changes of load, for the purpose of making the controller work within efficiency range at any time, several switches in different subnetsare reassigned by Breadth First Search (BFS).

zh-cn	算法均以网络连通性为基础，且均以传播时延为目标重新更新控制器集合。
en-us	The initial set of controllers is updated for minimizing propagation delay in the algorithms’ last step. The algorithm is based on the connectivity of intra-domain and inter-domain.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，该算法在保证任意时刻网络负载均衡的同时，可以保证较低的传播时延，
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms not only guarantee the load balancingamong controllers, but also guarantee the lower propagation delay.

zh-cn	与Pareto模拟退火算法、改进的K-Means算法等相比，可以使网络负载均衡情况平均提高40.65%。
en-us	As to compare to PSA algorithm, optimizedK-Means algorithm, etc., it can make Network Load Balancing Index (NLBI) averagely increase by 40.65%.

zh-cn	基于灰度图像隐写算法直接应用于彩色图像引起的安全性问题，该文针对彩色分量提出一种动态更新失真代价的空域隐写算法。
en-us	Considering the possible security problems of directly extending steganographic schemes for gray-scale images to color images, an adaptive distortion-updated steganography method is put forward based on the Modification Strategy for Color Components (CCMS).

zh-cn	首先，分析了彩色分量内容特性与通道间相关性的关系，提出中心元素的失真更新准则。
en-us	First, the correlation between color components and RGB channels is analyzed, and the principle of distortion cost modification is proposed.

zh-cn	随后，考虑到隐写过程中邻域分量嵌入修改产生的交互影响，得到维持邻域相关性的最优修改方式。
en-us	Moreover, the optimal modification mode is conducted to maintain the statistical correlation of adjacent components.

zh-cn	最后，提出彩色分量的失真代价动态更新策略(CCMS)
en-us	Finally, colorimage steganography schemes called CCMS are proposed.

zh-cn	实验表明，在5种嵌入率下HILL-CCMS，WOW-CCMS算法对彩色隐写特征CRM，SCCRM的抗检测能力明显高于HILL和WOW算法。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposedHILL-CCMS and WOW-CCMS make great improvement over HILL and WOW methods under 5 embeddingrates in resisting state-of-the-art color steganalytic methods such as CRM and SCCRM.

zh-cn	双向长短时记忆模型(BLSTM)由于其强大的时间序列建模能力，以及良好的训练稳定性，已经成为语音识别领域主流的声学模型结构。
en-us	Bi-direction Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) model is widely used in large scale acoustic modeling recently. It is superior to many other neural networks on performance and stability.

zh-cn	但是该模型结构很容易过拟合。在实际应用中，通常会使用一些技巧来缓解过拟合问题，例如在待优化的目标函数中加入L2正则项就是常用的方法之一。
en-us	However, one of the biggest problem of BLSTM is overfitting, there are some common ways to get over it, for example, multitask learning, L2 model regularization.

zh-cn	该文提出一种空间平滑的方法，把BLSTM模型激活值的向量重组成一个2维图，通过滤波变换得到它的空间信息，并将平滑该空间信息作为辅助优化目标，与传统的损失函数一起，作为优化神经网络参数的学习准则。
en-us	A method of spatial smoothing is proposed on BLSTM model to relieve the overfitting problem.First, the activations on the hidden layer are reorganized to a 2-D grid, then a filter transform is used to induce smoothness over the grid, finally adding the smooth information to the objective function, to train a BLSTM network.

zh-cn	实验表明，在电话交谈语音识别任务上，这种方法相比于基线模型取得了相对4%的词错误率(WER)下降。进一步探索了L2范数正则技术和空间平滑方法的互补性，实验结果表明，同时应用这2种算法，能够取得相对8.6%的WER下降。
en-us	Experiment results show that the proposed spatial smoothing way achieves 4% relative reduction onWord Error Ratio (WER), when adding the L2 norm to model, which can lower the relative WER by 8.6%jointly.

zh-cn	为了实现四表(水，电，气，热)集抄行业之间的业务数据隔离，提升本地网络的稳定性和覆盖能力，该文提出四表集抄通信网络虚拟化方案。
en-us	In order to achieve service data isolation in advanced metering Infrastructure for water, electricity,gas, and heat Meters and improve the stability and coverage of local data collection network, a network virtualization scheme of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is proposed.

zh-cn	该方案采用虚拟接入点名称(APN)技术以及软件定义网络(SDN)切片技术构成端到端隔离的业务数据采集通道；
en-us	In this scheme, the end-to-end isolated service data collection channels are constructed utilizing virtual Access Point Name (APN) and Software Defined Network (SDN) slice technology.

zh-cn	采用微功率无线和低压电力线载波构成实时可靠的本地双模虚拟网络，进一步提出基于全局链路状态和分层迭代的组网算法。
en-us	The micro-power wireless and low-voltage power line carriers are used to constructed a real-time and reliable local dual mode virtual network. Furthermore, the networking algorithm based on global link-state and hierarchical iterative algorithm are proposed.

zh-cn	仿真及现场验证结果表明，该方案降低了采集数据的丢包率和传输时延，提高业务支撑能力，保障行业之间的业务数据隔离，提升通信网络基础设施复用能力。
en-us	The simulation and experiments show the packet loss rate and transmission delay of collected data are decreased utilizing the proposed scheme, and business support capability is improved. Moreover, the service data isolation is implemented in AMI for water, electricity, gas, and heat Meters and multiplexing ability of communication network infrastructure is improved.

zh-cn	Luby变换(LT)码作为一种抗干扰编码技术，应用于认知无线电系统，可提高次用户数据传输的可靠性。
en-us	As an efficient anti-interference technique, Luby Transform (LT) codes are applied to cognitive radiosystems for reliable data transmission of secondary users.

zh-cn	编译码是影响LT码抗干扰性能的关键因素。
en-us	Encoding and decoding are critical issue for the anti-interference performance of LT codes.

zh-cn	为提高数据传输的可靠性和速度，该文提出一种适用于认知无线电系统的LT码联合泊松鲁棒孤子分布-叠层(CPRSD-H)编译码算法。
en-us	To improve the reliability and speed of data transmission, a novelencoding and decoding method Combined Poisson Robust Soliton Distribution-Hierarchical (CPRSD-H) for LTcodes is proposed to apply to cognitive radio systems.

zh-cn	编码过程中，编码器首先采用CPRSD进行编码产生编码分组和编码矩阵，随后通过编码矩阵中度数为1和度数为2对应的列向量携带双层信息：度数为1和度数为2的编码分组和与其相连接的输入分组的连接关系；部分原始数据信息。
en-us	In the process of encoding, the encoder first producesencoded symbols and generator matrix based on CPRSD, and then uses column vectors corresponding todegree–1 and degree–2 in the generator matrix to carry dual information: the relationship between the degree–1and degree–2 encoded symbols and their connected input symbols; and part of the original data.

zh-cn	译码过程中，译码器首先通过第1层存储信息采用置信传播(BP)算法译码完成，随后一些未被成功译出的信息再通过第2层存储信息进行填补。
en-us	Contrarily, in the decoding process, the decoder first uses the Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm to decode by the first information, and then correct some unrecovered bits by the second information.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，将CPRSD-H编译码算法应用于认知无线电系统中，能够显著降低LT码的误比特率(BER)，提高次用户有效吞吐量以及加快LT码编译码速度。
en-us	Simulation results show thatthe proposed method CPRSD-H and application to cognitive radio systems can significantly reduce the BitError Rate (BER) of LT codes, the goodput performance of secondary users and the encoding and decodingspeed of LT codes.

zh-cn	针对现有环形振荡器物理不可克隆函数(ROPUF)设计存在的可靠性和唯一性不高，导致在应用时安全性较差的问题，该文提出面向ROPUF的统计模型，定量分析了可靠性和唯一性的影响因素，发现增大延迟差能够提高可靠性，减小环形振荡器(RO)单元间的工艺差异可以提高唯一性。
en-us	The existing Ring Oscillator (RO) Physical Unclonable Function (ROPUF) design has low reliabilityand uniqueness, resulting in poor application security. A statistical model for ROPUF is proposed, the factorsof reliability and uniqueness are quantitatively analyzed, it is found that the larger delay difference can improvethe reliability, and the lower process difference between RO units can improve the uniqueness.

zh-cn	根据该模型结论，设计了基于mesh拓扑结构的动态RO单元，结合RO阵列频率分布特性，设计了一种新的频率排序算法，以增大延迟差和减小RO单元的工艺差异，从而提高ROPUF的可靠性和唯一性。
en-us	According to theconclusion of the model, a dynamic RO unit is designed based on the mesh topological structure. Incombination with the frequency distribution characteristics of the RO array, a new frequency sorting algorithmis designed to increase the delay difference and reduce the process variation of the RO unit, thereby improvingthe reliability and uniqueness of ROPUF.

zh-cn	结果表明，与其他改进设计的ROPUF相比，所提设计的可靠性和唯一性具有显著优势，可达到99.642%和49.1%，且受温度变化的影响最小。
en-us	The results show that compared with other improved ROPUFdesigns, the reliability and uniqueness of the proposed design has significant advantages, which can reach99.642% and 49.1%, and temperature changes affect minimally them.

zh-cn	安全性分析证明，该文的设计具有很强的抗建模攻击能力。
en-us	It is verified by security analysis that theproposed design has strong anti-modeling attack capabilities.

zh-cn	该文提出一种用于电荷域流水线模数转换器(ADC)的高精度输入共模电平不敏感采样保持前端电路。
en-us	A high precision common mode level insensitive sample and hold front-end circuit for charge domain pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) is proposed.

zh-cn	该采样保持电路可对电荷域流水线ADC中由输入共模电平误差引起的共模电荷误差进行补偿。
en-us	The sample and hold circuit can be used to compensate the common mode charge errors caused by the variation of input common mode level in charge domain pipelined ADCs.

zh-cn	所提出的高精度输入共模电平不敏感采样保持电路被运用于一款14位210 MS/s电荷域ADC中，并在1P6M 0.18 μm CMOS工艺下实现。
en-us	Based on the proposed sample and hold circuit, a 14-bit 210 MS/s charge domain pipelined ADC is designed and realized in a 1P6M 0.18 μm CMOS process.

zh-cn	测试结果显示，该14位ADC电路在210 MS/s条件下对于30.1 MHz单音正弦输入信号得到的无杂散动态范围为85.4 dBc，信噪比为71.5 dBFS，而ADC内核功耗仅为205 mW，面积为3.2 mm2。
en-us	Test results show the 14-bit 210 MS/sADC achieves the signal-to-noise ratio of 71.5 dBFS and the spurious free dynamic range of 85.4 dBc, with30.1 MHz input single tone signal at 210 MS/s, while the ADC core consumes the power consumption of205 mW and occupies an area of 3.2 mm2.

zh-cn	密钥聚合可搜索加密不仅可以通过关键字检索密文，还可以减少用户密钥管理的代价和安全风险。
en-us	Key aggregation searchable encryption can not only retrieve ciphertext through keywords, but alsocan reduce user key management costs and security risks.

zh-cn	该文分析了一个可验证的密钥聚合可搜索加密方案，指出该方案不满足关键字猜测攻击，未经授权的内部用户可以猜测其他用户的私钥。
en-us	This paper analyzes a verifiable key aggregation searchable encryption scheme, noting that the scheme does not satisfy keyword guessing attacks, and that unauthorized internal users can guess the private keys of other users.

zh-cn	为了提高原方案的安全性，提出了云存储环境下多服务器的密钥聚合可搜索加密方案。
en-us	In order to improve the security of the original scheme, a multi-server key aggregation searchable encryption scheme is proposed in the cloud environment.

zh-cn	所提方案不仅改进了原方案的安全性问题，还增加了多服务的特性，提高了上传和存储的效率，更适合一对多的用户环境。
en-us	The new scheme not only improves the security of the original solution, but also adds multi-service features, and improves the storage and search efficiency. Therefore, it is more suitable for a one-to-manyuser environment.

zh-cn	该文设计并实现了一种小型低功耗的北斗反射信号海风海浪反演系统，
en-us	A low power and cost BeiDou-reflectometry used to retrieve Significiant Wave Height (SWH) andwind is designed and implemented.

zh-cn	针对反演精度受卫星高度角影响较大的问题，提出高度角正弦值幂指数修正方法，且为降低风速突变对风速反演的影响，对风速反演模型进行了延时修正。
en-us	To improve the retrieval accuracy, a correction method based on the power function of the elevation angle sinusoidal and a delay correlation for the rapid change of wind speed is proposed.

zh-cn	为了进一步提高反演精度，提出多星联合观测和单边滤波的方法。
en-us	Moreover, combined observation of multi-satellite signals and single-side filtering for the observable are performed to improve further the retrieval accuracy.

zh-cn	北斗反射信号海风海浪探测试验结果表明：设计和实现的反演系统具备长期稳定运行和观测的性能；
en-us	The experiment results of observating SWH and windspeed using reflected BeiDou signals show that designed and developed system could implement long-term andstable observation;

zh-cn	提出的反演模型和精度提升方法可以有效提高反演精度，有效波高和风速反演精度分别可达0.14 m和1.28 m/s，相比于Soulat等人提出的反演模型，分别提高了0.13 m和0.78 m/s。
en-us	the retrieval accuracies of SWH and wind speed retrieved by propsoed retrieval models and improvement methods of the retreival accuracy are 0.13 m and 1.28 m/s which are 0.13 m and 0.78 m/s higher than the methods proposed by Soulat et al.

zh-cn	边缘云增强光无线融合网络中，存在传统节能机制与卸载业务不匹配的问题。
en-us	In cloudlet enhanced Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) access network, there is a problem that the traditional energy saving mechanism does not match the offload traffic.

zh-cn	该文提出一种带有负载转移的光网络单元卸载协同休眠机制。
en-us	An offload collaboration sleep mechanism withload transfer is proposed.

zh-cn	通过分析当前光网络单元负载，结合无线域多跳传输时延和目标光网络单元的报告帧发送时刻，进而确定休眠和目的光网络单元完成负载转移。
en-us	By analyzing the load of the optical network unit and combining the transmission delay of the multi-hop in the wireless domain and the sending time of the report frame of the target optical network unit, the proposed mechanism can determine the sleeping and the destination optical network unit to complete load transfer.

zh-cn	然后光网络单元协同考虑边缘服务器的回传数据到达时刻和无线域控制帧的发送时刻，选取最合适的休眠时长以减少控制开销。
en-us	Then, the optical network unit jointly considers the arrival time of the returned data ofthe edge severs and the sending time of the control frame in the wireless domain to select the optimal sleepduration and reduce the controlling overhead.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提机制在有效降低网络能耗的同时能保证卸载业务的时延性能。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism caneffectively reduce the network energy consumption while ensuring the delay performance of offload traffic.

zh-cn	针对虚拟环境下底层网络中光纤的概率性故障，传统的100%保护至少需要配置一条保护路径，造成资源冗余度高和虚拟网络请求接受率低的问题，
en-us	Due to the probabilistic failure of the optical fiber of the underlying network in the virtual environment, traditional full protection configures one protection path at least which leads to high resource redundancy and low acceptance rate of the virtual network.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于安全性感知的差异化虚拟光网络的映射(SA-DVNM)策略，在链路发生故障时为差异化虚拟网络请求提供安全保证。
en-us	In this paper, a Security Awareness-based DiverseVirtual Network Mapping (SA-DVNM) strategy is proposed to provide security guarantee in the event offailures.

zh-cn	在SA-DVNM策略中，设计了一个综合考虑物理节点对之间跳数和相邻带宽大小的节点权重式避免链路映射过长，并提出路径频谱资源使用均衡的链路映射机制，最小化瓶颈链路的数量。
en-us	In SA-DVNM, the physical node weight formula is designed by considering the hops between nodes and the bandwidth of adjacent links, besides, a path-balanced link mapping mechanism is proposed to minimize the overloaded link.

zh-cn	当单路径传输失败时，SA-DVNM策略设计允许路径分割的资源分配机制，
en-us	For improving the acceptability of virtual network, SA-DVNM strategy designs a resource allocation mechanism that allows path cut when a single path is unavailable for low security.

zh-cn	为保障时延敏感业务的安全性，SA-DVNM策略在路由选择中设计了基于时延差优化的多路径路由频谱分配方法。
en-us	Considering the difference of time delay to ensure the security of delay-sensitive services, a multipath routing spectrum allocation method based on delay difference is designed to optimize the routing and spectrum allocation for SA-DVNM strategy.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明该文所提策略在概率故障环境中能够降低带宽阻塞率，提高频谱资源利用率和虚拟光网络接受率。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed SA-DVNM strategy can improve the spectrum utilization and virtual optical network acceptance rate in the probabilistic fault environment, and reduce the bandwidth blocking probability.

zh-cn	磁异常检测(MAD)是一种应用广泛的被动式目标检测方法，其应用包括水面舰船目标监测、水下移动目标及陆地目标的检测与识别等领域。
en-us	Magnetic Anomaly Detection (MAD) is a widely used passive target detection method. Its applications include surface warship target monitoring, underwater moving targets, and land target detection and identification.

zh-cn	基于地磁背景下弱磁异常信号的可靠性检测方法研究具有重要的意义，该文在研究地磁背景与磁异常信号分形特征差异的基础上，提出一种基于目标磁异常信号分形特征的单传感器检测方法，并进行实际外场试验验证。
en-us	It is of great significance to research on the reliability detection method of weak magneticanomaly signals based on geomagnetic background. This paper proposes a single sensor detection method based on the fractal characteristics of target magnetic anomaly signal based on the study of the differences in geomagnetic background and fractal characteristics of magnetic anomaly signals and conducts actual field test verification.

zh-cn	试验结果表明：该方法能准确分辨出地磁背景干扰与磁异常信号，并可以在地磁背景噪声中实现弱磁异常信号的检测。
en-us	The experimental results show that the method can accurately distinguish the geomagnetic background interference and magnetic anomaly signals, and can detect the weak magnetic anomaly signals in the geomagnetic background noise.

zh-cn	非相干散射谱对电离层各物理参数的研究具有至关重要的作用。
en-us	Incoherent scatter spectrum plays an important role in studying the physical parameters of the ionosphere.

zh-cn	现有非相干散射谱模型推导和计算较为复杂，且无法给出相应的自相关函数模型。
en-us	The conventional theoretical model of incoherent scatter spectrum for derivation and calculation is extremely complicated and the model of the autocorrelation function can not be obtained .

zh-cn	该文重新推导了电离层非相干谱的简化模型，并提出相应的自相关函数模型。
en-us	In this paper, the simplified model of ionospheric incoherent scatter spectrum is re-derived and the corresponding autocorrelation function is proposed.

zh-cn	在此基础上，针对非相干散射信号处理中零时延处距离模糊大、分辨率较低，导致自相关函数在不同时延处均衡性较差，影响电离层散射谱估计性能的问题，提出使用自相关函数模型估计零时延自相关值的数据拟合方法。
en-us	In the procedure of traditional incoherent scattering radar signal processing, the autocorrelation function is imbalance at different delays. This is mainly because the range resolution of zero-lagis very low, which affects the estimated performance of ionospheric scatter spectrum. Focus on this problem, a method based on data fitting is proposed to estimate the autocorrelation at zero-lag.

zh-cn	考虑到计算复杂度，提出利用多项式函数逼近自相关函数模型的快速实现方法。
en-us	Considering the computational complexity, a fast implementation method by polynomial functions is proposed to approach the autocorrelation function.

zh-cn	最后，通过对实测回波数据处理结果的对比分析，证明了该方法的可行性，对提高电离层探测精度具有重要意义。
en-us	Finally, experimental results on real echo data demonstrate the correctness and efficiency of the proposed method, which is of great significance for ionospheric detection.

zh-cn	传统多用户差分混沌键控主要缺点是误码率差，该文提出一种多用户降噪差分混沌键控(MU-NRDCSK)通信方案。
en-us	One of the major drawbacks of the conventional Multiuser Differential Chaos Shift Keying is the poorBit Error Rate (BER), a MultiUser Noise Reduction Differential Chaos Shift Keying (MU-NRDCSK) system is proposed.

zh-cn	在发射端，发送M/P长度混沌序列，复制P次后作为参考信号，所有用户共用同一参考信号，信息信号延迟不同的时间来区分用户。
en-us	At the transmitter, M/P chaotic samples are transmitted and then duplicated P times as a reference signal, all users share the same reference signal, and information signals are delayed by different times to distinguish different users.

zh-cn	在接收端，将接收到的信号通过滑动平均滤波器平均，再与其不同时间延迟后的信号进行相关。
en-us	At the receiver, the received signal is averaged by a moving average filter, and thenthe resultant filtered signal is correlated to different time-delated replica.

zh-cn	该方案通过降低噪声项的方差来提高系统误码性能。
en-us	The scheme can enhance theperformance of BER by reducing the variance of noise terms in the system.

zh-cn	文中推导了该方案在加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)信道和Rayleigh信道下的理论误码率公式并进行了蒙特卡洛仿真。
en-us	The theoretical BER formula of thisnew scheme is derived in Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel and Rayleigh channel.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果表明，理论公式与仿真结果能较好地吻合，MU-NRDCSK方案能较好地提高系统误码性能，在混沌通信领域具有很好的发展前景与研究价值。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and the simulation results show that the theoretical formula and the simulation result are in good agreement. The MU-NRDCSK scheme can enhance the performance of BER better and has good developmentprospects and research value in the chaotic communication field.

zh-cn	针对传统方法无法估计电磁波在植被中的穿透深度导致植被数字表面模型(DSM)反演误差较大的问题，该文提出一种高精度DSM估计方法。
en-us	The general method for inversion of Digital Surface Model (DSM) in forest region has great errorsdue to the inestimable waves’ penetration depth. For this problem, an approach to inversion of high-precisionDSM is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先通过极化干涉相干最优中最大化相位差法分离得到电磁波在植被中高、低散射相位中心的干涉相位。
en-us	First, the phases of high and low scattering phase centers of the waves in forest are obtainedby maximizing the phase separation of the coherence optimization.

zh-cn	然后提出一种归一化高、低散射相位中心高度随消光系数变化的模型，基于该模型搜索得到电磁波在植被中的最浅穿透深度。
en-us	Then, the normal height variation models ofthe high and low scattering centers with extinction factors are constructed. According to the models, the leastpenetration depth of the waves in forest is acquired.

zh-cn	最后利用干涉处理方法得到高散射相位中心的高程，将最浅穿透深度补偿到该高程中，从而提升植被区DSM估计精度。
en-us	Eventually, by implementing the interferometric technique on the phase of high scattering phase center, a coarse DSM is retrieved, and a high-precision DSM is developed by compensating the least penetration depth to the coarse one.

zh-cn	利用PolSARpro软件在不同植被种类和不同植被高度下进行仿真试验以及机载全极化数据进行实测数据试验，试验结果表明该方法能有效提高植被区DSM反演精度。
en-us	The validation of the method is investigated by simulated datasets of PolSARpro under different tree species and different forest heights and by airborne real datasets. It shows that the proposed method can improve the accuracy on the inversion of DSM effectively inforest region.

zh-cn	虚拟化技术可有效缓解当前无线传感网络(WSN)中资源利用率较低、服务不灵活的问题。
en-us	Virtualization is a new technology that can effectively solve the low resource utilization and service inflexibility problem in the current Wireless Sensor Network (WSN).

zh-cn	针对虚拟化WSN中的资源竞争问题，该文提出一种基于Stackelberg博弈的多任务资源分配策略。
en-us	For the resource competition problem invirtualized WSN, a multi-task resource allocation strategy based on Stackelberg game is proposed.

zh-cn	依据所承载业务的不同服务质量(QoS)需求，量化多个虚拟传感网络请求(VSNRs)的重要程度，
en-us	According tothe different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the business carried by Virtual Sensor Network Request(VSNR), the importance of multiple VSNRs is quantified.

zh-cn	进而，利用分布式迭代方法，获取WSN的最优价格策略和VSNRs的最优资源需求量，
en-us	Then, the optimal price of WSN and the optimalresource requirements of VSNRs are obtained by using distributed iteration method.

zh-cn	最后，根据纳什均衡所确定的最优价格、最优资源分配量，对多个VSNRs分配资源。
en-us	Finally, the resource corresponding to multiple VSNRs is acquired according to optimal price and optimal resource allocation determined by Nash equilibrium.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提策略不仅能满足用户的多样化需求，而且提升了节点和链路资源利用率。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can not only meet thediversified needs of users, but also improve the resource utilization of nodes and links.

