zh-cn	根据空分复用MIMO系统各发送天线上信号的独立性，利用ICA算法从接收的混合信号中分离出发射信号。
en-us	According to the signal independence of each transmitting antenna inspace division multiplexing MIMO system, the ICA algorithm is used to separate the transmitting signal fromthe received mixed signal.

zh-cn	为实现全盲条件下的调制识别，在进行ICA分离前，利用最小描述长度(MDL)准则估计发射天线数。
en-us	In order to realize modulation recognition under completely blind condition, theMinimum Description Length (MDL) criterion is used to estimate the number of transmitting antennas before ICA separation.

zh-cn	在得到发射信号之后，首先利用6阶累积量、循环谱和4次方谱算法构造4个特征参数，然后利用分层结构的神经网络分类器识别信号的调制类型。
en-us	After obtaining the transmitted signal, four characteristic parameters are constructed by usingsix-order cumulant, cyclic spectrum and fourth-power spectrum algorithm, and then the modulation type of thesignal is identified by using hierarchical neural network classifier.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法可在较低信噪比下对{2PSK, 2ASK,2FSK, 4PSK, 4ASK, MSK, 8PSK, 16QAM}8种MIMO信号进行有效识别，当发送天线数为2、接收天线数为5、信噪比为2 dB时，识别率可达到98%以上。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposedmethod can effectively recognize {2PSK, 2ASK, 2FSK, 4PSK, 4ASK, MSK, 8PSK, 16QAM} eight MIMOsignals at low SNR. When the number of transmitting antennas is 2, the number of receiving antennas is 5 andthe SNR is 2dB, the recognition rate can reach more than 98%.

zh-cn	针对非高斯背景干扰下的弱信号检测需求，在综述高斯化处理与扩展匹配滤波概念及思路的基础上，该文提出了两种基于对称α稳定分布建模的高斯化处理方法，构建了相应的扩展匹配滤波检测器，并对比早先建立的混合高斯分布下的高斯化处理，对其高斯化效果、对应检测性能、运行速度等进行了仿真研究。
en-us	Considering the requirement for weak signal detection in non-Gaussian background interference, afterconceptions and ideas summarizing for Gaussianization processing and extended matched filter, twoGaussianizaiton filters and corresponding detections are proposed based on symmetric alpha-stable distributionmodeling, comparing with those under Gaussian mixture modeling proposed earlier. All these Gaussianizationfilters and extended matched filters are realized in simulation. Their performances, such as Gaussianzing effect,detecting capability and running time are studies in system.

zh-cn	研究表明，高斯化处理可以降低背景干扰的非高斯性，从而提高后续匹配滤波的检测性能；
en-us	Some conclusions are reached: Gaussianization can improve the detecting performance of the succeeding matched filter because of its restraining of big impulsive samples;

zh-cn	基于对称α稳定分布的高斯化处理，在保持性能的同时，具有更高的运行效率。
en-us	Gaussianization filters under symmetric alpha-stable distribution modeling have higher operatiing efficiency while their peformance are similar to those under Gaussian mixture modeling.

zh-cn	受光场相机微透镜几何标定精度的影响，4D光场在角度方向上的解码误差会造成积分后的重聚焦图像边缘信息损失，从而降低全聚焦图像融合的精度。
en-us	Affected by the micro-lens geometric calibration accuracy of the light field camera, the decoding errorof the 4D light field in the angular direction will cause the edge information loss of the integrated refocusedimage, which will reduce the accuracy of the all-in-focus image fusion.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于边缘增强引导滤波的光场全聚焦图像融合算法，通过对光场数字重聚焦得到的多幅重聚焦图像进行多尺度分解、特征层决策图引导滤波优化来获得最终全聚焦图像。
en-us	In this paper, a light field all-in-focusimage fusion algorithm based on edge-enhanced guided filtering is proposed. Through multi-scale decompositionof the digital refocused images and guided filtering optimization of the feature layer decision map, the final all-in-focus image is obtained.

zh-cn	与传统融合算法相比，该方法对4D光场标定误差带来的边缘信息损失进行了补偿，在重聚焦图像多尺度分解过程中增加了边缘层的提取来实现图像高频信息增强，并建立多尺度图像评价模型实现边缘层引导滤波参数优化，可获得更高质量的光场全聚焦图像。
en-us	Compared with the traditional fusion algorithm, the edge information loss caused bythe 4D light field calibration error is compensated in the presented method. In the step of multi-scaledecomposition of the refocused image, the edge layer extraction is added to accomplish the high-frequencyinformation enhancement. Then the multi-scale evaluation model is established to optimize the edge layer’sguided filtering parameters to obtain a better light field all-in-focus image.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在不明显降低融合图像与原始图像相似性的前提下，该方法可有效提高全聚焦图像的边缘强度和感知清晰度。
en-us	The experimental results show that the edge intensity and the perceptual sharpness of the all-in-focus image can be improved without significantly reducing the similarity between the all-in-focus image and the original image.

zh-cn	雨天等恶劣天气会严重影响到图像成像质量，从而影响到视觉处理算法的性能。
en-us	Rainy days and other severe weather will seriously affect the image quality, thus affecting the performance of vision processing algorithms.

zh-cn	为了改善雨天图像的成像质量，该文提出一种基于多通道多尺度卷积神经网络的去雨算法，建立了多通道多尺度卷积神经网络结构来提取雨线特征。
en-us	In order to improve the imaging quality of rain images, a rainremoval algorithm based on multi-channel multi-scale convolution neural network to extract rain line features isproposed.

zh-cn	首先利用小波阈值引导的双边滤波将有雨图像进行分解，得到高频雨线图像和轮廓保持度高的低频背景图像。
en-us	Firstly, the rain images are decomposed by wavelet threshold-guided bilateral filtering to obtain high-frequency rain line images and low-frequency background images with high contour preservation.

zh-cn	然后为了使图像高频部分的雨线信息更为明显，减少雨线特征学习时高频图像中的背景误判，将得到的高频雨线图像再一次通过滤波器得到减弱背景信息同时增强雨线信息的到更高频雨线图像。
en-us	Then, in order to make the rain line information in the high-frequency part of the image more obvious and reduce the background misjudgment in the high-frequency image during the rain line feature learning, the obtained high-frequency rain line image is passed through a filter again to obtain a higher-frequency rain line image withreduced background information and enhanced rain line information.

zh-cn	其次针对低频背景图像上也残留了大量雨痕，该文提出将低频背景图像和更高频雨线图像一起送入卷积神经网络进行特征学习，其中对图像提取的是多尺度特征信息，最后得到雨线去除更彻底的复原图像。
en-us	Secondly, in view of the large amount ofraindrop imprint left on the low-frequency background image, it is proposed to send the low-frequencybackground image and the higher-frequency rain line image together into the convolution neural network forfeature learning, in which multi-scale feature information is extracted from the image, finally, a more completerestoration image with rain line removal is obtained.

zh-cn	同时在构造网络模型时利用空洞卷积代替标准卷积来提取图像的特征信息，得到更丰富的图像特征，提高了算法的去雨性能。
en-us	At the same time, when constructing the network model,hole convolution is used instead of standard convolution to extract the feature information of the image, thus obtaining richer image features and improving the rain removal performance of the algorithm.

zh-cn	从实验结果可以看出去雨之后的图像清晰，细节保持度较高。
en-us	From the experimental results, after removing rain, the image is clear and the detail retention is high.

zh-cn	随着城市交通智能化发展，准确高效地获取可用车位对于解决日益严峻的停车难问题至关重要。
en-us	With the intelligent development of urban traffic, accurate and efficient access to available parking spaces is essential to solve the increasingly difficult problem of parking difficulties.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于非局部操作的深度卷积神经网络车位占用检测算法。
en-us	Therefore, this paper proposes a deep convolutional neural network parking occupancy detection algorithm based on non-local operation.

zh-cn	针对停车位图像特性，引入非局部操作，度量远距离像素间的相似性，直接获取边缘高频特征；
en-us	For the image characteristics of parking spaces, non-local operations are introduced, the similaritybetween distant pixels is measured, and the high-frequency features of the edges are directly obtained.

zh-cn	使用小卷积核获取局部细节特征；以端到端的方式训练网络。
en-us	The local details are obtained by using small convolution kernels, and the network is trained in an end-to-end manner.

zh-cn	实验中，通过设置不同卷积核尺寸和非局部模块层数，优化网络结构。
en-us	Inthe experiment, the network structure is optimized by setting different convolution kernel sizes and non-localmodule layers.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文所提算法与传统的基于纹理特征的车位占用检测算法相比，无论在预测精度还是模型的泛化性能，均具有显著的优势。
en-us	The experimental results show that compared with the traditional texture feature-based parkingspace occupancy detection algorithm, the proposed algorithm has significant advantages in both predictionaccuracy and generalization performance of the model.

zh-cn	与当前广泛应用的基于局部特征提取的卷积神经网络相比，该算法具有较大的优势。
en-us	At the same time, compared with the currently widelyused convolutional neural network based on local feature extraction, the algorithm also has great advantages.

zh-cn	在真实场景中，该算法同样具有较高精度，具备实际应用价值。
en-us	In real scenes, the algorithm also has high precision and has practical application value.

zh-cn	免授权非正交多址接入技术(NOMA)结合多用户检测技术(MUD)，能够满足大规模机器通信(mMTC)场景中的大连接量、低信令开销和低时延传输等需求。
en-us	Grant-free Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) combined with Multi-User Detection (MUD)technology can meet the requirements of large connection volume, low signaling overhead and low latencytransmission in massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC) scenarios.

zh-cn	在基于压缩感知(CS)的MUD算法中，活跃用户数往往作为已知信息，而实际通信系统中很难准确估计。
en-us	In the MUD algorithm based on Compressed Sensing (CS), the number of active users is often used as known information, but it is difficult to accurately estimate in the actual communication system.

zh-cn	基于此，该文提出一种改进稀疏度自适应匹配的多用户算法(MSAMP-MUD)。
en-us	Based on this, this paper proposes a multi-useralgorithm (Modified Sparsity Adaptive Matching Pursuit MUD, MSAMP-MUP) to improve the adaptivematching of sparsity.

zh-cn	该算法首先利用广义Dice系数匹配准则选择与残差最匹配的原子，更新用户支撑集；
en-us	Firstly, the algorithm uses the generalized Dice coefficient matching criterion to select theatom that best matches the residual, and updates the user support set.

zh-cn	当残差能量接近噪声能量时，终止迭代，从而获得最终支持集；
en-us	When the residual energy is close to thenoise energy, the iteration is terminated to obtain the final support set;

zh-cn	否则，采取上述准则更新用户支撑集，提高支撑集中活跃用户数估计精度。
en-us	Otherwise, the above criteria are usedto update the user support set, and the estimation accuracy of the active users in the support set is improved.

zh-cn	在迭代过程中，根据最近两次残差能量之比，选取不同的迭代步长，以降低检测迭代次数。
en-us	In the iteration process, different iteration steps are selected according to the ratio of the last two residualenergies, so as to reduce the number of detection iterations.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法与传统基于CS的MUD算法相比，误码率降低约9%，迭代次数减少约10%。
en-us	The simulation results show that, compared withthe traditional CS-based MUD algorithm, the proposed algorithm reduces the bit error rate by about 9% andthe number of iterations by about 10%.

zh-cn	色环电阻是印刷电路板(PCB)中最常用的电子元器件之一，主要依靠色环的排列顺序和颜色等视觉信息进行区分，易发生装配错误。
en-us	The color-ring resistor is one of the most commonly used electronic components in Printed CircuitBoard (PCB). It is featured by sequential color rings, which often brings assembling errors, however.

zh-cn	但是色环电阻装配质量的人工检测方法效率低、误检率高，而传统的基于图像处理技术的自动检测方法鲁棒性较差，难以解决不同拍摄角度、物距及光照条件下的PCB板色环电阻检测问题。
en-us	Manualdetection of color-ring resistors has low efficiency and high false detection rate. Traditional image-basedautomatic detection methods have difficulties in dealing with PCB images under various illuminations, imagingdistance and views.

zh-cn	针对这一问题，该文提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的PCB板色环电阻自动检测与定位方法，
en-us	To solve this problem, an automatic detection and localization method for PCB color-ringresistor is proposed based on Convolution Neural Network (CNN).

zh-cn	首先采用编码器-解码器结构的卷积神经网络模型及带有权重的交叉熵损失函数的网络训练方法，较好地解决了复杂光照及场景下PCB板色环电阻的图像分割问题；
en-us	Firstly, the encoder-decoder CNN model isestablished and trained using weighted cross-entropy loss function. With CNN, color-ring resistors aresegmented from PCB images with complex illumination and scenes.

zh-cn	然后采用最小面积外接矩形方法定位单个色环电阻，并通过仿射变换对色环电阻位置进行垂直校正；
en-us	Secondly, each color-ring resistor islocalized using minimum area bounding rectangle, and its position is adjusted to the vertical direction by affinetransformation.

zh-cn	最后通过高斯模板匹配方法实现了色环电阻的色环定位。
en-us	Finally, the localization of color rings on the resistor is achieved by Gaussian templatematching.

zh-cn	采用1270幅PCB图像对该文方法进行了实验和验证，并与传统的基于形态学和基于模板匹配的色环电阻检测方法进行了对比，
en-us	The proposed method is tested and verified by 1270 PCB images, and the result is compared withthat of the traditional method (method based on geometric contour, and method based on template matching).

zh-cn	结果表明，该文方法在召回率、准确率及重叠度等性能指标上具有明显优势，处理速度快，能满足实际应用要求。
en-us	It is shown that the proposed method has obvious advantages in performance indices, including recall rate,precision, and intersection of unions, which can meet the requirements of practical applications.

zh-cn	地理位置虚拟软件泛滥、民用卫星定位信号易模拟或篡改，致使地理位置可信认证难以实现。
en-us	Due to the proliferation of geographic location virtual software and the easy simulation or tamperingof civil satellite positioning signals, it is difficult to realize the trusted authentication of geographic location.

zh-cn	针对已有位置证明方案采用中心化架构存在单点失效和易引起集中攻击等安全风险，该文引入去中心化范式思路，利用区块链具有的去中心化、不可篡改、可追溯等特点，并结合零知识证明协议，提出了基于区块链的零知识位置证明方法，实现了以去中心化、保护隐私、高度准确、审查抵制的地理位置认证服务，从而确保用户所提供位置的准确性。
en-us	Inview of the security risk of single-point failure in the existing location certification scheme using centralizedarchitecture, a zero-knowledge location certification method based on blockchain is proposed, combining withzero knowledge certification protocol, to achieve a decentralized, privacy protected, highly accurate, reviewoffset geographic location certification service, so as to ensure the accuracy of the location provided by users.

zh-cn	该方法不仅能消除中心化位置证明的弊端，确保位置数据的机密性，而且被证明位置数据一旦上链后不可篡改，实现了不可抵赖性。
en-us	This method not only ensures the confidentiality of the location data, but also proves that the location data cannot tamper once it is linked.

zh-cn	测试分析结果表明：完整的证明流程(包含证明生成验证和上链全过程)实际测试每次平均用时约5 s，其中证明生成和验证的总耗时是50.5～55.5 ms。
en-us	The results of the test analysis show that the average performance of the wholeproving process is about 5 s/time, and the total time of proof generation and verification is 50.5～55.5 ms.

zh-cn	因此，算法具有较好的性能开销，可满足实际应用需求。
en-us	Therefore, the algorithm has better performance overhead, which can meet the actual application requirements.

zh-cn	针对立体视频的安全性，该文提出一种基于熵编码的立体视频加密与信息隐藏算法。
en-us	For security of stereoscopic video, a video encryption and information hiding algorithm based onentropy coding is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，结合立体视频编码结构，分析误差漂移的物理机制，并根据立体视觉掩蔽效应，确定左右视点的加密帧和隐秘信息待嵌入帧。
en-us	Firstly, with the analysis of Multi-view Video Coding (MVC), the physical mechanism of error drift is investigated. By applying the stereoscopic masking effect, the frames to be encrypted and the frames to be embedded are determined.

zh-cn	其次，在基于上下文自适应二进制算术编码(CABAC)的熵编码中，通过等长码字替换技术，实现立体视频的加密和信息隐藏。
en-us	Secondly, by using a Context-based Adaptive BinaryArithmetic Coding (CABAC) bin-string substitution technique, the encryption and data hiding of stereoscopicvideo are implemented.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，视频码流经加密与信息隐藏之后格式兼容、比特率不变，视频感知质量无明显下降，在计算复杂度和码率增加率上有显著优势。
en-us	Experimental implementation reveals that the video stream has the formatcompatibility and the bit-rate remains unchanged after encryption and data hiding. The video qualitydegradation is negligible. The algorithm has significant advantages in computational complexity and rate increase.

zh-cn	随着Android应用的广泛使用，Android恶意软件数量迅速增长，对用户的财产、隐私等造成的安全威胁越来越严重。
en-us	With the prosperous of Android applications, Android malware has been scattered everywhere, whichraises the serious security risk to users.

zh-cn	近年来基于深度学习的Android恶意软件检测成为了当前安全领域的研究热点。
en-us	On the other hand, the rapid developing of deep learning fires thecombat between the two sides of malware detection.

zh-cn	该文分别从数据采集、应用特征、网络结构、效果检测4个方面，对该研究方向已有的学术成果进行了分析与总结，讨论了它们的局限性与所面临的挑战，并就该方向未来的研究重点进行了展望。
en-us	Inducing deep learning technologies into Android malwaredetection becomes the hottest topic of society. This paper summarizes the existing achievements of malwaredetection from four aspects: Data collection, feature construction, network structure and detection performance.Finally, the current limitations and facing challenges followed by the future researches are discussed.

zh-cn	在一定环境条件下，当系统的量测方程没有进行验证或校准时，使用该量测方程往往会产生未知的系统误差，从而导致较大的滤波误差。
en-us	Under certain environmental conditions, the unknown system errors often occur and yield to largerfiltering errors when the unverified or uncalibrated measurement equation is used.

zh-cn	增量方程的引入可以有效解决欠观测系统的状态估计问题。
en-us	Incremental equation can be introduced, which can effectively solve the problem of state estimation for the systems under poor observation condition.

zh-cn	该文考虑带未知噪声统计的线性离散增量系统，首先提出一种基于新息的噪声统计估计算法。
en-us	In this paper, the linear discrete incremental system with unknown noise statistics is considered.Firstly, a noise statistics estimation algorithm is proposed based on innovation.

zh-cn	可以得到系统噪声统计的无偏估计。
en-us	The unbiased estimation ofsystem noise statistics can be obtained.

zh-cn	进而，提出一种新的增量系统自适应Kalman滤波算法。
en-us	Furthermore, a new incremental system adaptive Kalman filteringalgorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	相比已有的自适应增量滤波算法，该文所提算法得到的状态估计精度更高。
en-us	Compared with the existing adaptive incremental filtering algorithm, the stateestimation accuracy of the proposed algorithm is higher.

zh-cn	两个仿真实例证明了其有效性和可行性。
en-us	Two simulation examples prove its effectiveness andfeasibility.

zh-cn	协同显著目标检测的目的是在包含两张及以上相关图像的图像组中检测共同显著的物体。
en-us	Co-saliency object detection aims to discover common and salient objects in an image group whichcontains two or more relevant images.

zh-cn	该文提出一种利用机器学习的方法对协同显著目标进行检测。
en-us	In this paper, a method of using machine learning is proposed to detectco-saliency objects.

zh-cn	首先，基于4个评分指标从图像组中选择部分显著目标易于检测的简单图像，构成简单图像集；
en-us	Firstly, some simple images are selected to form a simple image set based on four scoringindicators.

zh-cn	接着，基于协同一致性的原则，从简单图像集中提取正负样本，并用深度学习模型提取的高维语义特征表示正负样本；
en-us	Secondly, positive and negative samples are extracted from the simple images set based on co-coherence characteristics, and high-dimensional semantic features are extracted by the deep learning modelwhich receives RGBD four-channels input.

zh-cn	再者，利用正负样本训练的协同显著分类器对图像中的超像素进行分类，得到协同显著目标区域；
en-us	Thirdly, the co-saliency classifier is trained by positive and negativesamples, and co-saliency maps are generated by testing all the superpixels in the images by the co-saliencyclassifier.

zh-cn	最后，经过一个平滑融合的操作，得到最终的协同显著图。
en-us	Finally, a smooth fusion operation is adopted to generate the final co-saliency map.

zh-cn	在公开数据集上的测试结果表明，所提算法在检测精度和检测效率上优于目前的主流算法，并具有较强的鲁棒性。
en-us	Experimentalresults on the public benchmark dataset show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the state-of-the-artmethods in terms of accuracy and efficiency, and it is robust.

zh-cn	机器学习已经广泛应用于恶意代码检测中，并在恶意代码检测产品中发挥重要作用。
en-us	Machine learning is widely used in malicious code detection and plays an important role in malicious code detection products.

zh-cn	构建针对恶意代码检测机器学习模型的对抗样本，是发掘恶意代码检测模型缺陷，评估和完善恶意代码检测系统的关键。
en-us	Constructing adversarial samples for malicious code detection machine learning modelsis the key to discovering defects in malicious code detection models, evaluating and improving malicious codedetection systems.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于遗传算法的恶意代码对抗样本生成方法，
en-us	This paper proposes a method for generating malicious code adversarial samples based ongenetic algorithms.

zh-cn	生成的样本在有效对抗基于机器学习的恶意代码检测模型的同时，确保了恶意代码样本的可执行和恶意行为的一致性，有效提升了生成对抗样本的真实性和模型对抗评估的准确性。
en-us	The generated samples combat effectively the malicious code detection model based onmachine learning, while ensuring the consistency of the executable and malicious behavior of malicious codesamples, and improving effectively the authenticity of the generated adversarial samples and the accuracy ofthe model adversarial evaluation are presented.

zh-cn	实验表明，该文提出的对抗样本生成方法使MalConv恶意代码检测模型的检测准确率下降了14.65%；并可直接对VirusTotal中4款基于机器学习的恶意代码检测商用引擎形成有效的干扰，
en-us	The experiments show that the proposed method of generatingadversarial samples reduces the detection accuracy of the MalConv malicious code detection model by 14.65%, and can directly interfere with four commercial machine-based malicious code detection engines in VirusTotal.

zh-cn	其中，Cylance的检测准确率只有53.55%。
en-us	Among them, the accuracy rate of Cylance detection is only 53.55%.

zh-cn	安卓系统越来越广泛地被应用于各种类型的智能设备，比如智能手机、智能手表、智能电视、智能汽车。
en-us	Android system is now increasingly used in different kinds of smart devices, such as smart phones,smart watches, smart TVs and smart cars.

zh-cn	与此同时，针对这些平台应用软件的逆向攻击也日益增多，这不仅极大地侵犯了软件开发者的合法权益，也给终端用户带来了潜在的安全风险。
en-us	Unfortunately, reverse attacks against Android applications are also emerging, which not only violates the intellectual right of application developers, but also brings security risks to end users.

zh-cn	然而，现有的安卓软件保护方法比如命名混淆、动态加载、代码隐藏等虽然可在一定程度上增加安卓软件的逆向难度，但是原理相对简单容易被绕过。
en-us	Existing Android application protection methods such as naming obfuscation, dynamic loading,and code hiding can protect Java code and native (C/C++) code, but are relatively simple and easy to be bypassed.

zh-cn	一种更为有效的方法是基于指令虚拟化的加固方法，但已有的指令虚拟化方法只针对特定架构(x86架构)，无法兼容运行于多种架构的安卓设备。
en-us	A more promising method is to use instruction virtualization, but previous binary-based methodstarget specific architecture (x86), and cannot be applied to protect Android devices with different architectures.

zh-cn	该文针对安卓应用软件中的本地代码提出了一种架构无关的指令虚拟化技术，设计并实现了基于虚拟机打包保护(VMPP)的加固系统。
en-us	An architecture-independent instruction virtualization method is proposed, a prototype named Virtual MachinePacking Protection (VMPP) to protect Android native code is designed and implemented.

zh-cn	该系统包含一套基于寄存器架构的定长虚拟指令集、支持该虚拟指令集的解释器以及可以与现有开发环境集成的工具链。
en-us	VMPP includes aregister-based fix-length instruction set, an interpreter to execute virtualized instructions, and a set of tool-chains for developers to use to protect their code.

zh-cn	在大量C/C++代码以及真实安卓软件上的测试表明，VMPP在引入较低的运行时开销下，能够显著提升安卓本地代码的防逆向能力，并且可被用于保护不同架构上的安卓本地代码。
en-us	VMPP is tested on a large number of C/C++ code and real-world Android applications. The results show that VMPP can effectively protect the security of Android nativecode for different architectures with low overhead.

zh-cn	大机动条件下的曲线轨迹大斜视SAR系统传递函数具有复杂的多维空变性，现有的高效频域回波模拟算法均难以实现扩展场景的高精度回波模拟。
en-us	The system transfer function of high-squint SAR system with curved trajectory has complex multi-dimensional spatial variability. The existing efficient frequency-domain echo simulation algorithms are difficultto achieve high-precision echo simulation of extended scenes.

zh-cn	为此，该文提出一种基于子孔径Keystone变换的机动SAR回波模拟方法。
en-us	Therefore, a fast echo simulation method based onsub-aperture Keystone transform is proposed for maneuvering SAR.

zh-cn	该方法根据距离徙动校正后的距离压缩函数对场景的距离压缩回波进行快速模拟，然后通过高精度的距离向逆处理实现扩展场景的回波模拟。
en-us	Based on the time-domain range compression function after range cell migration correction, the method calculates efficiently the range compression echo of scene, and then realizes the echo simulation of extended scene by high precision range inverse processing.

zh-cn	为减少残余距离徙动对回波模拟精度的影响，距离向处理过程中采用子孔径Keystone变换的方法实现空变距离徙动的精确校正。
en-us	In order to reduce the influence of residual range cell migration on the accuracy of echosimulation, the method of the Keystone transform of sub-aperture is used in range processing to achieveaccurate correction of space-variant range cell migration in extended scenes.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果表明，所提方法能够快速高精度地模拟扩展场景的机动平台大斜视SAR原始回波数据。
en-us	The theoretical analysis andsimulation results show that the proposed method can quickly and accurately simulate the original echo data ofextended scenes for high-squint SAR mounted on a maneuvering platform.

zh-cn	虚拟网络的映射策略影响弹性光网络(EON)资源可用性和网络生存性。
en-us	The mapping strategy of virtual network has important effect on the resource availability and survivability of the Elastic Optical Network (EON).

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于节点间距离和频谱离散度感知的虚拟光网络生存性协同映射(CM-DSDA)算法，研究节点计算资源和拓扑位置中介性的光节点排序策略，设计频谱离散度方法评价链路频谱碎片化程度。
en-us	A survivable virtual optical network Coordinated Mappingbased on the Distance and Spectrum Dispersion Awareness (CM-DSDA) between nodes is proposed in thepaper. A physical node weighted sorting strategy is studied, which not only considers the number of physicalnode computing resources, but also considers the location centrality of the physical nodes in the EON topology.And a method of spectrum dispersion is designed to evaluate the link’s spectrum fragmentation.

zh-cn	在虚拟链路的生存性映射中，选择邻接已映射节点中消耗频隙数少且频谱离散度低的工作光路和保护光路协同映射虚拟网络。
en-us	During the virtual link’s survivability mapping, the working and protection optical paths adjacent the position of the mapped physical nodes with the minimum number of spectrum usage and the lowest frequency spectrum dispersion are selected to coordinated mapping the virtual optical networks.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明所提算法能有效地提高EON的频谱占用率和减少带宽阻塞率。
en-us	Simulation results show that the CM-DSDA can effectively increase the EON’s spectrum utilization and reduce bandwidth blocking probability.

zh-cn	攻击路径发现是自动化渗透测试领域的重要研究方向。
en-us	Attack path discovery is an important research direction in automated penetration testing area.

zh-cn	该文综合论述了领域独立智能规划技术在面向自动化渗透测试的攻击路径发现上的研究进展及应用前景。
en-us	This paper introduces the research progress of domain independent intelligent planning technology and its application to the field of automated penetration testing oriented attack paths discovery.

zh-cn	首先介绍了攻击路径发现的基本概念并按照技术原理将其划分为基于领域相关和领域独立规划技术的攻击路径发现方法。
en-us	Firstly, the basic concept of attack path discovery is introduced and the related algorithms are divided into domain-specific and domain-independent intelligent planning based attack path discovery algorithms separately.

zh-cn	然后介绍了领域独立智能规划算法，包括确定性规划算法、非确定性规划算法和博弈规划的技术原理和发展状况并就各类方法在攻击路径发现中的应用进行了综述。
en-us	Secondly, thedomain-independent planning algorithms are classified into deterministic planning, uncertain planning andgame planning, where each of which is described from principle, development and application aspect in detail.

zh-cn	接着分析总结了渗透测试过程的特点，对比了领域独立智能规划算法应用在面向自动化渗透测试的攻击路径发现时的优缺点。
en-us	Thirdly, this paper summarizes the characteristics of automated penetration testing and compares theadvantages and disadvantages of domain independent intelligent planning algorithms adopted in automatedpenetration testing.

zh-cn	最后对攻击路径发现将来的发展方向进行了总结和展望，希望对未来进一步的研究工作有一定的参考价值。
en-us	Lastly, the development of automated penetration testing oriented attack path discovery isprospected. It is hoped that this paper could contribute future research works on attack path discovery.

zh-cn	在信息技术飞速发展的背景下，能源关键基础设施得到了变革性的飞速发展，与人工智能、大数据、物联网等新技术深度融合。
en-us	Energy critical infrastructure has undergone transformative rapid development in the context of the rapid development of information technology, and has been deeply integrated with new technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and the Internet of Things.

zh-cn	信息技术在显著优化能源关键基础设施的效率和性能的同时，也带来了更加具有持续性和隐蔽性的新型安全威胁。
en-us	While information technology significantlyimproves the efficiency and performance of energy critical infrastructure, it also brings new types of securitythreats that are more persistent and covert.

zh-cn	如何针对能源关键基础设施建立体系化、智能化的安全防御体系是亟需解决的问题。
en-us	An urgent problem is how to establish a systematic and intelligentsecurity defense system for energy critical infrastructure.

zh-cn	该文从能源关键基础设施本身的发展趋势入手，对其面对的传统和新型安全威胁的机理进行了分析。
en-us	This paper starts with the development trend ofenergy critical infrastructure, and analyzes the mechanism of the traditional and new security threatmechanisms it faces.

zh-cn	在此基础上，对能源关键基础设施的防御技术演进进行深入的研究和分析。
en-us	On this basis, insightful analysis on the research status and evolution trends of defense technologies for energy critical infrastructures is made.

zh-cn	针对如何基于有限的系统剩余资源进行任务优化卸载以增加移动终端的数字货币收益问题，该文在融合区块链与雾计算系统中提出一种基于节点剩余资源、网络时延的任务卸载方案。
en-us	To solve the problem of increasing the digital currency of mobile terminals based on limited residual resources of the system, a task offloading scheme is proposed based on node residual resources and network delay in the joint blockchain and fog computing system.

zh-cn	为了实现任务的优化卸载，首先基于任务量对移动终端的预期收益进行了分析，其次基于网络节点剩余计算资源、存储资源、功率资源、网络时延联合分析了移动终端的支出。
en-us	In order to offload the task in an optimal way, theexpected revenue of mobile terminals is firstly analyzed based on the amount of tasks. Secondly, based on theremaining computing resources, storage resources, power resources and network delays, the expenditure ofmobile terminal is analyzed.

zh-cn	此后以最大化移动终端的数字货币收益为优化目标建立了数学优化模型，并利用模拟退火(SA)算法对优化模型进行求解。
en-us	Then, a mathematical optimization model is established to maximize the digitalcurrency income of the mobile terminal. The Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm is employed to deal with thesuboptimal model, respectively.

zh-cn	仿真结果证明上述方案的有效性。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

zh-cn	为了解决Alpha稳定分布噪声环境下运动舰船目标的长度估计问题，该文借鉴非线性变换抑制脉冲噪声以及多普勒目标运动特性估计思想，提出基于广义时频分析(G-TFA)和最小二乘估计的运动目标长度估计方法。
en-us	In order to estimate the length of moving ship targets in Alpha stable distribution noise, a movingtarget length estimation method based on Generalized Time-Frequency Analysis (G-TFA) and least squaresestimation is proposed, which utilizes nonlinear transform to suppress impulsive noise and Doppler effect toestimate target motion characteristics.

zh-cn	该方法首先利用G-TFA获取Alpha稳定分布噪声环境下运动目标的多普勒频率，然后利用最小二乘方法估计出目标航速和不同位置的横正时刻，最后利用上述估计结果计算目标长度。
en-us	The method uses G-TFA to obtain the Doppler frequency of movingtargets in a stable distributed noise environment. Then, the least squares method is used to estimate the targetspeed and the closest point of approach time of different positions. Finally, the target length is calculated usingthe above estimation results.

zh-cn	以广义Winger-Ville分布(G-WVD)为例，从理论上推导了G-TFA在Alpha稳定分布噪声环境下具有提取目标多普勒特征的能力，并通过仿真实验验证了该算法在中低混合信噪比下的稳健性。
en-us	Taking Generalized Winger-Ville Distribution (G-WVD) as an example, the ability of G-TFA to extract Doppler features in Alpha stable distributed noise is theoretically derived. The robustness of the proposed method under low-to-medium mixed signal-to-noise ratio is verified by simulation experiments.

zh-cn	与现有算法相比，该文所提算法不需要估计噪声特征指数，算法性能优于基于传统时频分析的估计方法。
en-us	Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method does not need to estimate the noise characteristic index, and the performance is better than the methods based on the traditional time-frequency analysis.

zh-cn	在移动无线传感网络(MWSN)的部署问题中最关键的是如何提供最大的区域覆盖范围。
en-us	The most critical issue in the deployment of Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSN) is how to providemaximum regional coverage.

zh-cn	针对现有的覆盖控制算法存在覆盖率不理想、部署效率低、能耗过高的问题，该文提出了一种高效部署策略。
en-us	To solve the problem that the existing coverage control algorithm has unsatisfactorycoverage, low deployment efficiency and high energy consumption, an efficient deployment strategy isproposed.

zh-cn	第1阶段利用Voronoi图获得整个网络的覆盖孔，检测Voronoi多边形内的未覆盖区域，并提供虚拟力驱动传感器移动，同时采用动态调整策略改变移动步长，从而减少能量损耗；
en-us	The first stage uses the Voronoi diagram to obtain the coverage hole of the entire network, and detectsthe uncovered area in the Voronoi polygon, and provides virtual force to drive the sensor movement, and usesthe dynamic adjustment strategy to change the moving step size, thereby reducing energy loss;

zh-cn	第2阶段提出一种检测机制，利用Delaunay三角网检测传感器之间的局部覆盖孔并进行修复。
en-us	The second stage proposes a detection mechanism that uses a Delaunay triangulation to detect local coverage holes between sensors and repair them.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法在提高网络覆盖率的同时加快了收敛速度，为部署移动无线传感网络提供了新的解决思路。
en-us	The simulation results show that the algorithm accelerates the convergence speed while improving the network coverage, and provides a new solution for deploying mobile wireless sensor networks.

zh-cn	针对目前客户端反外挂方法的诸多局限，该文提出一种基于内核事件的网络游戏反外挂方法，并实现了反外挂系统CheatBlocker。
en-us	In view of many limitations of current client anti plug-in methods, an anti-cheat method based onkernel events is proposed, and the network game anti-cheat system called CheatBlocker is implemented.

zh-cn	该方法通过监控Windows系统中的内核事件监视和拦截进程间的异常访问及异常模块注入，同时从内核注入反外挂动态加载库(DLL)用以阻断鼠标键盘的模拟。
en-us	This method uses the kernel event monitoring provided by Windows to intercept the abnormal access between processes and the injection of abnormal modules. At the same time, the anti-cheat Dynamic Loaded Library(DLL) injected from the kernel can block the simulation of the mouse keyboard.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，CheatBlocker可防御进程模块注入外挂和用户输入模拟类外挂，且具有较低的性能开销。
en-us	The experimental results showthat CheatBlocker can defend against process module injection cheating and user input simulation cheating,and has low performance overhead.

zh-cn	而且，CheatBlocker无需修改内核数据或代码，相比于目前的反外挂系统具有更好的通用性与兼容性。
en-us	Moreover, CheatBlocker does not need to modify the kernel data or codewhich ensures the integrity of the kernel and is more compatible than the current anti-cheat systems.

zh-cn	针对现有RS码识别算法需要对码字符号在不同域之间进行转化，且容错性能较差的问题，该文提出一种直接利用软判决序列完成RS码识别算法。
en-us	To solve the problem that the existing algorithms for recognition of RS codes need to transform thecode characters among different domains and poor performance, a new algorithm based on soft decision isproposed.

zh-cn	算法首先从RS码定义出发，给出了RS码校验关系从GF(2m)到GF(2)上的等价转换方式，从而避免了不同域下复杂的符号转化；
en-us	Firstly, starting from the definition of RS codes, the equivalent conversion mode of the check relationof RS code from GF (2m) to GF (2) is given, which avoids the complex symbol transformation in differentdomains.

zh-cn	其次引入了能够衡量校验关系成立大小的平均校验符合度概念，然后基于其统计特性以及极大极小判决准则，遍历可能的码长以及对应的m级本原多项式，进行初始码根校验匹配，从而完成码长以及本原多项式识别；
en-us	Secondly, the average check conformity which can measure the validity of the check relationship isintroduced and based on its statistical characteristics and minimax decision criteria, the possible code lengthand corresponding m-level primitive polynomials are traversed to match the initial code root, as the results, thecode length and primitive polynomial are recognized.

zh-cn	最后利用识别出的码长以及本原多项式，构建本原多项式下GF(2m)，进行连续码根匹配判决，最终完成码生成多项式识别。
en-us	Finally, under the identified code length and the primitivepolynomial, the GF (2m) is constructed, and the continuous code root matching decision is made, then thegeneration polynomial is recognized.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明：推导的平均校验符合度统计特性与实际情况一致，算法能在低信噪比下有效完成参数识别；
en-us	The simulation results show that the derived statistical characteristics ofthe average check conformity are consistent with the actual situation, and the proposed algorithm caneffectively recognize parameter under low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).

zh-cn	同时该算法具有较好的低信噪比适应能力，在信噪比为6 dB条件下，工程中常见的RS码识别率均能达到90%以上。
en-us	At the same time, the proposedalgorithm has good adaptability to low SNR. At SNR of 6 dB, the recognition rate of common RS codes inengineering can reach more than 90%.

zh-cn	与现有算法相比，该文算法性能明显好于硬判决算法，且比传统算法提升1 dB以上性能。
en-us	Compared with the existing methods, the performance of this algorithmis better than hard-decision algorithm, besides, it is improved by more than 1 dB compared by traditionalalgorithms.

zh-cn	该文提出了一种用于高速高精度电荷域流水线模数转换器(ADC)的电荷域4.5位前端子级电路。
en-us	A 4.5 bit sub-stage circuit for high speed high precision charge domain pipelined Analog-to-DigitalConverter (ADC) is proposed.

zh-cn	该4.5位子级电路使用增强型电荷传输(BCT)电路替代传统开关电容技术流水线ADC中的高增益带宽积运放来实现电荷信号传输和余量处理，从而实现超低功耗。
en-us	Instead of the high-performance opamps used in traditional switched-capacitorpipelined ADCs, charge transfer and residue charge calculation is realized with Boosted Charge Transfer (BCT)circuit in the proposed 4.5 bit sub-stage.

zh-cn	所提4.5位子级电路被运用于一款14位210 MS/s电荷域ADC中作为前端第1级子级电路，并在1P6M 0.18 mm CMOS工艺下实现。
en-us	Therefore, the power consumption of the 4.5 bit sub-stage circuit canbe reduced remarkably. The proposed 4.5 bit sub-stage circuit is used as the 1st stage circuit for a 14 bit 210MS/s charge domain pipelined ADC and realized in a 1P6M 0.18 mm CMOS process.

zh-cn	测试结果显示，该14位ADC电路在210 MS/s条件下对于30.1 MHz单音正弦输入信号得到的无杂散动态范围为85.4 dBc，信噪比为71.5 dBFS, ADC内核面积为3.2 mm2，功耗仅为205 mW。
en-us	Test results show the 14 bit210 MS/s ADC achieves the signal-to-noise ratio of 71.5 dBFS and the spurious free dynamic range of 85.4 dB,with 30.1 MHz input single tone signal at 210 MS/s, while the ADC core consumes the power consumption of205 mW and occupies an area of 3.2 mm2.

zh-cn	协同跨平面会话中断攻击(CXPST)通过反复对多条目标关键链路实施低速率拒绝服务攻击(LDoS)造成域间路由系统的级联失效，从而导致互联网的崩溃。
en-us	Coordinated Cross Plane Session Termination (CXPST) repeatedly implements Low rate Denial ofService (LDoS) attacks on multiple target critical links, causing the cascading failure of the inter-domainrouting system and the collapse of the internet.

zh-cn	在攻击发生的初期，准确定位受攻击的关键链路并进行针对性防御可遏制级联失效的发生。
en-us	In the early stages of an attack, accurately locating the criticallink under attack and carrying out targeted defense can prevent the occurrence of cascading failures.

zh-cn	现有定位方法研究主要基于单源假设，没有考虑多条目标链路同时失效对路径撤回的影响，定位准确度受限。
en-us	Theresearch on existing locating methods is mainly based on the single-source hypothesis, and does not consider theimpact of simultaneous failure of multiple target links on path withdrawal, so the locating accuracy is limited.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，该文提出一种基于加权统计匹配得分的多失效链路定位方法(WSFS)，以级联失效攻击目标链路选择策略作为推断基础，将撤销路径长度的倒数作为权重对评分进行加权。
en-us	To solve the above problems, a locating method is proposed based on Weighted Statistical Fit Score (WSFS).Using the target link selection strategy of cascading failure attack as inferring basis, scores are weighted by thereciprocal of the length of the withdrawal paths.

zh-cn	基于实际网络拓扑和有利点位置的级联失效攻击仿真实验结果表明，WSFS比目前最优方法平均准确率可提升5.45%。
en-us	The simulation results based on the actual network topologyand vantage point location show that WSFS can improve the average accuracy rate by 5.45% compared withthe current optimal method.

zh-cn	实验结果证明WSFS相比于其他定位方法更适合应对域间路由系统级联失效下的目标失效链路定位问题。
en-us	Experimental results prove that WSFS is more suitable for locating target failurelinks in inter-domain routing system cascading failure than other locating methods.

zh-cn	为改善运营商网络提供的移动服务体验，该文研究服务功能链(SFC)的在线迁移问题。
en-us	To improve the service experience provided by the operator network, this paper studies the onlinemigration of Service Function Chain(SFC).

zh-cn	首先基于马尔可夫决策过程(MDP)对服务功能链中的多个虚拟网络功能(VNF)在运营商网络中的驻留位置迁移进行模型化分析。
en-us	Based on the Markov Decision Process(MDP), modeling analysis isperformed on the migration of multiple Virtual Network Functions(VNF) in SFC.

zh-cn	通过将强化学习和深度神经网络相结合提出一种基于双深度Q网络(double DQN)的服务功能链迁移机制，该迁移方法能在连续时间下进行服务功能链的在线迁移决策并避免求解过程中的过度估计。
en-us	By combining reinforcement learning and deep neural networks, a double Deep Q-Network(double DQN) based service function chain migration mechanism is proposed. This method can make online migration decisions and avoid over-estimation.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文所提出的策略相比于固定部署算法和贪心算法在端到端时延和网络系统收益等方面优势明显，有助于运营商改善服务体验和资源的使用效率。
en-us	Experimental result shows that when compared with the fixed deployment algorithm and the greedy algorithm, the double DQN based SFC migration mechanism has obvious advantages in end-to-end delay and network system revenue, which can help the mobile operator to improve the quality of experience and the efficiency of resources usage.

zh-cn	口令猜测攻击是一种最直接的获取信息系统访问权限的攻击，采用恰当方法生成的口令字典能够准确地评估信息系统口令集的安全性。
en-us	Password guessing attack is the most direct way to break information systems. Using appropriate methods to generate password dictionaries can accurately evaluate the security of password sets.

zh-cn	该文提出一种针对中文口令集的口令字典生成方法(CSNN)。
en-us	This paperproposes a new approach to the Chinese password set security evaluation that is named Chinese Syllables andNeural Network-based password generation (CSNN).

zh-cn	该方法将每个完整的汉语拼音视为一个整体元素，后利用汉语拼音的规则对口令进行结构划分与处理。
en-us	In CSNN, each chinese syllable is treated as an integral element, and the spelling rules of chinese syllable can be used to parse and process the passwords.

zh-cn	将处理后的口令放入长短期记忆网络(LSTM)中训练，用训练后的模型生成口令字典。
en-us	Theprocessed passwords are then trained in the neural network model of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), whichis used to generate password dictionaries (guessing sets).

zh-cn	该文通过命中率实验评估CSNN方法的效能，将CSNN与其它两种经典口令生成方法(即，概率上下文无关文法PCFG和5阶马尔可夫链模型)对生成口令的命中率进行实验对比。
en-us	To evaluate the performance of CSNN, the hit rates ofguessing sets generated by CSNN is compared with the two classical approaches (i.e., Probability Context-FreeGrammar (PCFG) and 5th-order Markov chain model).

zh-cn	实验选取了不同规模的字典，结果显示，CSNN方法生成的口令字典的综合表现优于另外两种方案。
en-us	In the hit rate experiment, guessing sets of differentscales are selected; the results show that the comprehensive performance of guessing sets generated by CSNN isbetter than PCFG and 5th-order markov chain model.

zh-cn	与概率上下文无关文法相比，在猜测数为107时，CSNN字典在不同测试集上的命中率提高了5.1%～7.4%(平均为6.3%)；
en-us	Compared with PCFG, different scales of CSNNguessing sets can improve 5.1%～7.4% in hit rate on some test sets by 107 guesses (average 6.3%);

zh-cn	相对于5阶马尔可夫链模型，在猜测数为8×105时，CSNN字典在不同测试集上的命中率提高了2.8%～12%(平均为8.2%)。
en-us	Compared with 5th-order markov chain model, the CSNN guessing sets increased its hit rate by 2.8% to 12% (with anaverage of 8.2%) by 8×105 guesses.

zh-cn	短参考差分混沌移位键控(SR-DCSK)系统主要的缺陷是数据传输速率较低。
en-us	The major drawback of Short Reference Differential Chaos Shift Keying (SR-DCSK) system is the low data transmission rate.

zh-cn	为此，该文提出一种短参考多用户差分混沌移位键控(SR-MUDCSK) 通信方案。
en-us	To solve the problem, a Short Reference Multi-User Differential Chaos Shift Keying(SR-MUDCSK) communication scheme is proposed.

zh-cn	利用Walsh码的正交性传输多个用户的信息，有效提高了数据传输速率。
en-us	The orthogonality of Walsh code is used to transmit the information of multiple users, which effectively improves the data transmission rate.

zh-cn	在AWGN和多径Rayleigh衰落信道环境下，对其误码性能进行了理论分析，并进行了实验仿真。
en-us	The theoretical Bit ErrorRate (BER) performance is analyzed, and experimental simulation is carried out under AWGN and multipathRayleigh fading channel environment, respectively.

zh-cn	结果表明：该系统在传输速率方面有较大提升，且能量效率也得到了显著改善，因此其具有重要应用价值。
en-us	The results show that the system has a significantimprovement in transmission rate, and the energy efficiency is also significantly improved. Therefore, it is ofgreat value in application.

zh-cn	短波链路不同传播模式的多径时延通常为0.5～2.0 ms，该文研究同一传播模式的多径时延，在考虑地磁场影响的情况下，将电离层短波传播的折射指数和射线追踪结合起来，给出了数值迭代算法，实现了用数值方法来描述电离层色散引起的多径时延，并进行了数值仿真，得出短波宽带通信的模拟带宽应为48 kHz。
en-us	The multipath delay for different propagation mode is 0.5～2.0 ms, and the multipath delay for the same propagation mode is analyzed. Taking into account the earth magnetic field effects, the refractive index of High frequency propagation in ionosphere is combined with ray tracing, and then a new numerical iteration algorithm is given. The multipath delay caused by ionosphere dispersion is analyzed by numerical method, and the simulation is realized. Thus the analogue bandwidth of wideband communication for high frequency shouldbe 48 kHz.

zh-cn	由于强大的高质量图像生成能力，生成对抗网络在图像融合和图像超分辨率等计算机视觉的研究中得到了广泛关注。
en-us	The generative adversarial network receives extensive attention in the study of computer vision such as image fusion and image super-resolution, due to its strong ability of generating high quality images.

zh-cn	目前基于生成对抗网络的遥感图像融合方法只使用网络学习图像之间的映射，缺乏对遥感图像中特有的全锐化领域知识的应用。
en-us	At present, the remote sensing image fusion method based on generative adversarial network only learns the mapping between the images, and lacks the unique Pan-sharpening domain knowledge.

zh-cn	该文提出一种融入全色图空间结构信息的优化生成对抗网络遥感图像融合方法。
en-us	This paper proposes aremote sensing image fusion method based on optimized generative adversarial network with the integration of the spatial structure information of panchromatic image.

zh-cn	通过梯度算子提取全色图空间结构信息，将提取的特征同时加入判别器和具有多流融合架构的生成器，设计相应的优化目标和融合规则，从而提高融合图像的质量。
en-us	The proposed algorithm extracts the spatial structureinformation of the panchromatic image by the gradient operator. The extracted feature would be added to both the discriminator and the generator which uses a multi-stream fusion architecture. The corresponding optimization objective and fusion rules are then designed to improve the quality of the fused image.

zh-cn	结合WorldView-3卫星获取的图像进行实验，结果表明，所提方法能够生成高质量的融合图像，在主观视觉和客观评价指标上都优于大多先进的遥感图像融合方法。
en-us	Experiments on images acquired by WorldView-3 satellites demonstrate that the proposed method can generate high quality fused images, which is better than the most of advanced remote sensing image fusion methods in both subjective visual and objective evaluation indicators.

zh-cn	随着人工智能的发展，许多优化问题发展为高维的大规模优化问题。
en-us	Many optimization problems develop into high-dimensional large-scale optimization problems in the process of the development of artificial intelligence.

zh-cn	在自然计算方法中，针对高维问题虽然能避免算法陷入局部最优，但是在收敛速度和时间可行性上却不占优势。
en-us	Although the high-dimensional problem can avoid thealgorithm falling into local optimum, it has no advantage in convergence speed and time feasibility.

zh-cn	该文在传统自然计算方法的基础上，提出了非线性降维的自然计算方法(NDR)，该策略不依赖具体的算法，具有普适性。
en-us	Therefore,the natural computing method for Nonlinear Dimension Reduction (NDR) is proposed. This strategy does not depend on specific algorithm and has universality.

zh-cn	该方法将初始化的N个个体看做一个N行D列的矩阵，然后对矩阵的列向量求最大线性无关组，从而减少矩阵的冗余度，达到降低维度的目的。
en-us	In this method, the initialized N individuals are regarded asa matrix of N rows and D columns, and then the maximum linear independent group is calculated for thecolumn vector of the matrix, so as to reduce the redundancy of the matrix and reduce the dimension.

zh-cn	在此过程中，由于剩余的任意列向量组均可由最大线性无关组表示，所以通过对最大线性无关组施加一个随机系数来维持种群的多样性和完整性。
en-us	In thisprocess, since any remaining column vector group can be represented by the maximum linearly independentgroup, a random coefficient is applied to the maximum linearly independent group to maintain the diversityand integrity of the population.

zh-cn	将该文所提策略分别应用到标准遗传算法(GA)和粒子群优化算法(PSO)中，并与标准粒子群算法、遗传算法以及目前主流的对维数进行优化的4个算法对比，
en-us	The standard genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization using NDR strategy compare with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the four mainstream algorithms for dimension optimization.

zh-cn	实验证明，改进的算法对大部分标准测试函数都具有很强的全局收敛能力，其寻优能力超过了上述6个算法，同时改进后的算法在运行时间上远优于对比算法。
en-us	Experiments show that the improved algorithm has strong globalconvergence ability and better time complexity for most standard test functions.

zh-cn	近年来，超多目标优化问题(MaOPs)成为了进化计算领域的研究热点。
en-us	In recent year, the Many-objective Optimization Problems (MaOPs) have become an increasingly hotresearch area in evolutionary computation.

zh-cn	然而，在处理各种优化问题中，如何有效地平衡收敛性和多样性仍是一个难题。
en-us	However, it is still a difficult problem to achieve a good balancebetween convergence and diversity on solving various kinds of MaOPs.

zh-cn	为了解决上述的问题，该文提出了一种基于分解和支配关系的超多目标进化算法(DdrEA)。
en-us	To alleviate this issue mentioned above,a Decomposition and dominance relation based many-objective Evolutionary Algorithm(DdrEA) is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	首先利用权重向量把整个种群分解为一组子种群，这些子种群将进行协同优化；
en-us	Firstly, the population is decomposed into numbers of sub-populations by using a set of uniformweight vectors, in which they are optimized in a cooperative manner.

zh-cn	然后利用角度和角度支配关系计算子种群内每个解的值；
en-us	Then, the fitness value of solution in eachsub-population is calculated by angle dominance relation and angle.

zh-cn	最后根据适应度值进行精英选择，即在每个子空间内选取适应度值最小的解作为精英解进入下一代。
en-us	Finally, elite selection strategy is performedaccording to its corresponding fitness value. That is, in each subspace, the solution with the smallest fitnessvalue is selected as the elite solution to enter the next generation.

zh-cn	DdrEA通过与当前较优的NSGA-II/AD, RVEA, MOMBI-II等多个超多目标进化算法进行实验对比，实验结果表明该文算法性能明显优于对比算法，能够有效平衡种群的收敛性和多样性。
en-us	Comparing with several high-dimensional andmulti-objective evolutionary algorithms (NSGA-II/AD, RVEA, MOMBI-II), the experimental results show thatthe performance of the proposed algorithm DdrEA is better than that of the comparison algorithm, and theconvergence and diversity of the population can be effectively balanced.

zh-cn	为了降低核仿射投影P范数(KAPP)算法的计算量和存储容量，提高在输入信号强相关时KAPP算法的收敛速度和稳态性能，该文提出基于高斯核显性映射的核归一化解相关APP(KNDAPP-GKEM)算法。
en-us	In order to reduce the computation complexity and storage capacity of the Kernel Affine ProjectionP-norm (KAPP) algorithm, and improve the convergence rate and steady-state performance of the algorithmwhen the input signal is strongly correlated, a Kernel Normalization Decorrelated Affine Projection P-normalgorithm based on Gaussian Kernel Explicit Mapping (KNDAPP-GKEM) is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法利用归一化解相关方法预先解除输入信号的相关性；
en-us	The correlation of the input signal is eliminated in advance by the normalized correlation method.

zh-cn	利用高斯核显式映射方法近似得到显式核函数，消除了对历史数据的依赖，解决了KAPP算法因结构不断生长导致的计算量和存储容量过大的问题。
en-us	The explicit kernel function isapproximated by Gaussian kernel explicit mapping method, which eliminates the dependence on historical dataand solves the problem that the computation and storage capacity of the KAPP algorithm are too high due tothe continuous growth of structure.

zh-cn	α稳定分布噪声背景下的非线性系统辨识仿真结果表明，在输入信号强相关时KNDAPP-GKEM算法收敛速度快，非线性系统辨识稳态均方误差小，训练所需时间呈线性缓慢增长，有利于实际非线性系统辨识的应用。
en-us	The simulation results of nonlinear system identification under α-stable distribution noise environment show that when the training data scale is large, the KNDAPP-GKEM algorithm still maintains a fast convergence rate and the low identification mean square error of nonlinear system.Moreover, its training time is linearly and slowly increased, which is more conducive to the practical application of nonlinear system identification.

zh-cn	该文针对工业控制系统安全，提出面向数控系统(NCS)网络安全保护技术框架，
en-us	For the security of industrial control system, a framework for Numerical Control System(NCS)network security protection technology is proposed.

zh-cn	选用国产密码系列算法中的SM2, SM3, SM4算法，设计并建立了数控网络(CNC)认证与验证模型(AUTH-VRF)，分内外两层为数控网络提供安全防护。
en-us	The SM2, SM3 and SM4 algorithms in the domestic cryptographic algorithms are used to design and establish the AUTHentication and VRFfication (AUTH-VRF)model of the Computerized Numerical Control(CNC) network, which provides security protection for both internal and external sides.

zh-cn	外层为数控网络设备间通信与传输进行安全认证实现网段隔离，内层验证通信协议完整性以确保现场设备接收运行程序的正确性与有效性；
en-us	The external side conducts the security authentication for communication andtransmission between CNC network devices to achieve network segment isolation. The internal side verifiescommunication protocol integrity to ensure that the operating procedures received by the field devices arecorrect and valid.

zh-cn	通过基于SM2, SM3, SM4算法设计和部署的外层防护装置，为分布式数控(DNC)设备与数控系统之间的通信提供身份认证与文件加密传输；
en-us	The external protection device designed and deployed based on the SM2, SM3 and SM4algorithms provides identity authentication and file encryption transmission for communication between theDistributed Numerical Control(DNC) device and the CNC system.

zh-cn	同时针对工业控制网络的S7Comm工业通信协议数据，通过SM3算法验证专有工业协议数据完整性。
en-us	At the same time, for the proprietaryindustrial communication protocol data in the CNC network, the SM3 algorithm is used to verify its integrity.

zh-cn	通过网络攻击实验证明，AUTH-VRF模型可以为数控网络中工业生产数据提供有效的安全认证和资源完整性保护，
en-us	The network attack experiments prove that the AUTH-VRF model can provide effective security certificationand integrity protection for industrial production data in CNC networks.

zh-cn	为满足我国关键基础设施“国内、国外工业控制系统产品共同安全可控”和“安全技术深入工业控制系统各个层级”的需求提供了实际可行的技术参考方案。
en-us	It also provides a practical technicalapproach to meet the requirements of ‘secure and controllable both for domestic and foreign products’, as well as ‘applying security technique to all layers of Industrial Control Systems’ for protecting the criticalinfrastructure.

zh-cn	心律失常等慢性心血管疾病严重影响人类健康，采用心电信号(ECG)实现心律失常自动分类可有效提高该类疾病的诊断效率，降低人工成本。
en-us	Chronic cardiovascular diseases such as arrhythmia seriously affect human health. The automaticclassification of ElectroCardioGram(ECG) signals can effectively improve the diagnostic efficiency of suchdiseases and reduce labor costs.

zh-cn	为此，该文基于1维心电信号，提出一种改进的长短时记忆网络(LSTM)方法实现心律失常自动分类。
en-us	To tackle this problem, an improved Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM)method is proposed to achieve automatic classification of one dimensional ECG signals.

zh-cn	该方法首先设计深层卷积神经网络(CNN)对心电信号进行深度编码，提取心电信号形态特征。
en-us	Firstly, deepConvolutional Neural Network (CNN) is designed to deeply encode the ECG signal, and ECG signalmorphological features are extracted.

zh-cn	其次，搭建长短时记忆分类网络实现基于心电信号特征的心律失常自动分类。
en-us	Secondly, the LSTM classification network is used to realize automaticclassification of arrhythmia of ECG signal features.

zh-cn	基于MIT-BIH心律失常数据库进行的实验结果表明，该方法显著缩短分类时间，并获得超过99.2%的分类准确率，灵敏度等评价参数均得到不同程度的提高，满足心电信号自动分类实时高效的要求。
en-us	Experimental studies based on the MIT-BIH arrhythmiadatabase show that the training duration is significantly shortened and more than 99.2% classification accuracyis obtained. Sensitivity and other evaluation parameters are improved to meet the real-time and efficientrequirements for automatic classification of ECG signals.

zh-cn	僵尸网络已成为网络空间安全的主要威胁之一，虽然目前可通过逆向工程等技术来对其进行检测，但是使用了诸如fast-flux等隐蔽技术的僵尸网络可以绕过现有的安全检测并继续存活。
en-us	Botnets have become one of the main threats to cyberspace security. Although they can be detectedby techniques such as reverse engineering, botnets using covert technologies such as fast-flux can successfullybypass existing security detection and continue to survive.

zh-cn	现有的fast-flux僵尸网络检测方法主要分为主动和被动两种，前者会造成较大的网络负载，后者存在特征值提取繁琐的问题。
en-us	The existing fast-flux botnet detection methods aremainly divided into active and passive, the former will cause a large network load, and the latter has theproblem of cumbersome feature value extraction.