zh-cn	针对现有调制宽带转换器亚奈奎斯特采样重构算法性能不高问题，该文提出一种基于采样值核空间的支撑重构算法和随机压缩降秩方法，将两者结合得到一种高性能采样重构算法。
en-us	To solve the low performance problem of the existing Modulated Wideband Converter (MWC)-basedsub-Nyquist sampling recovery algorithm, this paper proposes a support recovery algorithm based on the kernelspace of sampling value and a random compression rank-reduction idea. Combining them, a high-performancesampling recovery algorithm is achieved.

zh-cn	首先利用随机压缩变换在不改变未知矩阵稀疏特性的前提下将采样方程转化为多个新的多测量向量问题，
en-us	Firstly random compression transforms are used to convert thesampling equation into several new multiple-measurement-vector problems, without changing the sparsity of theunknown matrix.

zh-cn	然后利用采样值矩阵核空间与采样矩阵支撑正交的关系获取联合稀疏支撑集，最后通过伪逆完成重构。
en-us	Then the orthogonal relationship between the kernel space of sampling value and the supportvectors of sampling matrix is utilized to obtain joint sparse support set of the unknown. The final recovery is performed by the pseudo inversion.

zh-cn	从理论和实验两个方面对所提方法进行了分析和验证。
en-us	The proposed method is analyzed and verified by theory and experiment.

zh-cn	数值实验表明，与传统重构算法相比，所提算法提高了重构成功率、降低了高概率重构所需的通道数，而且重构性能总体上随压缩次数增加而提高。
en-us	Numerical experiments show that, compared with the traditional recovery algorithm, the proposal can improve the recovery success rate, and reduce the channel number required for high-probability recovery. Furthermore,in general, the recovery performance improves with the rise of compression times.

zh-cn	为了对抗恶意代码的沙箱规避行为，提高恶意代码的分析效率，该文提出基于代码进化的恶意代码沙箱规避检测技术。
en-us	In order to resist the malware sandbox evasion behavior, improve the efficiency of malware analysis, acode-evolution-based sandbox evasion technique for detecting the malware behavior is proposed.

zh-cn	提取恶意代码的静态语义信息和动态运行时信息，利用沙箱规避行为在代码进化过程中所产生的动静态语义上的差异，设计了基于相似度差异的判定算法。
en-us	The approach can effectively accomplish the detection and identification of malware by first extracting the static and dynamic features of malware software and then differentiating the variations of such features during code evolution using sandbox evasion techniques.

zh-cn	在7个实际恶意家族中共检测出240个具有沙箱规避行为的恶意样本，相比于JOE分析系统，准确率提高了12.5%，同时将误报率降低到1%，其验证了该文方法的正确性和有效性。
en-us	With the proposed algorithm, 240 malware samples with sandbox-bypassing behaviors can be uncovered successfully from 7 malware families. Compared with the JOE analysis system, the proposed algorithm improves the accuracy by 12.5% and reduces the false positive to 1%, which validates the proposed correctness and effectiveness.

zh-cn	无源被动定位是入侵者检测、环境监测以及智能交通等应用的关键问题之一。
en-us	Device-free passive localization is a key issue of the intruder detection, environmental monitoring, andintelligent transportation.

zh-cn	现有的无源被动定位方法可通过信道状态信息获取多个维度上的测量信息，但是现有方案未能充分挖掘多个信道上的频率分集以提高定位性能。
en-us	The existing device-free passive localization method can obtain the multidimensional measurement information by channel state information, but the existing scheme can not fully exploit the frequency diversity on multiple channels to improve the localization performance.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于多维测量信息的压缩感知多目标无源被动定位算法，在压缩感知框架下利用多维测量信息的频率分集提高定位精度和鲁棒性。
en-us	This paper proposes a Compressive Sensing (CS) based multi-target device-free passive localization algorithm using multidimensional measurement information. It takes advantage of the frequency diversity of multidimensional measurement information to improve the accuracy and robustness of localization results under the CS framework.

zh-cn	根据鞍面模型建立无源字典，将多目标无源被动定位问题建模成多测量向量联合稀疏恢复问题，并利用多维稀疏贝叶斯学习算法估计目标位置向量。
en-us	The dictionary is built according to the saddle surface model, and the multi-target device-free passive localization problem is modeled as a joint sparse recovery problem based on multiple measurement vectors. The target location vector is estimated based on the multiple sparse Bayesian learning algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法能有效利用多维测量信息提高定位性能。
en-us	Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can make full use of the multidimensional measurement information to improve the localization performance.

zh-cn	针对频谱监测系统中被监测信号无法控制并且没有任何先验知识，只能通过对信号被动监测，即接收与处理信号来估计信号源位置的要求，
en-us	The signal source position can only be estimated by passive monitoring of the signal in terms of thatthe signal monitored by the spectrum monitoring system can not be controlled and there is no prior knowledge.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于接收信号强度指示差值(RSSID)的定位算法，并利用卡尔曼滤波提高其定位精度。
en-us	To address this issue, based on Received Signal Strength Indication Difference (RSSID) and using Kalmanfiltering, a location algorithm is proposed to improve its localization accuracy.

zh-cn	该文将两监测站之间的RSSID转换成信号源到两监测站的距离之比，根据距离之比构造定位方程矩阵，进而利用最小二乘法求取信号源位置。
en-us	The proposed algorithm transforms the RSSID between two base stations into the ratio of the distance from the location of the signal source to the two base stations, and the distances to construct the matrix of location equations is obtained according to the ratio, and then the least square method to find the signal source position is obtained.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明：所提算法比经典RSSI定位算法性能更优，降低了环境因素对定位精度的影响，并且能更好地满足参数较少的定位服务需求，可以有效地应用于频谱监测系统中。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than the classical RSSI localization algorithm, reducing the impact of environmental factors on the positioning accuracy, and better meet the positioning service needing fewer parameters. This algorithm can be effectively applied to the spectrum monitoring system.

zh-cn	同时，卡尔曼滤波可以有效改善系统的定位精度，达到预期的定位效果。
en-us	In addition, Kalman algorithm can effectively improve the system's positioning accuracy,and achieve the expected positioning effect.

zh-cn	该文研究多用户毫米波MIMO系统的混合模数预编码器和合并器设计。
en-us	This paper investigates the design of hybrid analog and digital precoder and combiner for multi-user millimeter wave MIMO systems.

zh-cn	针对因信号传播漫散射造成的多用户间信号干扰问题，提出一种基于连续干扰消除(SIC)的鲁棒混合预编码算法。
en-us	Considering the problem of signal interference between multiple users due to diffuse scattering of signal propagation, a robust hybrid precoding algorithm based on Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) is proposed.

zh-cn	首先对信道矩阵进行正交分解，以消除来自已知用户信号的干扰，从而将含有非凸约束的多用户链路优化问题分解为多个单用户链路优化问题。
en-us	By deducing the orthogonal decomposition formula of the channel matrix to eliminate the interference from the known users’ signals, the multi-user links optimization problem with nonconvex constraints can be decompose into multiple single-user link optimization problems.

zh-cn	然后采用相位提取算法逐个求解每个用户的最优传输链路，并结合最小均方误差(MMSE)准则求得多用户混合预编码矩阵。
en-us	The phase extraction algorithm is then used to search each user’s optimal transmission link one by one, and the multi-user hybrid precoding matrix is obtained in combination with Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与现有的混合预编码算法相比，所提算法在强干扰环境下具有显著的性能优势。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has significant performance advantages compared with the existing hybrid precoding algorithms under severe interference conditions.

zh-cn	长码因其码率高、周期长的特点，是现有导航系统广泛采用的军用信号体制。
en-us	At present, long-code with the characteristic of high bit rate and long period is widely used insatellite navigation system as military signal.

zh-cn	该文针对长码间接捕获方法的不足，以及扩展复制重叠捕获算法和均值捕获算法的局限性，提出一种以优化复杂度和搜索速度为目标的，基于扩展复制重叠捕获(XFAST)和均值算法相融合的时频捕获改进方法，给出了该算法的基本原理和捕获结果。
en-us	To overcome the shortcomings of the indirect acquisition method for long-code, the limitations of the extended replication overlay acquisition algorithm and the mean acquisition algorithm, an improved time-frequency capture method based on the Extended replica Folding Acquisition Search Technique (XFAST) and the mean algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	对该算法的信噪比条件和复杂度进行了分析仿真，进一步论证了该算法应用于长码直接捕获的可行性和优良性。
en-us	The feasibility of the algorithm is simulated and the performance of the algorithm is analyzed. The simulation experiment shows the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	针对当前支持去重的属性加密方案既不支持云存储数据审计，又不支持过期用户撤销，且去重搜索和用户解密效率较低的问题，该文提出一种支持高效去重和审计的属性加密方案。
en-us	Existing attribute-based deduplication schemes can support neither auditing of cloud storage data norrevocation of expired users. On the other hand, they are less efficient for deduplication search and usersdecryption. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes an efficient deduplication and auditing Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) scheme.

zh-cn	该方案引入了第3方审计者对云存储数据的完整性进行检验，利用代理辅助用户撤销机制对过期用户进行撤销，又提出高效去重搜索树技术来提高去重搜索效率，并通过代理解密机制辅助用户解密。
en-us	A third-party auditor is introduced to verify the integrity of cloud storage data. Through an agent auxiliary user revocation mechanism, the proposed scheme supports the revocation of expired users. Effective deduplication search tree is put forward to improve the search efficiency, and the proxy decryption mechanism is used to assist users to decrypt.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明该方案通过采用混合云架构，在公有云达到IND-CPA安全性，在私有云达到PRV-CDA安全性。
en-us	Finally, the security analysis shows that the proposed scheme can achieve IND-CPA security in the public cloud and PRV-CDA security in the private cloud by resorting to the hybrid cloud architecture.

zh-cn	性能分析表明该方案的去重搜索效率更高，用户的解密计算量较小。
en-us	The performance analysis shows that the deduplication search is more efficient and the computation cost of user encryption is smaller.

zh-cn	针对已有的基于双马尔科夫链(PMC)模型的势概率假设密度(PMC-CPHD)滤波算法无法实现的问题，将PMC-CPHD算法改进为多项式形式以便于算法的实现，并给出了改进算法的高斯混合(GM)实现。
en-us	In view of the problem that the Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density (CPHD) probability hypothesis density filtering algorithm based on the Pairwise Markov Chains (PMC) model (PMC-CPHD) is not suitable for implementation, the PMC-CPHD algorithm is modified into a polynomial form to facilitate implementation, and the Gauss Mixture (GM) implementation of the improved algorithm is given.

zh-cn	实验结果表明给出的GM实现能够有效实现多目标跟踪，并且比基于PMC模型的概率假设密度(PMC-PHD)算法的GM实现提高了目标个数估计的稳定性。
en-us	The experimental results show that the given GM implementation realizes multitarget tracking effectively, and improves the stability of the target number estimation compared with the GM implementation of the probability hypothesis density filtering algorithm based on the PMC model (PMC-PHD).

zh-cn	侧信道攻击已经对高级加密标准(AES)的硬件安全造成严重威胁，如何抵御侧信道攻击成为目前亟待解决的问题。
en-us	Side channel attacks have serious threat to the hardware security of Advanced Encryption Standard(AES), how to resist the side channel attack becomes an urgent problem.

zh-cn	字节替换操作作为AES算法中唯一的非线性操作，提高其安全性对整个加密算法有重要意义。
en-us	Byte substitution operation is theonly nonlinear operation in AES algorithm, so it is very important for the whole encryption algorithm toimprove its security.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于随机加法链的AES抗侧信道攻击对策，该对策用随机加法链代替之前固定的加法链来实现有限域GF(28)上的乘法求逆操作，在此基础上研究随机加法链对算法安全性和有效性方面的影响。
en-us	In this paper, a countermeasure against side-channel attack is proposed based on random addition-chain for AES by replacing the fixed addition-chain with random addition-chain to realize the inverse operation of multiplication in a finite field GF(28). The impact of the random addition-chain on the security and effectiveness of the algorithm is studied.

zh-cn	实验表明，所提随机加法链算法比之前固定的加法链算法在抵御侧信道攻击上更加安全、有效。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed random addition-chain based algorithm is more secure and effective than the previous fixed addition-chain based algorithms indefending against side channel attacks.

zh-cn	针对5G云化接入网场景下物理网络拓扑变化引起的高时延问题，读文提出一种基于部分观察马尔可夫决策过程(POMDP)部分感知拓扑的接入网服务功能链(SFC)部署方案。
en-us	To solve problem of the high delay caused by the change of physical network topology under the 5Gaccess network C-RAN architecture, this paper proposes a scheme about dynamic deployment of ServiceFunction Chain (SFC) in access network based on Partial Observation Markov Decision Process (POMDP).

zh-cn	该方案考虑在5G接入网C-RAN架构下，通过心跳包观测机制感知底层物理网络拓扑变化，
en-us	Inthis scheme, the system observes changes of the underlying physical network topology through the heartbeatpacket observation mechanism.

zh-cn	由于存在观测误差无法获得全部真实的拓扑情况，因此采用基于POMDP的部分感知和随机学习而自适应动态调整接入网切片的SFC的部署，优化SFC在接入网侧的时延。
en-us	Due to the observation errors, it is impossible to obtain all the real topologicalconditions. Therefore, by the partial awareness and stochastic learning of POMDP, the system dynamicallyadjust the deployment of the SFC in the slice of the access network when topology changes, so as to optimizethe delay.

zh-cn	为了解决维度灾问题，采用基于点的混合启发式值迭代算法求解。
en-us	Finally, point-based hybrid heuristic value iteration algorithm is used to find SFC deploymentstrategy.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该模型可以优化部署接入网侧的SFC，并提高接入网吞吐量和资源利用率。
en-us	The simulation results show that this model can support to optimize the deployment of SFC in the access network side and improve the access network’s throughput and resource utilization.

zh-cn	针对Keystone变换在宽带阵列预处理方面的优势和常规Keystone变换存在的阵元数据缺失问题，该文将自回归模型与常规Keystone变换相结合，提出一种基于提升Keystone变换的声呐宽带自适应波束形成算法。
en-us	Keystone transform is an effective broadband array signal pre-processing method, but it has a main problem of array data missing. In order to solve this problem, an enhanced Keystone transform algorithm, which combines the autoregression model with traditional Keystone transform, is proposed in this paper for sonar broadband adaptive beamforming.

zh-cn	该算法首先将常规Keystone变换应用于宽带阵列信号的相位对齐，接着采用自回归模型对变换后各频段缺失的阵元数据进行预测补偿，最后通过稳健自适应波束形成处理获得目标方位输出结果。
en-us	After phase alignment of broadband array signal using traditionalKeystone transform, autoregression models for each frequency are constructed to compensate the missing arraydata. Then, a robust adaptive beamforming approach is utilized to obtain the target bearing results.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，基于提升Key-stone变换的宽带自适应波束形成算法性能优于常规Keystone自适应算法、指向最小方差自适应算法和聚焦自适应算法。
en-us	The results of simulation studies indicate that the proposed broadband adaptive beamforming algorithm based on enhanced Keystone transform outperforms the beamforming algorithms based on traditional Keystone transform, steered minimum variance and frequency focusing.

zh-cn	在逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像中，由距离多普勒或时频分析方法得到的ISAR图像方位向仅是目标的多普勒频率分布，不能反映目标的真实形状，需对ISAR图像进行方位定标。
en-us	For the Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) imaging, the ISAR image obtained by the Range-Doppler (RD) or time-frequency analysis methods can not display the target's real shape due to its azimuth relating to the target Doppler frequency, thus the cross-range scaling is required for ISAR image.

zh-cn	该文提出一种快速的ISAR方位定标方法来估计目标的旋转角速度(RAV)。
en-us	In this paper,a fast cross-range scaling method for ISAR is proposed to estimate the Rotational Angular Velocity (RAV).

zh-cn	首先，该方法利用高效的伪逆极坐标快速傅里叶变换把两幅不同时刻ISAR图像的旋转运动转化为沿极角的平移运动。
en-us	Firstly, the proposed method utilizes efficient Pseudo Polar Fast Fourier Transform (PPFFT) to transform therotational motion of two ISAR images from two different instant time into translation in the polar angledirection.

zh-cn	然后，在极坐标域定义了一种新的积分相关代价函数来粗估目标的RAV。
en-us	Then, a new cost function called integrated correction is defined to obtain the RAV coarseestimation.

zh-cn	最后，通过采用二分法估计得到最优的RAV，进而实现ISAR方位定标。
en-us	Finally, the optimal RAV can be estimated using the Bisection method to realize the cross-range scaling.

zh-cn	相比于现有方位定标算法，所提方法避免了插值操作带来的精度损失和高计算复杂度问题。
en-us	Compared with the available algorithms, the proposed method avoids the problems of precision loss and high computational complexity caused by interpolation operation.

zh-cn	计算机仿真和实测数据实验结果证明了所提方法的有效性。
en-us	The results of computer simulation and realdata experiments are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

zh-cn	星历误差是导致同步三星时差定位系统定位误差的主要因素，该文针对传统差分校正算法在远离参考站区域对星历误差校正精度差的问题，提出一种基于虚拟参考站(VRS)的广域差分校正算法。
en-us	A wide area difference calibration algorithm based on Virtual Reference Station (VRS) for tri-satellite Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) geolocation system is proposed to solve the problem that traditional difference calibration algorithm can not eliminate the location error caused by ephemeris error completely, especially when the emitter source is far away from the calibration station.

zh-cn	首先证明两参考信号时差的差分残差近似为两参考站连线方向的线性函数；
en-us	Firstly, TDOA measurements of theVRS, which is in the vicinity of emitter source, is estimated by using TDOA measurements of reference station.

zh-cn	然后利用已有参考站的位置信息和参考信号的时差观测值，在目标辐射源位置处通过线性拟合构造一个VRS；
en-us	Then, in order to remove the effect of ephemeris error and synchronization error on location error, TDOAmeasurements of the VRS is subtracted from that of emitter source.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相比传统差分校正算法，该方法可大范围消除星历误差对同步三星时差定位系统定位精度的影响，且定位精度可逼近CRLB。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can almost eliminate the effect of ephemeris error on location error of tri-satellite TDOA geolocation system in wide area.

zh-cn	多频带融合成像可有效提高ISAR成像的距离分辨率。
en-us	Multiband fusion imaging can effectively improve the range resolution of Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) imaging.

zh-cn	传统的ESPRIT谱估计融合算法只利用了复数观测数据本身，而没有利用其共轭数据。
en-us	The traditional Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques(ESPRIT) spectral estimation signal fusion algorithm uses only the complex measured data without using their conjugate data.

zh-cn	该文提出对合成复观测数据及其共轭的酉ESPRIT法进行调整以实现基于酉ESPRIT法的多频带融合ISAR成像。
en-us	This paper proposes to modify the unitary ESPRIT method, which is based on synthesizingcomplex observation data and its conjugate data, to achieve unitary ESPRIT based multiband fusion ISARimaging.

zh-cn	酉ESPRIT法充分利用复数观测数据信息，更有利于多频带融合的频谱估计和ISAR成像。
en-us	The unitary ESPRIT method makes full use of the information of complex observations, which is more beneficial to multiband frequency spectrum estimation and ISAR imaging.

zh-cn	针对多频带融合中目标散射点越分辨单元徙动校正的问题，调整了传统校正处理的步骤，
en-us	Furthermore, for the correction ofMigration Through Resolution Cell (MTRC) of scatterers in multiband fusion, the traditional processing flow is adjusted and optimized.

zh-cn	分别在多频带融合前进行越距离单元徙动校正和融合后进行越多普勒单元徙动校正，避免了回波中的快时间频率-慢时间耦合项以及时域相位补偿对频域融合处理的影响，从而得到效果更好的多频带融合ISAR图像。
en-us	The migration through range cell correction and the migration through Doppler cell correction are performed before and after the multiband fusion respectively, which avoids the influence of the fast time frequency - slow time coupling in the echo and the phase compensation on the spectrum fusion processing, thereby a better multiband fusion ISAR image is obtained.

zh-cn	仿真和实测数据结果表明所提方法不但能得到高质量的融合ISAR图像，也具有更优的抗噪性能和更高的运算效率。
en-us	Simulation and real data experimentalresults show that the proposed methods can not only get high quality ISAR images, but also have goodantinoise performance and higher computational efficiency.

zh-cn	准确估计无人机旋翼转动频率对于无人机的检测与识别具有重要意义。
en-us	Accurately estimating rotor rotation frequency of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is of great significance for UAV detection and recognition.

zh-cn	该文针对调频连续波雷达的无人机目标回波模型，提出一种自相关-倒谱联合分析的无人机旋翼转动频率估计方法，推导了无人机旋翼转动频率与雷达回波倒谱输出中周期性时延的映射关系，通过加权均衡能够更有效地估计多旋翼无人机旋翼转动频率，弥补了传统方法的不足。
en-us	For the UAV target echo model of LFMCW (Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) radar, this paper proposes an auto-correlation and cepstrum to estimate therotor rotation frequency of UAV, which derives the mapping relationship between the rotor rotation frequency of UAV and the periodic delay in the radar echo cepstrum output, and more effectively estimates the rotorfrequency of multi-rotor UAV by weighted equilibrium, making up for the shortages of traditional methods.

zh-cn	通过仿真和实际场景实验验证了方法的有效性。
en-us	The effectiveness of the method is verified by simulation and real scene experiments.

zh-cn	该文根据干涉式逆合成孔径雷达(InISAR)中多天线干涉处理的思想，提出一种基于L型3天线模型的空间旋转目标3维成像与3维微动特征提取方法。
en-us	Inspired by the idea of multi-antenna interferometric processing in Interferometric Inverse SyntheticAperture Radar (InISAR), by utilizing an L-shaped three-antenna imaging model, a Three-Dimensional (3-D)interferometric imaging and micro-motion feature extraction method for rotating space targets is proposed.

zh-cn	将微多普勒效应理论与多天线干涉处理技术相结合，在时频面上通过Viterbi算法分离散射点并进行干涉处理获取目标在各时刻沿基线方向的2维投影坐标；
en-us	Based on the integration of micro-Doppler (m-D) effect theory and multi-antenna interferometry processing technology, the m-D curves corresponding to different scatterers are obtained on the time-frequency plane and separated via Viterbi algorithm effectively, and then the projected coordinates of scatterers along the direction of baselines are reconstructed by interferometric processing.

zh-cn	根据目标微动特性，采用非迭代椭圆拟合方法重构出散射点的高度维信息，实现目标的真实3维成像，并在成像过程中提取目标的3维微动特征参数。
en-us	The height information of scatterers is solved by ellipse fitting, and 3-D imaging for the rotating space target is realized. Meanwhile, some 3-D micro-motion features are exactly extracted during imaging.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性与鲁棒性。
en-us	Simulation results validate the effectiveness and the robustness of the method.

zh-cn	针对同时同频全双工双向中继网络，该文提出一种对中继剩余自干扰信号具有鲁棒性的双向中继传输方案。
en-us	For the full-duplex two-way relay network, a two-way relay transmission scheme that is robust to therelay residual self-interference signal is proposed.

zh-cn	该文首先对中继剩余自干扰信号进行分析，将无限迭代的剩余自干扰信号建模成等效多径信号，并利用OFDM的循环前缀对抗等效多径现象，以降低中继剩余自干扰信号对系统传输性能的影响。
en-us	Firstly, the residual self-interference signal of the relay is analyzed, the infinite self-interfering signal is modeled as an equivalent multipath signal, and the cyclic prefix of OFDM is used to combat the equivalent multipath phenomenon to reduce the residual self-interference signal impact.

zh-cn	在等效多径方案的基础上，以系统信干噪比最大化为目标，推导出全双工双向中继传输的最佳放大因子求解方法。
en-us	Based on the equivalent multipath scheme, the paper aims at maximizing the SINR of the system, and deduces the optimal amplification factor solving method of the relay in bidirectional full-duplex relay transmission.

zh-cn	最后，通过仿真验证所提出的双向中继传输方案的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the simulation verifies the correctness of the optimal amplification factor of relay, and the effectiveness of the proposed two-way relay transmission scheme is verified through simulation.

zh-cn	该文主要研究一种面向到达时间差(TDOA)被动定位的定位节点选择方法。
en-us	This paper focuses on the sensor selection optimization problem in Time Difference Of Arrival(TDOA) passive localization scenario.

zh-cn	首先，通过经典的闭式解析算法将TDOA非线性方程转化为伪线性方程，并使用位置误差的协方差矩阵来度量定位精度。
en-us	Firstly, the localization accuracy metric is given by the error covariancematrix of classical closed-form solution, which is introduced to convert the TDOA nonlinear equations intopseudo linear equations.

zh-cn	其次，在可用节点数量给定的条件下，在数学上将定位节点选择问题转化为最小化位置误差协方差矩阵的迹这一非凸优化问题。
en-us	Secondly, the problem of sensor selection can be mathematically transformed into the non-convex optimization problem, to minimize the trace of localization error covariance matrix under the condition that the number of active sensors is given.

zh-cn	然后，将非凸优化问题凸松弛并化为半正定规划问题，从而快速有效地求解出最优的定位节点组合。
en-us	Then, the non-convex optimization problem is relaxed and transformed into a positive semi-definite programming problem so that the optimal subset of positioning nodes can be solved quickly and effectively.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提节点优选方法的性能非常接近穷尽搜索方法，而且克服了穷尽搜索方法运算复杂度高、时效性差的不足，从而验证了所提方法的有效性。
en-us	Simulation results validate that the performance of proposed sensorselection method is very close to the exhausted-search method, and overcomes the shortcomings of the highcomputation complexity and poor timeliness of the exhausted-search method.

zh-cn	工作负载分配不均是制约众核密码平台资源利用率提高的重要因素，动态负载分配可提高平台资源利用率，但具有一定开销；
en-us	Imbalanced workload distribution results in low resource utilization of many-core crypto-platform. Dynamic workload allocation can improve the resource utilization with some overhead.

zh-cn	所以更高的负载均衡频率并不一定带来更高的负载均衡增益。
en-us	Therefore, a higher frequency of workload balancing is not equivalent to higher gains.

zh-cn	因此，该文建立了关于负载均衡增益率与负载均衡频率的数学模型。
en-us	This paper establishes a mathematical modelfor gain rate and frequency of workload balancing.

zh-cn	基于模型，提出一种面向众核密码平台的无冲突负载均衡策略和一种基于硬件作业队列的“可扩展-可移植”负载均衡引擎——“簇间微网络-簇内环阵列”。
en-us	Based on this model, a collision-free workload balancing policy is proposed for many-core crypto systems, and a hierarchical "expandable-portable" engine is put forward, which consists of "Inter-cluster micro-network and intra-cluster ring-array" adopting hardware job queue technology.

zh-cn	实验证明：在性能、延时功耗积、资源利用率和负载均衡度方面，该文设计的负载均衡引擎与基于“作业窃取”的软件技术相比平均优化约4.06倍、7.17倍、23.01%和2.15倍；
en-us	Experiment results show that the proposed workload-balancing engine is 4.06, 7.17, 23.01% and2.15 times higher than the software technology based on “job stealing” in terms of performance, delay powerconsumption, resource utilization and workload balance;

zh-cn	与基于“作业窃取”的硬件技术相比约优化1.75倍、2.45倍、10.2%、和1.41倍；
en-us	1.75, 2.45, 10.2%, and 1.41 times better compared withthe hardware technology based on "job stealing".

zh-cn	与理想硬件技术相比，密码算法吞吐率平均只降低了约5.67%(最低3%)。
en-us	By contrast with the ideal hardware technology, the average throughput of encryption algorithms is only decreased by 5.67% (the lowest 3%).

zh-cn	实验结果表明该文技术具有良好的可扩展性和可移植性。
en-us	The experiment also proves the scalability and portability of the proposed technique.

zh-cn	针对现有的适用于2维阵列的无格稀疏波达方向(DOA)估计方法性能不足的问题，该文提出一种新的方法。
en-us	For the fact that current gridless Direction Of Arrival (DOA) estimation methods with two-dimensional array suffer from unsatisfactory performance, a novel girdless DOA estimation method is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	对2维阵列，从原子L0范数出发，证明其值等于一个以矩阵秩为目标函数的半定规划(SDP)问题的最优解。对该矩阵使用第1类有限阶贝塞尔函数近似表达，构造新的秩优化SDP问题。
en-us	For two-dimensional array, the atomic L0-norm is proved to be the solution of a Semi-Definite Programming (SDP) problem, whose cost function is the rank of a Hermitian matrix, which is constructed by finite order of Bessel functions of the first kind.

zh-cn	根据低秩矩阵恢复理论，对该SDP问题的目标函数使用log-det函数方法平滑替代，然后使用优化最小(MM)算法求解，
en-us	According to low rank matrix recovery theorems, the costfunction of the SDP problem is replaced by the log-det function, and the SDP problem is solved byMajorization-Minimization (MM) method.

zh-cn	最后通过(半)正定Toep-litz矩阵的范德蒙分解方法实现无格DOA估计。
en-us	At last, the gridless DOA estimation is achieved by Vandermonde decomposition method of semidefinite Toeplitz matrix built by the solutions of above SDP problem.

zh-cn	在MM算法求解模型时，使用样本协方差矩阵构造初始优化问题，减少算法迭代。
en-us	Sample covariance matrix is used to form the initial optimization problem in MM method, which can reduce the iterations.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，相较于基于网格的MUSIC和其他无格DOA估计方法，该文方法具有更好的均方根误差(RMSE)性能与对相邻源的分辨能力；
en-us	Simulation results show that, compared with on-grid MUSIC and other gridless methods, the proposed method has better Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) performance and identifiability to adjacent sources;

zh-cn	在快拍数充足且信噪比(SNR)较高时，适当的第1类贝塞尔函数阶数选择可以实现与较大阶数接近的RMSE性能，同时能减少运行时间。
en-us	When snapshots are enough and Signal-Noise-Ratio (SNR) is high, proper choice of the order of Bessel functions of the first kind can achieve approximate RMSE performance as that of higher order ones, and can reduce the running time.

zh-cn	针对传统涡轮式肺活量计存在检测精度不高、可靠性差的问题，该文提出一种新颖的四线涡轮式检测方法，研制了一款高精度、高可靠性的慢阻肺监护系统。
en-us	To improve accuracy and reliability of the traditional turbine-vital capacity meter, a novel four-line turbine-detection method is presented for the high precision and high reliability Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) monitoring system.

zh-cn	在硬件上，根据四线涡轮式检测方法设计了四线式呼气采集电路，提高了光路接收分辨率，并通过合理的元器件布置，减少了发光-光敏二极管相互间串扰，提高了系统的可靠性；
en-us	On the hardware, a four-line breath signal acquisition circuit is designed following the four-line turbine-type detection method, which improves the resolution of the optical path through reasonable components arrangement.

zh-cn	在软件上，采用线性回归算法对其脉冲计数与分析得到用力肺活量、峰值流速等早期筛查与诊断指标。
en-us	On the software, a linear regression algorithm is used toobtain early screening and diagnostic indicators such as Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Peak Expiratory Flow(PEF) and so on.

zh-cn	该系统利用标准Fluke气流分析仪的进行了数据标定，与传统医用涡轮式肺功能仪测试对比：用力肺活量平均相对误差由1.98%降低至1.47%；峰值流速平均相对误差由2.04%降低至1.02%。
en-us	The standard Fluke air flow analyzer is used for data calibration, compared with thetraditional medical turbine-type lung function meter: FVC average relative error is reduced from 1.98% to1.47% and PEF average relative error is reduced from 2.04% to 1.02%.

zh-cn	实验表明，四线涡轮式慢阻肺监护系统的呼气指标比传统慢阻肺系统检测精度更高，可靠性更好，适用于慢阻肺疾病的早期筛查与精准诊断，
en-us	It is showed that the expiratoryparameters of the four-line turbine-type COPD monitoring system is more accurate and reliable than that of the traditional COPD system which is suitable for early screening and accurate diagnosis of COPD.

zh-cn	结合血氧饱和度、呼气末二氧化碳等指标，能实现对慢阻肺患者的医疗监护，特别对于中度和重度慢阻肺患者能起到预警和控制病情的作用。
en-us	Combined with pulse oxygen saturation, End-tidal CO2, it can be used to achieve the medical care for COPD and play an important role to early detect and control of disease for moderate or severe COPD patients.

zh-cn	为了提高行人重识别距离度量MLAPG算法的鲁棒性，该文提出基于等距度量学习策略的行人重识别Equid-MLAPG算法。
en-us	In order to improve the robustness of MLAPG algorithm, a person re-identification algorithm, called Equid-MLAPG algorithm is proposed, which is based on the equidistance measurement learning strategy.

zh-cn	MLAPG算法中正负样本对在映射空间的分布不均衡导致间距超参数受负样本对距离影响更大，
en-us	Due to the imbalanced distribution of positive and negative sample pairs in the mapping space, sample spacing hyper-parameter of MLAPG algorithm is more affected by the distance of negative sample pairs.

zh-cn	因此该文设计的Equid-MLAPG算法要求正样本对映射成为变换空间中的一个点，即正样本对在变换空间中距离为零，使算法收敛时正负样本对距离分布不存在交叉部分。
en-us	Therefore,Equid-MLAPG algorithm tends to map the positive sample pair to be a point in the transform space. That is,the distance of a positive sample pair in the transform space is mapped to be zero, resulting in no intersectionin the distribution of positive and negative sample pairs in the transform space when algorithm convergences.

zh-cn	实验表明Equid-MLAPG算法能在常用的行人重识别数据集上取得良好的实验效果，具有更好的识别率和广泛的适用性。
en-us	Experiments show that the Equid-MLAPG algorithm can achieve better experimental results on commonly used person re-identification datasets with better recognition rate and wide applicability.

zh-cn	针对软件定义网络(SDN)/网络功能虚拟化(NFV)环境下服务链映射难以兼顾效率与物理资源利用率的问题，该文提出一种基于匹配博弈的服务链协同映射方法。
en-us	Considering that it is difficult to balance efficiency and resource utilization of Service Chain (SC)mapping problem in Software Defined Network (SDN)/Network Function Virtualization (NFV) environment, this paper proposes a collaborative mapping method for SC based on matching game.

zh-cn	首先，以最大化网络资源效用为目标，建立服务链映射模型MUSCM；
en-us	Firstly, it defines a SCmapping model named MUSCM to maximize the utility of network resources.

zh-cn	然后，分虚拟网络功能(VNF)部署和组链两个部分解决服务链映射问题，
en-us	Secondly, it divides the SCmapping problem into Virtual Network Function (VNF) deployment and connection parts.

zh-cn	VNF部署部分，设计基于多对一匹配博弈理论的算法协同服务链和服务节点双方互相进行选择，有效提升了服务链的映射效率和物理资源的利用率，
en-us	As for the VNF deployment part, an algorithm is designed to collaborate the selection of the SC and the service node based on many-to-one matching game, improving the mapping efficiency of SC and utilization of physical resource effectively.

zh-cn	在此基础上，设计基于分段路由策略的算法实现各VNF实例间的流量牵引以完成VNF组链，有效降低了链路传输时延。
en-us	On the basis of it, an algorithm is designed based on segment routing strategy to accomplish the traffic steering between VNF instances to finish the VNF connection part, reducing the link transmission delay effectively.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与经典算法相比，该算法在保证映射请求接受率的同时，有效降低了服务链的平均传输延时，提升了系统的物理资源利用率。
en-us	The experiment result shows that, compared with the classical algorithm, this algorithm ensures the mapping request received rate, and at the same time, it reduces the average transmission delay of the service chain and improves the physical resources utilization of the system effectively.

zh-cn	缝隙等表面缺陷类目标对飞行器的隐身性能具有重要影响。
en-us	Surface defects such as gaps have a significant impact on the stealth performance of the aircraft.

zh-cn	根据缝隙等表面缺陷类目标的散射机理，该文提出一种载体背景对消方法，用于评估表面缺陷类目标散射。
en-us	According to the scattering mechanism of surface defects such as gaps, a method of evaluating the surface defect targets based on vector cancellation is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法将载体作为目标背景的一部分，通过矢量场相减的方式对消掉载体的自身散射影响，特别是载体强散射角域的散射影响，从而获得了全角域范围内表面缺陷类目标的散射特性数据，解决了使用常规方法目标受载体影响无法获得完整散射特性的问题。
en-us	The carrier is regarded as the target background and is subtracted the scattering effect of the carrier, especially the strong scattering angle of the carrier, and then the scattering characteristic data of the surface defect class target in the whole angle range are obtained, which solves the problem that the complete scattering characteristic can not be obtained using the conventional method.

zh-cn	通过数值计算和实验测量的结果对比表明：该方法可以对缺陷类目标的电磁散射特性进行有效评估。
en-us	The comparison between the numerical calculation and the experimental results shows that the vector cancellation method can effectively evaluate the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of defective targets.

zh-cn	对消后载体散射得到了极大程度的降低，有效提高了缺陷类目标的计算或测量精度；
en-us	After vector cancellation, the scattering of the carrier is greatly reduced, and the calculation or measurement accuracy of the defective target is effectively improved.

zh-cn	同时由于排除载体自身散射的影响，避免了对载体尺寸、超低散射特性的要求，有效降低了载体的加工设计成本。
en-us	At the same time, due to reducing the influence of the scattering of the carrier itself, this method avoids the requirement of the carrier size and ultra-low scattering characteristics, and reduces effectively the processing cost of the carrier.

zh-cn	成对载波多址复用(PCMA)混合信号单通道盲分离性能界是衡量混合信号可分离程度以及分离算法性能的标准。
en-us	Blind separation performance bound of Paired Carrier Multiple Access (PCMA) mixed signal is a measure of the separability of mixed signals and the performance of the separation algorithm.

zh-cn	针对PCMA混合信号，从发送信号模型出发构造调制信号比特与符号的空间映射，利用最大似然准则推导与混合信号分离算法无关的分离性能下界表达式，
en-us	For the PCMA mixed signal, the spatial mapping of the modulation signal bits and symbols is constructed from the transmit signal model. The maximum likelihood criterion is used to derive the lower bound expression of separation performance independent of the separation algorithm.

zh-cn	数值计算结果与理想情况下Viterbi仿真结果吻合，验证了所推导性能界的合理性。
en-us	Numerical results agree well with the Viterbi simulation results under ideal conditions, which verify the rationality of the derived performance boundaries.

zh-cn	针对基于加性噪声模型的单信标测距定位算法不能精确表征距离观测量的实际特征，存在模型失配的问题，该文给出一种考虑乘性噪声特性的联合最小二乘法和非线性渐消滤波的两步定位算法。
en-us	Single beacon location algorithm based on additive noise model can not accurately represent theactual characteristics of distance measurement, leading to a problem of model mismatch. A two step location algorithm considering the multiplicative noise characteristics is presented, which combines least squares algorithm and nonlinear fading filter.

zh-cn	在分析有效声速误差与距离观测量乘性噪声内在联系的基础上，建立了乘性噪声背景下的测距误差模型，
en-us	A range error model in the background of multiplicative noise is established based on the analysis of the effective sound velocity error.

zh-cn	通过引入一种新的弱化因子计算方法对乘性噪声背景下带单重渐消因子的非线性渐消滤波算法进行了改进，
en-us	The nonlinear fading filtering algorithm with single fading factor under multiplicative noise background is improved by introducing the attenuation factor which increases the track continuity.

zh-cn	利用基于最小二乘法的预定位过程解决改进算法对初值敏感的问题。
en-us	Using the least squares based pre-location process to solve theproblem that the improved algorithm is sensitive to the initial value.

zh-cn	仿真及试验数据表明该算法在水下航行器接近信标的态势下定位精度明显优于加性噪声背景下的扩展卡尔曼滤波算法。
en-us	The simulation and experimental data show that the location precision of the proposed algorithm is obviously better than the extended Kalman filtering algorithm under the additive noise background.

zh-cn	面对高速发展的互联网应用，传统的路由与频谱分配(RSA)问题迎来新的挑战。
en-us	Oriented to the high-rapid development of Internet applications, new challenges are encountered bythe conventional Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA).

zh-cn	融合降级服务(DS)技术的弹性光网络无疑为降低业务阻塞率，提高用户体验质量(QoE)提供了新方向。
en-us	A new direction for the blocking rate reduction and the Quality of Experience (QoE) assurance is provided to the Elastic Optical Network (EON) integrated by Degraded Service (DS) technology.

zh-cn	该文首先针对频谱资源的低效利用和DS导致的业务收益下降问题，建立以最小化频谱消耗和最小化DS等级、频次为联合优化目标的RSA问题的混合整数线性规划模型。
en-us	Due to the inefficiency of spectrum resources and the revenue decline causedby DS, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is proposed with a joint objective that minimizes both spectrum consumption and the priorities and DS frequency of online services.

zh-cn	随后，提出一种基于区分DS和自适应调制的动态RSA算法。该算法考虑业务等级的差异化，并整合自适应调制和DS技术。
en-us	A dynamic RSA algorithmbased on differentiated DS and adaptive modulation is proposed, which considers service-priority differentiation,the adaptive modulation and DS technology.

zh-cn	同时，设计区分业务等级的DS损失函数及DS窗口选择策略，为即将受阻业务分配理想的频谱位置和资源。
en-us	Meanwhile, DS loss function and DS window selection strategy are designed to differentiate service levels, and ideal spectrum location and resource are assigned for the impending blocked services.

zh-cn	此外，设计考虑频谱与收益均衡关系的网络收益函数，达到频谱资源高效利用，减少降级影响，提升网络收益的目的。
en-us	The network revenue function considering the relationship between spectrum and revenue balance is designed to achieve efficient utilization of spectrum resources, reduce the impact of degradation, and enhance network revenue.

zh-cn	最后，仿真验证了所提算法在业务阻塞率和网络收益等方面的优势。
en-us	The simulation results verify the advantages of the proposed algorithm in terms ofblocking rate, network profit, etc.

zh-cn	针对多约束稀布矩形阵列天线的优化设计问题，该文提出一种新的矩阵映射(NMM)方法。
en-us	A Novel Matrix Mapping (NMM) method is proposed for the synthesis of sparse rectangular arrayswith multiple constraints.

zh-cn	首先，综合考虑阵元的可分布范围与可分布数量，重新定义阵元坐标矩阵的维数以提高阵元分布的自由度。
en-us	Firstly, the sizes of element coordinate matrices are resized to improve the Degree OfFreedom (DOF) of elements by taking account of both placeable number and distributable range of elements.

zh-cn	其次，当坐标矩阵定义的阵元数量大于实际阵元数量时，建立选择矩阵以确定各阵元的取舍。
en-us	Then, a selection matrix is established to determine which elements should be turned off when the coordinate matrices should be thinned.

zh-cn	再次，针对现有矩阵映射方法无法完全避免不可行解的问题，构建了一种NMM方法，通过两种不同的矩阵映射函数将多约束优化问题转换为无约束优化问题。
en-us	By establishing two different mapping functions, a NMM method is presented to overcome the drawbacks of existing methods in terms of flexibility and effectiveness.

zh-cn	最后进行仿真对比实验，实验结果证明了算法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, comparison experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	针对电子测量中如何对基频较高而频率变化值较小的动态信号进行高精度频率测量的问题，引入了差频测量的方法。
en-us	The numerical validation points out that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods in the design of sparse rectangular arrays. For the problem of high precision frequency measurement of dynamic signals with high fundamental frequency and small frequency change value in electronic measurement, a method of differential frequency measurement is introduced.

zh-cn	该文提出一种新型的动态可调的多级差频电路结构，设计了基于FPGA的快速差频测量系统，通过在FPGA上设计快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法来实现系统的数据处理功能。
en-us	A novel dynamic adjustable multi-stage frequency-difference circuit structure isproposed. The fast differential frequency measurement system based on FPGA is used to design the FastFourier Transform (FFT) algorithm on the FPGA to realize the data processing function of the system.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，在满足差频条件的基础上，合理设计多级差频电路的结构能够实现高精度频率测量，在进行信号频谱分析时能得到较为准确的结果。
en-us	The simulation and experimental results show that the structure of the multi-stage differential frequency circuit can be designed with high precision frequency, and the result can be obtained when the spectrum analysis is carried out.

zh-cn	实验验证了该测量系统能够实现快速FFT运算，相比于MATLAB软件平台，在数据处理效率上有明显的优势；
en-us	The system can realize the fast FFT operation. Compared with the MATLAB software platform, the system has obvious advantages in the efficiency of data processing.

zh-cn	同时在性能指标满足数据采集要求的前提下，系统可动态调整FFT模型的结构来适应不同规模点数FFT运算的需求。
en-us	The structure of the FFT model can be dynamically adjusted to meet the requirements of FFT operation of different scale points, and the system performance index can meet the requirements of data acquisition system.

zh-cn	针对预警雷达情报质量评估中，模糊因素影响评估有效性的问题，该文提出一种基于非对称贴近度的预警雷达情报质量分析评估方法。
en-us	Considering the limits of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on quality of early warning radar intelligence in actual training, a method of quality evaluation on radar intelligence based on the theory of asymmetric proximity and multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is proposed.

zh-cn	分析预警雷达情报获取、传输和作战运用环境特点，从及时性、准确性、完整性、连续性和客观性等6个方面构建其质量评估指标体系，进而建立因素集、评语集和权重集，利用非对称贴近度对其进行模糊综合评估。
en-us	Through the analysis of the producing, transmission, using environmental factors of early warning radar intelligence, the evaluating metric of quality evaluation on radar intelligence integrated for six classes, that are timely, accuracy, completeness, continuity, objectiveness and so on, and then factor set, weight set, and comment set are established, and thequality of the radar intelligence based on the asymmetric proximity with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is carried out.

zh-cn	该研究方法和结论可有效分析评判预警雷达情报质量，也能帮助发现影响情报质量优劣的瓶颈与短板，还可为解决复杂作战环境下预警雷达情报质量评估与分析等问题研究提供一定借鉴。
en-us	This researching methods and results not only can take comprehensive evaluations of a certainquality of radar intelligence, help for finding out the factors to determine the quality of the radar intelligence,but also can fight for providing certain reference to solve complex environment of radar intelligence ofoperational effectiveness evaluation problem.

zh-cn	针对雷达与电子支援设施(ESM)存在系统误差、上报目标不完全一致等复杂场景下目标航迹关联问题，该文基于高斯随机矢量统计特性，提出一种基于航迹矢量检测的雷达与ESM航迹抗差关联算法。
en-us	To address track-to-track association problem of radar and Electronic Support Measurements (ESM)in the presence of sensor biases and different targets reported by different sensors, an anti-bias track-to-track association algorithm based on track vectors detection is proposed according to the statistical characteristics of Gaussian random vectors.

zh-cn	首先在修正极坐标系(MPC)下推导目标状态估计分解方程，采用真实状态对消的方法得到航迹矢量，为剔除大部分非同源目标航迹，构建方位角变化率-距离变化率与距离比(ITG)统计量进行粗关联，
en-us	The state estimation decomposition equation is firstly derived in the Modified PolarCoordinates (MPC). The track vectors are obtained by the real state cancellation method. Second, In order toeliminate most non-homologous target tracks, the rough association is performed according to the features ofthe azimuthal rate and Inverse-Time-to-Go (ITG).

zh-cn	然后采用基于航迹矢量检验的方法实现雷达与ESM的航迹关联。
en-us	Finally, the track-to-track association of radar and ESM isextracted based on track vectors chi-square distribution.

zh-cn	最后通过实验仿真验证了该文算法在不同系统误差、目标密度、检测概率等环境下的有效性。
en-us	The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are verified by Monte Carlo simulation experiments in the presence of sensor biases, targets densities and detection probabilities.

zh-cn	针对复杂电磁环境电磁干扰复杂度定性与定量评估问题，该文提出一种基于快速S变换时频空间模型的复杂度评估方法。利用快速S变换方法同步提取时域占用度、频域占用度和能量占用度等评估指标，给出了具体计算方法。
en-us	For qualitative and quantitative complex evaluation problem of electromagnetic environment. This paper proposes a novel electromagnetic environment complex evaluation algorithm based on fast S-transformand time-frequency space model, which can count time-complex, frequency-complex and energy-complex simultaneously.

zh-cn	在此基础上建立快速S变换时频空间评估模型，将时域、频域和能量域3维向量的F范数和均方根作为电磁环境主观复杂度和客观复杂度评估指标，克服了传统电磁干扰复杂度评估独立参数定级不能全面反映电磁干扰整体特性的局限性。
en-us	Meanwhile, the computation methods and concept of qualitative and quantitative evaluation degree are introduced. To overcome the limitations of the traditional methods, F-norm and root-mean-squareare selected as two important evaluation indicators, which have the advantage in accurate evaluation.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，采用该模型能有效同步提取时频及能量评估特征参数，时频空间评估模型能精确反映整体电磁干扰特征；
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed method is accurate and effective to reflect the intensity degree of electromagnetic interference; Meanwhile, the interference experiment of bus card confirms the correctness of the time-frequency space model.