zh-cn	因此为了有效检测fast-flux僵尸网络并解决传统检测方法中存在的问题，该文结合卷积神经网络和循环神经网络，提出了基于流量时空特征的fast-flux僵尸网络检测方法。
en-us	In order to effectively detect fast-flux botnets and alleviatethe problems in traditional detection methods, a fast-flux botnet detection method based on spatiotemporalfeatures of network traffic is proposed, combined with convolutional neural networks and recurrent neuralnetwork models, the fast-flux botnet is detected from both spatial and temporal dimensions.

zh-cn	结合CTU-13和ISOT公开数据集的实验结果表明，该文所提检测方法和其他方法相比，准确率提升至98.3%，召回率提升至96.7%，精确度提升至97.5%。
en-us	Experimentsperformed on the CTU-13 and ISOT public data sets show that compared with other methods, the accuracyrate of the proposed method is 98.3%, the recall rate is 96.7%, and the accuracy is 97.5%.

zh-cn	能量数据作为模板攻击过程中的关键对象，具有维度高、有效维度少、不对齐的特点，在进行有效的预处理之前，模板攻击难以奏效。
en-us	As the key object in the process of template analysis, power traces have the characteristics of highdimension, less effective dimension and unaligned. Before effective preprocessing, template attack is difficult towork.

zh-cn	针对能量数据的特性，该文提出一种基于流形学习思想进行整体对齐的方法，以保留能量数据的变化特征，随后通过线性投影的方法降低数据的维度。
en-us	Based on the characteristics of energy data, a global alignment method based on manifold learning isproposed to preserve the changing characteristics of power traces, and then the dimensionality of data isreduced by linear projection.

zh-cn	使用该方法在Panda 2018 challenge1标准数据集进行了验证，实验结果表明，该方法的特征提取效果优于传统的PCA和LDA方法，能大幅度提高模板攻击的成功率。
en-us	The method is validated in Panda 2018 challenge1 standard datasets respectively.The experimental results show that the feature extraction effect of this method is superior over that oftraditional PCA and LDA methods.

zh-cn	最后采用模板攻击恢复密钥，仅使用两条能量迹密钥恢复成功率即可达到80%以上。
en-us	Finally, the method of template analysis is used to recover the key, andthe recovery success rates can reach 80% with only two traces.

zh-cn	星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)稀疏重航过3维成像技术通过交轨向的多次飞行观测，获得观测场景的第3维分辨。
en-us	The space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sparse flight three-dimensional (3-D) imagingtechnology through the multiple observations in cross-track direction obtains the 3-D spatial distribution of the observed scene.

zh-cn	该文给出了单颗卫星SAR稀疏重航过轨道分布，为有效缩短重访时间，同时给出了编队双星SAR轨道分布，对应的交轨向等效孔径长度为20 km。
en-us	In this paper, the orbit distribution of single satellite SAR sparse flight is given. In order toshorten effectively the satellite revisit time, the formation of double star SAR orbit distribution is given. The corresponding cross-track equivalent aperture length is 20 km.

zh-cn	提出了一种基于干涉处理和频域压缩感知(CS)的稀疏3维成像方法，利用稀疏重航过中的部分回波形成参考3维复图像，对待重建SAR 3维图像信号进行干涉处理，使信号在频域具备稀疏性。
en-us	A sparse 3-D imaging method based oninterferometry and compressed sensing is proposed. The referential complex image is formed by using part ofthe echoes of the sparse flight, and the SAR 3-D image signals which are to be reconstruct are processed byinterferometry. This method makes the signal sparse in the frequency domain.

zh-cn	在大轨道分布范围下，建立频域距离向-交轨向线性测量矩阵，利用CS理论联合求解稀疏表征下的图像频谱，避免交轨向和距离向的回波信号耦合。
en-us	Under the large orbitdistribution range, the frequency domain range direction and cross-track linear measurement matrix isestablished, which is beneficial to the Compressed Sensing(CS) theory to solve jointly the image frequencyspectrum under sparse representation, and avoid the echoes coupling between the range and cross-trackdirection.

zh-cn	将求解所得频谱逆变换至空间域，可得到观测场景的3维图像重建结果。
en-us	Inversely transforming the resulting spectrum into the spatial domain, the reconstruction result canbe obtained.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文方法在稀疏采样率74.4%条件下，仍可获得与满采样成像性能相当的结果，验证了干涉处理频域稀疏方法在星载SAR 3维成像中的有效性。
en-us	Simulation results show that under the condition of sparse sampling rate of 74.4%, the imaging performance of the proposed method is still comparable to that of full sampling.

zh-cn	采用非线性对比源反演(CSI)算法求解电磁逆散射问题时，在每次迭代过程中都涉及到求解散射场数据关于对比源和总场的微分，即Jacobi矩阵，
en-us	When using the nonlinear Contrast Source Inversion (CSI) algorithm to solve the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem, each iteration involves finding the differential of the dissolution radiation field data about the contrast source and the total field, i.e., the Jacobi matrix.

zh-cn	该矩阵求解导致算法存在计算代价大和收敛速度慢等问题。
en-us	The solution of the matrix leads to the problem of large computational cost and slow convergence speed of the algorithm.

zh-cn	该文在CSI框架下，采用一种基于随机平均梯度下降的对比源反演算法(SAG-CSI)代替原来的全梯度交替共轭梯度算法来重构介质目标介电常数的空间分布信息。
en-us	in this paper, a ContrastSource Inversion algorithm based on Stochastic Average Gradient descent (SAG-CSI) is used instead of the original full gradient alternating Conjugate Gradient algorithm to reconstruct the spatial distribution information of the dielectric constant of the dielectric target under the CSI framework.

zh-cn	该方法在每次迭代中只需计算随机抽取的部分测量数据在目标函数中的梯度信息，同时目标函数对未抽中的测量数据的梯度信息保持不变，用以上两部分梯度信息共同求解出目标函数的最优值。
en-us	The method only needs to calculate the gradient information of the randomly selected part of the measurement data in the objective function in each iteration, while the objective function keeps the gradient information of the unscented measurement data, and the optimal value of the objective function is solved together with the above two parts of the gradient information.

zh-cn	由模拟数据结果表明，该方法与传统CSI方法在成像精度相比拟的情况下，降低了计算代价并提高算法收敛速度。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method reduces the computationalcost and improves the convergence speed of the algorithm when compared with the traditional CSI method.

zh-cn	在辐射源个体识别(SEI)技术中，能量较高的主信号往往导致微弱个体特征稳定性降低，进而影响最终的个体识别效果。
en-us	In Specific Emitter Identification (SEI), the stability of individual features and final correctidentification rate are always declined due to the influence of the primary signal with high energy on theindividual features.

zh-cn	为了解决该问题并提升辐射源个体识别性能，该文提出基于同步压缩小波变换的主信号抑制技术。
en-us	To solve the problem above, a primary signal suppression algorithm based onsynchrosqueezed wavelet transform is exploited for specific emitter identification in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，利用静态小波变换完成对带噪信号的去噪预处理；
en-us	Firstly, adenoising method based on stationary wavelet transform is applied to preprocess the noised signal;

zh-cn	然后，利用同步压缩小波变换完成对主信号的检测和抑制，并以均方根误差和皮尔逊相关系数为数值指标，验证算法的有效性；
en-us	Then, thedetection and suppression of the primary signal from time-frequency distribution are developed, where rootmean square error and Pearson correlation coefficient are used as numerical indicators to measure theeffectiveness of the proposed primary signal suppression algorithm;

zh-cn	最后，在主信号抑制的基础上，利用分形理论中盒维数完成对信号的特征提取，并利用单核支持向量机验证个体识别性能。
en-us	Finally, a feature extraction based on box-counting dimension and a classification based on support vector machine are exploited to verify theidentification performance.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与主信号抑制之前相比，主信号抑制算法下个体识别率提升了10%左右，验证了同步压缩小波变换的主信号抑制算法对辐射源个体识别率提升的有效性。
en-us	The simulation results show that the correct identification rate of SEI using theproposed primary signal suppression outperforms the conventional SEI with 10%, which proves the practicalimprovement of the proposed primary signal suppression algorithm on specific emitter identification.

zh-cn	针对车联网业务的低时延、低功耗需求及海量设备计算卸载引起的网络拥塞问题，该文提出一种在云雾混合网络架构下的联合计算卸载、计算资源和无线资源分配算法(JODRAA)。
en-us	For the problems of low delay, low power requirement and access congestion caused by computational unloading of mass devices, a Joint Offloading Decision and Resource Allocation Algorithm (JODRAA) is proposed based on cloud-fog hybrid network architecture.

zh-cn	首先，该算法考虑将云计算与雾计算结合，以最大时延作为约束，建立最小化系统能耗和资源成本的资源优化模型。
en-us	Firstly, the algorithm considers the combination of cloud and fog computing, and establishes a resource optimization model to minimize system energy consumption and resource cost with maximum delay as constraint.

zh-cn	其次，将原问题转化为标准二次约束二次规划(QCQP)问题，并设计一种低复杂度的联合卸载决策和计算资源分配算法。
en-us	Secondly, the original problem istransformed into a standard Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Program (QCQP) problem, and a low-complexity joint unloading decision-making and computational resource allocation algorithm is designed.

zh-cn	进一步，针对海量设备计算卸载引起的网络拥塞问题，建立卸载用户接入请求队列的上溢概率估计模型，提出一种基于在线测量的雾节点时频资源配置算法。
en-us	Furthermore, considering the access congestion problem caused by massive computing of unloading devices, anestimation model of the overflow probability of unloading user access request queue is established, and an on-line measurement based time-frequency resource allocation algorithm for fog nodes is proposed.

zh-cn	最后，借助分式规划理论和拉格朗日对偶分解方法得到迭代的带宽和功率分配策略。
en-us	Finally, theiterative bandwidth and power allocation strategy is obtained by using fractional programming theory andLagrange dual decomposition method.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文算法可以在满足时延需求的前提下，最小化系统能耗和资源成本。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can minimizethe system energy consumption and resource cost on the premise of time delay.

zh-cn	针对经典轨迹与实时轨迹之间的大差异性，该文利用最长公共子序列理论，提出一种鲁棒的轨迹相似度量方法。
en-us	In view of the great difference between classical trajectory and real-time trajectory, a robust trajectory similarity measurement method is proposed based on the longest common subsequence theory.

zh-cn	该方法首先利用点到线段之间的距离判断经典轨迹的点与实时轨迹的线段是否一致；
en-us	Firstly, the distance between point and line segment is used to judge whether the point of classical trajectory isconsistent with the line segment of real-time trajectory.

zh-cn	然后利用改进的多对1最长公共子序列算法，计算经典轨迹与实时轨迹之间的最长公共子序列长度；
en-us	Secondly, the longest common subsequence lengthbetween classical trajectory and real-time trajectory is calculated by using the improved multi-to-one longestcommon subsequence algorithm.

zh-cn	最后将最长公共子序列长度与经典轨迹的点数的比值作为经典轨迹与实时轨迹之间的相似度。
en-us	Finally, the ratio of the longest common subsequence length to the number ofpoints of the classical trajectory is taken as the similarity between the classical trajectory and the real-timetrajectory.

zh-cn	实验说明该算法的鲁棒性，该算法能够有效解决经典轨迹与实时轨迹之间的大差异轨迹相似度量问题。
en-us	Experiments show that the algorithm is robust and can effectively solve the problem of similarity measurement between the classical trajectories and real-time trajectories.

zh-cn	针对长码长空间耦合低密度奇偶校验(SC-LDPC)码译码时延较长的问题，该文提出了分层滑动窗译码(LSWD)算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of the long decoding delay for the Spatially-Coupled Low-DensityParity-Check (SC-LDPC) code with long code length, a Layered Sliding Window Decoding (LSWD) algorithmis proposed.

zh-cn	该算法利用SC-LDPC子码码块的准循环特性和滑动窗内校验矩阵的层次结构，通过在滑动窗内对校验矩阵进行分层处理，优化层与层之间消息传递，从而加快窗内译码的收敛速度，减少了译码迭代次数。
en-us	By exploring the quasi-cyclic characteristics of the SC-LDPC sub-codeblock and the hierarchicalstructure of the check matrix in the sliding window, the part of check matrix in the sliding window is layered tooptimize the message transfer between two neighbor layers, with the aim of accelerating the convergence of theiterative procedure and reducing the number of decoding iterations.

zh-cn	仿真和分析结果表明：在相同的信噪比(SNR)条件和相同的误码性能要求下，LSWD算法所需的迭代次数少于滑动窗译码(SWD)算法，
en-us	Simulation and analysis results show thatthe number of iterations in the proposed LSWD algorithm is less than that in the SWD, under the same Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and the bit error ratio.

zh-cn	特别在高信噪比下，LSWD算法的迭代次数约为SWD算法的一半，从而有效缩短全局译码时延；
en-us	In the high SNR region, especially, the number of iterations in theproposed LSWD is about half of that in the SWD, hence the global decoding delay of the former is effectivelyshorten.

zh-cn	在相同译码迭代次数下，LSWD算法的译码性能优于SWD算法，而其计算复杂度增加不大。
en-us	In addition, the decoding performance of the LSWD algorithm is better than the SWD algorithmunder the same number of decoding iterations, and the overall computational complexity is slightly increased.

zh-cn	作为一类重要的信息安全产品，密码产品中所使用的密码技术保障了信息的保密性、完整性和不可抵赖性。
en-us	As a kind of important information security products, the cryptographic technique adopted by cryptographic products guarantees the confidentiality, integrity and non-repudiation of information.

zh-cn	而侧信道攻击是针对密码产品的一类重要的安全威胁，它主要利用了密码算法运算过程中侧信息(如时间、功耗等)的泄露，通过分析侧信息与秘密信息的依赖关系进行攻击。
en-us	The sidechannel attack is an important security threat against cryptographic products. It mainly utilizes the leakage of side information (such as time, power consumption, etc.) during the operation of cryptographic algorithm, and attacks by analyzing the dependence between side information and secret information.

zh-cn	对密码产品的抗侧信道攻击能力进行评估已成为密码测评的重要内容。
en-us	It has become animportant test content to evaluate the ability of cryptographic products to defend against the side channel attack.

zh-cn	该文从攻击性测试、通用评估以及形式化验证3个角度介绍了目前密码产品抗侧信道评估的发展情况。
en-us	The development of side channel evaluation of cryptographic products is introduced from three aspectsof attack test, general evaluation and formal verification.

zh-cn	其中攻击性测试是目前密码侧信道测评所采用的最主要的评估方式，它通过执行具体的攻击流程来恢复密钥等秘密信息。
en-us	The attack test is the most popular way adopted inside channel evaluation, which aims to recover the secret information such as the key by executing specific attack process.

zh-cn	后两种方式不以恢复秘密信息等为目的，而是侧重于评估密码实现是否存在侧信息泄露。
en-us	The latter two methods are not for the purpose of recovering secret information, but focus onassessing whether there is any side information leakage in the cryptographic implementation.

zh-cn	与攻击性测试相比，它们无需评估人员深入了解具体的攻击流程和实现细节，因此通用性更强。
en-us	They are more general than the attack test because they do not require the evaluator to go into the details of the attack process and implementation.

zh-cn	通用评估是以统计测试、信息熵计算等方式去刻画信息泄露的程度，如目前被广泛采用的测试向量泄露评估(TVLA)技术。
en-us	The general evaluation is to describe the degree of information leakage by means of statistical test and information entropy calculation. For example, Test Vector Leakage Assessment (TVLA)technology is widely used at present.

zh-cn	利用形式化方法对侧信道防护策略有效性进行评估是一个新的发展方向，其优势是可以自动化/半自动化地评估密码实现是否存在侧信道攻击弱点。
en-us	The formal method is a new development direction to evaluate theeffectiveness of side channel protection strategy which has the advantage that it can automatically/semi-automatically evaluate whether the cryptographic implementation has side channel attack vulnerability.

zh-cn	该文介绍了目前针对软件掩码、硬件掩码、故障防护等不同防护策略的形式化验证最新成果，主要包括基于程序验证、类型推导及模型计数等不同方法。
en-us	The latest results of formal verification for different protection strategies such as software mask, hardware mask and fault protection is introduced in this paper, mainly including program verification, type inference and model counting.

zh-cn	针对现有研究中缺乏对车辆网络切片的部署和管理，该文设计了车辆网络切片架构中的切片协调智能体。
en-us	In view of the lack of deployment and management of slicing in vehicular network, a slicecoordination agent of vehicular network slicing structure is designed.

zh-cn	首先基于K-means++聚类算法将车联网通信业务根据相似度进行聚类并映射到对应的切片中。
en-us	Firstly, based on the K-means++clustering algorithm, the vehicle network communication services are clustered according to the similarity andthen mapped into different slices.

zh-cn	其次，在考虑应用场景间的时空差异导致的无线资源利用不均衡现象，提出了共享比例公平方案以实现对无线资源的高效及差异化利用。
en-us	Secondly, considering the imbalance of radio resource utilization caused bythe space-time characteristic among application scenarios, a shared proportional fairness scheme is proposed toutilize radio resources efficiently and differently.

zh-cn	最后，为了保证切片服务需求，采用线性规划障碍方法求解最优的切片权重分配，使切片负载变化容忍度最大化。
en-us	Finally, in order to ensure the requirements of slicing service,linear programming obstacle method is used to solve the optimal slice weight distribution to maximize the sliceload variation tolerance.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，共享比例公平方案相比于静态切片方案平均比特传输时延(BTD)更小，在每切片用户数为30的情况下均匀分布用户负载场景中二者的BTD增益为1.4038，且在不同的用户负载分布场景下都能求出最优的切片权重分配。
en-us	Simulation results show that the shared proportional fairness scheme has smalleraverage Bit Transmission Delay (BTD) than the static slicing scheme, and the optimal slice weight distributioncan be obtained under different user load distribution scenarios. The BTD gain achieves 1.4038 in the uniformuser load scenario with 30 users per slice.

zh-cn	无人机(UAV)的便携性和高机动性使其与认知无线电(CR)结合的应用场景更加实用。
en-us	The application of Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV)-enabled Cognitive Radio (CR) is widely used dueto the convenience and high mobility of the UAV.

zh-cn	在构建的无人机认知无线网络(CRN)模型中，该文提出UAV单弧度吞吐量优化方案，在确保检测概率的前提下优化感知弧度最大化UAV平均吞吐量。
en-us	In the UAV-based Cognitive Radio Network (CRN), thethroughput optimization scheme in single radian is firstly investigated, in which the sensing radian is optimizedto maximize the average throughput of UAV.

zh-cn	考虑在信道条件不理想情况下进一步改善感知性能，提出基于协作频谱感知(CSS)的多弧度吞吐量优化方案，利用交替迭代优化(AIO)算法对感知弧度和弧度数量进行联合优化以最大化吞吐量。
en-us	Then, a multi-radian throughput optimization scheme based onCooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) is studied to improve the sensing performance under the non-idealchannel, and the throughput of the UAV is maximized by utilizing an Alternative Iterative Optimization (AIO)algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文提出的多弧度协作频谱感知方案在信道衰落严重时，对于主用户(PU)服务质量(QoS)和UAV吞吐量有明显提升。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has better performance on improving the throughput of the UAV and ensuring the Quality-of-Service (QoS) of the Primary User (PU) when the channel fading is serious.

zh-cn	为减小光照不均与随机抖动对胸环靶着弹检测精度的影响，该文提出一种融合时空上下文信息的胸环靶着弹检测算法。
en-us	A detection algorithm based on spatio-temporal context information is proposed to reduce the influence of non-uniform illumination and random jitter on the accuracy of target hole detection.

zh-cn	利用目标及其邻域的空间上下文信息进行光照均衡化，并提取胸环靶序列间时域运动上下文信息进行抖动校正。
en-us	The light equalization is carried out by using the spatial context information of target and its neighborhood, and the temporal motion context information between chest bitmap sequences is extracted for dithering correction.

zh-cn	为提高胸环靶图像的稳定性，该算法提出多参数融合方法对抖动校正后的序列图像进行像素级融合。
en-us	In order to improve the stability of chest bitmaps, a multi-parameter fusion method is proposed to perform pixel-level fusion of jitter corrected sequence images.

zh-cn	接着进行弹孔区域粗提取、能量筛选与重叠弹孔判别，获得弹孔位置分布。
en-us	Then, rough extraction of bullet hole area, energy screening andoverlapping bullet holes discrimination are carried out to obtain the location distribution of bullet holes.

zh-cn	采用在部队靶场实地采集的图像进行实验，验证了该算法可以有效抑制光照不均与随机抖动带来的噪声影响，具有较好的弹孔提取能力。
en-us	The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively suppress the noise caused by non-uniform illumination and random jitter, and has great ability of bullet hole extraction.

zh-cn	为揭示通信电台复杂电磁环境效应机理，该文采用全电平辐照法实验研究了某型超短波数字通信电台的单频和带外双频电磁辐射阻塞效应，确定了其单频电磁辐射效应规律和敏感带宽，
en-us	In order to reveal the complex electromagnetic environment effects mechanism of communicationradio, the blocking effect of single-frequency and out-of-band dual-frequency electromagnetic radiation for theultra-short wave digital communication radio is experimentally studied by irradiation method. The rule ofsingle-frequency electromagnetic radiation effect and the susceptible bandwidth are determined.

zh-cn	实验数据表明受试电台对带外双频3阶互调阻塞较单频电磁辐射阻塞干扰敏感9～23 dB。
en-us	The experimental data show that the tested radio is 9～23 dB more susceptible to out-of-band dual-frequency third-order intermodulation blocking than single-frequency electromagnetic radiation blocking.

zh-cn	实验过程中发现了一种既不能用双频非互调迭加机理解释、也不能用3阶交互调机理解释的双频电磁辐射敏感现象。
en-us	A sensitive phenomenon of dual-frequency electromagnetic radiation which can neither be explained by the dual-frequency non-intermodulation superposition mechanism nor by the third-order intermodulation mechanism has been found in the experiment.

zh-cn	针对基于椭圆球面波函数(PSWFs)的非正弦时域调制算法复杂度高的不足，该文引入空间映射，分析了PSWFs信号频域完备正交性，推导出PSWFs信号频域有效表示所需最小抽样点数。
en-us	In view of the problem of high complexity for non-sinusoidal time domain modulation algorithmsbased on Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWFs), spatial mapping is introduced to analyze the completeorthogonality and derive the minimum number of sampling points of PSWFs in the frequency domain.

zh-cn	在此基础上，引入复数域映射、FFT/IFFT信号处理框架，提出PSWFs频域调制解调方法。
en-us	On this basis, the complex domain mapping and FFT/IFFT signal processing framework are introduced, and thePSWFs frequency domain modulation and demodulation method are proposed.

zh-cn	该方法将PSWFs信号处理由时域拓展到频域，在频域进行信息加载与检测，为探索研究PSWFs信号在5G、超5G等采用频域信号处理的通信系统中的应用提供了可能。
en-us	The proposed method extendsPSWFs signal processing from time domain to frequency domain, providing a possibility for exploring andstudying the application of PSWFs signal to 5G, beyond 5G which use frequency domain signal processing.

zh-cn	理论和数值分析表明，相对于PSWFs时域调制，所提方法将能够在不改变系统频带利用率、系统误码性能、调制信号能量聚集性以及信号峰均功率比的前提下，显著降低算法复杂度，将运算复杂度由O(2Qg2)降低为O(g2+glog2g)。
en-us	Theory and numerical analysis show that, compared with the time domain modulation, the proposed method can reduces the complexity of the algorithm from O(2Qg2) to O(g2+glog2g) without changing the system spectral efficiency, system error performance, modulation signal energy aggregation, and peak-to-average power ratio.

zh-cn	椭圆曲线Diffie-Hellman密钥交换协议与其他公钥密码体制相比，能够以较小的密钥尺寸来达到相同的安全强度，因此在实际应用中对带宽和存储的要求较低，从而在很多计算资源受限的环境中有更多应用价值。
en-us	The elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol enjoys great advantages since it could achievethe same security level with significantly smaller size of parameters compared with other public keycryptosystems. In real-world scenarios, this type of protocol requires less bandwidth and storage which leads to more application especially to computing resource constrained environments.

zh-cn	该文从理论和应用角度，评估该类型协议共享密钥建立过程中的部分信息泄漏对安全性的威胁至关重要。
en-us	Hence, it is important to evaluate the threat aroused by the partial information leakage during the establishment of shared keys.

zh-cn	基于隐藏数问题和格分析技术，该文讨论了椭圆曲线Diffie-Hellman密钥交换协议的比特安全性，启发式地证明了椭圆曲线Diffie-Hellman共享密钥的x坐标的中间11/12 bit的计算困难性近似于恢复整个密钥。
en-us	In this paper,the bit security of elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman with knowledge of partial inner bits based on the combination of hidden number problem and lattice-based cryptanalysis technique is recisited. 11/12 of the inner bits of thex-coordinate of the elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman key are approximately as hard to compute as the entire key.

zh-cn	进一步地，给出了信息泄露量与泄漏位置的显式关系式。
en-us	Moreover, the explicit relationship between the leakage fraction and the leakage position is elaborated.

zh-cn	该文的研究结果放松了对泄露比特位置的限制，更加符合应用场景，显著改进了以往工作中得出的结论。
en-us	This result which relaxes the restriction on the location of leakage position dramatically improves the trivial one which stemmed from prior work.

zh-cn	针对区间型不确定数据的特点，该文提出一种改进的模糊C均值聚类算法(IU-IFCM)。
en-us	An Improved Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm (IU-IFCM) is proposed in this study in accordancewith the characteristics of Interval Uncertain data.

zh-cn	首先对区间型数据进行特征变换，由p维特征映射成由2p维特征组成的实数据，
en-us	First, the interval data is transformed into real datacomposed of 2p dimension feature, which is mapped from that of p dimension feature.

zh-cn	然后考虑区间中值与区间大小关系，设计一种样本距离计算方法，通过模糊C均值实现对区间型样本聚类。
en-us	Second, a method forcalculating sample distance, which realizes the interval sample clustering by fuzzy c-mean algorithm, is designedwhile considering the relationship between interval median value and interval size.

zh-cn	理论分析与对比实验表明，该算法的划分系数(PC)及正确等级(CR)值比其它方法平均提高10%以上，
en-us	Theoretical analysis andcomparison experiments show that the presented algorithm surpaes the compared algorithms by more than 10%on average in terms of the Partition Coefficient (PC) and Correct Rank(CR) value.

zh-cn	表明有更好的聚类精度，对当前大数据环境下不确定数据的分类提供了一种新的解决方案。
en-us	These results indicate that the algorithm presents in this study has better clustering accuracy and provides a new solution for the classification of uncertain data in current big data environments.

zh-cn	当前，应用软件面临的重要问题是不法分子通过软件剽窃、重打包等技术，将恶意负载或广告加载到合法应用软件中，并形成新软件进行发布，给用户和应用软件作者的合法权益带来威胁。
en-us	Currently, a main problem in software is repackaging or plagiarization, which means attackers canadd malicious payloads or advertisements into legitimate APPs through piggybacking, it greatly threatens theusers and original developers.

zh-cn	为了实现对应用软件剽窃、重打包等安全风险的测评，该文提出一种基于程序执行时间量化分析的软件水印方法(SW_PET)。
en-us	In this paper, a novel Software Watermarking method based on ProgramExecution Time (SW_PET) is proposed.

zh-cn	通过生成多种相互抵消功能的操作组，实现对水印信息的时间化编码，并植入应用软件中；
en-us	By generating a variety of effect-canceling operations, the watermarkinformation can be encoded into the form of program execution time, and can be embedded into Android APPs.

zh-cn	在检测过程中，需要提取相应的水印信息，对照之前的时间编码对应的原始水印，比较不同操作的执行时间，判断水印相似度，进而判别原始水印的存在性，完成应用软件合法性的判断。
en-us	In the detection process, the watermark information is extracted and compared with the original watermark tocheck whether the APP is repackaged.

zh-cn	该方法也可以与其它类型的水印信息相结合，增强水印的鲁棒性。
en-us	This method can be combined with other types of watermarks (e.g.,picture-based watermarks) in order to enhance the robustness.

zh-cn	最后，通过搭建仿真模拟器，实现对不同应用软件水印信息的比较和判断，验证该方法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the effectiveness of the proposedapproach is verified, and the overhead introduced by the watermark is measured, which is demonstrated to beminimal.

zh-cn	被动声呐信号处理中，致力于实现连续且稳定的目标方位跟踪。
en-us	In the passive tracking using acoustic arrays, continuous and stable tracking of targets is important.

zh-cn	在复杂的水下环境中，由于干扰和噪声的存在，以及阵列孔径的限制，方位检测结果中不可避免地存在很多轨迹中断、野值、干扰与目标间的方位交叉。
en-us	In complex underwater environments, there are inevitably many trajectory interruptions, outliers, interference and target azimuth crossings in the bearing detection results, due to interference, noise, and arrays aperture limitations.

zh-cn	该文提出了一种基于水下无人航行器的多目标被动跟踪算法，
en-us	In this paper, a multi-target passive tracking algorithm based on unmanned underwater vehicle is proposed.

zh-cn	使用基于航行器运动信息的粒子采样预测方法进行轨迹中断预测补齐，
en-us	The particle sampling prediction method based on the motion information of the vehicle is used toperform the interruption prediction.

zh-cn	使用基于航行器运动信息的观测门限设置方法自适应设置跟踪门限，
en-us	The observation threshold setting method based on the motion informationof the vehicle is used to adaptively set the tracking threshold.

zh-cn	使用块关联跟踪方法进行轨迹中断关联和方位交叉关联。
en-us	The block association tracking method is used forassociation of trajectory break and azimuth cross.

zh-cn	仿真和实验结果表明，该算法能够实现正确的多目标跟踪。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed algorithmachieves correct multi-target tracking.

zh-cn	为解决基于时空正则项的目标跟踪算法(STRCF)在目标短时遮挡时定位精度低和目标旋转时尺度估计不准确的问题，该文提出了一种目标响应自适应的通道可靠性跟踪算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problems of lower precision of target location in short-term occlusion andinaccurate of scale estimation of target in rotation by Spatial-Temporal Regularized Correlation Filters(STRCF), an object tracking algorithm with channel reliability and target response adaptation is proposed inthis paper.

zh-cn	该算法在目标模型训练时加入了目标响应正则项，通过在求解过程中更新理想目标响应函数，使得目标被短时遮挡后可重新跟踪目标；
en-us	In this algorithm, target response regularization is added to train target model. By updating the ideal target response function in the process of solving model, the target can be tracked again after being occluded for a short time.

zh-cn	加入通道可靠性评价各特征通道的可靠性，提高了模型对目标的表达能力；
en-us	The reliability of each feature channel is evaluated by coefficient of channelreliability, which can improves the model's expression of the target.