zh-cn	实验测试结果验证了本文所提评估方法的正确性。
en-us	The experimental test results verify the correctness of the mentioned evaluators.

zh-cn	该文提出一种改进的时间交错采样模数转换器(TIADC)失配误差补偿方法。
en-us	An improved method is proposed for compensating the distortion created by mismatches in Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters (TI ADCs).

zh-cn	系统通过误差参数和简化的拉格朗日插值算法分别实现了对偏置、增益的失配误差补偿和采样时间的失配误差补偿。
en-us	The error compensation of offset and gain is realized byerror parameters, and the error compensation of sampling time is realized by the simplified Lagrangeinterpolation algorithm.

zh-cn	该补偿方法在FPGA中采用低复杂度的定点运算实现，在TIADC硬件平台中实现了对多通道ADC采样数据的线上校正。
en-us	The compensation method is implemented in FPGA with the low complexity of fixed-point algorithm, and the online calibration of multi-channel ADC sampling data is implemented in the TIADC hardware platform.

zh-cn	实验结果表明：所提改进方法在仿真环境下使无杂散动态范围提升了51 dB，并且在硬件实现过程中使SFDR优化达45 dB。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) of sampling data up to 51 dB in the simulation environment, and optimizes the SFDR up to 45 dB in the process of hardware implementation.

zh-cn	在保持失配误差估计精度和补偿效果优良的前提下，该方法不仅降低了算法的计算复杂度，而且该补偿结构不受TIADC通道数目的限制。
en-us	Under the premise of maintaining the error estimation precision and compensation effect, this method not only reduces the computational complexity of the algorithm, but also the compensation structure is not limited by the number of TIADC channels.

zh-cn	高光谱图像中的异常像元往往具有在图像中出现的概率低和游离于背景数据云团之外的特点，
en-us	The abnormal pixels in hyperspectral images are often have the characteristics of low probability and scattered outside the background data cloud.

zh-cn	如何“自动”确定这些异常像元是高光谱遥感图像处理中的一个重要研究方向。
en-us	How to automatically detect these abnormal pixels is an important research direction in hyperspectral imagery processing.

zh-cn	经典的高光谱异常检测方法一般从图像的统计特性入手，
en-us	Classical hyperspectral anomaly detectionmethods are usually based on statistical perspective.

zh-cn	广泛应用的RXD异常检测算法通过计算图像的2阶统计特征，可以直接给出异常点的分布情况，算法复杂度低，但缺点是没有考虑到图像的高阶统计信息。
en-us	The RXD algorithm which is widely used can give theanomalies distribution directly through the second order statistical feature of the image, but the disadvantage isthat it does not take into account the higher order statistics of the image.

zh-cn	基于独立成分分析的异常检测算法虽然考虑了高阶统计量对异常点的敏感性，但需要反复迭代提取异常成分后，再对提取后的成分进行异常检测。
en-us	Anomaly detection algorithm based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) considers the sensitivity of higher order statistics to outliers, but it needs iteration process to extract abnormal components first. And then the extracted components is used foranomaly detection.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于协峭度张量的异常检测算法，该算法不需要事先提取异常成分，可以直接对观测像元进行逐一检测，从而给出异常点的分布情况。
en-us	A method based on cokurtosis tensor for anomaly detection is proposed. This method does not need to extract anomaly components first. It can directly detect the observed pixels and give the distribution of abnormal pixels.

zh-cn	基于模拟数据和真实数据的实验结果表明，该方法能够在检测出异常像元的同时更好地压制背景信息、减小虚警率，从而提高异常检测精度。
en-us	Experiments results on both simulated and real data show that it can detect abnormal pixels while suppressing the background information better. Therefore, it can reduce false alarm rate and improve detection accuracy.

zh-cn	针对目前大多数噪声图像质量评价算法借助域变换或机器学习所带来的运算量大、训练过程繁复等弊端，以及依赖人工设置固定阈值存在普适性不佳的问题，该文改进了一种基于掩盖效应的空域噪声图像质量评价算法。
en-us	Heavy computational burden, or complex training procedure and poor universality caused by themanual setting of the fixed thresholds are the main issues associated with most of the noise image qualityevaluation algorithms using domain transformation or machine learning. As an attempt for solution, an improved spatial noisy image quality evaluation algorithm based on the masking effect is presented.

zh-cn	首先依据Hosaka原理提出层递进的分块规则，将图像分成与其内容频率分布高低相符的不同尺寸的子块并赋予相应的掩盖权值；
en-us	Firstly, according to the layer-layer progressive rule based on Hosaka principle, an image is divided into sub-blocks with different sizes that match the frequency distribution of its content, and a masking weight is assigned to each sub-block correspondingly.

zh-cn	然后通过提取像素点梯度信息，经两步检噪实现子块噪点甄别；
en-us	Then the noise in the image is detected through the pixel gradient information extraction, via a two-step strategy.

zh-cn	再使用掩盖权值对子块噪声污染指标加权得到初步质量评价结果；
en-us	Following that, the preliminary evaluation value is obtained by using the masking weights to weight the noise pollution index of all the sub-blocks.

zh-cn	最终修正和归一化后为整图质量评价结果——改进的无参考峰值信噪比(MNRPSNR)。
en-us	Finally, the correction andnormalization are carried out to generate the whole image quality evaluation parameter——i.e. Modified No-Reference Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (MNRPSNR).

zh-cn	应用该算法在LIVE和TID2008图像质量评价数据库上对多种噪声类型图像进行实验，
en-us	Such an algorithm is tested on LIVE and TID2008 image quality assessment database, covering a variety of noise types.

zh-cn	结果显示其较目前主流评价算法保有很强竞争力，对传统算法改进效果显著，与人眼主观感受一致性高，普适于多种噪声类型。
en-us	The results indicate that compared with the current mainstream evaluation algorithms, it has strong competitiveness, and also has the significant effects in improving the traditional algorithm. Moreover, the high degree of consistency to the human subjective feelingsand the applicability to multiple noise types are well demonstrated.

zh-cn	该文设计了两种人工磁导体(AMC)单元，在8～20  GHz的超宽频带内，两种AMC结构能够实现180°±37° 的反射相位差，
en-us	In this paper, two novel Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) structures, based on circular loop patch and substrate, are designed to realize 180° reflection phase difference in a wide frequency band.

zh-cn	将这两种单元组成棋盘结构时，能够实现入射电磁波的散射场相消，从而在超宽的频带内实现棋盘表面法向雷达散射截面(RCS)的显著减缩。
en-us	These two AMCs’ reflection phase property is applied to redirecting the scattering fields of a radar target to reduce its Radar Cross Section (RCS). This method of RCS reduction can be realized by covering with a chessboard surface composed of two proposed AMC structures, so the RCS reduction in a wide frequency band can be achieved as well.

zh-cn	同时，利用超表面天线的概念，设计馈电网络，将设计的AMC结构用做天线，仿真发现在9.08～10.30 GHz的范围内，天线的S11小于–10 dB，可以实现天线的有效辐射。
en-us	Meanwhile, this surface also can be used as antenna. By precisely designing feednetwork, the metasurface antenna can be designed. This antenna also has a low profile. The simulated impedance matching frequency band is from 9.08 to 10.30 GHz.

zh-cn	实测结果和仿真吻合较好，因此该文的棋盘结构可以实现具有RCS减缩特性的天线设计。
en-us	Excellent agreement is obtained between simulation and measurement for metasurface antenna and chessboard surface. Such method gives a method forintegrated design of antenna and metasurface, so the RCS reduction can be achieved, at the same time theradiation properties can be maintained.

zh-cn	在无线中继网络中，中继节点间的随机传输延迟将导致显著的性能下降。因此，针对慢衰落瑞利信道提出可容忍随机时延的分布式线性卷积空时码(DLC-STC)，
en-us	In wireless relay networks, random transmission delays among relay nodes will lead to substantial performance degradation, for which delay-tolerant Distributed Linear Convolutive Space-Time Code (DLC-STC) is proposed.

zh-cn	但该类空时码在快衰落信道下的分集性能尚未明确。
en-us	However, its diversity gain on fast fading Rayleigh channels is not clear.

zh-cn	该文从理论上证明了DLC-STC在快衰落瑞利信道下的分集增益。
en-us	This paper analyzesthe diversity gain of the DLC-STC on fast fading Rayleigh channels.

zh-cn	分析表明，DLC-STC虽然最初是在慢衰落信道下被提出的，但它在快衰落瑞利信道下通过利用最大似然(ML)接收机，仍可获得满异步协作分集增益，
en-us	It is shown that the DLC-STC can achievefull asynchronous cooperative diversity order with Maximum Likelihood (ML) receivers on fast fading Rayleighchannels, although it is originally proposed for slow fading channels.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了该理论分析，仿真结果同时表明：在快衰落瑞利信道下，DLC-STC采用MMSE-DFE接收机能够获得与ML接收机相同的分集增益。
en-us	The numerical results verify the theoreticalanalysis and show that MMSE-DFE receivers, can collect the same diversity order as ML receivers on fastfading Rayleigh channels.

zh-cn	针对网络功能虚拟化(NFV)环境下，现有服务功能链部署方法无法在优化映射代价的同时保证服务路径时延的问题，该文提出一种基于IQGA-Viterbi学习算法的服务功能链优化部署方法。
en-us	For Network Function Virtualization (NFV) environment, the existing placement methods can not guarantee the mapping cost while optimizing the network delay, a service function chaining optimal placement algorithm is proposed based on the IQGA-Viterbi learning algorithm.

zh-cn	在隐马尔可夫模型参数训练过程中，针对传统Baum-Welch算法训练网络参数容易陷入局部最优的缺陷，改进量子遗传算法对模型参数进行训练优化，
en-us	In the training process of Hidden MarkovModel (HMM) parameters, the traditional Baum-Welch algorithm is easy to fall into the local optimum, so thequantum genetic algorithm is proposed, which can better optimize the model parameters.

zh-cn	在每一迭代周期内通过等比例复制适应度最佳种群的方式，保持可行解多样性和扩大空间搜索范围，进一步提高模型参数的精确度。
en-us	In each iteration, the improved algorithm maintains the diversity of feasible solutions and expands the scope of the spatial search by replicating the best fitness population with equal proportion, thus improving the accuracy of the model parameters.

zh-cn	在隐马尔科夫链求解过程中，针对隐含序列无法直接观测这一难点，利用Viterbi算法能精确求解隐含序列的优势，解决有向图网络中服务路径的优化选择问题。
en-us	In the process of solving Hidden Markov chain, to overcome the problem that can not be directly observed for hidden sequences, Viterbi algorithm can solve the implicit sequences exactly and solve the problem of optimal service paths in the directed graph.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，与其它部署算法相比，所提IQGA-Viterbi学习算法能有效降低网络时延和映射代价的同时，提高了网络服务的请求接受率。
en-us	Experimental results show that the network delay and mappingcosts are lower compared with the existing algorithms. In addition, the acceptance ratio of requests is raised.

zh-cn	在对整个图像集进行增强质量评价时，现有的平均准则会随着不同图像集非一致性地变化，从而导致较大的评价质量波动。
en-us	When evaluating the enhancement quality of a whole image set, the existing average score criterion varies inconsistently with different image sets and produces a large evaluation quality fluctuation.

zh-cn	为此，该文提出一个面向图像集的置信区间内一致性增强质量评价准则，
en-us	Therefore, this paper proposes a consistency enhancement quality assessment criterion in confidence interval for any imageset.

zh-cn	通过设置应用参数并使用置信区间筛选数据，再比较各图像增强前后的质量分数差值，由此评估图像质量增强的一致性，最终计算出一致性增强质量分数有效值。
en-us	By setting application parameters and using confidence interval to screen data, the proposed criterioncompares the quality score difference before and after enhancing each image, and evaluates the consistency ofimage quality enhancement, and then calculates the effective value of consistency enhancement quality scores.

zh-cn	在众多图像增强算法中，所提准则能够挑选出具体应用所需要的稳定性强、可靠性高的增强算法。
en-us	Among many image enhancement algorithms, the proposed criterion can select the high-reliability enhancement algorithm for a specific application.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提准则具有良好的主客观评价一致性，性能优于当前的平均准则，为各种图像增强算法提供了一个可用于任意图像集的质量评价准则。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed criterion has goodsubjective and objective consistency and outperforms the existing average score criterion, which provides anevaluation criterion for those image enhancement algorithms applied to any image set.

zh-cn	针对现有虚拟化云无线接入网络(C-RAN)资源利用率低、能耗高、用户服务质量无法得到保证等问题，该文提出一种能耗和时延感知的虚拟化资源分配机制。
en-us	To solve the problems of low resource utilization rate, high energy consumption and poor user servic equality in the existing virtualized Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN), a virtual resource allocation mechanism based on energy consumption and delay is proposed.

zh-cn	根据虚拟化C-RAN的网络特点及业务流量特征，考虑资源约束和比例公平，建立能耗和时延优化模型。
en-us	According to the network and trafficcharacteristics of the virtualized C-RAN, considering the resource constraints and proportional fairness, anenergy consumption and delay optimization model is established.

zh-cn	进而，利用启发式算法为不同类型虚拟C-RAN和用户虚拟基站分配资源，完成资源的全局优化配置。
en-us	Furthermore, a heuristic algorithm is used toallocate resources for different types of virtual C-RAN and user virtual base stations to complete resourceglobal optimization configuration.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提资源分配机制在提高网络资源利用率的同时，不但使能耗节省了62.99%，还使时延降低了32.32%。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed resource allocation mechanism caneffectively save energy by 62.99% and reduce the latency by 32.32% while improving the network resourceutilization.

zh-cn	推荐系统可以方便地帮助人们做出决策，然而，目前很少有研究考虑到剔除不相关噪声用户的影响，保留少量核心用户做推荐。
en-us	Recommendation systems can help people make decisions conveniently. However, few studies consider the effect of removing irrelevant noise users and retaining a small number of core users to make recommendations.

zh-cn	该文提出基于信任关系和兴趣相似度的核心用户抽取的新方法。
en-us	A new method of core user extraction is proposed based on trust relationship and interestsimilarity.

zh-cn	首先计算所有用户对之间的信任度和兴趣相似度并且排序，然后根据用户在最近邻列表中出现的频率和位置权重两种策略选择候选核心用户集合，最后利用用户的推荐能力筛选出最终的核心用户并且做推荐。
en-us	First, all users trust and interest similarity between pairs are calculated and sorted, then accordingto the frequency and position weight users travel in the nearest neighbor in the list of two kinds of strategies forthe selection of candidate core collection of users. Finally, according to the user’s ability the core users aresieved out.

zh-cn	实验表明利用核心用户做推荐的有效性，并且证明了利用20%的核心用户做推荐，可以达到超过90%的准确性，而且利用核心用户做推荐能很好地抵御托攻击对推荐系统造成的负面影响。
en-us	Experimental results show that the core user recommendation effectiveness, and verify that the core of user 20% can reach more than recommended accuracy of 90%, and through the use of core user recommendation the negative effects caused by the attacks on the recommendation system can be resisted.

zh-cn	在软件定义网络中将防火墙策略定义为访问控制型规则，并将其分布式地部署在网络中能够提高会话的服务质量。
en-us	Firewall policy is defined as access control rules in Software Definition Network (SDN), anddistributing these ACL (Access Control List) rules across the networks, it can improve the quality of service.

zh-cn	为了减少放置在网络中规则的数量，文中提出多路复用和合并的启发式规则放置算法(HARA)。
en-us	Inorder to reduce the number of rules placed in the network, the Heuristic Algorithm of Rules Allocation (HARA)of rule multiplexing and merging is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	算法考虑到了商品交换机TCAM存储空间和端点交换机相连链路的流量负载，通过建立以最小化规则放置数量为目标的混合整数线性规划模型，解决不同吞吐量的多路由单播会话的规则放置问题。
en-us	Considering TCAM storage space of commodity switches and connected link traffic load of endpoint switches, a mixed integer linear programming model which minimize the number of rules placed in the network is established, and the algorithm solves the rules placement problem of multiple routing unicast sessions of different throughputs.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与nonRM-CP算法相比，在保证不同会话服务质量的前提下，该算法最多能节省56%的TCAM空间，平均能减少13.1%的带宽资源利用率。
en-us	Compared with the nonRM-CPalgorithms, simulations show that HARA can save 18% TCAM at most and reduce the bandwidth utilizationrate of 13.1% at average.

zh-cn	数字视频广播通用加扰算法(DVB-CSA)是一种混合对称加密算法，由分组密码加密和流密码加密两部分组成。
en-us	The Digital Video Broadcasting-Common Scrambling Algorithm (DVB-CSA) is a hybrid symmetric cipher. It is made up of the block cipher encryption and the stream cipher encryption.

zh-cn	该算法通常用于保护视讯压缩标准(MPEG-2)中的信号流。
en-us	DVB-CSA is often used to protect MPEG-2 signal streams.

zh-cn	主要研究DVB-CSA分组加密算法(DVB-CSA-Block Cipher, CSA-BC)的不可能差分性质。
en-us	This paper focuses on impossible differential cryptanalysis of the blockcipher in DVB-CSA called CSA-BC.

zh-cn	通过利用S盒的具体信息，该文构造了CSA-BC的22轮不可能差分区分器，该区分器的长度比已有最好结果长2轮。
en-us	By exploiting the details of the S-box, a 22-round impossible differential isconstructed, which is two rounds more than the previous best result.

zh-cn	进一步，利用构造的22轮不可能差分区分器，攻击了缩减的25轮CSA-BC，该攻击可以恢复24 bit种子密钥。
en-us	Furthermore, a 25-round impossible differential attack on CSA-BC is presented, which can recover 24 bit key.

zh-cn	攻击的数据复杂度、时间复杂度和存储复杂度分别为253.3个选择明文、232.5次加密和224个存储单元。
en-us	For the attack, the data complexity,the computational complexity and the memory complexity are 253.3 chosen plaintexts, 232.5 encryptions and 224units, respectively.

zh-cn	对于CSA-BC的不可能差分分析，目前已知最好结果能够攻击21轮的CSA-BC并恢复16 bit的种子密钥量。
en-us	For impossible differential cryptanalysis of CSA-BC, the previous best result can attack 21-round CSA-BC and recover 16 bit key.

zh-cn	就攻击的长度和恢复的密钥量而言，该文的攻击结果大大改进了已有最好结果。
en-us	In terms of the round number and the recovered key, the result significantly improves the previous best result.

zh-cn	该文针对无线虚拟化网络中业务的不确定和信息反馈的时延而引起虚拟资源分配不合理，提出一种基于自回归滑动平均(ARMA)预测的在线自适应虚拟资源分配算法。
en-us	In order to solve the unreasonable virtual resource allocation caused by the uncertainty of service anddelay of information feedback in wireless virtualized networks, an online adaptive virtual resource allocationalgorithm proposed based on Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) prediction.

zh-cn	首先，该算法以保障虚拟网络队列上溢概率为目标对时频资源和缓存资源进行联合分配，并建立虚拟网络总成本最小化的理论分析模型。
en-us	Firstly, a cost of virtualnetworks minimization is studied by jointly allocating the time-frequency resources and buffer space, whileguaranteeing the overflow probability of each virtual network.

zh-cn	其次，考虑到虚拟网络对不同资源差异化的应用需求，设计了一种多时间尺度的资源动态调度机制，在长周期上基于ARMA模型的预测信息实现缓存资源的预留策略，在短周期上基于利用大偏差原理推导的队列上溢概率对虚拟网络优先级排序，并根据确定的优先级动态调度时频资源，从而满足各虚拟网络的业务需求。
en-us	Secondly, considering the different demand ofvirtual networks to different resources, a resource dynamic scheduling mechanism designed with multiple timescales, in which the reservation strategy of buffer space is realized based on the ARMA’s prediction informationin slow time scale and the virtual networks are sorted according to the overflow probability derived by the largedeviation principle and dynamically schedules the time-frequency resources in fast time scale, so as to meet theservice demand.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法可有效降低比特丢失率，同时提升物理资源的利用率。
en-us	Simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the bit loss rate and improve the utilization of physical resources.

zh-cn	物联网中无线传输的安全难题是制约其发展的重要瓶颈，
en-us	The security issue of wireless transmission becomes a significant bottleneck in the development ofInternet of Things (IoT).

zh-cn	物联网终端受限的计算能力与硬件配置以及配备大规模天线阵列的窃听者给物理层安全技术带来了新的挑战。
en-us	The limited computing capability and hardware configuration of IoT terminals andeavesdroppers equipped with massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) bring new challenges to physicallayer security technology.

zh-cn	针对该问题，该文提出一种可对抗大规模天线阵列窃听者的轻量级噪声注入策略。
en-us	To solve this problem, a lightweight noise injection scheme is proposed that cancombat massive MIMO eavesdropper.

zh-cn	首先，对所提出的噪声注入策略进行介绍，并分析了该策略的安全性；
en-us	Firstly, the proposed noise injection scheme is introduced, along with thecorresponding secrecy analysis.

zh-cn	然后，基于该策略得到了系统吞吐量的闭式表达式，并对时隙分配系数和功率分配系数进行优化设计。
en-us	Then, the close-formed expression of the throughput is derived based on the proposed scheme. Furthermore, the slot allocation coefficient and power allocation coefficient are optimized.

zh-cn	理论和仿真结果表明，通过对物联网系统参数进行设计，所提出的噪声注入策略能够实现私密信息的安全传输。
en-us	The analytical and simulation results show that the proposed noise injection scheme can achieve the security ofprivate information transmission by designing of the IoT system parameters.

zh-cn	目前，微波辐射计均面临严重的射频干扰(RFI)问题，尤其在低频段。
en-us	At present, microwave radiometers suffer from serious Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), especiallyin low frequency.

zh-cn	针对一种用于获取海洋盐度和土壤湿度的L波段相控阵微波辐射计，该文提出一种射频干扰检测算法。
en-us	In this paper, a radio frequency detection algorithm is proposed for L-band phased arrayradiometer, which is used to measure the sea surface salinity and soil moisture.

zh-cn	首先，简单介绍了该L波段相控阵微波辐射计系统；
en-us	First, the L-band phased arrayradiometer is introduced in briefly.

zh-cn	随后，详细介绍该射频干扰算法，其主要包括RFI初标识、RFI滑动窗口1次标识、RFI滑动窗口2次标识和RFI扩展标识等4个步骤；
en-us	Secondly, the radio frequency detection algorithm is introduced in details,which consists of the raw RFI flag, the RFI first moving–averaged window flag, the RFI secondmoving–averaged window flag and the expanded RFI flag.

zh-cn	最后，采用该算法对L波段相控阵微波辐射计的实验数据进行处理。
en-us	Finally, the experimental data obtained by the L-band phased array radiometer is processed with the proposed RFI detection algorithm.

zh-cn	实验结果均表明：该算法能够较好地检测出射频干扰异常数据，检测性能较好。
en-us	The results indicate that the proposed detection RFI algorithm can effectively detect the RFI contaminated abnormal data, and exhibits good detected ability.

zh-cn	针对5G超密集异构网中严重的跨层干扰问题，该文提出一种基于现有的增强型小区间干扰协调技术和协同多点传输技术的联合干扰协调方法。
en-us	This paper presents an approach of combining the existing enhanced inter-cell interference coordination technology and the downlink joint transmission scheme of coordinated multi-point transmission technology to solve the problem of serious cross-layer interference in 5G ultra-dense heterogeneous network.

zh-cn	运用随机几何理论工具推导了两层超密集异构网下用户的中断概率，频谱效率和网络平均遍历容量表达式。
en-us	With using tools from stochastic geometry theory, the expressions such as the outage probability, spectrum efficiency and network average ergodic capacity of two-layer ultra-dense heterogeneous network are derived.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明：该文提出的联合的干扰协调方案，相比于传统协同多点传输技术，不仅降低了协作用户数目，同时使得用户在信干比阈值为0 dB时的中断概率降低了15%；
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed joint interference coordination scheme not only reduces the numberof cooperative users compared with the traditional coordinated multi-point transmission technology, but alsoreduces the outage probability of users by 15% in the network at 0 dB.

zh-cn	相比较于增强型小区间干扰协调技术，在偏置值为10 dB时，扩展区域的用户频谱效率改善为35%，整个网络平均遍历容量提升了3.4%。
en-us	Compared with the enhanced inter-cell interference coordination technology, when the bias value is 10 dB, the user spectrum efficiency in the extended area is improved to 35% and the average traversal capacity of the entire network is increased by 3.4%.