zh-cn	将目标图像转换至对数极坐标系下训练尺度滤波器，提高在目标旋转时的尺度估计精度。
en-us	Scale filters can be trained in log-polarcoordinates to improve the accuracy of scale estimation when target is rotating.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文所提算法较STRCF在平均中心位置误差中降低了28.54个像素，在平均重叠率中提高了22.8%，在OTB2015数据集下成功率曲线下面积较STRCF提高了1.5%。
en-us	The experimental results showthat the proposed algorithm reduces 28.54 pixels in the average center position error and improves the averageoverlap rate by 22.8% compared with STRCF.

zh-cn	随着智能卡技术的不断发展，智能卡芯片的安全性也面临越来越大的挑战。
en-us	With the continuous development of smart card technology, the security of smart card chip is facing more and more challenges.

zh-cn	在众多加密算法中，数据加密标准(DES)算法是一种应用较广的对称加解密算法。
en-us	Among many encryption algorithms, Data Encryption Standard(DES) algorithm is awidely used symmetric encryption and decryption algorithm.

zh-cn	为了抵御各种侧信道攻击，使用最为广泛的是在算法中通过掩码技术来消除真实密钥和功耗相关性，该文提出一种新的适用于DES的循环掩码方案，
en-us	In order to resist all kinds of side channel attacks,the most widely used method is to eliminate correlation of the real key and power consumption through themasking technology in the algorithm. A new cyclic mask scheme for DES is proposed.

zh-cn	和之前文献中的预计算掩码方案相比，不仅预计算量大大减少，而且整个DES运算过程的中间数据都是带有掩码的，把掩码拆分后，还可以防护高阶攻击。
en-us	Compared with the pre-calculated mask scheme in the previous literature, not only the pre-calculation amount is greatly reduced, butalso the intermediate data in the whole DES operation process is masked. After the mask is split, it can alsoprotect against high-order attacks.

zh-cn	针对人与人(H2H)和物到物(M2M)业务共存的异构无线网络，该文设计了一种根据业务特性的代理节点的网络选择策略，
en-us	Considering the problem of agents’ network selection for Human-to-Human(H2H) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) traffic in heterogeneous wireless networks, an agents’ network selection scheme based on the characteristic of traffic is designed.

zh-cn	用博弈论对以保障两类业务服务质量(QoS)需求和网络负载均衡为目标的代理节点网络选择问题进行建模，并分析了该博弈模型纳什均衡(NE)的存在性和可行性；
en-us	Game theory is adopted to solve the problem of network selection to satisfydifference in traffic’s Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. The existence and feasibility of the NashEquilibrium (NE) of the proposed game are also analyzed.

zh-cn	同时，提出了基于学习自动机的分布式网络-信道选择算法(DNCSALA)，求得该博弈的纳什均衡。
en-us	Then, a Distributed Network-Channe SelectionAlgorithm based on Learning Automata (DNCSALA) is presented to obtain the NE of the proposed game.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法能够获得与穷举搜索算法相近的性能，可满足共存场景中不同类型业务的QoS需求并提高网络资源利用率。
en-us	In simulations, the proposed algorithm can achieve a near optimal performance compared to the exhaustive search, satisfy the QoS requirements of different types of traffic, and improves the efficiency of network resources.

zh-cn	针对汽车雷达方位角分辨率受方位向天线长度限制的问题，该文提出一种基于多波束实孔径雷达图像融合来提升汽车雷达方位角分辨率的成像方法。
en-us	As the azimuth angular resolution is limited by the antenna length in automotive radars, a novelimaging approach for improving azimuth angular resolution of automotive radars is proposed based on multi-beam real-aperture radar images combination processing.

zh-cn	该方法首先利用相控阵天线波束电扫描来获取前视实孔径雷达图像，然后根据汽车雷达成像几何关系通过多张多角度实孔径雷达图像相参累加来提升雷达方位角分辨率。
en-us	Firstly, the antenna beam of the phased arrayantenna is electronically scanned to obtain forward-looking real-aperture radar images. Afterwards, multiplereal-aperture radar images are coherent accumulated according to the imaging geometry of automotive radar toimprove azimuth angular resolution.

zh-cn	计算机仿真结果验证了该方法在提升汽车雷达方位角分辨率的有效性。
en-us	Simulation results validate the proposed imaging approach to improve theazimuth angular resolution of automotive radar.

zh-cn	该文将Keccak的S盒一般化为n元Keccak类S盒，研究了Keccak类S盒的线性性质。
en-us	In this paper, the S-box of Keccak is generalized into n-variable Keccak-like S-box, and the linearproperties of n-variable Keccak-like S-box is studied.

zh-cn	证明了这类S盒的相关优势的取值都为0或，其中且，并且对于此范围内的任意k，都存在输入输出掩码使得相关优势取到；
en-us	It is proved that all the values of correlation advantages ofthis kind of S-box are 0 or , where  and , and for any k in this range, there is an input mask and an output mask that make the correlation advantage be .

zh-cn	证明了当输出掩码确定时，其非平凡相关优势都相等；
en-us	Furthermore, it is proved that when the output mask is fixed, the values of the nontrivial correlation advantages of the S-box are determined.

zh-cn	给出了非平凡相关优势为最大值时的充要条件与计数，解决了这类S盒的Walsh谱分布规律问题。
en-us	Then, the necessary and sufficient condition are given when the count for the nontrivial correlation advantage is the maximum value . Finally, the value distribution of the Walsh spectrum of Keccak-like S-box is presented.

zh-cn	集成电路(ICs)面临着硬件木马(HTs)造成的严峻威胁。
en-us	Integrated Circuits (ICs) are suffering severer threats caused by Hardware Trojans (HTs), some of which hide in routine operations by coercing firmware or hardware.

zh-cn	传统的旁路检测手段中黄金模型不易获得，且隐秘的木马可以利用固硬件联合操作将恶意行为隐藏在常规的芯片运行中，更难以检测。
en-us	Along with conventional side-channel detection not always getting golden-chip, HTs become more difficult to detect.

zh-cn	针对这种情况，该文提出利用机器学习支持向量机(SVM)算法从系统操作层次对旁路分析检测方法进行改进。
en-us	An improved Support VectorMachine (SVM) machine learning frameworks for this is proposed using system-level side-channel analysis.

zh-cn	使用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)验证的实验结果表明，存在黄金模型时，有监督SVM可得到86.8%的训练及测试综合的平均检测准确率，进一步采用分组和归一化去离群点方法可将检测率提升4%。
en-us	Cross validation experimental results on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) show that in the condition of golden-chip, supervised SVM achieves 85.8% test accuracy in average.After grouping, outlier-removing andnormalization, it rises by 4%.

zh-cn	若黄金模型无法获得，则可使用半监督SVM方法进行检测，平均检测率为52.9%～79.5%。
en-us	Even if golden-chip is out of hand, semi-supervised SVM has accuracy to judgeHTs existence, averaging in 52.9%-79.5% under different test modes.

zh-cn	与现有同类方法相比，验证了SVM算法在指令级木马检测中的有效性，明确了分类学习条件与检测性能的关系。
en-us	Comparing with existing researches, thiswork verifies the efficiency of SVM for HT detection in instruction level, and points out the relationshipbetween diversified learning conditions with detection performance.

zh-cn	北斗2号系统于2012年正式向亚太地区提供服务，其中GEO-3卫星已退役，由GEO-7卫星替代。
en-us	The BDS-2 (BeiDou-2 System) officially provided services to the Asia-Pacific region in 2012. TheGEO-3 satellite has been retired and replaced by the GEO-7 satellite.

zh-cn	研究卫星临退役期间的信号质量特性不仅能够分析北斗2号系统卫星载荷状态，而且为其它临退役星的信号特性估计提供重要的参考价值，同时对北斗3号系统GEO卫星载荷信号质量控制与优化具有重要的借鉴意义。
en-us	Studying the signal qualitycharacteristics of the satellite during the pro-retirement period can not only analyze the satellite payload statusof the BDS-2, but also provide important reference value for other signal characteristics of the pro-retirementsatellite. At the same time, it has important enlightenment and reference significance for the signal qualitycontrolling and optimizing of the GEO satellite load of the BDS-3.

zh-cn	该文利用昊平观测站40 m大口径天线的多源多手段数据，分析了GEO-3卫星B1民用信号的功率谱、地面接收功率、S曲线过零点偏差(SCB)的长期变化趋势，给出了相应的统计结果，提出了针对卫星载荷信号质量优化的相关建议,也对超期服役卫星的决策提供了参考。
en-us	Using the multi-method monitoring data ofthe 40 m large-diameter antenna of the Hao-ping Radio Observatory(HRO), the power spectrum, the groundreceiving power and S-Curve Bias (SCB) of the GEO-3 satellite B1 civil signal are analyzed. The long-termtrend of these characteristics is given, and the corresponding statistical results are given. Relevant suggestionsfor satellite payload signal quality optimization are proposed.

zh-cn	针对大容量多芯光纤空分复用弹性光网络(SDM-EON)中芯间串扰导致业务传输质量下降和阻塞率上升的问题，该文提出了节点稀疏配置频谱转换器降低芯间串扰的路由纤芯频谱分配方法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of inter-core crosstalk in Space Division Multiplexing Elastic OpticalNetwork (SDM-EON), which leads to the decline of service transmission quality and the increase of blockingprobability, a routing, fiber core and spectrum allocation method for reducing inter-core crosstalk throughsparse configuration spectrum converter at nodes is proposed in the paper.

zh-cn	该方法根据网络中节点中介中心性稀疏配置频谱转换器。
en-us	This method configures thespectrum converter according to the node’s centrality sparseness in SDM-EON.

zh-cn	在业务路由阶段，设计综合考虑光路负载和节点频谱转换能力的光路选择的权重方法；
en-us	During service routing, a weighting method for optical path selection considering both optical path load and node spectrum conversion capability is designed.to reduce crosstalk.

zh-cn	为了降低串扰，在纤芯频谱分配阶段，设计纤芯分组和频谱分区分配方法；
en-us	In the core spectrum allocation stage, a method of fiber core groupingand spectrum partition allocation is utilized.

zh-cn	最后，针对串扰较大的业务，采用频谱转换以降低业务串扰和改善带宽阻塞率。
en-us	Finally, spectrum conversion is used to reduce traffic crosstalk andimprove bandwidth blocking probability for services with high crosstalk.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法能有效地提高频谱利用率，降低因芯间串扰导致的带宽阻塞率。
en-us	The simulation results show that theproposed algorithm can effectively improve the spectrum utilization and reduce the bandwidth blockingprobability caused by fibers inter-core crosstalk.

zh-cn	大量研究表明，大规模MIMO系统中的小区边缘用户比中心用户更易遭受导频污染的影响。
en-us	Many researches demonstrate that cell-edge users are more susceptible to pilot contamination thanthe cell-center users in massive MIMO systems.

zh-cn	因此，该文提出一种联合用户分组和联盟博弈(JUG-AG)的动态导频分配方案来减轻系统导频污染。
en-us	Therefore, this paper proposes a dynamic pilot allocationscheme called Joint User Grouping and Alliance Game (JUG-AG) to mitigate pilot contamination.

zh-cn	根据用户信号强度将所有用户分为A，B两组，把接收基站信号强度弱的小区边缘用户记为A组，剩余用户则为B组。
en-us	Accordingto the user signal strength, the users are divided into two groups, namely A and B. Users with weak strength ofreceived Base Stations (BSs) signals are recorded as group A, and the remaining users are group B.

zh-cn	A组用户使用相互正交的导频，B组用户则借助联盟博弈来重复使用剩余的正交导频。
en-us	The users ofgroup A use mutually orthogonal pilots, and the users of group B reuse the remaining orthogonal pilots bymeans of alliance game.

zh-cn	在B组用户的联盟博弈中，用户被分成若干个互不相交的用户子联盟，属于不同子联盟的用户分配不同的相互正交导频序列，而属于同一子联盟中的用户使用相同的导频序列。
en-us	In the alliance game for the users of group B, users are divided into several disjointuser sub-alliances, users belonging to different sub-alliances are allocated different orthogonal pilot sequences,and users in the same sub-alliance reuse the same pilot sequence.

zh-cn	与已有的导频分配方案相比，该文提出的JUG-AG方案更灵活，可以用于所有用户随机分布的场景。
en-us	Compared with the existing pilot allocationschemes, the proposed JUG-AG scheme is more flexible and can be used for scenarios that all users arerandomly distributed.

zh-cn	而且，该算法通过循环搜索可以获得整体最优解。
en-us	Moreover, the algorithm can obtain the overall optimal solution through cyclic searching.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明JUG-AG方案能够有效降低上行链路中用户信号检测的平均均方根误差(RMSE)，而且可以提高用户的平均服务速率。
en-us	The simulation results demonstrate that the JUG-AG scheme can effectively reduce the average Root MeanSquare Error (RMSE) of user signal detection in the uplink and improve the average service rate of users.

zh-cn	针对云增强型光纤-无线(FiWi)网络能耗以及卸载的通信开销过大问题，该文提出一种自适应卸载压缩节能机制(ESAOC)，
en-us	In cloudlet enhanced Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) network, there is a problem that energy consumption andcommunication overhead of offloading are too large. An Energy Saving mechanism with Adaptive OffloadingCompression (ESAOC) is proposed.

zh-cn	针对不同类型的业务属性和最大的容忍时延，结合光网络单元的负载变化和无线网状网的流量情况，通过统计的方式获得不同优先级卸载数据的平均到达率，再结合各个节点的压缩时延，动态调整业务的卸载压缩比，以降低卸载的通信开销；
en-us	According to the different types of service attributes and the maximum tolerant delay, combined with the load changes of the optical network unit and the traffic of the wireless mesh network, the ratio of the offloading compression of service is dynamically adjusted to reduce the communication overhead of the offloading by the average arrival rate of the offloaded data of different priorities obtained by means of statistical methods and combined with the delay of compression of each node.

zh-cn	同时，建立排队模型分析卸载业务在MEC服务器的排队时延，协同调度无线侧中继节点，进而对光网络单元和终端设备进行协同休眠调度，最大化休眠时长，提高系统能源效率。
en-us	At the same time, aqueuing model is established to analyze the delay of the offloading service in the MEC server and cooperativelyschedule the relay node in wireless mesh network, thereby performing the schedule of collaborative sleeping onthe optical network units and the terminal devices to maximize the duration of sleeping and improving theenergy efficiency of system.

zh-cn	结果表明，所提方法在有效降低整个网络能耗的同时能够保证卸载业务的时延性能。
en-us	The results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively reduce the networkenergy consumption while ensuring the delay performance of offloading service.

zh-cn	针对多编队机动目标先后出现时的跟踪问题，该文提出了一种基于交互式多模型高斯混合概率假设密度滤波(IMM-GM-PHD)算法的无先验信息跟踪方法。
en-us	Considering the problem of multi-group maneuvering target tracking, a fast tracking method basedon Interactive Multiple Maneuvering Gaussian Mixture Probability Hypothesis Density (IMM-GM-PHD)algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，在IMM-GM-PHD算法预测过程完成的基础上，引入密度检测机制，利用相关域为所有预测高斯分量挑选有效量测，结合密度聚类(DBSCAN)算法检测是否出现新编队目标。
en-us	Firstly, based on the completion of the IMM-GM-PHD algorithm prediction process, thedensity detection mechanism is added, and the correlation domain is used to select effective measurement for allpredicted Gaussian components, and the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN) algorithm is combined to detect whether a new formation target appears.

zh-cn	其次，在IMM-GM-PHD算法状态更新完成的基础上，利用更新高斯分量的组成情况完成模型概率的更新。
en-us	Secondly, based on thecompletion of the state update of the IMM-GM-PHD algorithm, the update of the model probability iscompleted by updating the composition of the Gaussian component.

zh-cn	最后，在状态估计优化过程中，结合编队目标的特点，加入相似度判别技术，利用杰森-香农(JS)散度度量高斯分量间的相似度，剔除没有相似分量的高斯分量，进一步优化估计结果。
en-us	Finally, in the process of state estimationoptimization, combined with the characteristics of formation targets, the similarity discrimination technique isadded, and the Jensen-Shannon (JS) divergence is used to measure the similarity between Gaussiancomponents, and the Gaussian components without similar components are eliminated, and the estimationresults are further optimized.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文方法能够快速有效地跟踪非同时出现的多编队机动目标，具有较好的跟踪性能。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can track multi-groupmaneuvering targets quickly and effectively, and has better tracking performance.

zh-cn	为了有效地抑制干扰信号并进一步提高雷达系统的性能，该文提出一种基于2维相控阵-MIMO雷达的联合发射子阵划分和波束形成设计方法。
en-us	In order to suppress effectively the interference signal and improve further the performance of radarsystem, a joint transmitting subarray partition and beamforming design method based on two-dimensionalphased-MIMO radar is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先将MIMO雷达系统的发射阵列等分成一定数目的非重叠子阵并给每个天线分配相同的发射能量，以确保发射信号具有恒模特性；
en-us	Firstly, the transmitting array of MIMO radar system is equally partitionedinto a number of non-overlapping subarrays and the transmit power of each antenna is equal, so as toguarantee that the transmit signal has constant modulus characteristic.

zh-cn	其次，在一定的约束条件下，以最大化接收波束形成器的输出信干噪比为准则建立关于子阵结构、每个子阵对应的发射波束形成权矢量以及接收波束形成权矢量的优化模型，并采用循环迭代方法进行求解。
en-us	Then, the optimization model for subarray structure of transmitting array, transmit beam former weight vectors and receive beamformer weight vector is established by maximizing the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the receive beam former under certain constraint conditions.

zh-cn	仿真结果证实了所提方法的正确性和有效性。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of theproposed method.

zh-cn	宽带分布式相参雷达技术能够有效提升目标测量精度和识别性能，具有重要的研究价值。
en-us	Wideband distributed coherent radar technology can effectively improve the target measurementaccuracy and recognition performance, and has important research value.

zh-cn	针对现有雷达装备一般不具有同时对正负调频率宽带线性调频信号进行去斜处理的能力，即在接收相参合成阶段无法通过正负调频率宽带去斜方式获取宽带信号发射相参所需延时相位值的问题，
en-us	For the existing radar equipmentgenerally does not have the ability to stretch the positive and negative frequency modulation rate widebandLFM signal simultaneously, that is the problem that the delay phase value of wideband signal transmitcoherent can not be obtained by wideband stretch method in receive coherent synthesis phase.

zh-cn	该文利用单元雷达与目标之间存在延时差，将单元雷达发射的宽带线性调频信号等效为目标信号，对接收信号进行互相关处理获取发射相参合成所需的参数值，
en-us	This article usesthe delay difference between the unit radar and the target, equivalents the unit radar transmitting widebandLFM signal to the target signal, performs cross-correlation processing on the received signal to obtain the valueof transmit coherent parameter.

zh-cn	通过建模和仿真实现接收相参和发射相参合成处理，并对飞机目标进行1发2收相参探测试验，获得了理想的试验结果。
en-us	Through modeling and simulation receiving coherent and transmitting coherentsynthesis processing are realized, and the two input single output coherent detection test of the aircraft targetis carried out, and the ideal test results are obtained.

zh-cn	该方法具有估计精度高、运算量小和时实性好的优势，可应用于分布式相参雷达工程实现。
en-us	The method has the advantages of high estimationaccuracy, small calculation amount and good real-time performance, can be applied to distributed coherentradar engineering implementation.

zh-cn	优选节点实施恢复是控制相依网络级联失效的有效措施。
en-us	Optimal node recovery is an effective measure to control cascading failure of interdependentnetworks.

zh-cn	针对以往恢复模型未考虑节点负载的情况，该文首先分析了包含依赖失效和过载失效的级联失效过程，构建了负载作用下相依网络恢复模型。
en-us	In view of the fact that the previous recovery model does not consider the node load, this paperanalyzes first the cascading failure process including dependent failure and overload failure, and constructs therecovery model of interdependent network under load.

zh-cn	然后，基于共同边界节点的结构和动力学属性，提出一种基于容量和连接边的择优恢复(PRCCL)方法。
en-us	Then, considering the structure and dynamic propertiesof the mutual boundary nodes, a Preferential Recovery method based on Capacity and Connectivity Link(PRCCL) is proposed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在无标度相依网络中，PRCCL方法恢复效果明显好于基准方法，恢复时间更短，恢复后的网络具有更高的平均度和鲁棒性；
en-us	Experiment results show that in scale-free independent networks, the recovery effect ofPRCCL is better than benchmark methods, the recovery time is shorter, and the recovered networks havehigher average degree and robustness.

zh-cn	在Power网和Internet网构成的相依网络中，PRCCL方法恢复效果同样优于基准方法；
en-us	In the independent network composed of Power grid and Internetnetwork, the recovery effect of PRCCL method is also better than the benchmark methods.

zh-cn	PRCCL方法的优势与恢复比例、负载控制参数成正比，与容忍系数成反比。
en-us	The advantages ofPRCCL are proportional to the recovery ratio, load control parameters and inversely proportional to the tolerance coefficient.

zh-cn	实验结果验证了PRCCL方法的有效性，对于现实中相依网络恢复工作具有科学指导价值。
en-us	The experimental results verify the validity of the PRCCL method, which has scientificguidance value for the recovery of interdependent networks in reality.

zh-cn	低频天波的准确预测对于低电离层探测、远程导航授时具有重要意义。
en-us	Accurate prediction of low-frequency sky-wave has significance for the lower ionosphere detection andremote navigation timing.

zh-cn	该文基于传统“波跳”理论和FDTD方法对地-电离层波导中天波传播时延特性进行研究。
en-us	The characteristics of sky-wave propagation time delay in the Earth-ionospherewaveguide are studied in this paper based on the traditional wave-hop theory and FDTD method.

zh-cn	结合天地波时域分离技术，给出了100 kHz载频罗兰-C信号在均匀/指数渐变各向同性电离层条件下，距发射台200 km范围内采用两种方法计算的一跳天波时延随收发距离的变化规律。
en-us	Time delayvariations of 100 kHz one-hop sky waves are given under homogeneous/exponentially graded isotropicionosphere waveguide models. The great-circle distance between the transmitter and the receiver is within 200 km.Together with a sky- and ground-wave separation technique in the time domain, the narrow-band Loran-Csignals are employed in two methods.

zh-cn	与“波跳”理论相比，该方法可同时考虑地面不规则、电离层昼夜参数分布不均匀的影响，计算精度更高。
en-us	Compared to the results of wave-hop theory, the method in this paperhas higher calculation accuracy by considering the influence of irregular earth and inhomogeneous distributionof ionospheric day-night parameters at the same time.

zh-cn	针对现有的非对称分布式信源编码(DSC)方案均存在的在误比特率(BER)以及压缩率方面的不足，该文提出基于边信息改进的DSC(DSCUISI)方案。
en-us	Considering the shortcomings on the Bit Error Rate (BER) and the compression ratio of the existingasymmetric Distributed Source Coding (DSC) schemes, a scheme named Distributed Source Coding UsingImproved Side Information (DSCUISI) is proposed.

zh-cn	发送方对信源序列进行抽样，将序列分为抽样与未抽样子序列，利用算术编码器对未抽样子序列进行压缩，同时计算抽样子序列的伴随式。
en-us	At the sender, the source sequence is sampled and dividedinto a sampled and an un-sampled sub-sequences. The un-sampled sub-sequence is compressed by arithmeticcoder while the syndrome of the sampled sub-sequence is calculated.

zh-cn	接收方利用边信息序列与未抽样子序列之间的相关性，对抽样符号进行估计，估计出的序列与原始抽样子序列的相关性得到改进。
en-us	The receiver exploits the correlation between the side information and the un-sampled sub-sequence to estimate the sampled symbols, so that the correlation between the estimated sequence and the original sampled sub-sequence is improved.

zh-cn	最后利用原始抽样子序列的伴随式与估计出的序列进行联合译码以重建原始抽样子序列。
en-us	Finally, thesyndromes and the estimated sequence are used to recover the sampled sub-sequence.

zh-cn	实验结果表明：与基于低密度奇偶校验码和算术码的DSC方案相比，该文所提方案在信源内部相关性较强时具有压缩率高、在信源间相关度不高时则有重建错误率低的特点，是一种高效、实用且易于实现的DSC方案。
en-us	Experiment results showthat the DSCUISI can reach high compression ratio, when the correlation among neighboring symbols is strong.The BER of the reconstructed sequence can be kept low when the correlation between sources are weak. It is anefficient, practical DSC scheme and is easy to be implemented.

zh-cn	红外热成像系统在夜间实施目标识别与检测优势明显，而移动平台上动态环境所导致的运动散焦模糊影响上述成像系统的应用。
en-us	Infrared thermal imaging system has obvious advantages in target recognition and detection at night, and the motion defocus blur caused by dynamic environment on mobile platform affects the application of the above imaging system.

zh-cn	该文针对上述问题，基于生成对抗网络开展运动散焦后红外图像复原方法研究，采用生成对抗网络抑制红外图像的运动散焦模糊，提出一种针对红外图像的多尺度生成对抗网络(IMdeblurGAN)在高效抑制红外图像运动散焦模糊的同时保持红外图像细节对比度，提升移动平台上夜间目标的检测与识别能力。
en-us	In order to solve the above problems, based on the research of infrared image restoration method after motion defocusing using generating confrontation network, a Infrared thermal image Multi scaled eblur Generative Adversarial Network (IMdeblur GAN) is proposed to suppress motion defocusing blurring effectively while preserving the image by using generating confrontation network to suppress the motion defocusing blurring of infrared image to hold the contrast of infrared image details, to improve the detection and recognition ability of night targets on motion platform.

zh-cn	实验结果表明：该方法相对已有最优模糊图像复原方法，图像峰值信噪比(PSNR)提升5%，图像结构相似性(SSIMx)提升4%，目标识别YOLO置信度评分提升6%。
en-us	The experimental results show that compared withthe existing optimal restoration methods for blurred images, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the image isincreased by 5%, the Structure SIMilarity (SSIM) is increased by 4%, and the confidence score of YOLO fortarget recognition is increased by 6%.

zh-cn	黄河是我国华北地区重要的水资源，采用雷达遥感方式对其径流进行监测可以便捷地反映出黄河的旱涝变化趋势，具有重要的现实意义。
en-us	The Yellow River is an important water resource in China. Using radar remote sensing to monitor the runoff of the Yellow River can conveniently reflect the changing trend of drought and flood, which has important practical significance.

zh-cn	目前，雷达遥感径流反演常用雷达高度计(RA)获取水位信息用以构建水深-径流模型，这种方法忽略了河面变化对径流波动的影响，具有一定的局限性。
en-us	At present, Radar Altimeter (RA) commonly is used to construct a water depth-runoff model in runoff inversion. This method ignores the influence of river surface change on runoff fluctuation and has certain limitations.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于多源雷达遥感技术的径流计算模型(MRRS-RCM)，综合应用RA测高技术与合成孔径雷达(SAR)信息提取技术，以曼宁公式为基础，构建MRRS-RCM模型实现径流反演。
en-us	A Multi-source Radar Remote Sensing Runoff Calculation Model(MRRS-RCM) is proposed. In this study, RA technology and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology are used to construct MRRS-RCM model on the basis of the Manning’s equation to realize runoff inversion.

zh-cn	该文选取黄河下游3个研究站点进行径流反演实验，结果证明MRRS-RCM模型径流反演结果的相对均方根误差(RRMSE)达到13.969%，优于传统径流监测15%～20%的精度要求。
en-us	Threestations are selected for experiments in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The results show that the Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE) of MRRS-RCM runoff inversion reaches 13.969%, which is better than the accuracy requirement of traditional runoff monitoring of 15%～20%.

zh-cn	针对米波雷达低仰角目标的DOA估计问题，该文提出一种新的基于多帧相位特征增强方法，所提方法可以有效解决低仰角条件下阵列接收信号中直达信号相位特征模糊问题，进而提高DOA估计精度。
en-us	For the DOA estimation problem of low-elevation target of VHF radar, a new multi-frame phase feature enhancement based method is proposed, which solves effectively the phase feature ambiguity of direct signal, and thus improves the accuracy of DOA estimation.

zh-cn	通过学习多帧原始数据的相位分布特征与理想环境下直达波信号的相位分布特征之间的复杂映射关系，有效削弱多径信号引起的相位误差，将增强后的相位信息与原始的幅度信息进行数据重组，并利用已有的超分辨算法进行DOA估计。
en-us	By learning the complex mapping relationshipbetween the phase distribution of the multi-frame data and ideal phase distribution of the direct signal, thefuzzy phase information is enhanced and is used to reconstruct a new data matrix with original amplitudeinformation. The DOA is estimated by conventional methods using new data matrix, which effectively improvesthe DOA estimation accuracy of the low-elevation target.

zh-cn	通过计算机仿真实验和实测数据验证，该文所提方法在DOA估计性能以及泛化能力上优于基于物理驱动的MUSIC算法以及数据驱动的基于特征反演和基于支持向量回归的两种估计方法。
en-us	The effectiveness of proposed method is validated by computer simulation experiments and real data, and it shows higher accuracy compared with physics-driven methods including MUSIC method and state-of-the-art data-driven method including feature reversal and Support Vector Regression (SVR).

zh-cn	阵发性房颤(PAF)是一种具有偶发性的心律失常，其较高的漏检率导致心脏相关疾病的增加。
en-us	Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation (PAF) is a kind of accidental arrhythmia, and its high missed detection rate leads to the increase of heart-related diseases.

zh-cn	该文提出了一种基于核稀疏编码的自动检测方法，可以仅根据较短RR间期数据识别PAF发作。
en-us	An automatic detection method is proposed based on kernel sparse coding, which can identify PAF attacks based only on short RR interval data.

zh-cn	该方法采用特殊几何结构来分析数据高维特性，通过计算协方差矩阵作为特征描述子，找到蕴含在数据中的黎曼流形结构；
en-us	A specialgeometric structure is presented to analyze the high-dimensional characteristics of the data, and the covariancematrix is calculated as a feature descriptor to find the Riemannian manifold structure contained in the data;

zh-cn	然后基于Log-Euclid框架，利用核方法将流形空间映射到高维可再生核希尔伯特空间，以获取更准确的稀疏表示来快速识别PAF。
en-us	Based on the Log-Euclidean framework, a manifold method is used to map the manifold space to a high-dimensional renewable kernel Hilbert space to obtain a more accurate sparse representation to identify quickly PAF.

zh-cn	经麻省理工学院-贝斯以色列医院房颤数据库验证，获得98.71%的敏感性、98.43%的特异度和98.57%的总准确率。
en-us	After verification by the Massa-chusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital atrial fibrillation database, the sensitivity is 98.71%, the specificity is 98.43%, and the total accuracy rate is 98.57%.

zh-cn	因此，该研究对检测短暂发作的PAF有实质性的改善，在临床监测和治疗方面显示出良好的潜力。
en-us	Therefore,this study has a substantial improvement in the detection of transient PAF and shows good potential forclinical monitoring and treatment.

zh-cn	参数估计对雷达的目标检测和识别有着重要的意义。
en-us	Parameter estimation is very important for radar to detect and recognize targets.

zh-cn	该文提出了一种基于期望最大化(EM)算法的捷变频联合正交频分复用(FA-OFDM)雷达高速多目标参数估计方法。
en-us	In this paper, a high speed multi-target parameter estimation method for Frequency Agility-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(FA-OFDM) radar based on Expectation Maximization(EM) algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，将窄带正交频分复用(OFDM)信号与传统捷变频雷达相结合，在每个脉冲宽度内同时发射多个载频随机跳变的子载波。
en-us	Firstly, apromising idea is to combine narrowband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals andfrequency agility, multiple subcarriers that frequency hopping randomly are simultaneously transmitted withineach pulse width.

zh-cn	然后，对单个脉冲内所有子载波的回波进行脉冲压缩和稀疏重构处理，得到1维高分辨距离。
en-us	Then, all echoes of a single pulse are compressed and sparsely reconstructed to achieve 1-demension high range resolution.

zh-cn	进一步地，将多个目标在不同脉冲时刻的高分辨距离信息构成观测数据，建立混合高斯模型。
en-us	Subsequently, the high resolution range of multiple targets at each pulse timeare obtained to constitute the observation data, and Gauss mixture model is established.

zh-cn	采用EM算法对模型参数和多个目标的距离、速度进行估计，并同时拟合多条时间-距离直线。
en-us	EM algorithm isapplied to estimate the parameters of the model and the range and velocity of multiple targets.

zh-cn	直线斜率对应目标速度，直线纵轴截距对应目标初始距离。
en-us	Also, multipletime-range lines are fitted at the same time, and the slope of the line corresponds to the velocity of the target,as well as, the vertical intercept of the line corresponds to the initial range of the target, separately.

zh-cn	最终，分别分析了信噪比(SNR)对检测概率以及目标速度对相对估计误差的影响。
en-us	Finally, the influence of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) on detection probability and the target velocity on relative error of estimation are analyzed, respectively.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了所提算法的有效性。
en-us	Simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposal.

zh-cn	生存性虚拟光网络映射是提高光网络应对灾难故障的重要技术保障措施。
en-us	Survivable virtual optical network mapping is an important technology to improve the opticalnetwork response to disaster failures.

zh-cn	为解决灾难性多区域故障导致弹性光网络的带宽容量损失问题，该文提出基于灾难预测故障模型的蚁群优化虚拟光网络映射 (DFM-ACO-VNM)算法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of bandwidth capacity loss caused by multi-area faults resulted from disasters in Elastic Optical Networks (EONs), a multi-area disaster fault model ofsurvivable virtual network based on risk assessment is established, and a Disaster Fault Model based AntColony Optimization for Virtual Network Mapping (DFM-ACO-VNM) algorithm is proposed in the paper.

zh-cn	在该算法中，设计基于光节点资源和相邻链路的全局潜在故障概率的光节点排序映射准则，并设计启发式信息公式实现多区域故障下最小带宽容量损失的虚拟节点和虚拟链路协同映射。
en-us	Anoptical node ranking mapping criterion based on node resources and global potential failure probability ofadjacent links in EONs is designed. Then, a heuristic information formula is designed to realize cooperativemapping of virtual nodes and virtual links with minimum bandwidth capacity loss under multi-area faults.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文所提算法在多区域故障时能降低带宽容量损失，减少带宽阻塞率和提高频谱利用率。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can decrease the bandwidth capacity loss, reduce the bandwidth blocking probability and improve the spectrum utilization in multi-area faults.

zh-cn	噪声是影响聚类结果的最重要的因素之一，现有的模糊聚类算法主要通过对隶属度约束进行松弛的方式来降低噪声样本的影响。
en-us	Noise is one of the most important influences for clustering. Existing fuzzy clustering methods try toreduce the impact of noise by relaxing the constraint condition of membership.

zh-cn	这种方式仍然存在两个基本问题需要解决：第一，如何评估一个样本是噪声的可能性；
en-us	But there are still two basicproblems to be solved. The first is how to evaluate the probability that a sample point is a noise.

zh-cn	第二，如何在抑制噪声样本影响力的同时，保留正常样本的作用力。
en-us	The second is how to retain the effect of normal points while suppressing the impact of noise.

zh-cn	针对这两问题，该文提出了基于自适应松弛的鲁棒模糊C均值聚类算法(AR-RFCM)。
en-us	To solve these two problems,Robust Fuzzy C-Means based on Adaptive Relaxation (AR-RFCM) is proposed.

zh-cn	新模型基于K最近邻的方式(KNN)来估计样本的可靠性，自适应地调整松弛参数，从而实现在降低噪声样本影响力的同时，保留可靠样本的作用力。
en-us	The new model estimates thereliability of sample points by the method of the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). It adjusts adaptively therelaxation parameters to reduce the impact of noise, and keeps the effect of reliable sample points at the sametime.

zh-cn	此外，AR-RFCM利用了C均值聚类模型中隶属度的稀疏性来提高可靠样本的作用力，从而提高数据簇的内聚程度，进而降低噪声样本的影响。
en-us	In addition, AR-RFCM utilizes the sparsity of membership in K-means to improve the effect of reliable sample points. Therefore, the compactness of clusters is improved and the impact of noise is suppressed.

zh-cn	实验表明，AR-RFCM不仅在处理噪声样本时具有良好的鲁棒性，同时在25个UCI 数据集实验中，分类正确率(兰德指数)平均高于FCM算法7.7864%。
en-us	Experiments demonstrate that AR-RFCM has a good robustness for noise, and also achieves higher rand index in all 25 UCI data sets, even averagely higher than FCM 7.7864%.

zh-cn	在加密邮件系统中，公钥可搜索加密技术可以有效地解决在不解密的情况下搜索加密邮件的问题。
en-us	In encrypted email system, the public key searchable encryption technology can effectively solve theproblem of searching for encrypted emails without decryption.

zh-cn	针对公钥可搜索加密复杂的密钥管理问题，该文在加密邮件系统中引入了基于身份的密码体制。
en-us	In view of the complex key management problemof public key searchable encryption, an identity-based cryptosystem is introduced in the encrypted mail system.

zh-cn	针对可搜索加密的离线关键字猜测攻击问题，该文采用了在加密关键字和生成陷门的同时进行认证，并且指定服务器去搜索加密电子邮件的方法。
en-us	For the offline keyword guessing attack problem of searchable encryption, the method of encrypting keywordsand generating trapdoors are adopted at the same time, and the server is designated to search for encryptedemails.

zh-cn	同时，在随机预言机模型下，基于判定性双线性Diffie-Hellman假设，证明方案满足陷门和密文不可区分性安全。
en-us	At the same time, under the random oracle model, based on the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption, the scheme is proved to satisfy the trapdoor and ciphertext indistinguishable security.

zh-cn	数值实验结果表明，在陷门生成和关键字密文检测阶段，该方案与现有方案相比在计算效率上较高。
en-us	The numerical experiments show that the scheme has higher computational efficiency than the existing schemes in the keyword trapdoor generation and keyword ciphertext test phase.

zh-cn	电磁涡旋因携带轨道角动量而具有高维可调制自由度，被引入无线通信中以提升频谱效率和抗干扰能力。
en-us	Electromagnetic vortices are introduced into wireless communication to improve spectral efficiencyand anti-interference capability.

zh-cn	该文首先介绍了轨道角动量和电磁涡旋的基本原理与特性；
en-us	In this paper, the basic principle and characteristics of Orbital AngularMomentum (OAM) and electromagnetic eddy are introduced firstly.

zh-cn	然后比较了电磁涡旋的产生方法，给出了超表面产生轨道角动量的工作原理，综述了基于超表面的轨道角动量产生方法和研究现状；
en-us	The principle of generating Orbital Angular Momentum from supersurface is given, and the methods and research status of generating orbital angular momentum based on supersurface are summarized.

zh-cn	总结了轨道角动量的传输性能、接收与检测方法、复用与解复用性能；
en-us	The transmission performance, receiving anddetecting method, multiplexing and demultiplexing performance of orbital angular momentum are summarized.

zh-cn	最后讨论了未来在应用无线通信轨道角动量时需要解决的关键问题。
en-us	Finally, the key problems to be solved in the future application of wireless communication orbital angularmomentum are discussed.

zh-cn	声学导航技术被广泛应用于水下机动平台的自主导航。
en-us	Acoustic navigation technology is widely used for autonomous navigation of underwater mobileplatforms.

zh-cn	常用的声学导航模型多为圆交汇模型，该模型结构简单，计算方便，但未考虑平台运动影响，是一种静止模型。
en-us	The commonly used acoustic navigation models are mostly circle intersection models. The model issimple in structure and convenient in calculation, but it does not consider the influence of platform motion. It is a static model.

zh-cn	平台运动条件下，平台接收各水下声信标(水下星站节点)的时间及所处空间位置不同，即时间和空间存在差异性，会产生模型失配，影响导航精度。
en-us	Under the condition of platform motion, the time when the platform receives each underwateracoustic beacon (underwater star station node) and the spatial position of the platform are different, that is,there is a difference in time and space, which will cause model mismatch and affect navigation accuracy.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，该文推导了由平台运动造成的模型失配误差公式，定量分析了运动对导航精度的影响以及误差的空间分布规律，着重研究了航速、航向角等航行参数对导航精度的影响规律，并进行了仿真验证。
en-us	Aiming at the above problems, this paper deduces the formula of model mismatch error caused by platform motion, quantitatively analyzes the influence of motion on navigation accuracy and the spatial distribution oferror, and focuses on the influence of navigation speed and heading angle on navigation accuracy.

zh-cn	研究结果表明：仅考虑平台运动的影响时，声学导航圆交汇模型的失配误差存在，且与平台在阵内的空间位置有关，其导航精度空间特性呈近似的同心椭圆分布；
en-us	Thesimulation verification is carried out. The results show that the mismatch error of the acoustic navigation circleintersection model exists only when considering the influence of the platform motion, and it is related to thespatial position of the platform in the array.

zh-cn	模型失配误差还与平台航行参数有关，模型失配误差对速度变化敏感，随着航行速度增大，呈近似线性趋势增大，影响严重；
en-us	The error space characteristics are approximate concentric ellipticdistribution; the model mismatch error is related to the navigation parameters of the platform. The modelmismatch error is sensitive to the speed change. As the navigation speed increases, the approximate linear trendincreases and the impact is serious.

zh-cn	航向角对全局精度变化范围影响小，主要影响模型失配误差的空间分布，体现为一种随航向角“旋转”的特性，且椭圆横轴方向与平台运动方向趋于一致。
en-us	The heading angle has little influence on the global precision variationrange, which mainly affects the space of the model mismatch error. The distribution is embodied as a kind of“rotation” with the heading angle, and the direction of the ellipse is aligned with the direction of motion of theplatform.

zh-cn	为了解决多任务观测条件下时域流信号动态重构面临的块效应问题，该文基于重叠正交变换(LOT)和稀疏贝叶斯学习的贪婪重构框架先后提出了一种流信号多任务稀疏贝叶斯学习算法及其鲁棒增强型的改进算法，
en-us	To eliminate the blocking effects in the dynamic recovery of the streaming signals observed frommultiple tasks in time domain, a streaming multi-task sparse Bayesian learning based algorithm and its robustenhanced version are proposed in this paper,

zh-cn	前者将LOT时域滑窗推广到多任务条件下，通过贝叶斯概率建模将未知的噪声精度的估计任务从信号重构中解耦并省略，后者进一步引入了重构不确定性的度量，提高了算法的鲁棒性和抑制误差积累的能力。
en-us	where the former extends Lapped Orthogonal Transform (LOT)sliding window in time domain to multi-task condition, and decouples the estimation of unknown noiseaccuracy from signal reconstruction by Bayesian probability modeling and omits it, the latter further introducesthe measurement of reconstructed uncertainty, which improves the robustness of the algorithm and the abilityto suppress the accumulation of errors.

zh-cn	基于浮标实测数据的实验结果表明，相比多任务重构领域代表性较强的时间多稀疏贝叶斯学习(TMSBL)和多任务压缩感知(MT-CS)算法，本文算法在不同信噪比、观测数目和任务数目条件下具有显著更高的重构精度、成功率和效率。
en-us	Experimental results based on measured meteorological data shows thatthe proposed algorithms have significantly higher reconstruction accuracy, success rate and running speed thanthe representative algorithms in the field of compressed sensing from multiple measurement vectors, namely,the Temporal Multiple Sparse Bayesian Learning (TMSBL) algorithm and the Multi-Task-Compressed Sensing(MT-CS) algorithm, under different conditions of Signal-to-Noise Ratios, number of observations and tasks.

zh-cn	相参雷达系统下的非相干积累检测方法，可以提高雷达的目标检测速度，达到实时处理的要求。
en-us	The non-coherent integration detectors for coherent radar systems can promote the detection rate ofthe radar and meet the required real-time processing.

zh-cn	然而，相参雷达系统下的非相干积累检测方法对参考单元数、脉冲积累数、杂波散斑协方差矩阵以及海杂波模型的形状参数均是非恒虚警(CFAR)的。
en-us	However, these detectors are not Constant False AlarmRate (CFAR) with respect to the reference cell number, the accumulated pulse number, the clutter specklecovariance matrix, and the shape parameter of the sea clutter model.

zh-cn	该文基于块白化的海杂波预白化方法，提出预白化单元平均恒虚警(PWCA-CFAR)检测方法和预白化单元中值恒虚警(PWCM-CFAR)检测方法，并使用了匹配于参考单元数、脉冲积累数、形状参数的自适应门限，确保提出检测方法的恒虚警特性。
en-us	Based on block-whitening method towhiten the sea clutter, a Pre-Whitening Cell-Averaging CFAR (PWCA-CFAR) detector and a Pre-WhiteningCell-Median CFAR (PWCM-CFAR) detector are proposed where the detection thresholds matching thereference cell number, accumulated pulse number and shape parameter are used.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，当存在异常单元时，PWCM-CFAR检测方法的检测性能优于PWCA-CFAR检测方法。
en-us	The experiment results showthat the PWCM-CFAR detector attains better detection performance than the PWCA-CFAR detector whenthere exist abnormal cells.

zh-cn	针对现有相似实体搜索方法缺乏对于观测序列长度的自适应性，且搜索过程数据存储开销过大，搜索结果准确性较低的问题，该文提出相似度自适应估计的物联网实体高效搜索方法(SAEES)。
en-us	The existing similar entity search method has poor adaptability to the length of the observedsequence, and the data storage overhead in the search process is too large, and the accuracy of the search resultis insufficient. To this end, an efficient search method is proposed for the IoT Entity Search with SimilarityAdaptive Estimation (SAEES).

zh-cn	首先，设计了轻量级观测序列分段表示方法，对传感器采集的实体原始观测序列进行轻量级分段压缩表示，以降低实体观测序列的存储开销。
en-us	Firstly, in order to reduce the storage overhead of the entity observation sequence, a lightweight method of segmentation representation of the observation sequence is designed to perform a lightweight segmentation compression representation of the original observation sequence of the entity collected by the sensor.

zh-cn	然后，提出了观测序列相似度自适应估计方法，实现对不同观测序列长度的实体相似性的准确估计。
en-us	Then, in order to achieve an accurate estimation of the similarity of entities withdifferent observation sequence lengths, an adaptive estimation method for observation sequence similarity isproposed.

zh-cn	最后，设计了高效的相似实体搜索匹配方法，依据所估计的实体相似度进行实体的准确搜索匹配。
en-us	Finally, by exploiting the designed efficient similar entity search matching method, the exact searchmatching of the entity is completed according to the estimated entity similarity.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法可大幅提高相似实体搜索的效率。
en-us	The simulation results showthat the proposed method can greatly improve the efficiency of similar entity search.

zh-cn	针对夜视晕光场景中，高亮度晕光信息导致现有红外与可见光融合图像评价方法失效的问题，该文提出一种自适应分区的融合图像质量评价方法。
en-us	To solve the failure of existing evaluation methods of infrared and visible fusion image caused by highbrightness halation information in night vision halation scene, a novel fusion image quality evaluation methodbased on adaptive partition is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法根据可见光图像的晕光程度自动确定自适应系数，并通过迭代计算可见光灰度图像的晕光临界灰度值，将融合图像自动分为多个晕光区和非晕光区；
en-us	In this method, the adaptive coefficient is automatically determinedaccording to the halation degree of visible image, and then, the fusion image is divided into halo regions andnon-halo region by iterative calculation of the critical halation gray value.

zh-cn	在晕光区由设计的晕光消除度指标评价融合图像的晕光消除效果；在非晕光区从融合图像自身特性、对原始图像信息保留程度以及人眼视觉效果3方面评价融合图像纹理色彩等细节信息的增强效果；
en-us	In the halo region, the effectivenessof halation elimination is evaluated by halation elimination index designed, while in the non-halo region, theenhancement effect of detailed information such as texture and color is evaluated from three aspects including:characteristics of fusion image itself, retention degree of original image information and human visual effect.

zh-cn	通过对4种不同抗晕光算法的融合图像进行评价分析，甄选出9种客观评价指标构成夜视抗晕光融合图像质量评价体系。
en-us	Based on evaluation and analysis of fusion images obtained by 4 different anti-halation algorithms, nineobjective indexes are selected to construct a quality evaluation system of night vision anti-halation fused image.

zh-cn	不同夜视晕光场景下的实验结果表明，所提方法能够全面、合理地评价红外与可见光融合的抗晕光图像质量，解决了融合图像晕光消除越彻底客观评价结果反而越差的问题，也适于评判不同抗晕光融合算法的优劣。
en-us	Experimental results in different night vision halation scenes show that the proposed method could evaluate anti-halation image quality of infrared and visible fusion comprehensively and reasonably, and could solve the problem that the more thorough halation elimination of fusion image, the worse objective evaluation results.This method could also be suitable for evaluating merits and demerits of different anti-halation fusion algorithms.

zh-cn	该文基于Whitened Swap−or−Not(WSN)的结构特点，分析了Canteaut 等人提出的Bent whItened SwapOr Not –like (BISON-like) 算法的最大期望差分概率值(MEDP)及其(使用平衡函数时)抵御线性密码分析的能力；
en-us	Based on the characteristics of Whitened Swap−or−Not (WSN) construction, the maximum expecteddifferential probability (MEDP) of Bent whItened Swap Or Not -like (BISON-like) algorithm proposed byCanteaut et al. is analyzed in this paper. In particular, the ability of BISON-like algorithm with balancednonlinear components against linear cryptanalysis is also investigated.

zh-cn	针对BISON算法迭代轮数异常高(一般为3n轮，n为数据分组长度)且密钥信息的异或操作由不平衡Bent函数决定的情况，该文采用了一类较小绝对值指标、高非线性度、较高代数次数的平衡布尔函数替换BISON算法中的Bent函数，
en-us	Notice that the number of iterationrounds of BISON algorithm is rather high (It needs usually to iterate 3n rounds, n is the block length of data)and Bent function (unbalanced) is directly used to XOR with the secret key bits. In order to overcome theseshortcomings, a kind of balanced Boolean functions that has small absolute value indicator, high nonlinearityand high algebraic degree is selected to replace the Bent functions used in BISON algorithm.

zh-cn	评估了新变体BISON算法抵御差分密码分析和线性密码分析的能力。
en-us	Moreover, the abilities of this new variant BISON algorithm against both the differential cryptanalysis and the linear cryptanalysis are estimated.

zh-cn	研究结果表明：新的变体BISON算法仅需迭代n轮；
en-us	It is shown that the new variant BISON algorithm only needs to iterate n-roundfunction operations;

zh-cn	当n较大时(如n=128或256)，其抵御差分攻击和线性攻击的能力均接近理想值。
en-us	If n is relative large (e.g. n=128 or n=256), Its abilities against both the differential cryptanalysis and the linear cryptanalysis almost achieve ideal value.

zh-cn	且其密钥信息的异或操作由平衡函数来决定，故具有更好的算法局部平衡性。
en-us	Furthermore, due to the balanced function is directly XORed with the secret key bits of the variant algorithm, it attains a better local balance indeed.

zh-cn	在运动目标的无源定位场景下，闭式算法在低噪声情况下可以到达克拉美罗下界(CRLB)，但是这些算法往往不能适应较大的测量噪声环境。
en-us	In the passive location of moving target, the closed-form solution can reach Cramér-Rao LowerBound (CRLB) under the low noise level, but these algorithms often can not adapt to the large measurementnoise condition.

zh-cn	针对目前闭式算法适应大噪声能力较差这一问题，该文联合到达时间差(TDOA)以及到达频率差(FDOA)，提出一种基于半定松弛(SDR)技术的无源定位算法。
en-us	For this problem, this paper proposes a passive positioning algorithm based on the Semi-Definite Relaxation (SDR) using Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) and Frequency Difference Of Arrival(FDOA).

zh-cn	该算法首先构建传统闭式解的伪线性方程，
en-us	Firstly, this method constructs the pseudo-linear equation of the typical closed-form solution.

zh-cn	其次利用随机鲁棒最小二乘(SRLS)的思想以及目标参数与额外变量之间的非线性关系，将无源定位问题转化为了具有2次等式约束的最小二乘问题；
en-us	Secondly, the idea of Stochastic Robust Least Squares (SRLS) and the nonlinear relationship between thetarget parameters and the additional variables are used to transform the localization problem into the leastsquares problem with quadratic equality.

zh-cn	随后，将半定松弛技术应用到这一问题上，约束最小二乘问题松弛为半定规划(SDP)问题，最后，借助优化工具箱可以有效地对目标参数进行求解。
en-us	Using Semi-Definite Programming (SDP) technique, constrained leastsquares problem is then converted into the SDP problem, which is finally solved by the optimization toolbox.

zh-cn	该文所提出的算法不需要初始值先验条件，仿真实验表明了所提算法的有效性。
en-us	The proposed method does not require an initial priori information and simulations show the effectiveness ofthe proposed method.

zh-cn	针对传统医学超声图像去斑方法的不足，该文提出一种自适应多曝光融合框架和前馈卷积神经网络模型图像去斑方法。
en-us	Considering the shortage of traditional medical ultrasound image despeckle methods, an adaptive multi-exposure fusion framework and feedforward convolutional neural network model image despeckle method is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，制作超声图像训练数据集；
en-us	Firstly, an ultrasound image training data set is produced.

zh-cn	然后，提出一种自适应增强因子的多曝光融合框架，增强图像进行有效特征提取；
en-us	Then, a multi-exposure fusionframework with adaptive enhancement factors is proposed to enhance the image for effective featureextraction.

zh-cn	最后，通过网络训练去斑模型并获得去斑后的图像。实验结果表明，该文较已有的方法，能更有效地滤除医学超声图像中的斑点噪声并更多的保留图像细节。
en-us	Finally, a speckle model is trained through the network and a speckle image is obtained.Experimental results show that, compared with the existing methods, this paper can more effectively removespeckle noise in medical ultrasound images and retain more image details.

zh-cn	极限学习机(ELM)作为一种新型神经网络，具有极快的训练速度和良好的泛化性能。
en-us	As a new type of neural network, Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) has extremely fast trainingspeed and good generalization performance.

zh-cn	针对极限学习机在处理高维数据时计算复杂度高，内存需求巨大的问题，该文提出一种批次继承极限学习机(B-ELM)算法。
en-us	Considering the problem that the Extreme Learning Machine hashigh computational complexity and huge memory demand when dealing with high dimensional data, a Batchinheritance Extreme Learning Machine (B-ELM) algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	首先将数据集均分为不同批次，采用自动编码器网络对各批次数据进行降维处理；
en-us	Firstly, the dataset is divided intodifferent batches, and the automatic encoder network is used to reduce the dimension of each batch.

zh-cn	其次引入继承因子，建立相邻批次之间的关系，同时结合正则化框架构建拉格朗日优化函数，实现批次极限学习机数学建模；
en-us	Secondly,the inheritance factor is introduced to establish the relationship between adjacent batches. At the same time, the Lagrange optimization function is constructed by combining the regularization framework to realize the mathematical modeling of batch ELM.

zh-cn	最后利用MNIST, NORB和CIFAR-10数据集进行测试实验。
en-us	Finally, the MNIST, NORB and CIFAR-10 datasets are used for the test experiment.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法具有较高的分类精度，并且有效降低了计算复杂度和内存消耗。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only has higher classificationaccuracy, but also reduces effectively computational complexity and memory consumption.

zh-cn	利用调频广播附加信道作为载波进行时间信息的传递为调频广播授时奠定了基础，
en-us	Use of FM radio of additional information channel as a carrier lays a solid foundation for time passfor FM radio.

zh-cn	该文基于对调频广播附加信道的研究，提出新的授时扩频码设计方法并详细设计了扩频码内容，既符合信道条件要求，又有利于接收端的精确捕获跟踪，从而进行时间信息的传递并实现授时功能，
en-us	Based on the research of FM radio additional channels, a new design method of time-sharingspread spectrum code is proposed and the content of spread spectrum code is designed in detail. It not onlyconforms to the requirements of the channel conditions, but also is helpful for accurate tracking capture at thereceiving end, and for the time information transmission and timing functions.

zh-cn	实测结果验证了该方法的可行性和准确性。
en-us	The measured results show thefeasibility and accuracy of the method.

zh-cn	应用于激光雷达(LiDAR)测量系统的单芯片全集成信号处理电路系统的设计与实现，对于有效提高激光雷达整机测量精度、数据率，缩短测量时间，减小测量设备体积和功耗具有重要的意义。
en-us	The monolithic signal processing circuit system for Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR)measurement has significant practical values in terms of improving LiDAR measurement accuracy and datarate, shortening measurement time, and reducing equipment size and power consumption.

zh-cn	考虑到目前对于信号处理电路系统的研究中较少考虑芯片在实际使用环境中的接口问题，基于光电探测器、裸芯片、封装、传输线及测试板等诸多接口影响因素，运用协同仿真分析的方法，在电路系统的实际工作频段内，建立了一种精确的、能反映激光雷达信号处理电路系统放大电路芯片真实应用环境的接口一体化仿真模型，并通过S参数仿真对其进行验证。
en-us	As the environmentinterface problem is less considered, the appropriate input interface model must be established to break throughthe technology difficulty to associate circuit system with photodetectors, die chip, package, transmission line，test board and so on in the operating frequency range. By the combination of theoretical analysis and model simulation, the real working environment of circuit systemfor LiDAR signal processing can be simulated reasonably.

zh-cn	同时基于CMOS工艺，将设计得到的放大电路系统进行流片，在芯片输入端承载不同光电探测器寄生负载的情况下，对芯片性能进行测试，仿真结果与测试结果吻合较好，验证了该接口模型建立的可行性。
en-us	Furthermore, based on CMOS technology, the signal processing circuit chip is tested with differentphotodetector parasitic capacitances. The well agreements between simulation and the testing results validatethe feasibility of the input interface model.

zh-cn	无损数据压缩系统在通信传输过程中容易出现错误，会导致码表和重构数据出错并引发误码扩散，影响其在文件系统和无线通信中的应用。
en-us	Lossless data compression system is prone to bit error and causes error spread during communicationtransmission, which affects its application to file system and wireless communication.

zh-cn	针对在通用编码领域广泛使用的无损数据压缩算法LZW，该文分析并利用LZW压缩数据的冗余，通过选取部分编码码字并动态调整其对应的被压缩符号串的长度来携带校验码，提出了具有误码纠正能力的无损数据压缩方法CLZW。
en-us	For the lossless data compression algorithm Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW), which is widely used in the field of general coding, analyzes and utilizes the redundancy of LZW compressed data, carries the check code by selecting part of the codeword and dynamically adjusting the length of its corresponding compressed string. A lossless data compressionmethod Carrier-LZW(CLZW) with error correction capability is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法不用额外添加数据，也不改变数据规格和编码规则，与标准LZW算法兼容。
en-us	This method does not needadditional data, does not change the data specification and coding rules, and is compatible with the standardLZW algorithm.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，用该方法压缩的文件仍然能用标准LZW解码器解压，且该方法可以对LZW压缩数据的误码进行有效纠正。
en-us	The experimental results show that the file compressed by this method can still bedecompressed by the standard LZW decoder. In the range of error correction capability, the method caneffectively correct the error of LZW compressed data.

zh-cn	由于车载应用的普及和车辆数量的增加，路边基础设施的物理资源有限，当大量车辆接入车联网时能耗与时延同时增加，通过整合内容分发网络(CDN)和移动边缘计算(MEC)的框架可以降低时延与能耗。
en-us	Due to the popularity of vehicle applications and the increase of the number of vehicles, the physicalresources of roadside infrastructure are limited. When a large number of vehicles are connected to the vehiclenetworks, the energy consumption and latency are simultaneously increased. The framework for integrating theContent Delivery Network (CDN) and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) can reduce the latency and energyconsumption.

zh-cn	在车联网中，车辆移动性对云服务的连续性提出了重大挑战。
en-us	In vehicle network, vehicle mobility poses a major challenge to the continuity of cloud services.

zh-cn	因此，该文提出了移动性管理(MM)来处理该问题。
en-us	Therefore, Mobility Management (MM) is proposed to deal with this problem.

zh-cn	采用开销选择的动态信道分配(ODCA)算法避免乒乓效应且减少车辆在小区间的切换时间。
en-us	The Dynamic ChannelAllocation algorithm with Overhead selection (ODCA) is used to avoid the ping-pong effect and reduces the handover time of vehicles between cells.

zh-cn	采用基于路边单元(RSU)调度的合作博弈算法进行虚拟机迁移并开发基于学习的价格控制机制，以有效地处理MEC的计算资源。
en-us	The cooperative game algorithm based on RoadSide Unit (RSU) isused for virtual machine migration and a learning-based price control mechanism is developed to process vehicular computation resources efficiently.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法相比于现有的算法能够提高资源利用率且减少开销。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve resource utilization and reduce overhead compared with the existing algorithms.