zh-cn	稀疏码多址接入(SCMA)作为一种具有竞争力的非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术，该技术通过高维调制与稀疏扩频的结合，有效地提升了系统的频谱效率。
en-us	As a competitive Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique, Sparse Code Multiple Access(SCMA) improves efficiently the system spectral efficiency by combining the high dimensional modulation and sparse spread spectrum.

zh-cn	该文针对现有SCMA码本设计中存在的问题，提出一种同时适用于高斯信道和瑞利衰落信道的SCMA码本优化设计方法。
en-us	To address the existing issues of SCMA codebook design, an optimization designmethod for SCMA codebooks is proposed for both Rayleigh fading and Gaussian channels.

zh-cn	在该方法中，首先通过旋转基准星座和母星座，实现母星座在各个维度上投影点间的最小欧氏距离以及叠加在单个资源块上的总星座中与各用户对应的星座图上星座点间的最小欧氏距离的最大化，以提升SCMA码本在高斯信道下的性能；
en-us	In the method, byrotating the base constellation and the mother constellation, the minimum Euclidean distance between theprojection points of the mother constellation on each dimension, and between the constellation points on theconstellations corresponding to each user in the total constellation on a single resource block is maximized inorder to improve the performance of the SCMA codebooks over Gaussian channels;

zh-cn	进而在保持总星座上星座点间最小欧氏距离不变的条件下，通过旋转叠加在单个资源块上多个用户的星座，优化叠加在单个资源块上的与各用户对应的星座图中星座点间最小乘积距离和信号空间分集(SSD)阶数，
en-us	On the basis of it, byrotating the constellation of multiple users superimposed on each resource block, the corresponding minimumproduct distance and the Signal Space Diversity (SSD) order of the users’ constellations are optimized;

zh-cn	最后结合Q路坐标交织技术获得额外的分集增益，以提升系统抗信道衰落的能力。
en-us	At last,an additional diversity gain is achieved by using Q-coordinate interleaving technology to improve further theperformance over the Rayleigh fading channels.

zh-cn	仿真结果显示：在高斯信道和瑞利衰落信道下，该文设计的SCMA码本的性能均明显优于华为公司提出的SCMA码本和低密度扩频多址接入(LDS-MA)技术。
en-us	Simulation results show that the performance of the proposedSCMA codebooks outperforms that of the HUAWEI’ SCMA codebooks and Low Density Signature MultipleAccess (LDS-MA) in both the Gaussian channels and the Rayleigh fading channels.

zh-cn	针对目前对流层延迟修正受限于探空数据不足导致修正效率低的问题，该文结合Saastamoinen和GPT2w模型构建形成组合模型Sa+GPT2w模型，
en-us	In view of the correction for tropospheric delay is limited by the shortage of sounding data, which leads to the problem that the low correction efficiency, this paper proposes a model named Sa+GPT2w, combining Saastamoinen model with GPT2w model.

zh-cn	通过利用GPT2w模型提供的高精度气象数据，实现中国地区对流层天顶延迟(ZTD)的实时修正，克服对探空数据的依赖，并用实测数据对计算结果进行验证。
en-us	In this paper, the real-time correction for ZenithTropospheric Delay (ZTD) over China is realized by using the high-precision meteorological values provided bythe GPT2w model, and the results are verified by the measured data.

zh-cn	以IGS提供的中国地区2015至2017年ZTD时间序列为评估标准时，Sa+GPT2w模型(bias:1.661 cm, RMS:4.711 cm)的精度较同等条件下的Sa+EGNOS, Sa+UNB3m和Hop+GPT2w模型分别提升50.5%, 41.9%和37.1%；
en-us	Taking the ZTD in 2015-2017 ofInternational GNSS Service(IGS) as a reference, the accuracy of the Sa+GPT2w model (bias: 1.661 cm, RMS:4.711 cm) rises by 50.5%, 41.9% and 37.1%, respectively, relative to the Sa+EGNOS, Sa+UNB3m and theHop+GPT2w models.

zh-cn	以GGOS Atmo-sphere 2017年ZTD数据为标准时，Sa+GPT2w模型(bias:1.551 cm, RMS:4.859 cm)的精度相对同等条件下的另3种模型分别提升49.5%, 38.5%和46.8%；
en-us	Moreover, using the ZTD from Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) in 2017 as astandard, the Sa+GPT2w model (bias: 1.551 cm, RMS: 4.859 cm) improves the accuracy by 49.5%, 38.5% and46.8% relative to other three models, respectively.

zh-cn	最后对Sa+EGNOS, Sa+UNB3m和Sa+GPT2w模型在ZTD修正中误差结果的时空分布特征进行分析。
en-us	Finally, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatialdistribution characteristics of the bias and RMS of the above three models.

zh-cn	研究结果可为在中国地区的导航定位、大气折射研究中，应用不同气象参数模型进行ZTD修正的有效性和可能达到的精度提供参考。
en-us	The results provide a significant reference for the effectiveness of correction for ZTD by using different meteorological models in the research of navigation and atmospheric refraction over China.

zh-cn	针对萤火虫算法求解复杂优化问题时收敛精度较低的问题，该文提出一种正交反向学习策略，嵌入萤火虫算法，得到一种正交反向学习萤火虫算法。
en-us	Firefly Algorithm (FA) may suffer from the defect of low convergence accuracy depending on the complexity of the optimization problem. To overcome the drawback, a novel learning strategy named Orthogonal Opposition Based Learning (OOBL) is proposed and integrated into FA.

zh-cn	正交反向学习策略中，采用重心反向计算，利用群体搜索经验的同时避免搜索依赖坐标；
en-us	In OOBL, first, the opposite is calculated by the centroid opposition, making full use of the population search experience and avoiding depending on the system of coordinates.

zh-cn	采用正交试验设计，构建部分维上取反向值的正交反向候选解，充分挖掘个体和反向个体在不同维度上的有利信息。
en-us	Second, the orthogonal opposite candidate solutions are constructed by orthogonal experiment design, combining the useful information from the individual and itsopposite.

zh-cn	在标准测试集上进行验证，实验结果说明了正交反向学习策略的有效性。与多种新近的改进萤火虫算法相比，该算法在大多数函数上获得更高的求解精度。
en-us	The proposed algorithm is tested on the standard benchmark suite and compared with some recently introduced FA variants. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of OOBL and show the outstanding convergence accuracy of the proposed algorithm on most of the test functions.

zh-cn	针对现有太赫兹无线个域网定向MAC协议存在的波束训练开销和入网时延偏大以及Beacon, S-CAP时段时隙利用不足问题，该文提出一种自适应的定向MAC协议——AD-MAC，
en-us	To reduce the beamforming training cost and network delay, make the best of Beacon and S-CAPsub-period in the existing Terahertz Wireless Personal Access Network (TWPAN) directional MAC protocols,an Adaptive Directional MAC (AD-MAC) protocol for TWPAN is proposed.

zh-cn	自适应地在静态场景下采用全网协同波束训练，在动态场景下节点基于历史信息快速回复波束训练帧，
en-us	AD-MAC adaptively uses theentire network cooperative beam training in a static scenario, and makes network nodes quickly respond tobeam training frames based on historical information in a dynamic scenario.

zh-cn	同时使用反向监听策略减小同扇区节点的帧碰撞概率，并且通过时隙复用在Beacon和S-CAP时段并行发送控制帧和数据帧。
en-us	The reverse listening strategy is used to reduce the collision probability of same sector nodes. The control frame and data frame are transmitted simultaneously in the Beacon and S-CAP slot using time-slot reuse.

zh-cn	理论分析表明了AD-MAC协议的有效性，
en-us	Theoretical analysis verifies theeffectiveness of AD-MAC.

zh-cn	仿真结果显示：相较于ENLBT-MAC等典型协议，AD-MAC在静态场景下的波束训练开销和节点平均入网时延分别降低了约21.84%和22.70%，在动态场景下上述二指标则分别减小了约18.7%和13.07%。
en-us	Also, simulation results show that, comparing with ENLBT-MAC, AD-MAC reducesabout 21.84% of beamforming training cost and 22.70% of the average network delay in static scene, andreduces about 18.7% of beamforming training cost and 13.07% of the average network delay in dynamic scene.

zh-cn	异构携能通信网络中信道状态信息不准确时，为保证信息、能量传输的安全性与可靠性，该文提出一种基于人工噪声辅助的鲁棒安全传输方案。
en-us	When the Channel State Information (CSI) is not accurate in heterogeneous networks with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, to guarantee the security and reliability of information and energy transfer simultaneously, a robust secure transmission scheme based on Artificial Noise (AN)-aided is proposed.

zh-cn	通过联合设计宏基站、微基站的下行信息波束及人工噪声矩阵，干扰窃听者，同时提升系统能量接收性能。
en-us	Through jointly designing the downlink information beamforming and AN matrix of macrocell base station and femtocell base stations, the potential eavesdroppers will be jammed, and the energy harvesting performance of system can be improved.

zh-cn	在基站的发送功率约束、合法用户的信息接收及能量接收中断约束和窃听者的窃听信息中断约束下，以最大化系统能量接收性能为目标进行建模。
en-us	To obtain the optimal designs, the problem of maximizing the energyharvesting performance of system is modeled under the base station power limit and the outage probabilitylimits of information transfer, energy transfer and confidential information eavesdropped.

zh-cn	针对该问题的非凸性，首先将其等效转化为一种易于处理的形式；
en-us	This modeled problem is non-convex. To address the problem, it is transformed into an equivalent form, which can be processed easily.

zh-cn	而后进一步利用Berstein-type不等式处理其中的中断概率约束，将其转化为凸的问题进行求解。
en-us	Then, the Bernstein-type inequality is utilized to deal with the outage probability limits, and it is transformed into a convex problem.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了该方案的安全性和鲁棒性。
en-us	Simulation results validate the security and the robustness of the proposed scheme.

zh-cn	代理重加密在云计算环境下的密文共享等方面起着重要的作用。
en-us	Proxy re-encryption plays an important role for encrypted data sharing and so on in cloudcomputing.

zh-cn	目前格上基于身份的代理重加密方案都是随机预言机模型的。
en-us	Currently, almost all of the constructions of identity-based proxy re-encryption over lattice are inthe random oracle model.

zh-cn	针对这个问题，该文构造了一个高效的标准模型下格上基于身份的代理重加密方案。在方案中，用户身份仅仅被映射为一个向量，使得用户私钥的尺寸较短。
en-us	According to this problem, an efficient identity-based proxy re-encryption is constructed over lattice in the standard model, where the identity string is just mapped to one vector and getting a shorter secret key for users.

zh-cn	该方案具有双向性，多次使用性等性质，并且在LWE困难假设下是适应性选择身份CPA安全的。
en-us	The proposed scheme has the properties of bidirectional, multi-use,moreover, it is semantic secure against adaptive chosen identity and chosen plaintext attack based on LearningWith Errors (LWE) problems in the standard mode.

zh-cn	近年来，可搜索加密技术及细粒度访问控制的属性加密在云存储环境下得到广泛应用。
en-us	In recent years, searchable encryption technology and fine-grained access control attribute encryptionis widely used in cloud storage environment.

zh-cn	考虑到现存的基于属性的可搜索加密方案存在仅支持单关键词搜索而不支持属性撤销的问题，以及单关键词搜索可能造成返回搜索结果部分错误并导致计算和宽带资源浪费的缺陷，该文提出一种支持属性撤销的可验证多关键词搜索加密方案。
en-us	Considering that the existing searchable attribute-based encryption schemes have some flaws: It only support single-keyword search without attribute revocation. The single-keyword search may result in the waste of computing and broadband resources due to the partial retrieval from search results. A verifiable multi-keyword search encryption scheme that supports revocation ofattributes is proposed.

zh-cn	该方案允许用户检测云服务器搜索结果的正确性，同时在细粒度访问控制结构中支持用户属性的撤销，且在属性撤销过程中不需要更新密钥和重加密密文。
en-us	The scheme allows users to detect the correctness of cloud server search results while supporting the revocation of user attributes in a fine-grained access control structure without updating the keyor re-encrypting the ciphertext during revocation stage.

zh-cn	该文在随机预言机模型下基于判定性线性假设被证明具有抵抗选择关键词集攻击安全性及关键词隐私性，同时从理论和实验两方面分析验证了该方案具有较高的计算效率与存储效率。
en-us	The afore mentioned scheme is proved by the deterministic linearity hypothesis, and the relevant analysis results indicate that it can resist the attacks of keyword selection and the privacy of keywords in the random oracle model with high computational efficiency and storage effectiveness.

zh-cn	Lai-Massey结构是由IDEA算法发展而来的一个分组密码结构，FOX系列密码算法是该密码结构的代表。
en-us	Lai-Massey structure is a block cipher structure developed from IDEA algorithm. FOX is therepresentative of this cipher structure.

zh-cn	该文从差分概率关于独立等概轮密钥的平均概率上界和给定起点和终点的线性链的平均概率上界两个角度出发，研究Lai-Massey 结构的差分和线性可证明安全性。
en-us	In this paper, the keys are assumed to be generated independently anduniform randomly, and then the provable security against differential and linear cryptanalysis of Lai-Masseystructure is studied from two aspects: the upper bound of the average differential probability and the upperbound of the average linear chains probability with the given starting and ending points.

zh-cn	针对给定起点和终点的线性链的平均概率上界，该文也获得了类似的结论。
en-us	A similar conclusion is obtained for the linear chains with a given starting and ending point.

zh-cn	该文根据特征为4的Galois环理论，在Z4上利用广义分圆构造出一类新的周期为2p2(p为奇素数)的四元序列，并且给出了它的线性复杂度。
en-us	Based on the theory of Galois rings of characteristic 4, a new class of quaternary sequences with period 2p2 is established over Z4 using generated cyclotomy, where p is an odd prime. The linear complexity of the new sequences is determined.

zh-cn	结果表明，该序列具有良好的线性复杂度性质，能够抗击Berlekamp-Massey(B-M)算法的攻击，是密码学意义上性质良好的伪随机序列。
en-us	Results show that the sequences have larger linear complexity and resist theattack by Berlekamp-Massey (B-M) algorithm. It is a good sequence from the viewpoint of cryptography.

zh-cn	针对自适应波束形成器在目标导向矢量存在约束偏差时性能急剧下降的问题，该文提出一种目标导向矢量和干扰噪声协方差矩阵联合迭代估计的稳健波束形成算法。
en-us	Focusing on the problem of adaptive beamformer performance decreasing due to target steering vector constraint errors, an algorithm for robust beamforming with joint iterative estimations of steering vectorand covariance matrix is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法首先采用稀疏重构的方法得到目标导向矢量的初始值，并通过从采样协方差矩阵中剔除目标信号估计值完成干扰加噪声协方差矩阵的初始化；
en-us	First, the initial value of target steering vector is obtained by sparsereconstruction, following eliminating the target signal estimation in the sampling covariance matrix, theinitialization of the covariance matrix is completed;

zh-cn	然后在建立导向矢量误差优化模型的基础上，采用凸优化方法对目标导向矢量和干扰加噪声协方差矩阵联合迭代求解。
en-us	Then, basing on the steering vector error optimization model, this algorithm adopts the convex optimization to estimate joint-iteratively target steering vector and interference plus noise covariance matrix.

zh-cn	最后利用目标导向矢量和干扰加噪声协方差矩阵的稳态估计值获得自适应权矢量。
en-us	Finally, the adaptive weight vector is obtained with the steady estimations of steering vector and covariance matrix.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明该算法提高了波束形成器在目标导向矢量约束偏差时的输出信干噪比。
en-us	Simulation results show output signal to interference andnoise ratio is improved in the situation of target steering vector constraint errors.

zh-cn	相干平面波复合(CPWC)成像算法采用多个角度平面波成像结果直接叠加的方式进行成像，具有速度快，质量高等优点，CPWC成像直接叠加的成像方式，忽略了平面波成像结果之间的相干性。
en-us	The Coherent Plane-Wave Compounding (CPWC) algorithm is based on the recombination of severalplane-waves with different steering angles, which can achieve high-quality images with high frame rate.However, CPWC ignores the coherence between the plane-wave imaging results.

zh-cn	相干系数(CF)加权算法可以有效提高成像的分辨率和对比度，降低了背景成像质量。
en-us	Coherence Factor (CF)weighted algorithm can effectively improve the imaging contrast and resolution, while it degrades the background speckle quality.

zh-cn	该文提出了短阶相干系数(SLCF)加权算法，
en-us	A Short-Lag Coherence Factor (SLCF) algorithm for CPWC is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法采用角度差异参数来确定相干系数的阶数，根据角度差异较小的平面波输出计算相干系数，对CPWC成像结果进行加权成像。
en-us	SLCFuses the angular difference parameter to ascertain the order of the coherence factor and calculates the coherence factor for the plane-waves with small angular difference. Then, SLCF is utilized to weight CPWC to obtain thefinal images.

zh-cn	仿真和实验结果表明SLCF加权算法相对于传统的CPWC成像算法，可以改善成像的横向分辨率和对比度。
en-us	Simulated and experimental results show that SLCF-weighted algorithm can improve the imaging quality in terms of lateral resolution and Contrast Ratio (CR), compared with CPWC.

zh-cn	相对CF和广义相干系数(GCF)算法，SLCF可以提高对比度和背景成像质量，而且运算量更低。
en-us	In addition, in comparison with CF and Generalized Coherence Factor (GCF) weighted algorithm, SLCF can achieve better background speckle quality and it has lower computational complexity.

zh-cn	该文基于随机有限集的多目标滤波器提出一种基于目标威胁度评估的传感器控制策略。
en-us	This paper proposes a threat assessment based sensor control by using multi-target filter withrandom finite set.

zh-cn	首先，在部分可观测马尔科夫决策过程(POMDP)的理论框架下，给出基于信息论的传感器控制一般方法。
en-us	First, the general sensor control approach based on information theory is presented in theframework of Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP).

zh-cn	其次，结合目标运动态势对影响目标威胁度的因素进行分析。
en-us	Meanwhile, combined with targetmovement situation, the factors that affect the target threat degree are analyzed.

zh-cn	然后，基于粒子多目标滤波器估计多目标状态，依据多目标运动态势的评估研究建立多目标威胁水平，并从多目标分布特性中深入分析并提取出当前时刻最大威胁度目标的分布特性。
en-us	Then, the multi-target state is estimated based on the particle multi-target filter, the multi-target threat level is established according to the multi-target motion situation, and the maximum threat target distribution characteristic is analyzed and extracted from the multi-target distribution characteristic.

zh-cn	最后，利用Rényi散度作为传感器控制的评价指标，以最大威胁度目标的信息增益最大化为准则进行最终控制方案的求解。
en-us	Finally, the Rényi divergence is used as theevaluation index in sensor control, and the final control policy is solved with the maximum information gain asthe criterion.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了该方法的实用性和有效性。
en-us	The simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	针对无线接入网络切片虚拟资源分配优化问题，该文提出基于受限马尔可夫决策过程(CMDP)的网络切片自适应虚拟资源分配算法。
en-us	An adaptive virtual resource allocation algorithm is proposed based on Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP) for wireless access network slice virtual resource allocation.

zh-cn	首先，该算法在非正交多址接入(NOMA)系统中以用户中断概率和切片队列积压为约束，切片的总速率作为回报，运用受限马尔可夫决策过程理论构建资源自适应问题的动态优化模型；
en-us	First of all, this algorithm in theNon-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) system, uses the user outage probability and the slice queues asconstraints, uses the total rate of slices as a reward to build a resource adaptive problem using the CMDPtheory.

zh-cn	其次定义后决策状态，规避最优值函数中的期望运算；
en-us	Secondly, the post-decision state is defined to avoid the expectation operation in the optimal valuefunction.

zh-cn	进一步地，针对马尔科夫决策过程(MDP)的“维度灾难”问题，基于近似动态规划理论，定义关于分配行为的基函数，替代决策后状态空间，减少计算维度；
en-us	Furthermore, aiming at the problem of “dimensionality disaster” of MDP, based on the approximatedynamic programming theory, a basis function for the assignment behavior is designed to replace the post-decision state space and to reduce the computational dimension.

zh-cn	最后设计了一种自适应虚拟资源分配算法，通过与外部环境的不断交互学习，动态调整资源分配策略，优化切片性能。
en-us	Finally, an adaptive virtual resource allocation algorithm is designed to optimize the slicing performance.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法可以较好地提高系统的性能，满足切片的服务需求。
en-us	The simulation results show that the algorithm can improve the performance of the system and meet the service requirements of slicing.

zh-cn	高吞吐浮点可灵活重构的快速傅里叶变换(FFT)处理器可满足尖端雷达实时成像和高精度科学计算等多种应用需求。
en-us	In the advanced applications of real-time radar imaging and high-precision scientific computing systems, the design of high throughput and reconfigurable Floating-Point (FP) FFT accelerator is significant.

zh-cn	与定点FFT相比，浮点运算复杂度更高，使得浮点型FFT的运算吞吐率与其实现面积、功耗之间的矛盾问题尤为突出。
en-us	Achieving high throughput FP FFT with low area and power cost poses a greater challenge due to highcomplexity of FP operations in comparison to fixed-point implementations.

zh-cn	鉴于此，为降低运算复杂度，首先将大点数FFT分解成若干个小点数基2k 级联子级实现，提出分别针对128/256/512/1024/2048点FFT的优化混合基算法。
en-us	To address these issues, a serial of mixed-radix algorithms for 128/256/512/1024/2048-point FFT are proposed by decomposing long FFT into short implementations with cascaded radix-2k stages so that the complexity of multiplications can be significantly reduced.

zh-cn	同时，结合所提出同时支持单通道单精度和双通道半精度两种浮点模式的新型融合加减与点乘运算单元，首次提出一款高吞吐率双模浮点可变点FFT处理器结构，并在28 nm标准CMOS工艺下进行设计并实现。
en-us	Besides, two novel fused FP add-subtract and dot-product units for dual-modefunctionality are proposed, which can either compute on a pair of double precision operands or on two pairs ofsingle precision operands in parallel. Thus, a high throughput dual-mode floating-point variable length FFT isdesigned. The proposed processor is implemented based on SMIC 28 nm CMOS technology.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，单通道单精度和双通道半精度浮点两种模式下的运算吞吐率和输出平均信号量化噪声比分别为3.478 GSample/s, 135 dB和6.957 GSample/s, 60 dB。
en-us	Simulation results show that the throughput and Signal-to-Quantization Noise Ratio (SQNR) in single-channel single precision and dual-channel half precision floating-point mode are 3.478 GSample/s, 135 dB and 6.957 GSample/s, 60 dB respectively.

zh-cn	归一化吞吐率面积比相比于现有其他浮点FFT实现可提高约12倍。
en-us	Compare to the other FP FFT, this processor can achieve 12 times improvement of normalized throughput-area ratio.

zh-cn	该文针对同步压缩S变换(SSST)在混合噪声下的失真问题，提出一种新型稳健性广义同步压缩S变换(GSST)。
en-us	A new robust Generalized Synchro squeezing S-Transform(GSST) is proposed to solve the distortion problem of SynchroSqueezing S-Transform(SSST) in mixture noise.

zh-cn	该方法首先改进Viterbi算法以提高S变换在混合噪声下的时频分析性能，
en-us	Firstly, the method improves the Viterbi algorithm for improving the Time-Frequency(TF) analysis performance of S-transform in alpha-gaussian mixture noise.

zh-cn	在获取调频(FM)信号的相位轨迹信息后，利用同步压缩技术提高时频聚集性。
en-us	After acquiring the phase locus information of the FM signal, the synchrosqueezing is used toimprove the time-frequency aggregation.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，在a-高斯混合噪声环境下，该方法能够在低信噪比下精确获取FM信号的时频信息，有效改善了传统同步压缩算法的稳健性和适用性。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method can accuratelyobtain the time-frequency information of FM signal under the background of Alpha-Gaussian mixture noise inlow SNR, and has a better robustness and applicability than the SST.

zh-cn	色度扩展视频编码是当前视频编码领域的一个热点研究课题。
en-us	Chroma extensions video coding is a hot topic in the field of video coding.

zh-cn	该文提出基于AVS2平台的色度扩展视频帧内编码的实现方案。
en-us	Chroma extensions videocoding scheme based on AVS2 platform is proposed.

zh-cn	仿444/422编码方案通过将输入图像中的色度分量下采样后，使用原有的420方式进行编码，以实现444/422编码。
en-us	The most direct solution is pseudo444/422 coding. In thismethod, chroma component in the input image is down sampled by averaging adjacent samples. The corecoding modules are still 420 coding.