zh-cn	针对云平台上共享数据的完整性验证问题，该文提出一种多方参与高效撤销组成员的共享数据审计方案(SDRM)。
en-us	In the view of the integrity verification problem of data sharing on the cloud platform, a Shared Data auditing scheme for efficient Revocation of group Members via multi-participation (SDRM) is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，通过Shamir秘密共享方法，使多个组成员共同参与撤销非法组成员，保证了组成员间的权限平等。
en-us	First,through the Shamir secret sharing method, multiple group members participate in revoking the illegal groupmembers, ensuring the equal rights between the group members.

zh-cn	然后，结合代数签名技术，用文件标识符标识数据拥有者的上传数据记录和普通组成员的访问记录，使数据拥有者能够高效更新其所有数据。
en-us	Second, this scheme combines with algebraicsignature technology, the file identifier identifies the data owner’s upload data record and the normal groupmember’s access record, enabling the data owner to update efficiently all of its data.

zh-cn	最后对方案的正确性、安全性和有效性进行理论分析和实验验证，结果表明，该文方案的计算复杂度与被撤销组成员签名的文件块数之间相互独立，达到了高效撤销组成员的目的。
en-us	Finally, theoreticalanalysis and experimental verification of the correctness, safety and effectiveness of the scheme show that thescheme meets the requirement of efficient cancellation of group members.

zh-cn	并且，随数据拥有者数量增加，该方案更新数据效率较NPP明显提升。
en-us	At the same time, as the number ofdata owners increases, the efficiency of updating data in this scheme is significantly higher than that of NPP.

zh-cn	针对风云三号卫星微波湿温度计，该文建立了全功率式微波辐射计系统的仿真模型，重点对热辐射噪声源、混频器、低噪放、滤波器与检波器等关键性器件进行了参数化建模。
en-us	A simulation model of total power microwave radiometer is developed for the microwave humidityand temperature sounder onboard the FY-3 satellite. The key components such as mixer, low noise amplifier, local oscillator, filter and detector are parametrically modeled.

zh-cn	从信号处理的角度对全功率式微波辐射计的工作过程进行了模拟，并对仿真系统的输出功率、灵敏度和线性度进行评估与分析。
en-us	The model is studied from the aspect of signal processing, and dynamic range, sensitivity and linearity of the simulation system are evaluated and analyzed.

zh-cn	通过与实际仪器的测试结果对比，验证了所提仿真模型的正确性。
en-us	The correctness of the simulation model is verified by comparing them with the test results of the actualsystem.

zh-cn	对运动目标进行SAR成像时，参数估计是必不可少的。
en-us	Parameter estimation is essential for SAR imaging of moving targets.

zh-cn	现有算法主要针对运动目标的径向速度和方位向速度进行估计，而对3维运动目标的法向速度无法估计。
en-us	The existing algorithms mainlyestimate the radial velocity and azimuth velocity of the moving target, but the normal velocity of the three-dimensional moving target can not be estimated.

zh-cn	该文利用L型基线的机载多通道SAR系统，提出一种方位向速度和法向速度的联合估计算法。
en-us	In this paper, a joint estimation algorithm of azimuth velocityand normal velocity is proposed by using an airborne multi-channel SAR system with L-shaped baseline.

zh-cn	该算法在距离-多普勒域提取运动目标信号，并利用多幅SAR图像之间的相位差进行方位向速度和法向速度的联合估计。
en-us	The algorithm extracts the moving target signal in Range-Doppler domain, and estimates the azimuth and normal velocity jointly using the phase differences between multiple SAR images.

zh-cn	该算法不依赖图像配准，不需要解多普勒模糊，因此具有较高的估计精度和鲁棒性，有较强的实际意义和应用价值。
en-us	The algorithm does not rely on imageregistration, does not need to solve Doppler ambiguity. Therefore, the algorithm has high estimation accuracyand robustness, and has strong practical significance and application value.

zh-cn	现代建筑设计趋于多样化，内部结构和功能越来越复杂，而传统疏散系统逃生指示方向固定、人员疏散时间较长，火灾发生时，不能够及时改变指示方向，易将逃生人员导向危险区域，威胁被困人员生命安全。
en-us	With an increasing diversity in modern architectural design, the inner structure of buildings is muchmore complex than before, which makes the traditional fire emergency escape indication system fail to providepeople with real-time instructions because of its inflexibility of changing direction. These failures always lead people to dangerous areas during a fire emergency, which is actual a threaten to people in buildings.

zh-cn	该文提出了一种Dijkstra-ACO混合路径动态规划算法，在Dijkstra算法获得全局最优路径的基础上再采用蚁群优化(ACO)算法对每个节点进一步优化以获取最优路径，并节省算法运行时间。
en-us	A combined algorithm to find a path dynamically during a fire emergency based on Dijkstra and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is presented in this article. This new algorithm shortens the programming time by getting a globally optimal path based on Dijkstra algorithm and operates every single point with ACO algorithm in sequence to get a best path.

zh-cn	通过实验仿真验证了混合算法的有效性，能够根据起火点动态规划疏散路径，及时调整疏散指示方向，为火场中人员疏散逃生赢得宝贵时间。
en-us	The combined algorithm is tested by a simulation, in which it isproved effective in adjusting evacuation path depending on the point of ignition. The changeable real-timeindication will extend the escaping time with people in a burning building, which is quite precious for savinglives.

zh-cn	节点位置保护对于海洋无线传感器网络(MWSNs)至关重要，尤其是对于无人值守的环境。
en-us	Source node location protection is critical to the Marine Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs),especially for unattended environment.

zh-cn	然而，由于大多数静态部署，传感器的能量、存储和通信能力的限制，MWSNs容易受到各种位置(和衍生)攻击的影响。
en-us	However, due to most of the static deployment and the limitations inenergy, storage and communication capabilities of the sensors, MWSNs are vulnerable to various location (andderivative) attacks.

zh-cn	该文从攻击和防御两个方面研究节点位置隐私保护问题。
en-us	In this work, the node location privacy protection issues are studied from both aspects of attacks and defenses.

zh-cn	首先，针对两种重要节点(包括基站和源节点)提出了一种新的二相定位攻击，它可以在少量的本地无线传输监视中找到基站节点，反向跟踪源节点的位置。
en-us	First, a new two-phase location attack is proposed for two important types of nodes(including base station and source node). It can locate a base station node within few amounts of local wirelesstransmission monitoring, and then reversely traces the location of the source node.

zh-cn	与现有方法不同，提出的攻击根据传输方向确定节点位置，从而突破现有的防御。
en-us	Different from existing methods, the proposed attack determines the node location based on the transmission direction, which can break through existing defenses.

zh-cn	然后，为了抵御这种攻击，该文设计了一种基于Hilbert填充曲线的传感器网络路由节点位置隐私保护方法(HLPS)。
en-us	Then, to defend against such attack, a Hilbert-filling-curve-based Location-privacy Protection Scheme (HLPS) is designed for MWSNs.

zh-cn	攻防理论分析与对抗实验表明，该方法能够保护目标节点的位置隐私，具有较小的通信和计算开销。
en-us	The theory analysis and confrontation experimentof attack and defense show that the proposed scheme owns capable of protecting the location privacy of thetarget node with moderate communication and computation overhead.

zh-cn	为了满足无线数据流量大幅增长的需求，异构云无线接入网(H-CRAN)的资源优化仍然是亟待解决的重要问题。
en-us	In order to meet the demand of the substantial increase of wireless data traffic, the resourceoptimization of the Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Network (H-CRAN) is still an important problem thatneeds to be solved urgently.

zh-cn	该文在H-CRAN下行链路场景下，提出一种基于深度强化学习(DRL)的无线资源分配算法。
en-us	In this paper, under the H-CRAN downlink scenario, a wireless resource allocationalgorithm based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，该算法以队列稳定为约束，联合优化拥塞控制、用户关联、子载波分配和功率分配，并建立网络总吞吐量最大化的随机优化模型。
en-us	Firstly, a stochastic optimization modelfor maximizing the total network throughput is established to jointly optimize the congestion control, the userassociation, subcarrier allocation and the power allocation under the constraint of queue stability.

zh-cn	其次，考虑到调度问题的复杂性，DRL算法利用神经网络作为非线性近似函数，高效地解决维度灾问题。
en-us	Secondly, considering the complexity of scheduling problem, the DRL algorithm uses neural network as nonlinear approximate function to solve the dimensional disaster problem efficiently.

zh-cn	最后，针对无线网络环境的复杂性和动态多变性，引入迁移学习(TL)算法，利用TL的小样本学习特性，使得DRL算法在少量样本的情况下也能获得最优的资源分配策略。
en-us	Finally, considering the complexity and dynamic variability of the wireless network environment, the Transfer Learning(TL) algorithm is introduced to make use of the small sample learning characteristics of TL so that the DRL algorithm can obtain the optimal resource allocation strategy in the case of insufficient samples.

zh-cn	此外，TL通过迁移DRL模型的权重参数，进一步地加快了DRL算法的收敛速度。
en-us	In addition, TL furtheraccelerates the convergence rate of DRL algorithm by transferring the weight parameters of DRL model.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文所提算法可以有效地增加网络吞吐量，提高网络的稳定性。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively increase network throughput and improve network stability.

zh-cn	物联网(IoT)的发展引起流数据在数据量和数据类型两方面不断增长。由于实时处理场景的不断增加和基于经验知识的配置策略存在缺陷，流处理检查点配置策略面临着巨大的挑战，如费事费力，易导致系统异常等。
en-us	Since real-time processing scenarios for ever-increasing amount and type of streaming data caused by the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) keep increasing, and strategies based on empirical knowledge for checkpoint configuration are deficiencies, the strategy faces huge challenges, such as time-consuming, labor-intensive, causing system anomalies, etc.

zh-cn	为解决这些挑战，该文提出基于回归算法的检查点性能预测方法。
en-us	To address these challenges, regression algorithm-based prediction isproposed for checkpoint performance.

zh-cn	该方法首先分析了影响检查点性能的6种特征，然后将训练集的特征向量输入到随机森林回归算法中进行训练，最后，使用训练好的算法对测试数据集进行预测。
en-us	Firstly, six kinds of features, which have a huge influence on theperformance, are analyzed, and then feature vectors of the training set are input into the regression algorithmsfor training, finally, test sets are used for the checkpoint performance prediction.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与其它机器学习算法相比，随机森林回归算法在CPU密集型基准测试，内存密集型基准测试和网络密集型基准测试上针对检查点性能的预测具有误差低，准确率高和运行高效的优点。
en-us	Compared with other machinelearning algorithms, the experimental results illustrat that the Random Forest (RF) has lower errors, higheraccuracy and faster execution on CPU intensive benchmark, memory intensive benchmark and networkintensive benchmark.

zh-cn	遮挡是行人检测任务中导致漏检发生的主要原因之一，对检测器性能造成了不利影响。
en-us	Pedestrian detector performance is damaged because occlusion often leads to missed detection.

zh-cn	为了增强检测器对于遮挡行人目标的检测能力，该文提出一种基于特征引导注意机制的单级行人检测方法。
en-us	In order to improve the detector's ability to detect pedestrian, a single-stage detector based on feature-guided attention mechanism is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，设计一种特征引导注意模块，在保持特征通道间的关联性的同时保留了特征图的空间信息，引导模型关注遮挡目标可视区域；
en-us	Firstly, a feature attention module is designed, which preserves theassociation between the feature channels while retaining spatial information, and guides the model to focus onvisible region.

zh-cn	然后，通过注意模块融合浅层和深层特征，从而提取到行人的高层语义特征；
en-us	Secondly, the attention module is used to fuse shallow and deep features, then high-levelsemantic features of pedestrians are extracted.

zh-cn	最后，将行人检测作为一种高层语义特征检测问题，通过激活图的形式预测得到行人位置和尺度，并生成最终的预测边界框，避免了基于先验框的预测方式所带来的额外参数设置。
en-us	Finally, pedestrian detection is treated as a high-level semanticfeature detection problem. Pedestrian location and scale are obtained through heat map prediction, then thefinal prediction bounding box is generated.

zh-cn	所提方法在CityPersons数据集上进行了测试，并在Caltech数据集上进行了跨数据集实验。
en-us	This way, the proposed method avoids the extra parameter settings of the traditional anchor-based method.

zh-cn	结果表明该方法对于遮挡目标检测准确度优于其他对比算法。
en-us	Experiments show that the proposed method is superior to other comparison algorithms for the accuracy of occlusion target detection on CityPersons and Caltech pedestriandatabase.

zh-cn	同时该方法实现了较快的检测速度，取得了检测准确度和速度的平衡。
en-us	At the same time, the proposed method achieves a faster detection speed and a better balance between detection accuracy and speed.

zh-cn	Hilbert曲线是高维降到1维的重要方法，具有较好的空间聚集和空间连续性，在地理信息系统、空间数据库、信息检索等方面有广泛的应用。
en-us	Hilbert curve is an important method for high-dimensional reduction to one-dimensional. It has goodcharacteristics of spatial aggregation and spatial continuity and is widely used in geographic informationsystem, spatial databases and information retrieval.

zh-cn	现有Hilbert编码或解码算法未考虑输入数据对编码或解码效率的影响，因此将不同输入数据同等对待。
en-us	Existing Hilbert encoding or decoding algorithms do notconsider the differences between input data, thus treating them equally.

zh-cn	为此，该文通过设计高效的状态视图并结合快速置位检测算法提出高效的免计前0的Hilbert编码算法(FZF-HE)和免计前0的Hilbert解码算法(FZF-HD)，可快速识别输入数据前部为0而无需迭代计算的部分，从而降低迭代查询次数及算法复杂度，提高编解码效率。
en-us	To this end, an efficient Hilbert codingalgorithm Front-Zero-Free Hilbert Encoding(FZF-HE) and an efficient decoding algorithm Front-Zero-FreeHilbert Decoding(FZF-HD) are proposed. FZF-HE and FZF-HD can quickly identify the 0 s of the front part ofinput data before iterative calculation by combining efficient state views and first bit-1 detection algorithm,thus reducing the number of iterations and the complexity of the algorithm, and improving the encoding anddecoding efficiency.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，FZF-HE算法和FZF-HD算法在数据均匀分布时效率稍高于现有算法，而在数据偏斜分布时效率远高于现有算法。
en-us	The experimental results show that efficiencies of these two algorithms are slightly higherthan existing algorithms for uniform distributed data, and are much higher than existing algorithms for skewdistributed data.

zh-cn	针对传统网络切片映射方法资源利用率低且可靠性差的问题，该文提出了可靠性感知的网络切片(NS)重构及映射策略(RNSRE)。
en-us	Considering the problems of low resource utilization and poor reliability of traditional network slice embedding, a Reliability-aware Network Slice (NS) Reconfiguration and Embedding (RNSRE) strategy is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，建立了面向可靠性和资源的网络切片可靠映射效用函数。
en-us	Firstly, a utility function of reliable embedding oriented reliability and available resources isestablished.

zh-cn	其次，综合考虑虚拟网络功能(VNF)的资源需求和位置约束，提出了一种VNF可靠性需求的度量方法。
en-us	Then, considering the resource requirements and the location constraints of Virtual NetworkFunction (VNF), a method is proposed to quantify the reliability requirement of VNF.

zh-cn	在此基础上，以最大化VNF可靠部署收益的同时最小化链路带宽资源开销为目标，建立了切片可靠映射整数线性规划模型。
en-us	Based on the above works, the reliable network slice embedding problem is formulated as an integer linear programming which maximizes the profits of reliable VNF deployment while minimizing the consumption of link bandwidth resource.

zh-cn	最后，针对不同的网络切片类型，提出了基于邻域搜索的网络切片映射算法和关键VNF备份的网络切片重构映射算法。
en-us	Finally, according to different types of network slices, a network slice reliable embedding algorithm based on neighborhood search and a network slice reconfiguration embedding algorithm based on key VNF backup are proposed.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法在满足VNF可靠性需求的同时，提高了资源利用率，降低了映射的开销。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms improve the resources utilizationand reduce the embedding cost while meeting the reliability of VNF.

zh-cn	基于代换–置换网络结构的轻量级分组密码算法PUFFIN在资源受限的硬件环境中使用较广泛，差分故障攻击是针对硬件密码算法较为有效的攻击手段。
en-us	The lightweight block cipher algorithm PUFFIN based on substitution-permutation networkstructure is widely used in resource-constrained hardware environments. Differential fault attack is a moreeffective attack method for hardware cryptographic algorithms.

zh-cn	该文针对PUFFIN算法，改进多比特故障模型，通过构建输出差分和可能输入值之间的关系，注入5次故障即可确定单个S盒唯一输入值；
en-us	The multi-bit fault model for PUFFINalgorithm is improved. By constructing the relationship between the output difference and the possible inputvalues, the single input value of a single S-box can be determined by injecting 5 faults.

zh-cn	在最后一轮加密过程中注入10次故障，成功恢复轮密钥的概率为78.64%，进而可恢复初始密钥。
en-us	The probability ofsuccessfully recovering the round key is 78.64%, and the initial key can be recovered.

zh-cn	在虚拟化网络切片场景中，底层物理网络中一个物理节点(PN)或一条物理链路(PL)的异常会造成多个网络切片的性能退化。
en-us	In virtualized network slicing scenario, one anomaly Physical Node (PN) or Physical Link (PL) insubstrate networks will cause performance degradation of multiple network slices.

zh-cn	因网络中每个时刻都会产生新的测量数据，该文设计了两种在线异常检测算法实时监督物理网络的工作状态。
en-us	For new measurements areachieved in each period, two online anomaly detection algorithms to monitor the working states of substratenetworks in real time are designed.

zh-cn	首先，该文提出了一种基于在线一类支持向量机(OCSVM)的PN异常检测算法，该算法可根据每个时刻虚拟节点(VNs)的新测量数据进行模型参数的更新而不需要任何标签数据；
en-us	An online One-Class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM) algorithm is first proposed in this paper to detect the working states of PNs. Without requiring any labeled data, the modelparameters of OCSVM can be updated based on the new measurements of Virtual Nodes (VNs) in eachiteration.

zh-cn	其次，基于虚拟链路两端点间测量数据的自然相关性，该文提出基于在线典型相关分析(CCA)的PL异常检测算法，该算法只需要少量标签数据就可以准确分析出PL的异常情况。
en-us	Then, an online Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) based PL anomaly detection algorithm is proposed according to the natural correlation of measurements between neighboring VNs of virtual links. With a small amount of labeled data, the algorithm can accurately analyze the working states of PLs.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了该文所提在线异常检测算法的有效性和鲁棒性。
en-us	The simulation results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed online anomaly detection algorithms for the virtualized network slicing.

zh-cn	为进一步提高聚合位向量(ABV)算法分类数据包的速度，该文提出一种面向连接的改进ABV(IABV)算法。
en-us	In order to increase the classification speed of Aggregated Bit Vector (ABV) algorithm, an Improved Aggregated Bit Vector (IABV) algorithm is proposed, which is connection-oriented.

zh-cn	该算法利用同一连接包分类查找规则相对一致的特点，建立哈希表-规则库两级优化查找结构，
en-us	Based on the characteristicthat the packets which belong to the same connection have similar classification results, IABV establishes aHash table-rule set two-level searching structure.

zh-cn	首先通过哈希表查找包分类规则，若未命中继续从规则库中查找。
en-us	It first searches in the Hash table to check the packetclassification rule and then finds the matching rule in the rule set when the Hash table lookup fails.

zh-cn	利用连接时效性特点设计哈希表冲突处理机制，根据表项最近命中时间判断是否进行覆写更新，避免规则累积导致查找时间增加；
en-us	To avoid the accumulation of rules in the table, a collision handling mechanism is proposed. It judges whether to overwrite the Hash table entry which is collision according to the last hit time of the entry;

zh-cn	其次对ABV算法各维度进行等分处理，为各等分区间建立数组索引，从而快速缩小向量查找范围，加快查找规则库速度；
en-us	Secondly, for thepurpose of accelerate rule set searching, IABV divides each dimension into multiple intervals equally andemploys array to index these intervals;

zh-cn	最后，将规则中前缀转化为范围降低辅助查找结构复杂度，以减少内存空间占用量并加快规则查找速度。
en-us	Finally, the prefix in the rule is converted into range to reduce the complexity of the search structure, so that the time and memory consumption of the algorithm can be decreased.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，将规则中前缀转化为范围后能够有效提升算法性能，相同条件下IABV算法相比ABV算法时间性能有显著提高。
en-us	The experiment result shows that the performance of the algorithm can be improved by convertingprefix into range and the time performance of IABV algorithm is significantly improved compared with theABV algorithm under the same conditions.

zh-cn	针对面向混合能源供应的 5G 异构云无线接入网(H-CRANs)网络架构下的动态资源分配和能源管理问题，该文提出一种基于深度强化学习的动态网络资源分配及能源管理算法。
en-us	Considering the dynamic resource allocation and energy management problem in the 5G Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks(H-CRANs) architecture for hybrid energy supply, a dynamic network resource allocation and energy management algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，由于可再生能源到达的波动性及用户数据业务到达的随机性，同时考虑到系统的稳定性、能源的可持续性以及用户的服务质量(QoS)需求，将H-CRANs网络下的资源分配以及能源管理问题建立为一个以最大化服务提供商平均净收益为目标的受限无穷时间马尔科夫决策过程(CMDP)。
en-us	Firstly, due to the volatility of renewable energy and the randomness of user data service arrival,taking into account the stability of the system, the sustainability of energy and the Quality of Service(QoS)requirements of users, the resource allocation and energy management issues in the H-CRANs network as aConstrained infinite time Markov Decision Process (CMDP) are modeled with the goal of maximizing theaverage net profit of service providers.

zh-cn	然后，使用拉格朗日乘子法将所提CMDP问题转换为一个非受限的马尔科夫决策过程(MDP)问题。
en-us	Then, the Lagrange multiplier method is used to transform the proposedCMDP problem into an unconstrained Markov Decision Process (MDP) problem.

zh-cn	最后，因为行为空间与状态空间都是连续值集合，因此该文利用深度强化学习解决上述MDP问题。
en-us	Finally, because the action space and the state space are both continuous value sets, the deep reinforcement learning is used to solve the above MDP problem.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文所提算法可有效保证用户QoS及能量可持续性的同时，提升了服务提供商的平均净收益，降低了能耗。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively guarantee theQoS and energy sustainability of the system, while improving the average net income of the service providerand reducing energy consumption.

zh-cn	针对异构云无线接入网络(H-CRAN)网络下基于网络切片的在线无线资源动态优化问题，该文通过综合考虑业务接入控制、拥塞控制、资源分配和复用，建立一个以最大化网络平均和吞吐量为目标，受限于基站(BS)发射功率、系统稳定性、不同切片的服务质量(QoS)需求和资源分配等约束的随机优化模型，
en-us	For online dynamic radio resources optimization for network slices in Heterogeneous Cloud Raido AccessNetwork (H-CRAN), by comprehensively considering traffic admission control, congestion control, resourceallocation and reuse, the problem is formulated as a stochastic optimization programming which maximizesnetwork average total throughput subject to Base Station (BS) transmit power, system stability, Quality of Service(QoS) requirements of different slices and resource allocation constraints.

zh-cn	并进而提出了一种联合拥塞控制和资源分配的网络切片动态资源调度算法。该算法会在每个资源调度时隙内动态地为性能需求各异的网络切片中的用户分配资源。
en-us	Then, a joint congestion control and resource allocation dynamic scheduling algorithm is proposed which will dynamically allocate resources to users in network slices with distinct performance requirements within each resource scheduling time slot.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该文算法能在满足各切片用户QoS需求和维持网络稳定的基础上，提升网络整体吞吐量，并且还可通过调整控制参量的取值实现时延和吞吐量间的动态平衡。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the network overall throughput while satisfying the QoSrequirement of each slice user and maintaining network stability. Besides, it could also flexibly strike a dynamicbalance between delay and throughput by simply tuning an introduced control parameter.

zh-cn	可搜索加密技术的提出使用户能够将数据加密后存储在云端，而且可以直接对密文数据进行检索。
en-us	The searchable encryption technology enables users to encrypt data and store it in the cloud, and candirectly retrieve ciphertext data.

zh-cn	但现有的大部分可搜索加密方案都是单用户对单用户的模式，部分多用户环境下的可搜索加密方案是基于传统公钥密码或基于身份公钥密码系统，
en-us	Most existing searchable encryption schemes are single-to-single mode, and the searchable encryption scheme in some multi-user environments is based on public key cryptography or identity-based public key cryptosystem.

zh-cn	因此这类方案存在证书管理和密钥托管问题，且容易遭受内部关键词猜测攻击。
en-us	Such schemes have certificate management and key escrow issues and schemeare vulnerable to suffer internal keyword guessing attacks.

zh-cn	该文结合公钥认证加密和代理重加密技术，提出一个高效的多用户环境下无证书认证可搜索加密方案。
en-us	Public key authentication encryption and proxy re-encryption technology are combined, and an efficient certificateless authentication searchable encryption schemeis proposed for multi-user environment.

zh-cn	方案使用代理重加密技术对部分密文进行重加密处理，使得授权用户可以利用关键字生成陷门查询对应密文。
en-us	The scheme uses proxy re-encryption technology to re-encrypt portionof ciphertexts, so that authorized users can generate trapdoor with the keywords to query ciphertext.

zh-cn	在随机预言模型下，证明方案具有抵抗无证书公钥密码环境下两类攻击者的内部关键词猜测攻击的能力，且该方案的计算和通信效率优于同类方案。
en-us	In the random oracle model, the scheme is proved that it has the ability to resist the internal keyword guessing of two type attackers in the certificateless public key cryptosystem, and the calculation and communication efficiency of the scheme is better than the similar scheme.

zh-cn	针对米波(VHF)雷达的复杂多径信号中散射分量的非高斯性严重影响测高的稳定性，该文提出了稳健的空域符号变换最大似然测高算法。
en-us	A robust spatial sign transform-based maximum likelihood method for low-elevation target altitudemeasurement is proposed in the presence of the non-Gaussian diffuse multipath component for Very HighFrequency (VHF) radar.

zh-cn	该算法先对多维阵列快拍矢量进行空域符号变换处理，以抑制散射分量野值点对阵列协方差矩阵及其测高算法的影响，再计算符号协方差矩阵(SCM)，
en-us	The spatial sign transform is implemented to the antenna array snapshots, reducing the influence of the outliers on array covariance matrix and the low elevation estimation algorithms, followed by computing the spatial Sign Covariance Matrix(SCM).

zh-cn	然后根据符号协方差矩阵的映射等效性和特征空间不变性，将符号协方差矩阵应用到最大似然(SCM-ML)测高算法中，实现了稳健的米波雷达低角测高。
en-us	Then the application of SCM to the MaximumLikelihood method(SCM-ML) is presented on the basis of the affine equivalence and preservation of theeigen structure for robust low elevation estimation and height finding of VHF radar.

zh-cn	该算法有效抑制了多径信号中散射分量和波束打地形成的强杂波的非高斯性，提高了米波雷达低角测高的稳健性。
en-us	The proposed method effectively solves the non-Gaussian property of the diffuse multipath component and improves the robustness of low elevation estimation.

zh-cn	仿真结果和实测数据验证了算法的稳健性与有效性。
en-us	Simulation result and real data demonstrate the robustness and validation of theSCM-ML method.

zh-cn	为了更快速且精确地诊断出大规模多处理器系统中的故障单元，该文首次将改进的烟花算法和反向传播(BP)神经网络相结合，提出一种新的系统级故障诊断算法—烟花-反向传播神经网络故障诊断算法(FWA-BPFD)。
en-us	In order to diagnose fault units in the large-scale multiprocessor systems more quickly and accurately,a system-level fault diagnosis algorithm—FireWorks Algorithm-Back Propagation Fault Diagnosis (FWA-BPFD) based on fireworks algorithm and Back Propagation(BP) neural network is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，在烟花算法中引入双种群策略、协作算子以及最优算子，设计新的适应度函数，优化变异算子、映射规则和选择策略。
en-us	Firstly, two population strategy, cooperative operator and optimal operator are introduced into fireworks algorithm. A new fitness function is designed, and the mutation operator, mapping rule and selection strategy are optimized.

zh-cn	然后，利用烟花算法全局搜索能力和局部搜索能力的自调节机制，优化BP神经网络中的权值和阈值的寻优过程。
en-us	Then, the optimization process of weight and threshold value in BP neural network is optimized by the self-regulating mechanism of global and local searching ability of fireworks algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，该文算法相较于其他算法不仅有效地降低了迭代次数和训练时间，而且还进一步提高了诊断精度。
en-us	Simulation results show that compared with other algorithms, this algorithm not only reduces the number of iterations and training time, but also improves the accuracy of diagnosis.

zh-cn	类属属性学习避免相同属性预测全部标记，是一种提取各标记独有属性进行分类的一种框架，在多标记学习中得到广泛的应用。
en-us	The label-specific features learning avoids the same features prediction for all class labels, it is a kind of framework for extracting the specific features of each label for classification, so it is widely used in multi-label learning.

zh-cn	而针对标记维度较大、标记分布密度不平衡等问题，已有的基于类属属性的多标记学习算法普遍时间消耗大、分类精度低。
en-us	For the problems of large label dimension and unbalanced label distribution density, the existing multi-label learning algorithm based on label-specific features has larger time consumption and lower classification accuracy.

zh-cn	为提高多标记分类性能，该文提出一种基于标记密度分类间隔面的组类属属性学习(GLSFL-LDCM)方法。
en-us	In order to improve the performance of classification, a Group-Label-Specific FeaturesLearning method based on Label-Density Classification Margin (GLSFL-LDCM) is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，使用余弦相似度构建标记相关性矩阵，通过谱聚类将标记分组以提取各标记组的类属属性，减少计算全部标记类属属性的时间消耗。
en-us	Firstly, the cosinesimilarity is used to construct the label correlation matrix, and the class labels are grouped by spectralclustering to extract the label-specific features of each label group to reduce the time consumption forcalculating the label-specific features of all class labels.

zh-cn	然后，计算各标记密度以更新标记空间矩阵，将标记密度信息加入原标记中，扩大正负标记的间隔，通过标记密度分类间隔面的方法有效解决标记分布密度不平衡问题。
en-us	Then, the density of each label is calculated to updatethe label space matrix, the label-density information is added to the original label space. The classificationmargin between the positive and negative labels is expanded, thus the imbalance label distribution densityproblem is effectively solved by the method of label-density classification margin.

zh-cn	最后，通过将组类属属性和标记密度矩阵输入极限学习机以得到最终分类模型。
en-us	Finally, the final classificationmodel is obtained by inputting the group-label-specific features and the label-density matrix into the extremelearning machine.