zh-cn	进一步，该文将帧内预测及环路滤波等编码模块无缝扩展到相应的444/422格式，实现444/422帧内预测编码。
en-us	Further, this paper seamlessly extends intra prediction and loop filter tothe 444/422 chroma format to implement 444/422 intra prediction coding.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，对444格式和422格式序列，在高码率的情况下444/422帧内预测编码与仿444/422编码相比，U/V平均BD-rate的减少分别为31.44%/31.72%和18.85%/19.3%，而Y分量平均BD-rate的增加仅为0.5%。
en-us	The experimental results show that compared with pseudo 444/422 coding, in the case of high bit rate, the average U/V BD-rate saving is31.44%/31.72% and 18.85%/19.30% for 444 and 422 test sequences respectively, with negligible increase of YBD-rate (0.5% on average).

zh-cn	其中422色度帧内预测过程的算法优化减少Y/U/V BD-rate最高可达5.66%。
en-us	The modification of the 422 chroma intra prediction algorithm achieves up to5.66% Y/U/V BD-rate reduction.

zh-cn	与HEVC RExt编码相比，在低码率时，444/422帧内预测编码取得了更好或相近的编码性能。
en-us	444/422 intra prediction coding provides similar or better coding performancethan HEVC RExt coding at low bitrates.

zh-cn	基于干扰消除思想该文提出一种适用于大规模MIMO系统上行链路的低复杂度迭代并行干扰消除算法，
en-us	Based on interference cancellation method, a low complexity Iterative Parallel Interference Cancellation (IPIC) algorithm is proposed for the uplink of massive MIMO systems.

zh-cn	在算法实现中避免了线性检测算法所需的高复杂度矩阵求逆运算，将复杂度保持在。
en-us	The proposed algorithm avoids the high complexity matrix inversion required by the linear detection algorithm, and hence the complexity is maintained only at .

zh-cn	在此基础上，引入噪声预测机制，提出一种基于噪声预测的迭代并行干扰消除算法，进一步提高了硬判决检测性能。
en-us	Meanwhile, the noise prediction mechanism is introduced and thenoise-prediction aided iterative parallel interference cancellation algorithm is proposed to improve further thedetection performance.

zh-cn	考虑天线间残留干扰，将干扰消除思想运用到软判决中，最后提出一种基于迭代并行干扰消除的低复杂度软输出信号检测算法。
en-us	Considering the residual inter-antenna interference, a low-complexity soft output signaldetection algorithm is proposed as well.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明：提出的信号检测方法的复杂度优于MMSE检测算法，经过几次简单的迭代，算法即快速收敛并获得接近甚至优于MMSE检测算法的误码率性能。
en-us	The simulation results show that the complexity of all the proposedsignal detection methods are better than that of the MMSE detection algorithm. With only a small number ofiterations, the proposed algorithm achieves its performance quite close to or even surpassing that of the MMSEalgorithm.

zh-cn	针对脉冲型噪声，该文提出一种新的非线性处理方法，即高斯化-广义匹配(GGM)处理。
en-us	A method based on Gaussianization and generalized matching, called Gaussianization-GeneralizedMatching (GGM) method is proposed, for nonlinear processing in impulsive noise.

zh-cn	GGM方法基于高斯化处理与广义匹配滤波，可结合非参数的概率密度估计进行设计，解决噪声模型未知时的非线性处理问题。
en-us	The GGM method can bedesigned based on noise samples, aided by nonparametric probability density estimation. Thus the GGM designis suitable for nonlinear processing in unknown noise models.

zh-cn	该文以脉冲型噪声分布模型为例，分析GGM方法的特点和性能；再结合Class A噪声模型，讨论GGM设计作为非参数方法相比模型假设失配的优势；引入效能函数，验证GGM方法在恒虚警技术中的运用。
en-us	The GGM method in the  model is analyzed,and also the comparison with another approach is presented based on unmatched noise model assumption inthe Class A noise. The GGM method is applied to the constant false alarm rate technique via the efficacyfunction.

zh-cn	结果表明，在已知噪声分布情况下，GGM方法具有次优检测性能；当噪声模型未知时，非参数GGM设计能保持稳健性能，优于模型失配下的处理。
en-us	Simulation and analysis results show that the GGM design is sub-optimal, works robustly when thenoise model is unknown, and raises a low requirement on the sample number.

zh-cn	并且，GGM设计对样本数目要求不高，为噪声特性不明或时变的场景提供了一种新的信号处理方法。
en-us	Thus, the GGM method providesa promising choice when the noise model is unclear or time-varying.

zh-cn	为了提高SAR系统的分辨率，在距离向可以通过发射一系列不同载频的窄带信号，通过信号处理的方法实现带宽合成，进而得到等效大带宽信号对应的分辨率。
en-us	To improve the resolution of the SAR system, radar bandwidth should be improved. By means of synthetic bandwidth, wide bandwidth can be achieved with less hardware complexity.

zh-cn	为有效实现带宽合成，要求不同子带回波的载频步进值严格已知，这在某些实际应用环境中，并不能总是满足，因而需要从回波数据中直接估计步进值。
en-us	For frequency band synthesis SAR system, frequency difference should be accurately known. However, in the real measurement situation, the frequency difference may drift and should be estimated based on the raw data.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于子带回波数据的载频误差估计与补偿方法。
en-us	In this manuscript, an effective method is proposed to estimate the frequency difference error and compensate the phase error.

zh-cn	该方法基于压缩后子带回波数据多普勒相位与载频的关系，对子带图像进行干涉处理，提取差分相位，
en-us	Based on the relation between the interferometric phase of subband echoes and frequency difference, the frequency difference drift is estimated. The interferometry between subband images yields the interferometric image. It is observed that in the yielded image, phase varies with range and the slope is proportional to the frequency difference. Also, the phase is redundant along azimuth.

zh-cn	并利用差分相位沿方位向的冗余进行相干积累，获得以实际载频步进值为振荡频率的单频信号，进而通过频谱分析方法得到误差频率，并对子带间相位误差进行补偿。
en-us	Based on the redundancy along azimuth, a new vector is formed. The vector is a sinusoidal signal with the frequency value corresponding to the relative range shift. Frequency analysis yields the value of the frequency difference error.

zh-cn	通过该方法，能够实现子带信号的相干合成，提升了SAR数据成像质量。
en-us	Based on the proposed method, the SAR image is improved.

zh-cn	实验数据的处理结果验证了该方法的有效性。
en-us	The effectiveness of the method is verified by processing the realSAR data.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于判别式聚类框架的非监督极化SAR图像分类算法，利用判别式监督分类技术实现非监督聚类。
en-us	This paper presents a novel unsupervised image classification method for Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) data. The proposed method is based on a discriminative clustering framework that explicitly relies on a discriminative supervised classification technique to perform unsupervised clustering.

zh-cn	为实现该算法，定义了一个结合softmax回归模型和马尔科夫随机场光滑性约束的能量函数。
en-us	To implement this idea, an energy function is designed for unsupervised PolSAR image classification by combining a supervised Softmax Regression (SR) model with a Markov Random Field (MRF) smoothness constraint.

zh-cn	该模型中，像素类标和分类器均为需要优化的未知变量。
en-us	Inthis model, both the pixelwise class labels and classifiers are taken as unknown variables to be optimized.

zh-cn	该算法从基于目标极化分解和K-Wishart极化统计分布而产生的初始化类标开始，交替迭代优化分类器和类标的能量函数，从而实现对分类器和类标的求解。
en-us	Starting from the initialized class labels generated by Cloude-Pottier decomposition and K-Wishart distribution hypothesis, the classifiers and class labels are iteratively optimized by alternately minimizing the energy function with respect to them. Finally, the optimized class labels are taken as the classification result, and the classifiers for different classes are also derived as a side effect.

zh-cn	真实极化SAR数据上的实验结果证明了该算法的有效性和先进性。
en-us	This approach is applied to real PolSAR benchmark data. Extensive experiments justify that the proposed approach can effectively classify the PolSARimage in an unsupervised way and produce higher accuracies than the compared state-of-the-art methods.

zh-cn	针对目前协同显著性检测问题中存在的协同性较差、误匹配和复杂场景下检测效果不佳等问题，该文提出一种基于卷积神经网络与全局优化的协同显著性检测算法。
en-us	To solve the problems in current co-saliency detection algorithms, a novel co-saliency detection algorithm is proposed which applies fully convolution neural network and global optimization model.

zh-cn	首先基于VGG16Net构建了全卷积结构的显著性检测网络，该网络能够模拟人类视觉注意机制，从高级语义层次提取一幅图像中的显著性区域；
en-us	First, afully convolution saliency detection network is built based on VGG16Net. The network can simulate the humanvisual attention mechanism and extract the saliency region in an image from the semantic level.

zh-cn	然后在传统单幅图像显著性优化模型的基础上构造了全局协同显著性优化模型。该模型通过超像素匹配机制，实现当前超像素块显著值在图像内与图像间的传播与共享，使得优化后的显著图相对于初始显著图具有更好的协同性与一致性。
en-us	Second, based on the traditional saliency optimization model, the global co-saliency optimization model is constructed, which realizes the transmission and sharing of the current superpixel saliency value in inter-images and intra-image through superpixel matching, making the final saliency map has better co-saliency value.

zh-cn	最后，该文创新性地引入图像间显著性传播约束因子来克服超像素误匹配带来的影响。
en-us	Third, the inter-image saliency value propagation constraint parameter is innovatively introduced to overcome the disadvantages of superpixel mismatching.

zh-cn	在公开测试数据集上的实验结果表明，所提算法在检测精度和检测效率上优于目前的主流算法，并具有较强的鲁棒性。
en-us	Experimental results on public test datasets show that the proposed algorithm issuperior over current state-of-the-art methods in terms of detection accuracy and detection efficiency, and hasstrong robustness.

zh-cn	车辆检测是遥感图像分析领域的热点研究内容之一，车辆目标的智能提取和识别，对于交通管理、城市建设有重要意义。
en-us	Vehicle detection is one of the hotspots in the field of remote sensing image analysis. The intelligent extraction and identification of vehicles are of great significance to traffic management and urban construction.

zh-cn	在遥感领域中，现有基于卷积神经网络的车辆检测方法存在实现过程复杂并且对于车辆密集区域检测效果不理想的缺陷。
en-us	In remote sensing field, the existing methods of vehicle detection based on Convolution Neural Network (CNN)are complicated and most of these methods have poor performance for dense areas.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，该文提出基于端到端的神经网络模型DF-RCNN以提高车辆密集区域的检测精度。
en-us	To solve above problems, anend-to-end neural network model named DF-RCNN is presented to solve the detecting difficulty in dense areas.

zh-cn	首先，在特征提取阶段，DF-RCNN模型将深浅层特征图的分辨率统一并融合；
en-us	Firstly, the model unifies the resolution of the deep and shallow feature maps and combines them.

zh-cn	其次，DF-RCNN模型结合可变形卷积和可变形感兴趣区池化模块，通过加入少量的参数和计算量以学习目标的几何形变。
en-us	After that,the deformable convolution and RoI pooling are used to study the geometrical deformation of the target byadding a small number of parameters and calculations.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文提出的模型针对密集区域的车辆目标具有较好的检测性能。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed model hasgood detection performance for vehicle targets in dense areas.

zh-cn	在当前的网络体系结构下，采用硬件系统实现服务器集群负载均衡存在着获取负载节点状态困难、流量导向方式复杂等制约因素，不利于提升服务器集群的伸缩性和服务性能。
en-us	Under the present network architecture, it is disadvantageous for scalability and service performanceof server cluster to adopt hardware systems to realize load balancing of server cluster, because there are somerestriction factors in such a method, including the difficulty of acquiring load nodes status and the complexityof redirecting traffic, etc.

zh-cn	针对此问题，该文提出一种基于软件定义网络(SDN)的负载均衡机制(SDNLB)。
en-us	To solve the problem, a Load Balancing mechanism based on Software-DefinedNetworking (SDNLB) is proposed.

zh-cn	该机制借助SDN具有的集中式控制和流量灵活调度优势，利用SNMP协议和OpenFlow协议对服务器的运行状态和全局网络负载信息进行实时监测，并通过权值计算的方式选择出权重最高的服务器作为流处理的目标服务器，
en-us	With superiorities of SDN such as centralized control and flexible traffic scheduling, SDNLB monitors run states of servers and overall network load information by means of SNMP protocol and OpenFlow protocol in real time, and chooses the highest weight server as target server aiming for processing coming flows through the way of weight value calculation.

zh-cn	在此基础上，采用最优转发路径算法进行流量调度，从而达到提高服务器集群的利用率与处理性能的目的。
en-us	On this basis, SDNLB takes fulladvantage of the optimal forwarding path algorithm to carry on traffic scheduling, and achieves the goal thatraises utilization rate and processing performance of server cluster.

zh-cn	搭建了实验平台对SDNLB的性能进行仿真测试，实验结果表明：在相同的网络负载条件下，SDNLB与其他负载均衡算法相比，能够有效地降低服务器集群的负载，并能够显著提高网络吞吐量和带宽利用率，缩短流的完成时间和平均时延。
en-us	An experiment platform is built to carry out simulation tests for overall performance of SDNLB, and the experiment results show that under the same network load conditions, SDNLB lowers effectively loads of server cluster, noticeably raises network throughput and bandwidth utilization, and reduces finish time and average latency of flows, compared with other load balancing algorithms.

zh-cn	在多基地雷达中，该文为解决局部雷达站同融合中心之间通信带宽受限的问题，提出一种基于删失数据的分布式融合(CDDF)检测算法。
en-us	In multistatic radar, a Censored Data-Based Decentralized Fusion (CDDF) is proposed to address theissue of fusing local observations with communication constraints.

zh-cn	在局部雷达站具有多通道接收系统的条件下，计算了杂波背景下动目标回波信号的似然比函数。
en-us	The local likelihood ratio is calculated basedon the observation of moving target immersed in clutter, where the local radar site possesses a coherent multi-channel array.

zh-cn	各个局部雷达站根据其自身传输信道的通信限制设置局部门限，剔除低于局部门限的似然比，同时将高于局部门限的似然比向融合中心传输。
en-us	Each local radar site transmits if and only if their observations’ likelihood ratios exceed the local thresholds, which determine the communication rates.

zh-cn	基于奈曼-皮尔逊引理，融合中心根据接收到的删失数据计算全局检验统计量，并将其与全局门限进行比较获得全局判决。
en-us	By virtue of the Neyman-Pearson lemma, the global test statistic can be achieved by combining received censored data. The fusion center makes a global decision through comparing the global test statistic with a global threshold.

zh-cn	此外，该文推导了全局门限同虚警概率或者检测概率的闭式表达式。
en-us	Besides, the closed-form expression ofprobability of false alarm or probability of detection is also derived in this paper.

zh-cn	数值仿真表明，该算法可以在大幅降低通信率的同时获得比“或”准则更好的检测性能，并且随着通信率的增加逐渐逼近集中式(CF)融合的检测性能。
en-us	Numerical simulation showsthat the CDDF has better performance than “OR” rule, while approaching the performance of CentralizedFusion (CF) with the increase of the communication rate.

zh-cn	针对网络节点随机移动造成的AdHoc网络分簇结构变化和路由失效问题，该文提出一种基于相对移动性预测的k跳分簇算法，分析和预测网络节点运动状态，自适应地调整分簇结构，提高簇结构稳定性。
en-us	To solve the problem of network structure change and route failure caused by random movement ofnetwork nodes, a relative mobility prediction based k-hop clustering algorithm is proposed, the movement ofnodes are analyzed and predicted, the cluster structure is adjusted adaptively, the stability of cluster structureis improved.

zh-cn	首先，使用多普勒频移计算节点间相对移动速度，预测节点移动性，得到节点间链路保持时间。
en-us	First, the Doppler shift is used to calculate the relative moving speed and obtain the linkexpiration time between nodes.

zh-cn	然后，在簇形成阶段，采用面向节点稳定性的MAX-MIN启发式算法，根据节点的平均链路保持时间对簇首进行选择。
en-us	Then, during the cluster formation stage, the MAX-MIN heuristic algorithm isused to select the cluster head according to the average link expiration time of the node.

zh-cn	进而，在簇保持阶段，提出一种基于节点运动状态的网络自适应调整算法，
en-us	Furthermore, during the cluster maintenance stage, a network adaptive adjustment method is proposed based on node motion.

zh-cn	一方面调整节点信息数据发送周期以平衡数据开销和精确度，
en-us	On the one hand, the node information transmission cycle is adjusted to balance the data overhead and accuracy;

zh-cn	另一方面通过预测节点间链路通断情况调整分簇结构，以减少链路失效时的链路重建时间，提高网络运行质量。
en-us	On the other hand, the cluster structure is adjusted by predicting the link disconnection to reduce link reconstruction time and improve the quality of network operation.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，所提算法可以有效延长簇首持续时间，提高簇结构在动态环境下的稳定性。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively prolong the duration of cluster head and improve the stability of cluster structure in dynamic environment.

zh-cn	针对系统误差导致光流计算稳健性较差及精度较低的问题，该文提出一种基于小波多分辨理论的稳健光流计算方法。
en-us	Focusing on the issue that the systematic errors lead to poor robustness and low accuracy of optical flow calculation, a robust optical flow calculation method is proposed in this paper, which is based on the wavelet multi-resolution theory.

zh-cn	所提算法基于小波多尺度分辨率特性，将光照条件变化及传感器噪声引起的系统误差包含进光流计算中以改善光流计算的稳健性及估计精度，并通过总体最小二乘法求解超定小波光流方程组以获得光流矢量。
en-us	With the multi-resolution characteristics of wavelet, the system error causedby variation of illumination conditions and sensor noise is incorporated into the calculation of optical flow toimprove the robustness and estimation accuracy. In what follows, the total least square method is used to solvethe over-determined wavelet optical flow equations to obtain the optical flow vector.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与传统的Lucas-Kanade算法、Horn-Schunck算法及基于小波的全向图像光流估计方法相比，所提算法可显著改善光流估计精度及稳健性。
en-us	As compared to thetraditional Lucas-Kanade approach, Horn-Schunck method and optical flow estimation in omnidirectionalimages using wavelet approach, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improvethe accuracy of optical flow estimation and the robustness of the optical flow field.

zh-cn	Wi-Fi室内定位技术是目前移动计算领域的研究热点之一，而传统位置指纹定位方法没有考虑复杂室内环境下Wi-Fi信号分布的多样性问题，从而导致Wi-Fi室内定位系统的鲁棒性较差。
en-us	Wi-Fi indoor localization technique is one of the current research hotspots in the field of mobile computing, however, the conventional location fingerprinting based localization scheme does not consider the diversity of Wi-Fi signal distribution in the complicated indoor environment, resulting in the low robustness of indoor localization system.

zh-cn	为了解决这一问题，该文提出一种基于信号分布混合假设检验的Wi-Fi室内定位方法。
en-us	To address this problem, a new hybrid hypothesis test of signal distribution for Wi-Fi indoor localization is proposed.

zh-cn	首先根据Jarque-Bera(JB)检验结果对各个参考点处的Wi-Fi信号分布进行正态性评价；
en-us	Specifically, the Jarque-Bera (JB) test is conducted to examine the normalityof Wi-Fi signal distribution at each Reference Point (RP).

zh-cn	然后针对不同Wi-Fi信号分布特性，利用混合Mann-Whitney U检验/T检验方法构造匹配参考点集合，以实现对目标的区域定位；
en-us	Then, according to the different Wi-Fi signaldistributions, the hybrid Mann-Whitney U test and T test approaches are used to construct the set of matchingreference points with the purpose of realizing the area localization.

zh-cn	最后通过计算定位区域中匹配参考点的K近邻(K-NearestNeighbor, KNN)，完成对目标的位置坐标估计。
en-us	Finally, by calculating the K-NearestNeighbor (KNN) of matching reference points in the located area, the location coordinate of the target isobtained.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法相比于传统Wi-Fi室内定位方法具有更高的定位精度和更强的系统鲁棒性。
en-us	The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is featured with higher localization accuracy as well as stronger system robustness compared with the conventional Wi-Fi indoor localization approaches.

zh-cn	为提升全色图像和多光谱图像的融合效果，该文提出基于优化字典学习的遥感图像融合方法。
en-us	In order to improve the fusion quality of panchromatic image and multi-spectral image, a remote sensing image fusion method based on optimized dictionary learning is proposed.

zh-cn	首先将经典图像库中的图像分块作为训练样本，对其进行K均值聚类，根据聚类结果适度裁减数量较多且相似度较高的图像块，减少训练样本个数。
en-us	Firstly, K-means cluster is applied to image blocks in the image database, and then image blocks with high similarity are removed partly in order to improve the training efficiency.

zh-cn	接着对裁减后的训练样本进行训练，得到通用性字典，并标记出相似字典原子和较少使用的字典原子。
en-us	While obtaining a universal dictionary, the similar dictionary atomsand less used dictionary atoms are marked for further research.

zh-cn	然后用与原稀疏模型差异最大的全色图像块规范化后替换相似字典原子和较少使用的字典原子，得到自适应字典。
en-us	Secondly, similar dictionary atoms and less useddictionary atoms are replaced by panchromatic image blocks with the largest difference from the original sparsemodel to obtain an adaptive dictionary.

zh-cn	使用自适应字典对多光谱图像经IHS变换后获取的亮度分量和源全色图像进行稀疏表示，把每一个图像块稀疏系数中的模极大值系数分离，得到极大值稀疏系数，将剩下的稀疏系数称为剩余稀疏系数。
en-us	Furthermore the adaptive dictionary is used to sparse represent theintensity component and panchromatic image, the modulus maxima coefficients in the sparse coefficients ofeach image blocks are separated to obtain maximal sparse coefficients, and the remaining sparse coefficients arecalled residual sparse coefficients.

zh-cn	针对极大值稀疏系数和剩余稀疏系数分别选择不同的融合规则进行融合，以保留更多的光谱信息和空间细节信息，最后进行IHS逆变换获得融合图像。
en-us	Then, each part is fused by different fusion rules to preserve more spectral and spatial detail information. Finally, inverse IHS transform is employed to obtain the fused image.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与传统方法相比所提方法得到的融合图像主观视觉效果较好，且客观评价指标更优。
en-us	Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method provides better spectral quality and superior spatial information in the fused image than its counterparts.

zh-cn	在无源雷达系统中，监测通道信号中存在零频和非零频多径杂波，影响目标的检测。
en-us	In passive bistatic radar systems, there exists the zero and non-zero Doppler shift multipath clutter inthe surveillance channel. The multipath clutter affects the target detection.

zh-cn	时域自适应迭代滤波器(如LMS, NLMS, RLS等)常被用于无源雷达杂波抑制，但这些方法只适用于零频多径杂波。
en-us	Temporal adaptive iterative filter such as Least Mean Square (LMS), Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) and Recursive Least Square (RLS)are often used to reject multipath clutter in passive bistatic radar, but these methods are only applicable to reject zero Doppler shift multipath clutter.

zh-cn	该文针对零频和非零频多径杂波的问题，结合数字广播电视信号的正交频分复用波形特征，提出一种基于载波域自适应迭代滤波器的杂波抑制算法。
en-us	To solve the problem of zero and non-zero Doppler shift multipath clutter, combined with the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform features of digital broadcasting television signals, a clutter rejection algorithm is proposed based on carrier domain adaptive iterative filter.

zh-cn	该算法利用同一载频下含有相同多普勒频移的多径杂波的相关性原理，进行杂波抑制。
en-us	The algorithm utilizes the correlation of multipath clutter with the same Doppler shift at the same carrier frequency in subcarrier domain to reject the zero and non-zero Doppler shift multipath clutter.

zh-cn	仿真和实测数据处理结果证明了算法的有效性。
en-us	Simulation and experiment data processing results show the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	属性基加密可以为雾-云计算中的数据提供机密性保护和细粒度访问控制，但雾-云计算系统中的移动设备难以承担属性基加密的繁重计算负担。
en-us	Attribute based encryption can provide data confidentiality protection and fine-grained access control for fog-cloud computing, however mobile devices in fog cloud computing system are difficult to bear the burdensome computing burden of attribute based encryption.

zh-cn	为解决该问题，该文提出一种可验证外包解密的离线/在线属性基加密方案。
en-us	In order to address this problem, an offline/onlineciphertext-plicy attribute-based encryption scheme is presented with verifiable outsourced decryption based onthe bilinear group of prime order.

zh-cn	该方案能够实现离线/在线的密钥生成和数据加密，同时支持可验证外包解密。
en-us	It can realize the offline/online key generation and data encryption. Simultaneously, it supports the verifiable outsourced decryption.

zh-cn	然后，给出方案的选择明文攻击的安全证明和可验证性的安全证明。
en-us	Then, the formal security proofs of itsselective chosen plaintext attack security and verifiability are provided.

zh-cn	之后，该文将转换阶段所需双线性对的计算量降为恒定常数。
en-us	After that, the improved offline/online ciphertext-plicy attribute-based encryption scheme with verifiable outsourced decryption is presented, which reduces the number of bilinear pairings from linear to constant in the transformation phase.

zh-cn	最后，从理论和实验两方面对所提方案进行性能分析，实验结果表明该方案是有效且实用的。
en-us	Finally, the efficiency of the proposed scheme is analyzed and verified through theoretical analysis and experimental simulation. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is efficient and practical.

zh-cn	为了更好地将散射中心与目标结构联系起来，该文基于目标几何模型给出一种在单次和2次耦合散射机理下雷达目标部件级3维散射中心位置正向推算方法。
en-us	To link better scattering centers with target structures, a forward method is presented to deduce the component-level 3-D scattering center position of radar target under the mechanisms of single and double scattering based on target geometric model.

zh-cn	重点探究了2次耦合散射机理下强散射情况的射线等效位置确定原理及方法。
en-us	Under the mechanism of double scattering, the principle andmethod for determining the ray equivalent position is introduced especially under the situation of strongscattering.

zh-cn	对其他弱散射情况，应用等价变换等效为强散射情况。
en-us	As for other weak scattering situations, the equivalent transformation is used to transform the weakscattering situations to the strong one.

zh-cn	最后，使用此位置推算方法推导并分析了直角二面角，钝角二面角，SLICY, T72坦克模型的部件级3维散射中心位置，并与相应的仿真或实测SAR图像进行比对以验证此位置推算方法的正确性。
en-us	Finally, this position derivation method is applied to the models of rightdihedral angle, obtuse dihedral angle, SLICY and T72 tank to deduce and analyze their component-levelscattering center positions. The corresponding simulated or actual SAR images are used for contrast to validatethe accuracy of the position derivation method.

zh-cn	传统合成孔径雷达方位向分辨率仅由合成孔径提供，但在正前视区域多普勒分集有限，成像性能迅速下降且前视成像也存在固有的左右多普勒模糊问题。
en-us	The azimuth resolution of traditional synthetic aperture radar is only provided by synthetic aperture. However, in the forward looking area, the Doppler diversity is limited, so the imaging performance declinesrapidly.

zh-cn	针对上述问题该文讨论前视多通道合成孔径雷达系统模型，提出一种理想直线航迹下空域零点约束自适应波束形成的成像方法，
en-us	And forward looking imaging also has the Doppler ambiguity problem. In this paper, an adaptive beamforming method with spatial confinement under ideal line track is proposed.

zh-cn	有效综合阵列实孔径和合成孔径提高正前视区域的成像质量，利用有限阵列空域自由度实现左右多普勒解模糊。
en-us	The imaging quality of the positive forward region is improved effectively by combining the array of real aperture and synthetic aperture, and the Doppler solution is blurred by using the array space domain.

zh-cn	首先对回波数据大前斜成像处理，得到左右模糊的图像，
en-us	First, the echo data is processed by High SquintSAR imaging to obtain the blurred image.

zh-cn	然后进行波束形成，将各通道图像加权并且相干累加，实现左右多普勒解模糊以及方位分辨率增强。
en-us	Then the beam-forming is performed, weighted and coherentaccumulated with each channel image, so as to resolve Doppler ambiguity and enhance the azimuth resolution.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明空域零点约束自适应波束形成的成像方法可对前视场景进行高分辨成像。
en-us	Simulation confirms the validity of the proposed approach. A novel power frequency electric field measurement system based on high-performance MEMS electricfield sensing chips is developed.

zh-cn	该文基于高性能的MEMS电场敏感芯片研制出一种新型的工频电场测量系统。
en-us	Based on cross-correlation detection principle, a power frequency electric field demodulation algorithm of MEMS sensing chips that can inhibit background interference noise is proposed.

zh-cn	设计出小型化、空间分辨力高的工频电场测量探头，并在基础上提出MEMS工频电场测量系统的系统级设计方案，成功实现了MEMS电场敏感芯片输出信号的无线采集、滤波、以及电场信号的高精度解调。
en-us	And a small-scale, high-resolution electric field measuring probe is designed. Moreover, the system overall structure scheme is designed for implementation of high-accuracy demodulation electric field signals.

zh-cn	高压输电线路下工频电场测量结果表明，MEMS工频电场测量系统与传统电场测量仪的测量结果具有良好的一致性。
en-us	The test result under power lines shows that the plotted curves of the developed MEMS system are consistent with Narda EFA-300.

zh-cn	无线供电技术是延长无线网络节点寿命的有效方案。
en-us	Wireless powered technology is an effective way to extend the lifetime of wireless network nodes.

zh-cn	该文研究一个由基站和多个分簇用户组成的无线供电混合多址接入系统。
en-us	A wireless powered hybrid multiple access system is studied that is consist of a base station and multiple users in clusters.

zh-cn	系统的传输分为两个阶段。
en-us	The transmission of the system is divided into two phases.

zh-cn	在第1阶段，基站向用户广播能量；
en-us	The base station broadcasts energy to theusers in the first phase.

zh-cn	在第2阶段，用户向基站传输信息。
en-us	The users transmit information to the base station in the second phase.

zh-cn	用户簇和用户簇之间采用时分多址接入，分时传输；同一簇内多个用户采用非正交多址接入，同时传输。
en-us	The users among different clusters transmit in the time division multiple access manner, while the users in the same cluster transmit in the non-orthogonal multiple access manner.

zh-cn	该文研究联合优化系统的各阶段的传输时间、基站的发射功率、用户的发射功率等资源，分别以优化网络频谱效率和用户簇之间的公平性为目的，提出最大化网络吞吐量和最大化用户簇的最小吞吐量的联合资源分配算法。
en-us	Joint phase time duration allocation and power allocation are investigated at the base station and the users in order to improve the spectrum efficiency and user fairness, respectively. Two algorithms are proposed, which maximize the system throughput and theminimum throughput of the clusters, respectively.

zh-cn	研究结果表明所提的两种算法分别能有效提高系统的频谱效率和保证用户簇之间的公平性。
en-us	Simulation results show that the two proposed algorithmscan effectively increase spectral efficiency and guarantee fairness of user clusters, respectively.

zh-cn	物联网逐渐成为学术界研究的热点领域，无处不在的传感器设备促进了传感器搜索服务的产生。
en-us	The Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a hot research area, and tens of billions of devices are being connected to the Internet which are advancing on the sensor search service.

zh-cn	物联网中搜索的强时空性、海量数据的异构性与传感器节点的资源受限性，给物联网搜索引擎高效地查询传感器提出了挑战。
en-us	IoT features (searches are strong spatiotemporal variability, limited resources of the sensor, and mass heterogeneous dynamic data) raise a challenge to the search engines for efficiently and effectively searching and selecting the sensors.

zh-cn	该文提出基于传感器定量数值的线性分段拟合相似性(PLSS)搜索算法。
en-us	In this paper,Piecewise-Linear fitting Sensor Similarity (PLSS) search method is proposed.

zh-cn	PLSS算法通过分段和线性拟合的方法，构建传感器定量数值的相似性计算模型，从而计算传感器的相似度，根据相似度查找最相似的传感器集群。
en-us	Based on the content values,PLSS calculates the sensor similarity models to search most similarity sensors.

zh-cn	与模糊集(FUZZY)算法和最小二乘法相比，PLSS算法平均查询精度和查询效率较高。
en-us	PLSS improves the accuracy and efficiency of search compared with FUZZY set algorithm (FUZZY) and least squares method.

zh-cn	与原数据相比，PLSS算法的存储开销至少降低了两个数量级。
en-us	PLSS storagecosts are at least two order of magnitude less than raw data.

zh-cn	异构聚合签密方案不仅可以保证异构密码系统之间数据的机密性和不可伪造性，而且可以提供多个密文批量验证。
en-us	The privacy preserving aggregate signcryption for heterogeneous systems can ensure the confidentiality and unforgeability of the data between heterogeneous cryptosystems, it also can provide multi-ciphertext batch verification.

zh-cn	该文分析了一个具有隐私保护功能的异构聚合签密方案的安全性，指出该方案不能抵挡恶意密钥生成中心(KGC)攻击，恶意KGC可以伪造有效的单密文和聚合密文。
en-us	This paper analyzes the security of a scheme with privacy-preserving aggregate signcryption heterogeneous, and points out that the scheme can not resist the attack of malicious Key Generating Center (KGC), it can forge a valid ciphertext.

zh-cn	为了提高原方案的安全性，该文提出一种新的具有隐私保护功能的异构聚合签密方案。
en-us	In order to improve the security of the original scheme, a new heterogeneous aggregation signature scheme with privacy protection function is proposed.

zh-cn	该方案克服了原方案存在的安全性问题，实现了无证书密码环境到身份密码环境之间的数据安全传输，在随机预言机模型下证明新方案的安全性。
en-us	The new scheme overcomes the security problems existing in the original scheme and ensures the data transmission between the certificateless public key cryptography and the identity-based public key cryptographic, and the security of the new scheme is proved under the random oracle model.

zh-cn	效率分析表明新方案与原方案效率相当。
en-us	Efficiency analysis shows that the newprogram is equivalent to the original one.

zh-cn	可分辨概率是用来衡量SAR分布目标分辨特性的重要指标。
en-us	The separable probability is a significant criterion to evaluate the resolution characteristics of SAR distribution targets.

zh-cn	该文在细化目标可分辨条件的基础上，结合SAR分布目标统计特性，提出一种新的目标可分辨判断准则，给出一种可分辨概率精确计算方法。
en-us	On the basis of refining the separable condition of targets and taking the statisticcharacteristic of SAR distribution targets into consideration, a new separable judgment criterion for targets isproposed, and a precise calculation method of the separable probability is deduced.

zh-cn	同时为了简化计算，给出计算复杂度更小的近似计算方法。
en-us	Besides, in order to simplify the calculation, the approximate calculation method with less computational complexity is presented.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文提出的可分辨概率计算方法符合实际情况，能够更真实地反映SAR分布目标统计特性对分辨特性的影响，可为SAR图像质量评估和系统参数设计等提供理论支撑。
en-us	It isshown in the simulation results that the proposed method is in accordance with the actual situation, which canreflect the effect of the statistic characteristic of SAR distribution target on the resolution characteristic, andcan provide theoretical support for the SAR image quality evaluation and system parameter design.

zh-cn	在相干分布式非圆信号2维波达方向(DOA)估计中，针对利用非圆特性后维数扩展带来的较大复杂度问题，且现有的低复杂度算法均需要额外的参数匹配，该文提出一种基于互相关传播算子的自动匹配2维DOA快速估计算法。
en-us	In the two-dimensional Direction Of Arrival (DOA) estimation of coherently distributed noncircular sources, the problem of large complexity is caused by dimension expansion after exploiting noncircular property, meanwhile the existing low-complexity algorithms all require additional parameter pairing procedure. To solve these problems, a rapid DOA estimation algorithm with automatic pairing is proposed for coherently distributed noncircular sources based on cross-correlation propagator.

zh-cn	该算法考虑L型阵列，在建立相干分布式非圆信号扩展阵列模型的基础上，首先证明了L阵中两个子阵的广义方向矢量(GSV)均具有近似旋转不变特性，
en-us	The L-shaped array is considered. Firstly,the extended array manifold model is established by exploiting the noncircularity of the signal, and then it is proved that there are approximate rotational invariance relationships in the Generalized Steering Vectors(GSVs) of two subarrays of the L array.

zh-cn	然后通过阵列输出信号的互相关运算消除了额外噪声，
en-us	At the same time, the extra noise can be eliminated by the cross-correlation matrix of the array output signals.

zh-cn	最终利用子阵GSV的近似旋转不变关系通过传播算子方法得到中心方位角与俯仰角估计。
en-us	Finally, on the basis of the approximate rotational invariance relationships of the sub-arrays, the center azimuth and elevation DOAs can be obtained by propagator method.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真实验表明，所提算法无须谱峰搜索和协方差矩阵特征分解运算，具有较低的计算复杂度，并且能够实现2维DOA估计的自动匹配；
en-us	Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that without the spectrum searching and eigenvaluedecomposition of the sample covariance matrix, the proposed algorithm has low computational complexity.Moreover, it can automatically pair the estimated central azimuth and central elevation DOAs.

zh-cn	同时，相比于现有的相干分布式非圆信号传播算子算法，所提算法以较小的复杂度代价获得了性能的较大提升。
en-us	In addition,compared with the existing propagation method for coherently distributed noncircular sources, the proposedalgorithm can achieve higher estimation accuracy with the small complexity cost.

zh-cn	在室内覆盖的大量的WiFi信号可以用来室内定位。尽管很多WiFi室内定位技术被提出，但其定位精度仍然未达到实际应用的需求。
en-us	There are a large number of indoor WiFi signals which can be used for indoor positioning. Although many WiFi indoor positioning technology is proposed, it's positioning accuracy still does not meet the actual application requirements.

zh-cn	针对这个问题，该文提出一种自适应仿射传播聚类(AAPC)算法用以提高WiFi指纹的聚类质量，从而提高定位精度。
en-us	For this problem, an Adaptive Affinity Propagation Clustering (AAPC) algorithm isproposed to improve the clustering quality of WiFi fingerprint, thus improving the positioning accuracy.

zh-cn	AAPC算法通过动态调整参数生成不同的聚类结果，然后采用聚类有效性指标筛选出其中最佳的。
en-us	TheAAPC algorithm generates different clustering results by dynamically adjusting parameters, then clustervalidity indices are used to select the best ones.

zh-cn	采集大量真实环境数据进行试验，试验结果表明采用AAPC算法产生的聚类结果具有更高的定位精度。
en-us	A large number of real environmental data are collected andtested. The experimental results show that the clustering results generated by AAPC algorithm have higherpositioning accuracy.

zh-cn	该文针对低信噪比噪声环境下的声音事件检测问题，提出基于多频带能量分布图离散余弦变换的声音事件检测的方法。
en-us	As to the problem of sound event detection in low Signal-Noise-Ratio (SNR) noise environments, a method is proposed based on discrete cosine transform coefficients extracted from multi-band power distribution image.

zh-cn	首先，将声音数据转化为gammatone频谱，并计算其多频带能量分布；
en-us	First, by using gammatone spectrogram analysis, sound signal is transformed into multi-band power distribution image.

zh-cn	接着，对多频带能量分布图进行8×8分块与离散余弦变换；
en-us	Next, 8×8 size blocking and discrete cosine transform are applied to analyze themulti-band power distribution image.

zh-cn	然后，对8×8的离散余弦变换系数进行Zigzag扫描，抽取离散余弦变换系数的主要系数作为声音事件的特征；
en-us	Based on the main Zigzag coefficients which are scanned from the discretecosine transform coefficients, features of sound event are constructed.

zh-cn	最后，利用随机森林分类器对特征建模与检测。
en-us	Finally, features are modeled anddetected through random forests classifier.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在低信噪比及各种噪声环境下，该文提出的方法具有良好的检测效果。
en-us	The results show that the proposed method achieves a better detection performance in low SNR comparing to other methods.

zh-cn	针对云无线接入网络(C-RAN)的资源分配问题，该文采用max-min公平准则作为优化准则，以C-RAN用户的能量效率作为优化目标函数，在满足最大发射功率和最小传输速率约束条件下，通过最大化最差链路的能量效率来实现用户发射功率和无线远端射频单元(RRHs)波束成形向量的联合优化。
en-us	The resource allocation for Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is investigated. The max-minfairness criterion is used as the optimization criterion and the Energy Efficiency (EE) of C-RAN users is takenas the optimization objective function, by maximizing the EE of the worst link under the constraints ofmaximum transmit power and minimum transmit rate, the user transmit power and Remote Radio Heads(RRHs) beamforming vectors are jointly optimized.

zh-cn	上述优化问题属于非线性、分式规划问题，为了方便求解，首先将原优化问题转化为差分形式的优化问题，
en-us	The above optimization problem belongs to the nonlinearand fractional programming problem. First, the original nonconvex optimization problem is transformed into anequivalent optimization problem in subtractive form.

zh-cn	然后通过引入变量将差分形式的、非平滑优化问题转化为平滑优化问题。
en-us	Then, by introducing a new variable, non-smoothequivalent optimization problem is transformed into a smooth optimization problem.

zh-cn	最终，提出一种双层迭代功率分配和波束成形算法。
en-us	Finally, a two-layeriterative power allocation and beamforming algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	在仿真实验中，将该文算法与传统的非能效资源分配算法和能量效率最大化算法进行了比较，
en-us	The proposed algorithm is compared with traditional non-EE resource allocation algorithm and EE maximization algorithm.

zh-cn	实验结果证明该文算法在改进C-RAN能量效率和提高资源分配公平性方面的有效性。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective in improving the EE and the fairness of resource allocation.

zh-cn	目前各大卫星导航系统均存在伪距偏差问题，该现象不但不能通过差分的方式进行抵消，在进行双频电离层误差修正时还会被进一步放大，对卫星导航系统服务精度的提高已构成严重危害。
en-us	Due to the distortions of the broadcasted satellite signals and the inconsistencies of parametersettings for different receivers, the single difference or double difference of pseudo-ranges between two receiversare different for two pair of different receivers. Bias inconsistencies will lead to adverse effects for pseudo-range-based positioning applications. Pseudo-range biases can also hinder carrier-phase ambiguity resolution.

zh-cn	然而目前国内对北斗系统伪距偏差产生机理研究甚少，
en-us	However, fewer articles deal with pseudo-range biases for BeiDou navigation satellite System (BDS).

zh-cn	为了最大程度降低伪距偏差对我国北斗卫星导航系统影响，该文首先深入并详细研究了伪距偏差产生机理及特点，
en-us	In order to mitigate the impact of biases on BDS to the greatest extent, the generation mechanisms and characteristics of pseudo-range biases are studied in detail firstly.

zh-cn	在此基础上设计了试验验证方案，利用国内昊平观测站40 m大口径天线，准确测试并评估了所有北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)在轨可视卫星伪距偏差结果。
en-us	Then based on this, experimental verification methods aredesigned using Haoping Radio Observatory (HRO) of Chinese Academy of Sciences to observe BDS signals.Pseudo-range biases of all visible BDS satellites are measured and evaluated with high accuracy, using the 40meters dish antenna and modern equipment of HRO.

zh-cn	最后根据试验测试结果，提出针对北斗卫星导航系统的接收机主要参数设置建议，从而能够最大程度上减小伪距偏差问题带来的测距误差和定位误差。
en-us	Finally, some important parameters of BDS receivers, such as the correlator spacing and front-end bandwidth, are suggested to mitigate the ranging errors and positioning errors result from pseudo-range biases.

zh-cn	该文的研究成果可为GNSS信号设计及实现、GNSS监测评估及用户终端参数设置提供有价值的参考依据。
en-us	The achievements of this paper can provide a worthyreference for GNSS signal designers, GNSS monitoring and assessment and GNSS receiver designers.

zh-cn	在弹载曲线轨迹双基SAR成像中，三轴速度与加速度降低了传统的双基等效斜距模型精度，也使得基于匀速直线平飞轨迹模型的极坐标格式算法(PFA)不再适用。
en-us	The traditional bistatic equivalent range model has low accuracy and make the traditional PolarFormat Algorithm (PFA) are inapplicable in missile-borne bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging with curved track due to the existing of three-axis velocity and acceleration.

zh-cn	受双平台加速度引入的空变运动误差影响，传统的分子块补偿方法会造成图像子块间地物景象不连续问题，影响后续的图像匹配应用。
en-us	In addition, due to the existing of space-variant motion error introduced by acceleration, the traditional 2-D sub-block compensation method will cause the discontinuities between the image sub-blocks, thus affecting the subsequent image matching application.

zh-cn	针对这些问题，该文提出一种新的双基SAR成像算法——反向滤波PFA算法(BFPFA)，
en-us	In view of these problems, this paper proposes a Back-Filtering PFA algorithm (BFPFA) which isbased on the Improved Generalized Bistatic Equivalent Range Model (IGBERM).

zh-cn	该算法是基于改进的通用化双基等效斜距模型(IGBERM)，利用PFA插值将频谱投影到地距平面，通过构建空变相位误差与图像畸变联合补偿滤波器，并采用反向映射插值，实现在斜地转换过程中对运动误差、波前弯曲与图像畸变进行局部联合补偿，获得的无畸变双基SAR地距图更有利于后续的图像匹配应用。
en-us	Constructing the combined compensating filter of space-variant phase error and geometric distortion, as well as reverse mapping interpolation, can realize the combined compensation of motion error, wavefront bending and geometric distortion in the process of oblique conversion, and obtain the SAR distance map without distortion, which is more conducive to the subsequent image matching applications.

zh-cn	最后，仿真实验验证了所提算法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the simulations validate theeffectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	压缩感知多测量向量(MMV)模型用于解决具有相同稀疏结构的多快拍问题，在传统阵列信号处理应用中多重信号分类(MUSIC)方法是一种常见的方法，但当快拍数不足(低于稀疏度)时其性能将急剧恶化。
en-us	The Compressed Sensing (CS) Multiple Measurement Vector (MMV) model is used to solve multiple snapshots problem with the same sparse structure. MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) is a common method in traditional array signal processing applications. However, when the number of snapshots is below sparsity performance will be dramatically deteriorated.

zh-cn	Kim等人(2012)推导出一种修正的MUSIC谱，并将压缩重构方法和MUSIC算法结合提出压缩感知MUSIC算法(CS-MU-SIC)，能够有效克服快拍数不足的问题。
en-us	Kim et al. derive a modified MUSIC spectral methodand propose a Compressed Sensing MUSIC method (CS-MUSIC) combining the compression reconstructionmethod and the MUSIC algorithm, which can effectively overcome the problem of insufficient snapshot number.

zh-cn	该文将Kim等人的结论扩展到一般情形，并基于传统的MUSIC谱和CS-MUSIC谱提出一种修正的MUSIC算法(MMUSIC)。
en-us	In this paper, Kim et al.’s conclusion is extended to the general case, and a Modified MUSIC (MMUSIC)algorithm is proposed based on the traditional MUSIC method and the CS-MUSIC method.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明所提算法能够有效克服快拍数不足的问题，并且具有比CS-MUSIC算法和压缩感知贪婪算法更高的重构概率。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively overcome the shortage of snapshots and has a higher reconstruction probability than the CS-MUSIC algorithm and the compressed sensing greedy algorithm.

zh-cn	连续监测眼压对于辅助诊断与治疗青光眼疾病具有重要作用，现有的眼压传感器存在相对灵敏度较低、中心谐振频率较高、制作工艺难度大等问题。
en-us	Continuous monitoring of IntraOcular Pressure (IOP) plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of the glaucoma. Existing IOP sensors have some problems, such as low sensitivities, high central resonant frequencies and difficult fabrication.

zh-cn	为了解决上述问题，该文提出一种基于MEMS的非侵入式无线无源型眼压传感器。
en-us	In order to solve the afore mentioned problems, this paper presentsa wireless, passive and non-invasive IOP sensor based on MEMS technology.

zh-cn	该传感器为5层堆叠结构，采用Parylene作为柔性衬底层、铜作为电极层、PDMS作为介电层，其中电极层和介电层构成两个电感和两个电容，形成C-L-C-L串联谐振电路。
en-us	The sensor contains five stackedlayers, where Parylene, copper and PDMS are adopted as the functional materials within two flexible substratelayers, two electrode layers, and a dielectric layer, respectively. The electrode layers and the dielectric layerconsist of two inductors and two capacitors to form a resonant circuit in C-L-C-L series.

zh-cn	通过MEMS平面工艺和热塑形方法制作成能够与眼球紧密贴合的曲面形状，这种设计方案能有效地解决传感器的制作工艺难度大等问题。
en-us	In the term offabrication, a MEMS planar process followed by thermally shaping is proposed to fit curved surfaces of theeyeballs, and then this design scheme can effectively solve such issues as the difficulty in making the sensor andso on.