zh-cn	对比实验充分验证了该文所提算法的可行性与稳定性。
en-us	The comparison experiment results verify fully the feasibility and stability of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	特征子空间学习是图像识别及分类任务的关键技术之一，传统的特征子空间学习模型面临两个主要的问题。
en-us	Feature subspace learning is a critical technique in image recognition and classification tasks.Conventional feature subspace learning methods include two main problems.

zh-cn	一方面是如何使样本在投影到特征空间后有效地保持其局部结构和判别性。
en-us	One is how to preserve the localstructures and discrimination when the samples are projected into the learned subspace.

zh-cn	另一方面是当样本含噪时传统学习模型所发生的失效问题。
en-us	The other hand whenthe data are corrupted with noise, the conventional learning models usually do not work well.

zh-cn	针对上述两个问题，该文提出一种基于低秩表示(LRR)的判别特征子空间学习模型，该模型的主要贡献包括：
en-us	To solve the twoproblems, a discriminative feature learning method is proposed based on Low Rank Representation (LRR). Thenovel method includes three main contributions.

zh-cn	通过低秩表示探究样本的局部结构，并利用表示系数作为样本在投影空间的相似性约束，使投影子空间能够更好地保持样本的局部近邻关系；
en-us	It explores the local structures among samples via low rankrepresentation, and the representation coefficients are used as the similarity measurement to preserve the localneighborhood existed in the samples;

zh-cn	为提高模型的抗噪能力，构造了一种利用低秩重构样本的判别特征学习约束项，同时增强模型的判别性和鲁棒性；
en-us	To improve the anti-noise performance, a discriminative learning item is constructed from the recovered samples via low rank representation, which can enhance the discrimination and robustness simultaneously;

zh-cn	设计了一种基于交替优化技术的迭代数值求解方案来保证算法的收敛性。
en-us	An iterative numerical scheme is developed with alternating optimization, and the convergence can be guaranteed effectively.

zh-cn	该文在多个视觉数据集上进行分类任务的对比实验，实验结果表明所提算法在分类准确度和鲁棒性方面均优于传统特征学习方法。
en-us	Extensive experimental results on several visual datasetsdemonstrate that the proposed method outperforms conventional feature learning methods on both of accuracyand robustness.

zh-cn	针对多约束条件下稀布矩形平面阵列天线的优化问题，该文提出一种基于动态参数差分进化(DPDE)算法的方向图综合方法。
en-us	For solving the problem of the synthesis of sparse rectangular planar arrays with multiple constraints,this paper proposes a Dynamic Parameters Differential Evolution (DPDE) based algorithm.

zh-cn	首先，对差分进化(DE)算法中的缩放因子和交叉概率引入动态变化控制策略，提高搜索效率和搜索精度。
en-us	Firstly, to improvesearching efficiency and accuracy of Differential Evolution (DE), the proposed method introduces dynamicallychanging strategies to the scaling factor and the crossover probability of the traditional Differential Evolutionalgorithm.

zh-cn	其次，改进矩阵映射方法，重新定义映射法则，改善现有方法随机性强和搜索精度低的不足。
en-us	Secondly, a modified matrix mapping method and the redefinition of mapping principles arepresented to make up the defects of strong randomness and low accuracy in existing methods.

zh-cn	最后，为检验所提方法的有效性进行仿真实验，实验数据表明，该方法可以提高天线优化性能，有效降低天线的峰值旁瓣电平。
en-us	Finally,simulation experiments of antenna arrays are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,and the results demonstrate that the proposed method performs out the existing methods in the respect ofreducing peak sidelobe level of antenna arrays.

zh-cn	无线局域网(WLAN)室内入侵检测技术是目前智能检测领域的研究热点之一，而传统基于数据库构建的入侵检测技术没有考虑复杂室内环境中WLAN信号的时变性，从而导致WLAN室内入侵检测系统的鲁棒性较差。
en-us	Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) indoor intrusion detection technique is one of the current research hotspots in the field of intelligent detection, but the conventional database construction based intrusion detection technique does not consider the time-variant property of WLAN signal in the complicated indoor environment, which results in the low robustness of WLAN indoor intrusion detection system.

zh-cn	为了解决这一问题，该文提出一种基于多核最大均值差异(MKMMD)迁移学习的WLAN室内入侵检测方法。
en-us	To address this problem, a Multiple Kernel Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MKMMD) transfer learning basedWLAN indoor intrusion detection approach is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先利用离线有标记和在线伪标记的接收信号强度(RSS)特征来分别构建源域和目标域；
en-us	First of all, the offline labeled and online pseudo-labeled Received Signal Strength (RSS) features are used to construct source and target domains respectively.

zh-cn	其次，通过构造最优迁移矩阵以最小化源域和目标域RSS特征混合分布之间的MKMMD；
en-us	Second, the optimal transfer matrix is constructed to minimize the MKMMD of the joint distributions of RSSfeatures in source and target domains.

zh-cn	再次，利用迁移后的源域RSS特征与对应标签来训练分类器，并将其用于对迁移后的目标域RSS特征进行分类以得到目标域标签集；
en-us	Third, a classifier trained from the transferred RSS features and the corresponding labels in source domain is used to classify the transferred RSS features in target domain, and meanwhile the label set corresponding to target domain is obtained.

zh-cn	最后，迭代更新目标域标签集直至算法收敛，进而实现对目标环境的入侵检测。
en-us	Finally, the label set corresponding totarget domain is updated in an iterative manner until the proposed algorithm converges, and then the intrusiondetection in target environment is achieved.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该文所提方法在保证较高检测精度的同时，能够有效克服信号时变性对检测性能的影响。
en-us	The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is able to preserve high detection accuracy as well as overcome the impact of time-variant signal property on the detection performance.

zh-cn	针对基于长期演进(LTE)信号的无源雷达存在同频基站干扰的问题，该文提出一种基于2阶统计量的盲源分离算法，
en-us	For the problem of co-frequency base station interference in passive radar based on Long TermEvolution (LTE) signal, an algorithm based on blind source separation using second statistics is proposed.

zh-cn	该算法是在卷积混合模型下，通过多通道最小均方(LMS)算法实现分离信号之间的相关性最小。
en-us	The presented algorithm is based on convolution mixed model, and achieves the minimum correlation among separated signals through multi-channel Least-Mean-Square (LMS) algorithm.

zh-cn	由于各发射基站信号之间统计不相关，当分离信号之间的相关性达到最小时，完成观测信号的分离。
en-us	Without statistical correlationamong the signals of each transmitting base station, the separation of the observed signals is completed whenthe separated signals achieve the minimum correlation.

zh-cn	在此基础上，改进了传统无源雷达信号处理的流程，增加了分离同频干扰基站直达波和多径杂波的步骤，实现了对同频干扰基站杂波的抑制。
en-us	On this base, the traditional signal processing forpassive radar is improved. The steps of separating co-frequency interference clutter consisting of both direct-path and multipath clutter are added, which can suppress the clutter interference of co-channel base station.

zh-cn	通过仿真分析，验证了算法的有效性，为基于LTE信号的无源雷达数据处理提供了参考。
en-us	Simulation and analysis verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. The algorithm provides a reference for dataprocessing of passive radar based on LTE signal.

zh-cn	图像间的风格迁移是一类将图片在不同领域进行转换的方法。
en-us	Image-to-image translation is a method to convert images in different domains.

zh-cn	随着生成式对抗网络在深度学习中的快速发展，其在图像风格迁移领域中的应用被日益关注。
en-us	With the rapid development of the Generative Adversarial Network(GAN) in deep learning, GAN applications are increasingly concerned in the field of image-to-image translation.

zh-cn	但经典算法存在配对训练数据较难获取，生成图片效果差的缺点。
en-us	However, classical algorithms have disadvantages that thepaired training data is difficult to obtain and the convert effect of generation image is poor.

zh-cn	该文提出一种改进循环生成式对抗网络(CycleGAN++)，取消了环形网络，并在图像生成阶段将目标域与源域的先验信息与相应图片进行纵深级联；
en-us	An improved Cycle-consistent Generative Adversarial Network(CycleGAN++) is proposed. New algorithm removes the loop network, and cascades the prior information of the target domain and the source domain in the image generation stage.

zh-cn	优化了损失函数，采用分类损失代替循环一致损失，实现了不依赖训练数据映射的图像风格迁移。
en-us	The loss function is optimized as well, using classification loss instead of cycle consistency loss, realizing image-to-image translation without training data mapping.

zh-cn	采用CelebA和Cityscapes数据集进行实验评测，结果表明在亚马逊劳务平台感知研究(AMT perceptual studies)与全卷积网络得分(FCN score)两个经典测试指标中，该文算法比CycleGAN,IcGAN, CoGAN, DIAT等经典算法取得了更高的精度。
en-us	The evaluation of experiments on theCelebA and Cityscapes dataset show that new method can reach higher precision under the two classicalcriteria—Amazon Mechanical Turk perceptual studies(AMT perceptual studies) and Full-ConvolutionalNetwork score(FCN score), than the classical algorithms such as CycleGAN, IcGAN, CoGAN, and DIAT.

zh-cn	循环冗余校验(CRC)与信道编码的级联使用，可以有效改善译码的收敛特性。
en-us	Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) is used in cascade with channel coding to improve the convergenceof the decoding.

zh-cn	在新一代无线通信系统，如5G中，码长和码率都具有多样性。
en-us	In the new generation of wireless communication systems, such as 5G, both code length andcode rate are diverse.

zh-cn	为了提高编译码分段长度可变的级联系统的译码效率，该文提出一种可变计算位宽的CRC并行算法。
en-us	To improve the decoding efficiency of cascaded systems, a CRC parallel algorithm withvariable computing width is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	该算法在现有固定位宽并行算法的基础上，合并公式递推法中反馈数据与输入数据的并行计算，实现了一种高并行度的CRC校验架构，并且支持可变位宽的CRC计算。
en-us	Based on the existing fixed bit-width parallel algorithm,this algorithm combines the parallel calculation of feedback data and input data in the formula recursivemethod, realizing a highly parallel CRC check architecture with variable bit-width CRC calculation.

zh-cn	与现有的并行算法相比，合并算法节省了电路资源的开销，在位宽固定时，资源节约效果明显，同时在反馈时延上也有将近50%的优化；
en-us	Compared with the existing parallel algorithms, the merged algorithm saves the overhead of circuit resources. When the bit-width is fixed, the resource saving effect is obvious, and at the same time, the feedback delay is also optimized by nearly 50%.

zh-cn	在位宽可变时，电路资源的使用情况也有相应的优化。
en-us	When the bit-width is variable, the use of resources is also optimized accordingly.

zh-cn	该文使用极坐标正弦变换(PST)特征对图像进行Copy-move篡改检测，将待检测图像转换成灰度图并进行PST特征提取，
en-us	Polar Sine Transform (PST) is used to detect Copy-move forgeries in the paper，and the image to be detected is transformed into gray scale image and feature extraction is carried out by PST.

zh-cn	并采用改进的快速近似最近邻搜索算法PatchMatch对特征描述符进行匹配，以克服匹配全局描述符带来的处理时间较长的缺点。
en-us	Improved PatchMatch, a fast approximate nearest neighbor search algorithm, is used to match feature descriptors to overcome the problem of long time consuming caused by matching global descriptors.

zh-cn	实验分析表明，该文所提方法不仅对图像的线性Copy-move篡改和旋转干扰篡改有很好的效果，而且对噪声和JPEG压缩干扰篡改也具有一定的鲁棒性。
en-us	Experiments show thatthe proposed method is not only effective for linear Copy-move forgeries and rotation interference forgeries, butalso robust to noise and JPEG compression interference forgeries.

zh-cn	最后对综合干扰篡改实验测试发现，在综合篡改幅度较小的情况下，准确率可以达到98.0%。
en-us	Finally, the experimental results of synthetic interference forgeries show that the accuracy can reach 98.0% when the synthetic forgeries range is small.

zh-cn	该文针对双层非正交多址系统(NOMA)中基于能量效率的资源优化问题，该文提出基于双边匹配的子信道匹配方法和基于斯坦科尔伯格(Stackelberg)博弈的功率分配算法。
en-us	A subchannel matching method based on bilateral matching and a power allocation algorithm basedon Stackelberg game are proposed for two-tier Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) network.

zh-cn	首先将资源优化问题分解成子信道匹配与功率分配两个子问题，
en-us	Firstly, the resource optimization problem is decomposed into two subproblems—sub-channel matching and power allocation.

zh-cn	在功率分配问题中，将宏基站与小型基站层视作斯坦科尔伯格博弈中的领导者与追随者。
en-us	In the power allocation, the macro base station layer and small base station layer are regarded asthe leader and followers in the Stackelberg game.

zh-cn	然后将非凸优化问题转换成易于求解的方式，分别得到宏基站和小型基站层的功率分配。
en-us	Then, the non-convex optimization problem is converted intoa way to be easily solved, and the power allocation of the both layers are obtained respectively.

zh-cn	最后通过斯坦科尔伯格博弈，得到系统的全局功率分配方案。
en-us	Finally, theglobal power allocation scheme of the system is obtained by using Stackelberg game.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该资源优化算法能有效地提升双层NOMA系统的能量效率。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed resource optimization algorithms can effectively improve the energy efficiency of the two-tier NOMA system.

zh-cn	为提高信号采样值之间的相关性和降低噪声对感知性能的影响，该文提出基于信号包络自相关矩阵的频谱感知算法。
en-us	In order to improve the correlation between signal samplings and reduce the influence of noise on sensing performance, a spectrum sensing algorithm based on signal envelope autocorrelation matrix is proposed in the paper.

zh-cn	首先对采样信号等间隔时长截取，以相邻间隔的采样值计算信号自相关性，并构造出近似自相关矩阵。
en-us	Firstly, the sampling signals are intercepted at equal intervals, the signal autocorrelations are calculated by means of the adjacent interval samples, and an approximate autocorrelation matrix is constructed.

zh-cn	其次依据矩阵次对角线元素性质构造了统计量。
en-us	Secondly, the statistic is constructed according to the properties of the sub-diagonal elements ofthe matrix.

zh-cn	分别计算了该统计量的检测概率分布函数与虚警概率分布函数，分析了频谱感知算法的检测性能，算法优化了信号相关性的计算，降低了噪声对感知性能的影响。
en-us	The detection probability distribution function and the false alarm probability distribution functionof the statistic are calculated respectively. The detection performances of the spectrum sensing algorithm areanalyzed. The algorithm optimizes the calculation of signal correlation and reduces the impact of noise ondetection performance.

zh-cn	最后通过仿真验证了不同参数对检测概率和虚警概率的影响，并提出了进一步提高检测性能的措施。
en-us	Finally, the effects of different parameters on detection probability and false alarm probability are verified by simulation, and some measures are proposed to improve detection performance.

zh-cn	已有的节点影响力度量方法均存在一定的局限性。
en-us	There are some limitations in the existing metric methods for measuring node influence.

zh-cn	该文基于三度影响力原则，综合考虑局部度量的适宜层次及大规模网络的可扩展性，提出一种基于3级邻居的节点影响力度量方法(TIM)。
en-us	A measurement method of node influence with three-level neighbors is proposed, which is based on the principle of three-degree influence, and considering the appropriate level of local measurement and the scalability of the large-scale network.

zh-cn	该方法将节点2, 3级具有传播衰减特性的邻居视为整体，用于度量节点的影响能力。
en-us	Firstly, the neighbors with propagation attenuation characteristics in the second and third level of a node are regarded as a whole, which is used to measure the influence of the node.

zh-cn	利用传染病模型及独立级联模型，在3个真实数据集验证了该方法的有效性。
en-us	Then, an algorithmfor measure called Three-level Influence Measurement (TIM) is proposed. Finally, in order to validate the effectiveness of the algorithm, the experiments on three datasets are conducted by using susceptible-infected-recovered model and independent cascade model.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，基于3级邻居的节点影响力度量方法在影响力一致性、区分度、排序性等指标中表现优越，且能够有效求解影响力最大化问题。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm issuperior in consistency of influence, discrimination, sorting performance and other evaluation indexes.Furthermore, the TIM is applied to effectively solve the problem of maximizing influence.

zh-cn	基于信道状态信息(CSI)的室内定位技术近几年备受关注。
en-us	Indoor positioning technology based on Channel State Information (CSI) receives much attention in recent years.

zh-cn	已提出的室内定位方案主要在适用性和定位精度等方面进行不断地创新和改进。
en-us	The existing indoor positioning solution is continuously innovative and improved in terms ofdeployment implementation and positioning accuracy.

zh-cn	该文提出一种被动式的1发2收指纹室内定位系统。
en-us	This paper proposes a passive one-transmitter two-receivers fingerprint indoor positioning system.

zh-cn	用两个固定接收端采集CSI数据，信号预处理阶段对CSI幅值进行奇异值去除与低通滤波，用线性拟合的方法对CSI相位进行校正，将两个接收端采集处理得到的CSI幅值和相位信息共同作为指纹，
en-us	The CSI data is collected by two fixed receiving end-devices. Inthe signal preprocessing stage, the CSI amplitude is singular value removed and low pass filtered, and the CSIphase is corrected by a linear fitting method, and the CSI amplitude and phase information obtained by thetwo receiving ends are collectively used as fingerprint samples.

zh-cn	最终通过全连接神经网络对指纹样本进行训练，并与采集到的实时数据进行匹配识别。
en-us	The fingerprint samples are finally trainedthrough the fully connected neural network, and matched with the collected real-time data.

zh-cn	实验表明，采用两个接收端以及幅值和相位结合定位的方法，匹配识别率达到了98%，定位精度达到0.69 m。
en-us	Experiments showthat the matching recognition rate reaches 98% by using two receivers and the combination of amplitude andphase positioning, and the positioning accuracy is 0.69 m.

zh-cn	证明该系统能精确有效地实现室内定位。
en-us	It proves that the system can accurately andeffectively achieve indoor positioning.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于虚拟光学的视觉显著目标高分辨率可控放大重建方法。
en-us	A high-resolution controllable magnification method for visual saliency object based on virtual opticsis proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	原始图像放置于虚拟光路物平面，
en-us	The original image is placed on the virtual object plane.

zh-cn	首先通过衍射逆计算获得原始图像在虚拟衍射面的光波信号，
en-us	Firstly, the diffractive waveof the original image on the virtual diffraction plane is obtained by inverse diffraction calculation,

zh-cn	再对虚拟衍射面光波用球面波照射后作正向衍射计算，通过改变观测平面位置可重建出不同放大率的原始图像。
en-us	and then theforward diffraction calculation is carried out after the virtual diffraction wave is irradiated by spherical wave.The original images with different magnification can be reconstructed by changing the position of theobservation plane.

zh-cn	仿真测试结果表明，与一般的插值放大方法相比，所获得的放大后的图像特别是在显著性区域表示出良好的视觉感知效果。
en-us	The simulation results show that compared with the general interpolation method, the magnified image shows a good visual perception effect, especially in the saliency region.

zh-cn	将包含人脸的低分辨率降质图像作为待重建信号，所重建人脸的显著性区域如眼睛、鼻子等比一般重建方法更清晰。
en-us	When the degraded face image is used as the signal to be reconstructed, the significant areas such as eyes and nose are clearer than the general method.

zh-cn	用水平集方法结合显著图分割出原始图像中的局部显著区域并作放大重建和轮廓提取，轮廓表现出良好的光滑性。
en-us	The local salient region in the original image is segmented by the level set method combinedwith salient map, and the magnification and contour extraction are performed. The contours show good smoothness.

zh-cn	为了解决行波管(TWT)宽带数字预失真(DPD)中反馈回路ADC采样率过高的问题，该文利用信号的循环平稳特性证实可通过欠采样下的输出信号估计功放的非线性模型参数，
en-us	In order to reduce the sampling rate of the Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) of the Analog to DigitalConverter (ADC) in the feedback loop of Digital PreDistortion (DPD), the nonlinear parameters of the poweramplifier model are proved to be estimated with the undersampled output signal based on the cyclostationaryof digital modulation signal.

zh-cn	然后由功放非线性模型参数和输入信号可恢复出与高采样率下效果相似的功放输出信号，
en-us	The output signal similar to high sampling rate can be obtained by combining thenonlinear parameters of the power amplifier model with the input signal.

zh-cn	最后通过传统的间接学习结构对功放进行数字预失真以实现行波管的线性化。
en-us	The DPD of the power amplifier is implemented through indirect learning architecture.

zh-cn	为了验证该方法，利用20 MHz LTE信号驱动一只55 W的X波段行波管放大器(TWTA)。
en-us	To validate the method, a 55 W X-band Traveling WaveTube Amplifier (TWTA) is driven by a 20 MHz LTE signal.

zh-cn	数字预失真反馈回路的ADC采样率从61.44 Msps降低至6.144 Msps和3.072 Msps，但线性化效果变化不大，表明欠采样方法是有效的。
en-us	The sampling rate of ADC in the DPD feedback loop is reduced from 61.44 Msps to 6.144 Msps and 3.072 Msps, but the linearization effect has little change, which shows the validation of the undersampling method.

zh-cn	由于多径和非同源等因素的影响，传统基于蓝牙信号强度的室内定位方法的性能精度和稳定性都不高。
en-us	Due to the influence of many factors such as multipath and multi-source, the traditional indoorlocalization algorithms based on Bluetooth signal strength have low performance in accuracy and stability.

zh-cn	针对基于蓝牙信号的复杂室内环境定位问题，该文提出基于低成本阵列天线的室内定位方法，
en-us	In order to solve the location problem in complex indoor environment based on Bluetooth signal, an indoor localization algorithm based on low-cost array antenna is developed.

zh-cn	该方法利用单通道轮采极化敏感阵列天线对蓝牙信号进行采样，然后结合暗室测量获得的准确阵列流形和极化快收敛稀疏贝叶斯学习(P-FCSBL)算法实现信源的角度估计，最后通过角度实现定位。
en-us	The algorithm utilizes single-channel usingswitch-antenna polarization sensitive array to sample Bluetooth signal, then combines the accurate arraymanifold measured in dark room and the algorithm of Polarized Fast Converging Sparse Bayesian Learning (P-FCSBL) to estimate the source’s angle, and finally gets the target location by angle.

zh-cn	该方法充分利用极化信息和角度信息来实现目标和多径信号的分离，同时对单信源的同时采样保证了估计的稳定性。
en-us	This algorithm makes fulluse of polarization information and angle information to separate target and multipath signal, and simultaneoussampling of one source ensures estimation stability.

zh-cn	最后通过实测数据处理验证了该方法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the effectiveness of the method is verified by thereal data.

zh-cn	欺骗式干扰通过发射与真实卫星信号相似的信号误导接收机产生错误的定位结果，具有极大的危害。
en-us	Spoofing misleads the receiver to generate the wrong position information by trans-mitting signals similar to authentic satellite signals, which has great harm.

zh-cn	该文针对转发式欺骗干扰，提出一种基于信号重构的单天线欺骗干扰抑制方法。
en-us	In this paper, a single-antenna spoofing mitigationalgorithm based on signal reconstruction is proposed for meaconing.

zh-cn	该方法首先通过参数估计方法估计出欺骗信号载波频率和码相位，然后构建欺骗信号子空间正交投影矩阵以抑制干扰。
en-us	Firstly, the carrier frequency and codephase of spoofing signal are obtained by parameter estimation method, and then the orthogonal projectionmatrix of spoofing signal subspace is constructed to suppress spoofing.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明该方法对欺骗干扰具有良好的抑制效果，能够保障接收机在干扰环境中实现有效定位，并具有较低的运算复杂度。
en-us	The simulation results show that thealgorithm has a good suppression effect on spoofing and ensure the receiver can locate effectively in theinterference environment, and the algorithm also has lower computational complexity.

zh-cn	深度学习在人工智能领域已经取得了非常优秀的成就，在有监督识别任务中，使用深度学习算法训练海量的带标签数据，可以达到前所未有的识别精确度。
en-us	Deep learning has shown excellent performance in the field of artificial intelligence. In the supervised identification task, deep learning algorithms can achieve unprecedented recognition accuracy by training massive tagged data.

zh-cn	但是，由于对海量数据的标注工作成本昂贵，对罕见类别获取海量数据难度较大，所以如何识别在训练过程中少见或从未见过的未知类仍然是一个严峻的问题。
en-us	However, owing to the high cost of labeling massive data and the difficulty of obtainingmassive data of rare categories, it is still a serious problem how to identify unknown class that is rarely or neverseen during training.

zh-cn	针对这个问题，该文回顾近年来的零样本图像识别技术研究，从研究背景、模型分析、数据集介绍、实验分析等方面全面阐释零样本图像识别技术。
en-us	In view of this problem, the researches of Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) in recent years is reviewed and illustrated from the aspects of research background, model analysis, data set introduction and performance analysis in this article.

zh-cn	此外，该文还分析了当前研究存在的技术难题，并针对主流问题提出一些解决方案以及对未来研究的展望，为零样本学习的初学者或研究者提供一些参考。
en-us	Some solutions of mainstream problem and prospects of future research are provided. Meanwhile, the current technical problems of ZSL is analyzed, which can offer some references tobeginners and researchers of ZSL.

zh-cn	立方攻击的预处理阶段复杂度随输出比特代数次数的增长呈指数级增长，寻找有效立方集合的难度也随之增加。
en-us	The complexity of the pre-processing phase of the cubic attack grows exponentially with the numberof output bit algebras, and the difficulty of finding an effective cube set increases.

zh-cn	该文对立方攻击中预处理阶段的算法做了改进，
en-us	In this paper, the algorithmof preprocessing stage in cubic attack is improved.

zh-cn	在立方集合搜索时，由随机搜索变为带目标的搜索，设计了一个新的目标搜索优化算法，优化了预处理阶段的计算复杂度，进而使离线阶段时间复杂度显著降低。
en-us	In the cube set search, from random search to target search,a new target search optimization algorithm is designed to optimize the computational complexity of thepreprocessing stage. In turn, the offline phase time complexity is significantly reduced.

zh-cn	将改进的立方攻击结合旁路方法应用在MIBS分组密码算法上，从旁路攻击的角度分析MIBS的算法特点，
en-us	The improved cubicattack combined with the side-channel method is applied to the MIBS block cipher algorithm. The algorithm characteristics of MIBS are analyzed from the perspective of side-channel attack.

zh-cn	在第3轮选择了泄露位置，建立关于初始密钥和输出比特的超定的线性方程组，可以直接恢复33 bit密钥，利用二次检测恢复6 bit密钥。
en-us	The leak location is selected inthe third round, and the overdetermined linear equations from initial key and output bit are established, whichcan directly recover 33bit key. Then the 6bit key can be recovered by quadric-detecting.

zh-cn	所需选择明文量221.64，时间复杂度225。
en-us	The amount ofplaintext required is 221.64, time complexity is 225.

zh-cn	该结果较现有结果有较大改进，恢复的密钥数增多，在线阶段的时间复杂度降低。
en-us	This result is greatly improved compared with the existing results, the number of keys recovered is increased, and the time complexity of the online phase is reduced.

zh-cn	利用无线信道的特征通过物理层技术实现信息的安全传输是保密通信的一种方式。
en-us	Utilizing the characteristics of the wireless channel to achieve secure transmission of informationthrough physical layer technology is a way to realize security communications.

zh-cn	时间反转传输特有的时空聚焦特性使其具有天然的抗干扰和抗窃听能力，在单发射天线条件下也能获得较好的保密传输性能。
en-us	The time-reversed transmissionhas natural anti-jamming and anti-eavesdropping capability due to its unique spatial and temporal focusingproperty, so a good secrecy performance can be obtained even when the transmitter is equipped with singletransmitting antenna.

zh-cn	该文研究两用户时间反转下行多址安全传输系统中，发送滤波器脉冲响应的优化问题。
en-us	This paper studies the optimization of the transmit filter impulse response in a two-usertime-reversed downlink multiple access secure transmission system.

zh-cn	根据互惠原则将两个发送滤波器的联合优化问题转换为各滤波器的独立优化问题，进一步将其转换为寻找最大特征值及其对应的特征向量的问题，并通过迭代算法进行求解。
en-us	The joint optimization problem of twotransmitting filters is transformed into the independent optimization problem of each filter based on reciprocityprinciples. This problem is further converted into the problem of finding the largest eigenvalue and itscorresponding eigenvector which is solved by iterative algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，针对保密和速率优化预处理滤波器后，系统的可达保密速率明显优于采用常规时间反转预处理滤波器时的系统和直接传输系统。
en-us	The simulation results show that byoptimizing the pre-filter for sum secrecy rate, the system's sum secrecy rate is promoted and is obviously higherthan that of the conventional time-reversed pre-processing filter system and direct transmission system.

zh-cn	由于无线传感网络(WSN)存在能量和带宽的限制，在网络中直接传送模拟信号受到了极大地制约，因此对模拟信号量化是节省网络能量和保证有效带宽的重要手段。
en-us	Due to the limitation of energy and bandwidth in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN), the directtransmission of analog signals in the network is greatly restricted. Therefore, quantization of analog signals isan important means to save network energy and ensure effective bandwidth.

zh-cn	为此，该文以融合中心的重构绝对均值误差最小为原则，设计一种网络量化及能量优化方法。
en-us	To this end, based on the principleof minimum absolute mean reconstruction error a network quantization and energy optimization method isdesigned in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，针对单传感器，在能量固定的情况下推导了最优量化位数及在量化位数固定的情况下推导了最优能量分配。
en-us	Firstly, for single sensor, the optimal quantization bit number is derived under thecondition of fixed energy and the optimal energy distribution is derived under the condition of fixedquantization bit number.

zh-cn	其次，在单传感器的基础上，进一步推导多传感器情况下最优量化位数及最优能量分配。
en-us	Secondly, on the basis of single sensor, the optimal quantization bit number andoptimal energy allocation are further deduced in multi-sensor case.

zh-cn	以上两种情况都考虑了传感器测量噪声及信道衰落损耗。
en-us	In both cases, the sensor measurement noiseand channel fading loss are considered.

zh-cn	最后，通过数值仿真方法验证了文中所提方法的正确性，并将其与等能量分配进行了比较，获得了较好的效果。
en-us	Finally, the numerical simulation results show that the proposedmethod is correct and better than the equal energy distribution.

zh-cn	当前的显著性目标检测算法在准确性和高效性两方面不能实现良好的平衡，
en-us	It is difficult for current salient object detection algorithms to reach a good balance performancebetween accuracy and efficiency.

zh-cn	针对这一问题，该文提出了一种新的平衡准确性以及高效性的显著性目标检测深度卷积网络模型。
en-us	To solve this problem, a deep convolutional network for saliency objectdetection with balanced accuracy and high efficiency is produced.