zh-cn	实验结果表明：该眼压传感器的中心谐振频率降低到了40 MHz，相对灵敏度达到1028.57 ppm/kPa，能够分辨出最小50 Pa(0.375 mmHg)的眼压值变化，为实现长期、连续性地监测眼压提供了技术支持。
en-us	Experimental results show that the central resonant frequency is decreased to 40 MHz, relative sensitivity is quantified as 1028.57 ppm/kPa, and resolution reached up to 50 Pa (0.375 mmHg). This study can be used for long-term, continuous monitoring of IOP.

zh-cn	俯冲合成孔径雷达(SAR)常采用大斜视子孔径成像来满足平台机动性和处理实时性；
en-us	The diving SAR usually adopts the highly squinted mode and sub-aperture to satisfy themaneuvering and real-time processing.

zh-cn	而大斜视模式下距离方位的严重耦合、斜视角沿距离向的空变及3维速度和加速度的存在会导致距离包络和方位相位的2维空变，严重影响成像质量。
en-us	However, the existence of severe range-azimuth coupling, range-dependent squint angle and three-dimension velocity and acceleration leads to the space variance of rangeenvelope and azimuth phase, which makes imagery unfocused seriously.

zh-cn	针对这些问题，该文提出一种新的两级频域滤波算法，
en-us	To solve these problems, a Two-stageFrequency Filtering Algorithm (TsFFA) is proposed.

zh-cn	在预处理后，首先引入第1级频域滤波因子以校正距离包络沿方位位置的空变以实现距离徙动统一校正，
en-us	After preprocessing, the First-stage Frequency Filtering(FsFF) factor is first introduced to correct azimuth-dependent Range Cell Migration (RCM) and realize theunified RCM correction.

zh-cn	然后采用第2级频域滤波校正方位多普勒参数的空变实现方位相位统一聚焦。
en-us	Furthermore, the Second-stage Frequency Filtering (SsFF) factor is adopted toequalize azimuth-dependent Doppler parameters and realize unified azimuth phase focused.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。
en-us	Simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

zh-cn	针对高动态环境下双二进制偏移载波(DBOC)调制信号无法精确捕获的问题，该文提出一种基于部分匹配滤波结合快速傅里叶变换(PMF-FFT)的捕获方法。
en-us	For the problem of without accurate acquisition of Double Binary Offset Carrier (DBOC) modulatedsignal for high dynamic environment, a method which is based on Partial Matched Filtering (PMF) - FastFourier Transform (FFT) is proposed.

zh-cn	又针对捕获过程中相关损失和扇贝损失引起的检测性能降低问题，提出一种改进的捕获方法。
en-us	According to the problem of low detection performance caused by therelated loss and scallop loss, a new improved acquisition scheme is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先利用离散多项式相位变换(DPT)去除接收信号的高阶动态项，然后针对DBOC信号重新设计PMF-FFT算法；
en-us	Firstly, the Discrete Polynomialphase Transform (DPT) is used to remove the high order dynamic term of the received signal, and then thePMF-FFT algorithm is redesigned for the DBOC signal.

zh-cn	最后利用频谱校正法对FFT后的功率谱最大值进行校正。
en-us	Finally, the spectrum correction method is used tocorrect the maximum power spectrum after FFT.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，在同一条件下，该方法将检测概率提高了2 dB左右，并且有效缩短了捕获时间。
en-us	Simulation results show that, under the same conditions, the proposed scheme improves the detection probability by about 2 dB, and shortens effectively the acquisition time.

zh-cn	强杂波背景下的弱小静止目标检测是毫米波机场跑道异物(FOD)检测雷达面临的核心问题。
en-us	Detection of stationary little targets in heavy ground clutter is the key problem facing the millimeterwave airport runway Foreign Object Debris (FOD) detection radar.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于功率谱特征和支持向量域描述(SVDD)一类分类器的FOD分层检测算法。
en-us	This paper proposes a hierarchical FODdetection algorithm based on power spectrum feature extraction and Support Vector Domain Description(SVDD) classifier.

zh-cn	该算法首先利用杂波图恒虚警率(CFAR)检测器对复杂背景杂波进行杂波对消处理，
en-us	The clutter map Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detection algorithm is first utilized tosuppress the complex background clutter.

zh-cn	针对对消后虚警过多的问题，对对消后的数据提取功率谱特征，将其转换到特征域，
en-us	In order to solve the high false alarm problem after the cluttersuppression, the power spectrum features are extracted to transform the radar returns into the feature domain where the FOD and false alarm are more distinguishable.

zh-cn	最后利用SVDD一类分类器在特征域实现对FOD和虚警的分类。
en-us	Finally, the one-class SVDD classifier is utilized to categorize the FOD and false alarm into different kinds so as to reduce the false alarm rate.

zh-cn	基于实测数据的试验结果表明所提方法可以获得较好的检测性能。
en-us	Experimental results based on measured data show that the proposed method can achieve good detection performance.

zh-cn	人脸检测是指检测并定位输入图像中所有的人脸，并返回精确的人脸位置和大小，是目标检测的重要方向。
en-us	Face detection is finding and locating all faces in the input image, and then returning the positionand size of the faces. It is an important direction of target detection.

zh-cn	为了解决人脸尺度多样性给人脸检测造成的困难，该文提出一种新的基于单一神经网络的特征图融合多尺度人脸检测算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem which iscaused by the diversity of face size, a new single shot multiscale face algorithm is presented based on featurefusion.

zh-cn	该算法在不同大小的卷积层上预测人脸，实现实时多尺度人脸检测，并通过将浅层的特征图融合引入上下文信息提高小尺寸人脸检测精度。
en-us	This method combines predictions from multiple feature maps with different resolutions to handle faces of various sizes, and the fusion of the feature maps in the shallow layers can improve the detection accuracy of the small size face by introducing the contextual information.

zh-cn	在数据集FDDB和WIDERFACE测试结果表明，所提方法达到了先进人脸检测的水平，并且该方法去掉了框推荐过程，因此检测速度更快。
en-us	Experimental results on the FDDB and WIDERFACE datasets confirm that the proposed method has competitive accuracy. Additionally, the object proposal step is removed, which makes the method fast.

zh-cn	在WIDERFACE难、适中、简单3个子数据集上测试结果分别为87.9%, 93.2%, 93.4% MAP，检测速度为35 fps。
en-us	The proposed model achieves 87.9%, 93.2% and 93.4%Mean Average Precision (MAP) on the WIDERFACE sub-datasets respectively, at 35 fps.

zh-cn	所提算法与目前效果较好的极小人脸检测方法相比，在保证精度的同时提高了人脸检测速度。
en-us	The proposed method outperforms a comparable state-of-the-art HR model, and at the same time improves the speed while ensuring the accuracy.

zh-cn	针对水声通信网络邻节点发现困难的问题，该文提出一种基于定向收发的邻节点发现机制。
en-us	Considering the difficulty of neighbor discovery in underwater acoustic communication networks, aneighbor discovery mechanism is presented based on directional transmission and reception.

zh-cn	该机制中节点只采用定向方式发送和接收信号，能够避免增益不对称引起的隐藏终端问题，增加网络覆盖范围；
en-us	In this mechanism, the nodes only send and receive signals directionally, which can avoid the hidden terminal problem caused by asymmetric gain and increase the network coverage.

zh-cn	时间被划分为邻节点发现时隙和侦听回复时隙，发现时隙中节点发送HELLO信号，然后接收邻节点回复的REPLY信号，
en-us	Time is divided into neighbor discovery time slot andlistening & reply time slot. In neighbor discovery time slot, the node sends the HELLO signal, and then waitsto receive the REPLY signal sent by its neighbor node.

zh-cn	侦听回复时隙中节点侦听源节点发送的HELLO信号，然后回复REPLY信号，
en-us	In listening & reply time slot, the node listens the channel for the HELLO signal sent by the source node, then replies REPLY signal to the source node.

zh-cn	节点通过基于竞争的HELLO/REPLY两路握手以直接发现和间接发现两种方式完成邻节点发现，能够克服“聋”节点问题，提升邻节点发现效率。
en-us	The node can discover its neighbor through HELLO/REPLY two-way handshake based on competition and direct &indirect discovery, which can overcome the “deaf” nodes problem and improve the efficiency of neighbor discovery.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，在不同的网络节点密度与发射天线波束扇区数目条件下，该邻节点发现机制相比随机两路邻节点发现机制，邻节点平均发现时延更短，邻节点发现率更高。
en-us	Compared with the randomized two-way neighbor discovery mechanism, simulation tests show thatthe proposed mechanism has the shorter average discovery latency and the higher average discovery ratio invarious network density and number of antenna sectors.

zh-cn	连续相位频移键控(CPFSK)作为遥测体制标准被广泛采纳。
en-us	Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying (CPFSK) is widely adopted as a standard by thetelemetry community.

zh-cn	多符号检测(MSD)技术能够降低CPFSK信号的解调门限，这要求CPFSK定时同步方法能够在更低的信噪比条件下正常工作。
en-us	The Multi-Symbol Detection (MSD) technique can increase channel gain for the CPFSKtelemetry system. Therefore, the timing synchronization method for CPFSK signal needs to adapt to thescenario with lower SNR.

zh-cn	针对现有的CPFSK定时同步方法在低信噪比下同步困难的问题，该文提出一种基于MSD的CPFSK定时同步方法，且适应可变符号速率CPFSK信号接收。
en-us	According to existing timing synchronization methods’ poor performance in low SNR, a novel timing synchronization method for CPFSK signal based on MSD is proposed, which is suitable to variable rate.

zh-cn	数值仿真结果表明，在Eb/N0为0 dB，符号速率为2 Mbps的情况下，该方法的误比特率性能比传统单符号间隔似然检测同步方法提高2 dB；与MSD迟早门时延同步方法性能相近，但消耗的硬件资源不及后者的40%。
en-us	The simulation results show that, when Eb/N0 is 0 dB and symbol rate is 2 Mbps, the proposed method achieves 2 dB more channel gain than the single symbol likelihood decision method, and has similar performance to the early-late gate code synchronization method with reduced hardware resource by 60%.

zh-cn	原理样机实测结果验证了数值仿真和资源评估的正确性。
en-us	Finally, the validity of the numerical simulation and resource evaluation is verified by principle prototype realization.

zh-cn	利用单个旋转天线实现波束扫描高精度测角具有十分重要的意义。
en-us	Estimation of Direction Of Arrival (DOA) with scanned beams of single rotational antenna is meaningful.

zh-cn	为了以低计算复杂度实现高精度角度估计，该文提出一种基于模式分量分离的闭式估计方法。
en-us	To obtain precise estimation with low computation burden, a closed-form estimator is proposedbased on estimating the mode component.

zh-cn	首先将天线方向图表示为指数和形式，将角度估计问题转化为包含角度信息的模式分量估计问题，从而实现单模角度估计。
en-us	Firstly, the problem can be transformed into the estimation of mode component when antenna pattern is expressed with a formula of exponential sums, thus DOA can be induced from each mode.

zh-cn	结合模式分量的理论估计误差，推导得到多模联合估计式和理论估计精度。
en-us	Considering the estimation error, a multi-mode estimator with its theoretical error is derived.

zh-cn	针对非理想观测条件下，模式分量求解出现的数值不稳定问题，提出对方向图进行匹配重构的方法，
en-us	Non-ideal observing conditions result in an ill-determined problem for the estimation of mode component. A modified method is proposed by reconstructing the antenna pattern.

zh-cn	首先通过对观测序列和方向图抽样点进行互相关计算，估计得到粗略角度，确定方向图重构的角度范围，再通过匹配重构避免观测角度矩阵的病态问题。
en-us	By calculating cross-correlation of theobserved amplitude trains with the antenna pattern samples, a coarse estimation of DOA is obtained todetermine the angle range under the matched reconstruction. Then, ill-determined problem can be avoided ifthe converted mode component is calculated with the new pattern.

zh-cn	理论和仿真结果表明，所提的基于模式分量分离的多模测角方法具有估计精度高、计算简单的优点，提出的匹配重构方法提高了估计算法的适应性。
en-us	Both theoretical and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can obtain high precise estimation with low computation cost, and the proposed matched reconstruction approach extends the adaptability of the method.

zh-cn	针对传统天线设计方法计算代价较大的缺陷，该文构建基于反向传播神经网络(BPNN)的新型天线代理模型。
en-us	Focusing on the problem of reducing the large computation cost of traditional antenna design methods, a new surrogate model based on Back Propagation Neural Networks (BPNN) is constructed.

zh-cn	为解决BPNN训练易陷入局部最优的问题，采用粒子群优化(PSO)算法来改善神经网络初始结构参数，进而构建PSO-BPNN天线代理模型，并基于该模型提出多参数天线结构的快速多目标设计方法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of easily falling into local optimum in BPNN, a PSO-BPNN surrogate model is developed by improving initial structural parameters of neural networks and applied to fast multi-objective optimization design of multi-parameter antenna structures.

zh-cn	设计实例表明，该方法在预测精度以及计算代价等方面优于现有的常用天线设计方法。
en-us	The design results show that the proposed PSO-BPNN outperforms other existing antenna surrogate models in terms of prediction accuracy and prediction speed.

zh-cn	所提方法对处理复杂高维参数空间天线设计问题具有实用价值。
en-us	The proposed method is of value in dealing with complex antenna designs with high-dimensional parameter space.

zh-cn	俯仰向数字波束形成(DBF)处理是距离向多波束体制(MEB)星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统实现较高分辨率、超宽幅成像的关键。
en-us	Digital BeamForming (DBF) in elevation plays a crucial role for spaceborne Multiple Elevation Beam(MEB) SAR realizing the High-Resolution Wide-Swath (HRWS) imaging mode.

zh-cn	但是，由于存在卫星姿态误差等因素的影响，星载MEB SAR系统的DBF接收波束指向会出现偏差，这将导致在对具有强散射体的区域(如存在船舶的海面、港口等区域)进行成像时会出现鬼影目标。
en-us	However, due to the influenceof satellite attitude error, the deviation of the DBF receiving beam direction always arises in such system. Thisleads to ghost targets appearing in the SAR image, when mapping the scenes (such as the seaport areas) withstrong scatterers.

zh-cn	针对这一问题，该文提出一种基于矩阵束方法的俯仰向DBF处理方法。
en-us	To address the problem, a matrix pencil method based DBF processing approach in elevationis presented.

zh-cn	首先对俯仰向通道回波数据进行匹配滤波处理，并根据预设阈值寻找强散射体的峰值位置；
en-us	Firstly, according to the given threshold, the peak position of the strong scatterer is found fromthe range-compressed signals.

zh-cn	然后利用矩阵束方法准确估计强散射体的波达角；
en-us	Then, the direction of arrival angle of the strong scatterer is estimated using thematrix pencil method.

zh-cn	最后利用这些信息调整俯仰向DBF加权矢量，确保DBF接收波束指向正确，从而消除鬼影目标的干扰。
en-us	Finally, based on the imaging geometry model, the DBF weighting vector is adjusted to ensure the receiving beam to precisely point to the signal sources. Thereby, the interferences of ghost targets inSAR image can be eliminated effectively.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。
en-us	The theoretical analysis is derived in detail, then it is validated by simulation experiments.

zh-cn	在回波数据稀疏、低信噪比等不利条件下，利用随机调频步进信号进行ISAR成像时，成像性能将会严重下降。
en-us	Under the condition of lack of echo data and low SNR, the ISAR imaging performance is greatly reduced by using Random Chirp Frequency-Stepped (RCFS) signal.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，该文在充分分析随机调频步进信号回波特性的基础上，提出利用目标距离向具有的联合块稀疏特征来获得高质量ISAR图像的新方法。
en-us	To solve the above problems, based onfully analyzing the echo characteristics of the random chirp frequency-stepped signal, a new method ofobtaining high quality ISAR images is proposed using the joint sparse feature of the target range dimension.

zh-cn	首先，推导了在随机调频步进信号发射波形条件下目标回波信号的联合块稀疏成像模型并分析了该模型特征；
en-us	First, a joint block sparse imaging model of the target echo signal under the condition of random chirpfrequency-stepped signal is derived and the characteristics of the model are analyzed.

zh-cn	其次，提出了联合块稀疏正交匹配追踪稀疏重构算法(JBOMP)实现对模型的求解。
en-us	Secondly, a Joint Blocksparse Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (JBOMP) algorithm is proposed for solving the model.

zh-cn	该算法利用ISAR回波信号具有的块稀疏以及联合稀疏等先验信息，因此在低量测值、低信噪比条件下的ISAR成像性能得到了增强。
en-us	The algorithmutilizes the sparse information and the joint sparse information of the ISAR echo. Therefore, the ISAR imagingperformance is enhanced under the condition of low measurement and low SNR.

zh-cn	所提算法还可以实现对多维信号的联合处理，且具有较快的运算速度。
en-us	The proposed algorithm alsocan achieve joint processing of multidimensional signals and has a faster operation speed.

zh-cn	理论分析与仿真实验均验证了所提方法的有效性。
en-us	Both theoretical analysis and simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	基于局部算子的全变差(TV)模型在对纹理图像着色时，会出现颜色扩散不均匀，着色范围区域较小等问题。
en-us	The traditional Total Variation (TV) model based on local operators for texture image colorizationhas some problems, such as inhomogeneous color diffusion, small coloring ranges and so on.

zh-cn	为了解决上述问题，该文提出基于非局部算子的耦合全变差图像着色模型，结合交替方向乘子法(ADMM)，设计出相应的数值求解算法，并给出该算法的收敛性结果。
en-us	In order to solve these problems, a coupled total variation model based on nonlocal operators is presented for image colorization,and the correspond numerical algorithm is designed to solve the model by incorporating the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), and the convergence result of the algorithm is given.

zh-cn	该模型充分利用像素邻域亮度之间的相似性进行颜色扩散，能有效避免仅利用亮度边缘信息进行局部扩散导致颜色扩散不均匀的问题。
en-us	The proposed model makes full use of the similarity between the brightness of the pixel areas to perform color diffusion, which can effectively avoid the problem of inhomogeneous color diffusion due to local diffusion only using the brightness edge information.

zh-cn	数值实验结果表明，该模型在快速着色的同时，能有效解决颜色在纹理等细节处扩散不均匀的问题。
en-us	The experimental results are given to show that the model can effectively solve the problem of in homogeneous color diffusion at textures and other details while fast colorizing.

zh-cn	在采用压缩感知的阵列失效单元诊断方法中，结构化随机采样策略的运用对测量矩阵性能造成不利影响。
en-us	The structured random sampling strategy adopted in array diagnosis has negative influence on the performance of measurement matrix.

zh-cn	针对这一问题，该文提出一种基于确定性压缩感知采样策略的阵列失效单元远场诊断方法。
en-us	Therefore, a compressed sensing based deterministic sampling strategy todiagnose defective array elements using far-field measurements is investigated in this paper.

zh-cn	首先在失效单元个数满足稀疏性的前提下构造差异性阵列并将其激励作为稀疏向量，
en-us	In the case of thenumber of failed elements satisfies sparsity, the sparse vector is constructed by subtracting incentives ofreference array without failures and the array under test.

zh-cn	其次利用所提方法构造确定性部分傅里叶矩阵(DPFM)作为测量矩阵，
en-us	Deterministic Partial Fourier Matrix (DPFM) is thenformulated by the proposed strategy as the measurement matrix.

zh-cn	最后采用l1范数最小化算法对稀疏向量进行重构，从而实现对失效单元的高概率精确诊断。
en-us	Finally, accurate diagnosis with highprobability is achieved by l1 norm minimization.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真实验表明，所提方法有效消除了采样位置的随机分布特性对测量矩阵性能造成的不利影响，简化了采样过程，提高了诊断成功概率。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can avoid the adverse impact on the performance of measurement matrix effectively arising from the random distribution of sampling positions, simplify the sampling procedure and improve the probability of success rate of diagnosis.

zh-cn	飞机检测是遥感图像分析领域的研究热点，
en-us	Aircraft detection is a hot issue in the field of remote sensing image analysis.

zh-cn	现有检测方法的检测流程分为多步，难以进行整体优化，并且对于飞机密集区域或背景复杂区域的检测精度较低。
en-us	There exist many problems in current detection methods, such as complex detection procedure, low accuracy in complex background and dense aircraft area.

zh-cn	针对以上问题，该文提出一种端到端的检测方法MDSSD来提高检测精度。
en-us	To solve these problems, an end-to-end aircraft detection method namedMDSSD is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	该方法基于单一网络目标多尺度检测框架(SSD)，以一个密集连接卷积网络(DenseNet)作为基础网络提取特征，后面连接一个由多个卷积层构成的子网络对目标进行检测和定位。
en-us	Based on Single Shot multibox Detector (SSD), a Densely connectedconvolutional Network (DenseNet) is used as the base network to extract features for its powerful ability infeature extraction, then an extra sub-network consisting of several feature layers is appended to detect andlocate aircrafts.

zh-cn	该方法融合了多层次特征信息，同时设计了一系列不同长宽比的候选框，以实现不同尺度飞机的检测。
en-us	In order to locate aircrafts of various scales more accurately, a series of aspect ratios of defaultboxes are set to better match aircraft shapes and combine predictions deduced from feature maps of different layers.

zh-cn	该文的检测方法完全摒弃了候选框提取阶段，将所有检测流程整合在一个网络中，更加简洁有效。
en-us	The method is more brief and efficient than methods that require object proposals, because it eliminates proposal generation completely and encapsulates all computation in a single network.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在多种复杂场景的遥感图像中，该方法能够达到较高的检测精度。
en-us	Experiments demonstratethat this approach achieves better performance in many complex scenes.

zh-cn	该文在分析由常规窄带雷达获得的直升机、螺旋桨和喷气式飞机实测回波数据特征的基础上，提出一种基于多特征联合的分类识别算法。
en-us	After analyzing the features of three measured data from the low-resolution radar system, corresponding to the helicopter, the propeller, and the turbojet, an algorithm is proposed by using multiple features to classify and recognize the aircraft targets.

zh-cn	通过对大量实测回波数据的特征分析，提取多普勒频移、幅度相对量、时域和频域波形熵、时频特征多个具有明显区分性的特征，将其输入支撑向量机(SVM)分类器实现3类空中目标的分类。
en-us	First, multiple features are extracted, including Dopplerfrequency shift, relative magnitude, waveform entropy of time and frequency domain, and time-frequencydomain features from the measured data. Then, these features are utilized for classification purpose by means ofthe Support Vector Machine (SVM).

zh-cn	在分类的基础上，基于回波数据的时频谱宽和对称性特征，提出一种奇数与偶数片桨叶直升机识别方法。
en-us	Finally, owing to the symmetry and the width of time-frequency distributions of the returned signals between the helicopters with odd and even blades, a method is proposed to recognize of helicopter.

zh-cn	最后实测数据的处理结果验证了所提空中目标分类识别方法的有效性。
en-us	The experimental results of measured data verify the effectivity of the proposed algorithms.

zh-cn	针对多模传播引起的扩展多普勒杂波影响天波超视距雷达对低可探测慢速舰船目标检测性能的问题，该文在新一代多输入多输出天波超视距雷达系统下，利用双迭代最小方差无失真响应(MVDR)波束形成器抑制多模扩展多普勒杂波。
en-us	Spread Doppler Clutter (SDC) caused by multi-mode propagation restrains the detection performanceof Over-The-Horizon Radar (OTHR) for low detectable targets, such as slow ships. To solve this problem，abi-iterative Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) beamformer is proposed to suppress multi-mode SDC for MIMO OTHR system.

zh-cn	考虑到时间叉排线性调频连续波MIMO天波雷达和慢时间相位编码MIMO天波雷达在有限相干积累时间内的训练样本数有限，且训练样本中包含主选模式期望信号，该文利用阻塞矩阵进行数据预处理，减小训练样本中的主选模式期望信号影响，并将LN×1维“发射-接收”2维权矢量优化分解为L×1维发射权矢量和N×1维接收权矢量，
en-us	As it is difficult to obtain the signal-free training data and enough sample support in MIMO-OTHR with time-staggered linear frequency modulated continuous wave or slow time phase-coded waveforms, the block matrix is used for data preprocessing to reduce the effect of expected signal component in the training data, then multi-mode SDC could be suppressed by the LN-variate MVDR beamformer which is restored through bi-iterative calculation with an L-variate transmit and an N-variate receive beamformer.

zh-cn	通过双迭代计算恢复出的2维MVDR权矢量来抑制多模扩展多普勒杂波，减小了计算量和样本需求。
en-us	This algorithm improves the convergence of MVDR beamformer, while reducing the computational load and the requirement of sample support.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真验证了算法的有效性。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and simulation experiment arepresented to verify the effectiveness of this algorithm.