zh-cn	首先，通过将传统的卷积替换为可分解卷积，大幅减少计算量，提高检测效率。
en-us	First, through replacing the traditionalconvolution with the decomposed convolution, the computational complexity is greatly reduced and thedetection efficiency of the model is improved.

zh-cn	其次，为了更好地利用不同尺度的特征，采用了稀疏跨层连接结构及多尺度融合结构来提高模型检测精度。
en-us	Second, in order to make better use of the characteristics ofdifferent scales, sparse cross-layer connection structure and multi-scale fusion structure are adopted to improvethe detection precision.

zh-cn	广泛的评价表明，与现有方法相比，所提的算法在效率和精度上都取得了领先的性能。
en-us	A wide range of evaluations show that compared with the existing methods, theproposed algorithm achieves the leading performance in efficiency and accuracy.

zh-cn	针对蠕虫病毒通常只能感染特定操作系统的特点，该文研究了多操作系统异构网络中的病毒传播规律及安全性能优化策略。
en-us	In view of the fact that worm viruses can only infect specific operating systems, the virus propagationrule and security performance optimization strategy in multi-operating system heterogeneous network arestudied in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，考虑多数病毒仅限在同种操作系统之间的链路中传播，在SIRS病毒传播模型中引入异构边比例参数，通过系统平衡点求解和基本再生数分析，研究异构边对单系统病毒传播和网络安全性能的影响。
en-us	First, considering that most viruses can only spread in link between the same operationsystem, the parameters of heterogeneous edges ratio are introduced into the Susceptible Infected RemoveSusceptible (SIRS) virus transmission model, and the influence of heterogeneous edges and network securityperformance on the single system virus transmission is studied through system equilibrium solution and basicregeneration number analysis.

zh-cn	其次，按照动态目标防御思想和技术，设计了非异构边随机中断、非异构边随机重连和单操作系统节点随机跳变3种网络安全优化策略，分析了3种策略下异构边比例和基本再生数的变化及其对网络安全性能的影响。
en-us	Secondly, according to the moving target defense thought and technology, thenetwork security optimization strategies is designed for non-isomeric random interrupt, non-isomeric randomreconnecting and single operating system random node migration, and the variation of the same ratio and thebasic number of regenerated numbers in the three strategies and the impact on the safety of the network areanaylrzed.

zh-cn	最后仿真验证了病毒传播模型的正确性和3种策略的网络安全性能优化效果，同随机中断和随机隔离策略对比，分析其对网络安全性能和网络业务承载能力的影响。
en-us	Finally, the correctness of the virus propagation model is verified by simulation, and the network security performance optimization effects of the three strategies are analyzed.

zh-cn	为了研究忆阻系统的簇发振荡及其形成机理，该文在Shimizu-Morioka(S-M)系统的基础上引入忆阻器件和两个慢变化的周期激励项，建立了一种多时间尺度的忆阻型S-M系统。
en-us	In order to study the bursting oscillations and its formation mechanism of memristor-based system, amulti-timescale memristor-based S-M system is established by introducing a memristor device and two slowlychanging periodic excitations into the Shimizu-Morioka (S-M) system.

zh-cn	首先研究了单一激励下S-M系统的簇发行为及分岔机制，得到一种对称型“sub-Hopf/sub-Hopf”簇发模式。
en-us	Firstly, the bursting behavior andbifurcation mechanism of S-M system under single excitation are studied, and a symmetric bursting pattern of“sub-Hopf/sub-Hopf” is obtained.

zh-cn	然后借助De Moivre公式将多频激励系统转化为单频激励系统，结合快慢分析法重点分析了附加激励幅度对“sub-Hopf/sub-Hopf”簇发模式的影响。
en-us	Then the multi-frequency excitation system is transformed into singlefrequency excitation system by using De Moivre formula, and the influence of additional excitation amplitudeand frequency on “sub Hopf / sub Hopf” bursting mode is analyzed by using the fast-slow analysis method.

zh-cn	对应于不同附加激励幅度该文发现了两种新的簇发模式，即扭曲型“sub-Hopf/sub-Hopf”簇发和嵌套级联型sub-Hopf/sub-Hopf”簇发。
en-us	As a result, two new bursting patterns named as twisted “sub-Hopf/sub-Hopf” bursting and nested “sub-Hopf/sub-Hopf” are found under different amplitudes of the additional excitation.

zh-cn	借助时序图、分岔图和转换相图分析了相应的簇发机制。
en-us	The corresponding bursting mechanisms are analyzed with time history diagram, bifurcation diagram and transformation phase diagram.

zh-cn	最后，采用Multisim软件搭建电路模型并进行仿真实验，得到的实验结果与理论分析结果相吻合，从而实验证明了忆阻型S-M系统的簇发模式。
en-us	Finally, Multisim simulation results, which are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results, areprovided to verify the validity of the study.

zh-cn	为了探究分数阶形式下该类系统的动力学特性，该文将分数阶微积分引入到忆阻退化Jerk系统中，增加了一个自由度，提升了系统性能。
en-us	To investigate the dynamic characteristics of this type of system in the fractional-order case,fractional-order calculus is introduced into memristive hypogenetic Jerk system, which adds one degree offreedom and improves system performance.

zh-cn	通过相图、分岔图、李雅普诺夫指数谱、复杂度混沌图等分析了系统的动力学特性，并采用DSP技术，实现了该系统的数字电路。
en-us	The dynamical characteristics of the system are analyzed by phasediagram, bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, complexity chaotic diagram, etc., and the digitalcircuit of the system is realized by employing DSP technology.

zh-cn	研究结果表明，系统拓展到分数阶后有两种不同的单涡卷吸引子，系统随初值变化呈现倍周期分岔路径，在某些特定初值处系统演化路径出现跃变。系统具有无限多个吸引子共存。
en-us	The research results show that when the system is extended to the fractional order, the system presents a period doubling bifurcation path with the initial value, and the evolution path of the system changes abruptly at some specific initial values, showing infinite coexistence of attractors.

zh-cn	荷控忆阻器在寄生元件存在的情况下，可能发生记忆衰退现象。
en-us	In the presence of parasitic elements, fading memory may occur in charge controlled memristors.

zh-cn	该文采用忆阻器动力学路线图和仿真的方法，研究了忆阻器寄生电阻和寄生电容对其动力学特性的影响。
en-us	The effects of parasitic resistance and capacitance on the dynamic characteristics of memristor are studied by using the dynamic route map and simulation method.

zh-cn	理论和仿真分析发现，理想荷控(流控)忆阻器在直流和交流激励下，寄生电阻或寄生电容单独存在时不发生记忆衰退现象，但在寄生电阻和寄生电容同时存在的情况下会发生记忆衰退，其机理是寄生元件形成放电通路，从而导致荷控忆阻器产生了记忆衰退。
en-us	The oretical and simulation analysis shows that the idealcharge controlled (current controlled) memristor does not have fading memory when the parasitic resistance orcapacitance exists alone under the excitation of DC and AC, but fading memory occurs when the parasiticresistance and capacitance exist at the same time. The mechanism is that the parasitic elements form dischargepath, which leads to fading memory of the charge controlled memristor.

zh-cn	针对现有群智感知平台在数据和酬金交付过程中存在的安全风险和隐私泄露问题，该文提出一种基于Tangle网络的分布式群智感知数据安全交付模型。
en-us	Considering the security risks and privacy leaks in the process of data and reward in the MobileCrowdSensing (MCS), a distributed security delivery model based on Tangle network is proposed.

zh-cn	首先，在数据感知阶段，调用局部异常因子检测算法剔除异常数据，聚类获取感知数据并确定可信参与者节点。
en-us	Firstly, inthe data perception stage, the local outlier factor detection algorithm is used to eliminate the anomaly data,cluster the perception data and determine the trusted participant.

zh-cn	然后，在交易写入阶段，使用马尔科夫蒙特卡洛算法选择交易并验证其合法性，通过注册认证中心登记完成匿名身份数据上传，并将交易同步写入分布式账本。
en-us	Then, in the transaction writing stage,Markov Monte Carlo algorithm is used to select the transaction and verify its legitimacy. The anonymousidentity data is uploaded by registering with the authentication center, and the transaction is synchronouslywritten to the distributed account book.

zh-cn	最后，结合Tangle网络的累计权重共识机制，当交易安全性达到阈值时，任务发布者可进行数据和酬金的安全交付。
en-us	Finally, combined with Tangle network cumulative weight consensusmechanism, when the security of transaction reaches its threshold, task publishers can safely deliver data andrewards.

zh-cn	仿真试验表明，在模型保护用户隐私的同时，增强了数据和酬金的安全交付能力，相比现有感知平台降低了时间复杂度和任务发布成本。
en-us	The simulation results show that the model not only protects user privacy, but also enhances theability of secure delivery of data and reward. Compared with the existing sensing platform, the model reducesthe time complexity and task publishing cost.

zh-cn	RGB-D图像显著性检测是在一组成对的RGB和Depth图中识别出视觉上最显著突出的目标区域。
en-us	RGB-D saliency detection identifies the most visually attentive target areas in a pair of RGB andDepth images.

zh-cn	已有的双流网络，同等对待多模态的RGB和Depth图像数据，在提取特征方面几乎一致。
en-us	Existing two-stream networks, which treat RGB and Depth data equally, are almost identical in feature extraction.

zh-cn	然而，低层的Depth特征存在较大噪声，不能很好地表征图像特征。
en-us	As the lower layers Depth features with a lot of noise, it causes image features not be well characterized.

zh-cn	因此，该文提出一种多模态特征融合监督的RGB-D图像显著性检测网络，通过两个独立流分别学习RGB和Depth数据，使用双流侧边监督模块分别获取网络各层基于RGB和Depth特征的显著图，然后采用多模态特征融合模块来融合后3层RGB和Depth高维信息生成高层显著预测结果。
en-us	Therefore, a multi-modal feature-fused supervision of RGB-D saliency detection network is proposed, RGB and Depth data are studied independently through two-stream , double-side supervision module is used respectively to obtain saliency maps of each layer, and then the multi-modal feature-fused module is used to later three layers of the fused RGB and Depth of higher dimensional information to generate saliency predicted results.

zh-cn	最终输出既包含RGB低层信息又融合RGB-D高层多模态信息的显著图。
en-us	Finally, the information of lower layers is fused to generate the ultimate saliency maps.

zh-cn	在3个公开数据集上的实验表明，该文所提网络因为使用了双流侧边监督模块和多模态特征融合模块，其性能优于目前主流的RGB-D显著性检测模型，具有较强的鲁棒性。
en-us	Experiments on three open data sets show that the proposed network has better performance and strongerrobustness than the current RGB-D saliency detection models.

zh-cn	高清晰度的图像是信息获取和精确分析的前提，研究多帧图像的超分辨率重建能够有效解决因外部拍摄环境引起的图像细节丢失、边缘模糊等问题。
en-us	The high-resolution image is the prerequisite of information acquisition and precise analysis. Multi-frame super-resolution images reconstruction technologies are able to address many image degraded issues(caused by external shooting environment), such as detail information lost, blurred edges, and so forth.

zh-cn	该文基于纳米级忆阻器，设计一种多通道忆阻脉冲耦合神经网络模型(MMPCNN)，能够有效模拟网络中连接系数的动态变化，解决神经网络中固有的参数估计问题。
en-us	According to the nanoscale memristor, a Multi-channel Memristive Pulse Coupled Neural Network (MMPCNN)model is proposed. This model is able to simulate the adaptive-variable linking coefficient in pulse coupledneural network.

zh-cn	同时，将提出的网络应用于多帧图像超分辨率重建中，实现低分辨率配准图像的融合操作，并通过基于稀疏编码的单帧图像超分辨率重构算法对获得的初始高分辨率图像进行优化。
en-us	Meanwhile, the proposed network is applied to the multi-frame super resolution reconstructionfor fusing the registered low resolution images. Furthermore, the sparse coding based super resolution method is performed to improve the original high-resolution image.

zh-cn	最终，一系列计算机仿真及分析(主观/客观分析)验证了该文提出方案的正确性和有效性。
en-us	Finally, a series of computer experiments and therelevant subjective/objective analysis jointly illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the entire scheme.

zh-cn	针对多蜂窝多用户异构无线网络干扰管理和效率提升问题，该文研究了基于干扰效率最大的下行链路基站(BS)-用户匹配和功率分配问题。
en-us	To solve interference management and efficiency improvement of multi-cell multi-user heterogeneous wireless networks, the downlink Base Station (BS)-user matching and power allocation problem are studied to maximize the interference efficiency of femtocells.

zh-cn	首先，考虑宏用户和微蜂窝用户的服务质量，将问题建模为多变量混合整数非线性规划问题。
en-us	Firstly, consideration of quality of service of macro cell usersand femtocell users, the problem is formulated as a multivariate mixed integer nonlinear programming problem.

zh-cn	其次将原问题分解为基站选择和功率分配两个子问题。
en-us	Secondly, the problem is decomposed into two subproblems.

zh-cn	针对基站选择问题，利用凸优化问题获得最优基站选择策略；
en-us	The BS selection problem is solved by convex optimization technique.

zh-cn	针对功率分配问题，利用二次变换法和Dinkelbach辅助变量法，将功率分配问题转换为凸优化问题求解。
en-us	The power allocation problem is firstly converted into a convex one by using quadratictransformation method and Dinkelbach approach, then the problem is resolved by using Lagrange dual methodsand subgradient methods.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与现有算法对比，该算法具有较好的干扰效率和干扰控制性能。
en-us	Simulations results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by comparingwith the existing algorithms in terms of interference efficiency and interference management.

zh-cn	该文提出一种基于包含离散混沌系统、连续混沌系统的混沌系统集的混沌加密算法，该加密算法可以根据加密强度需求选择不同的混沌系统组合，利用图像像素的像素均值及像素坐标值为参数控制混沌密钥产生，增强混沌密钥与明文数据之间的联系。
en-us	A novel image encryption algorithm is proposed based on a chaos set which consists of discrete chaotic systems and continuous chaotic systems. The chosen combination of chaotic system is dependent on the encryption intensity. The pixel mean value and pixel coordinate value of images are exploited to control the generation of key, thus enhancing the relationship between chaotic key and plain text.

zh-cn	在加密基础上，将密文按位切割成3个数据后伪装隐藏在一个处理后的公开图像内，改变了密文外观特性。
en-us	In addition, the octet ofcipher text pixel is divided into three parts, and then hided into a processed public image, which can promote the external characteristics of cipher text.

zh-cn	通过对加密后的图像进行图像直方图分析、相邻像素相关性分析及图像信息熵分析，表明该加密算法有效，在图像保密传输中具有应用潜力。
en-us	The image histogram analysis, correlation analysis, and informationentropy analysis methods are adopted to identify the security performance, which indicates the effectiveness ofthe proposed image encryption algorithm and potential application in the image security transmission.

zh-cn	针对旁瓣零陷凹面约束的稀疏平面阵列优化及算法早熟等问题，该文基于参数自适应的思想，提出一种混合三角变异差分进化算法。
en-us	For the problems of sparse planar array optimization with side-lobe concave nulls constraints andpremature algorithm, a Hybrid Trigonometric Mutation Differential Evolution (HTMDE) algorithm is proposedbased on the idea of parameter adaptation.

zh-cn	通过引入旁瓣零陷凹面约束矩阵，构建自适应惩罚函数，时变权重组合变异策略与交叉策略，提高算法前期全局搜索能力和后期收敛能力，最终实现峰值旁瓣电平和旁瓣零陷凹面的平面阵列约束优化。
en-us	By introducing side-lobe concave nulls constraints matrix, adaptivepenalty function is constructed. Time-varying weight combination mutation strategy and crossover strategyimprove the initial global search ability and late convergence ability of the algorithm. The constrained optimization of the planar array with peak side lobe level and side-lobe concave nulls is finally realized.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，对比混合三角变异策略前的算法，该算法在完成稀疏阵列峰值旁瓣电平优化的同时，能在指定旁瓣区域完成零陷凹面设计，降低有源干扰影响。
en-us	The simulation results show that, compared with the algorithm before the hybrid trigonometric mutation strategy, the algorithm not only optimizes the peak side-lobe level of sparse array, but also designs concave nulls in specified side-lobe area to reduce the influence of active interference.

zh-cn	为克服传统模糊聚类算法应用于图像分割时，易受噪声影响，对聚类中心初始值敏感，易陷入局部最优，模糊信息处理能力不足等缺陷，该文提出基于近邻搜索花授粉优化的直觉模糊聚类图像分割算法。
en-us	In order to overcome shortcomings of the traditional fuzzy clustering algorithm for image segmentation, such as that are easily affected by noise, sensitive to the initial value of clustering center, easily falling into local optimum, and inadequate ability of fuzzy information processing, an intuitionistic fuzzy clustering image segmentation algorithm is proposed based on flower pollination optimization with nearest neighbor searching.

zh-cn	首先设计一种新颖的图像空间信息提取策略，进而构造融合图像空间信息的直觉模糊聚类目标函数，提高对于噪声的鲁棒性，提升算法处理图像中模糊信息的能力。
en-us	Firstly, a novel extraction strategy of image spatial information is proposed, and then an intuitionistic fuzzy clustering objective function with image spatial information is constructed to improve the algorithm’s robustness against noise and enhance the ability of the algorithm to process the image fuzzy information.

zh-cn	为了优化上述目标函数，提出一种基于近邻学习搜索机制的花授粉算法，实现对于聚类中心的寻优，解决对于聚类中心初始值敏感，易陷入局部最优的问题。
en-us	In order to overcome the defects of sensitivity to clustering centers and easily falling into localoptimum, a flower pollination algorithm based on nearest neighbor learning search mechanism is proposed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明所提算法能在多种噪声图像上取得令人满意的分割效果。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed method can get satisfactory segmentation results on a variety ofnoisy images.

zh-cn	为了解决光学加密技术中混沌序列分布不均匀，抗选择明文攻击能力弱以及菲涅尔域双随机相位编码系统对第1个衍射距离不敏感等问题，该文基于螺旋相位变换和新型广义Fibonacci混沌系统，提出一种光学图像加密算法。
en-us	In this paper, an optical image encryption algorithm based on spiral phase transform and new generalized fibonacci chaotic system is proposed to solve the problems of the Fresnel domain double random phase coding system is insensitive to the first diffraction distance，uneven distribution of chaotic sequences and weak resistance to choice plaintext attack.

zh-cn	在菲涅尔域的双随机相位编码中对明文图像进行相位编码和螺旋相位变换，克服系统对第1块随机模板和衍射距离不敏感的缺陷，提高光学密钥敏感性。
en-us	The plaintext image is encoded as phase information and spiral phase transformed to overcame the insensitivity of the first random phase template and diffraction distance of the Fresnel diffraction transform-double random phase encoding system. The sensitivity of the optical keys isimproved.

zh-cn	添加安全图像与明文进行加权干涉，进一步提高光学密钥敏感性和密钥维度。
en-us	The weighted interference between secure image and plain text image is added to further increase the sensitivity of the optical keys and dimension of key .

zh-cn	构造可产生均匀混沌序列的广义Fibonacci混沌系统生成随机模板，解决密钥体积过大分发传递困难问题，克服Logistic混沌分布不均匀的缺点，提高密钥传输效率及密钥敏感性。
en-us	A generalized Fibonacci chaotic system, which couldgenerate uniform sequences, is constructed to generate phase templates to overcame uneven distribution oflogistic chaos and improve the efficiency of key transmission and the sensitivity of the keys.

zh-cn	同时用明文哈希值SHA-256生成混沌初值和螺旋相位变换参数，使得密钥流随明文自适应变化，达到“一次一密”的效果，提高算法抵抗选择明文攻击能力和明文敏感性，雪崩效应更强。
en-us	The chaotic initialvalue and parameters of spiral phase transform are related to SHA-256. It makes the keys change with theplaintext and achieved the effect of “one encryption at a time”, and enhanced the sensitivity of the plaintextand the ability of the resistance to choice plaintext attack and avalanche effect.

zh-cn	实验对比表明该算法明文及密钥敏感性高，密钥空间大，鲁棒性好，能有效抵御各种攻击，是一种高安全性的光学图像加密方法。
en-us	Experimental comparison shows that this method can effectively increase the plaintext sensitivity and key sensitivity. This method’s robustness and the key space are sufficiently secure. It is a high security optical image encryption method.

zh-cn	传统的距离扩展目标检测一般在散射点密度或散射点数量先验条件下完成，在目标散射点信息完全未知时检测性能会大幅降低。
en-us	The traditional range-extended target detection is usually completed under the condition of scatteringpoint density or scattering point number priori. The detection performance is greatly reduced when thescattering point information of the target is completely unknown.

zh-cn	针对这个问题，该文提出一种基于强散射点在线估计的距离扩展目标检测方法(OESS-RSTD)，
en-us	To solve this problem, a Range Spread Target Detection method based on Online Estimation of Strong Scattering(OESS-RSTD) points is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法利用机器学习中的无监督聚类算法在线估计强散射点数量以及首次检测门限，然后再结合虚警率，确定2次检测门限，最后通过两次门限检测完成目标有无的判决。
en-us	Firstly, the unsupervised clustering algorithm in machine learning is used to estimate the number of strong scattering points and the first detection threshold adaptively. Then, the second detection threshold is determined according to false alarm rate. Finally, the existence of the target is determined through twodetection thresholds.

zh-cn	该文分别利用仿真数据和实测数据进行了试验验证，并和其他算法进行了试验对比，通过虚警概率一定时的信噪比(SNR)-检测概率曲线验证了该文所提方法相对于传统算法有更高的稳健性，且该方法不需要目标散射点的任何先验信息。
en-us	The simulation data and the measured data are used to verify and compare with otheralgorithms. By comparing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) -detection probability curves of various methodswith a given false alarm probability, it is verified that the proposed method has higher robustness than thetraditional algorithm, and the method does not need any priori information of target scattering points.

zh-cn	为了解决绝缘子目标检测中无法精确定位的问题，该文基于深度学习提出一种绝缘子定向识别算法，通过在轴对齐检测框中加入角度信息，可有效解决常规深度学习算法无法精确定位目标的问题。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of inaccurate location in insulator target detection, this paper proposesan insulator orientation recognition algorithm based on deep learning. By adding angle information to the axisalignment detection frame, it can effectively solve the problem that conventional deep learning algorithm cannot accurately locate the target.

zh-cn	该算法首先将角度旋转参数引入轴对齐矩形检测框中构成定向检测框，然后将该参数偏移量作为第5参数加入到损失函数中进行迭代回归，同时为提高检测精度在训练过程中使用Adam算法替代随机梯度下降(SGD)算法进行损失函数优化，最终可获得绝缘子定向检测模型。
en-us	First, the angular rotation parameters are introduced into the axially alignedrectangular detection frame to form a directional detection frame. Then the parameter offset is added as thefifth parameter to the loss function for iterative regression. At the same time, in order to improve the detectionaccuracy, Adam algorithm is used to replace Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) to optimize the loss function.Finally, the insulator directional detection model can be obtained.

zh-cn	实验分析表明，加入旋转角度的定向检测框可有效对绝缘子目标进行精确定位。
en-us	The experimental results show that theorientation detection frame with rotation angle can effectively locate the insulator target accurately.

zh-cn	手语识别涉及计算机视觉、模式识别、人机交互等领域，具有重要的研究意义与应用价值。
en-us	Sign language recognition involves computer vision, pattern recognition, human-computer interaction,etc. It has important research significance and application value.

zh-cn	深度学习技术的蓬勃发展为更加精准、实时的手语识别带来了新的机遇。
en-us	The flourishing of deep learning technology brings new opportunities for more accurate and real-time sign language recognition.

zh-cn	该文综述了近年来基于深度学习的手语识别技术，从孤立词与连续语句两个分支展开详细的算法阐述与分析。
en-us	This paper reviews the signlanguage recognition technology based on deep learning in recent years, formulates and analyzes the algorithmsfrom two branches - isolated words and continuous sentences.

zh-cn	孤立词识别技术划分为基于卷积神经网络(CNN)、3维卷积神经网络(3D-CNN)和循环神经网络(RNN) 3种架构的方法；
en-us	The isolated-word recognition technology isdivided into three structures: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Three-Dimensional Convolutional NeuralNetwork (3D-CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based method.

zh-cn	连续语句识别所用模型复杂度更高，通常需要辅助某种长时时序建模算法，按其主体结构分为双向长短时记忆网络模型、3维卷积网络模型和混合模型。
en-us	The model used for continuous sentence recognition has higher complexity and is usually assisted with certain kind of long-term temporal sequence modeling algorithm. According to the major structure, there are three categories: the bidirectionalLSTM, the 3D convolutional network model and the hybrid model.

zh-cn	归纳总结了目前国内外常用手语数据集，探讨了手语识别技术的研究挑战与发展趋势，高精度前提下的鲁棒性和实用化仍有待于推进。
en-us	Common sign language datasets at homeand abroad are summarized. Finally, the research challenges and development trends of sign languagerecognition technology are discussed, concluding that the robustness and practicality on the premise of high-precision still requires to be promoted.

zh-cn	发射机的指纹特征具有复杂性，现有的认识水平制约了特定辐射源识别(SEI)的性能。
en-us	The radio frequency fingerprinting of the emitter is complex, and the performance of Specific EmitterIdentification (SEI) is subjected to the present expertise.

zh-cn	为此，该文提出一种基于矢量图的SEI方法，应用深度学习技术实现了多种复杂特征的联合提取。
en-us	To remedy this shortcoming, this paper presents a novel SEI algorithm based on signal trajectory image, which realizes joint extraction of multiple complex fingerprints using deep learning architecture.

zh-cn	该文首先分析了多种发射机畸变在矢量图上的视觉表现；
en-us	First, this paper analyses the visual characteristics of multipleemitter imperfections in the signal trajectory image.

zh-cn	在此基础上，以矢量图灰度图像作为信号表示，构建深度残差网络提取图像中的视觉特征。
en-us	Thereafter, signal trajectory grayscale image is used as thesignal representation. Finally, a deep residual network is constructed to learn the visual characteristics reflected in the images.

zh-cn	该方法克服了现有认知的局限，兼具高信息完整性和低计算复杂度。
en-us	The proposed method overcomes the limitations of existing knowledge, and combines highinformation integrity with low computational complexity.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与现有算法相比，该方法能够显著改善SEI的性能，识别增益约为30%。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate that, compared withthe existing algorithms, the proposed one can remarkably improve the SEI performance with a gain of about30%.

zh-cn	忆阻器作为第4种基本电路元件由蔡少棠首次提出，它的提出为混沌电路的设计和工程应用提供了新思路。
en-us	Memristor is first proposed by Chua as the fourth basic circuit element, which provides a novel idea for the design and engineering application of chaotic circuits.

zh-cn	该文通过在Homles型Duffing系统中引入一个双曲正切忆阻模型，得到了一个新忆阻Duffing非自治系统。
en-us	A novel memristive Duffing nonautonomoussystem is obtained by introducing a hyperbolic-tangent memristor into the Homles type Duffing system.

zh-cn	利用转换相图、相图、Lyapunov指数等，揭示了该系统具有振荡尖峰数目可控簇发、非完全对称双边簇发、非完全对称的簇发共存、多种周期混沌共存等新颖动力学行为。
en-us	By using the transformed phase portraits, phase portraits, Lyapunov exponents, etc., it is revealed that the system has novel dynamical behaviors such as bursts with controllable number of oscillation spikes, non-completely symmetrical bilateral bursts, coexistence of non-completely symmetrical bursts, multiple coexistence of chaos and period.

zh-cn	并通过分岔图及平衡点分析，研究了其簇发产生机理。
en-us	The mechanism of bursting is studied by analysis of equilibrium point and bifurcation diagram.

zh-cn	采用Multisim电路仿真与数字信号处理平台(DSP)对系统进行了硬件实现，与理论分析基本一致的实验结果证明该系统是可行的且是物理可实现的。
en-us	Multisim circuit simulation and Digital Signal Processing platform (DSP) are used to implement the system inhardware, and the experimental results basically consistent with the theoretical analysis prove that the systemis feasible and physically achievable.

zh-cn	针对运动想象脑电信号(EEG)的非线性、非平稳特点，该文提出一种结合条件经验模式分解(CEMD)和串并行卷积神经网络(SPCNN)的脑电信号识别方法。
en-us	For the non-linear and non-stationary characteristics of motor imagery ElectroEncephaloGram (EEG)signals, an EEG signal recognition method based on Conditional Empirical Mode Decomposition (CEMD) andSerial Parallel Convolutional Neural Network (SPCNN) is proposed.

zh-cn	在CEMD过程中，采用各阶固有模式分量(IMF)与原始信号的相关性系数作为第1个IMF筛选条件，在此基础上，提出各阶IMF之间的相对能量占有率作为第2个IMF筛选条件。
en-us	In the CEMD process, the correlationcoefficient between the Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) and the original signal is used as the first condition toselect IMFs. Based on this, the relative energy occupancy rates between the IMFs are proposed as the secondcondition to select IMFs.

zh-cn	此外，为了考虑脑电信号各个通道之间的特征和突出每个通道内的特征，该文提出SPCNN网络模型对进行CEMD过程后的脑电信号进行分类。
en-us	Further, to consider the characteristics between the EEG signal channels and highlight the features in each EEG signal channel, a SPCNN model is proposed to classify the processed EEG signals.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在自行采集的脑电数据集上平均识别率达到94.58%。
en-us	The experimental results show that the average recognition rate reaches 94.58% on the dataset collected by ourselves.

zh-cn	在公开数据集BCI competition IV 2b上平均识别率达到82.13%，比卷积神经网络提高了3.85%。
en-us	And the average recognition rate reaches 82.13% on the BCI competition IV 2b dataset, which is3.85% higher than the average recognition rate of convolutional neural network.

zh-cn	最后，在自行设计的智能轮椅脑电控制平台上进行了轮椅前进、左转和右转在线控制实验，验证了该文算法对脑电信号识别的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the online control experiments are carried out on the designed intelligent wheelchair platform, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for EEG signals recognition.

zh-cn	高反光物体成像时反射的光强容易超出传感器接收光强的最大量化值，使得采集图像部分区域图像失真，严重影响信息传递。
en-us	When imaging a highly reflective object, the light intensity reflected easily exceeds the maximum quantized value of the light intensity received by the sensor, which causes image distortion of the captured image in the saturated region of light intensity and seriously affects the quality of information transmission.

zh-cn	为了改善高反光成像饱和区域中数据丢失的状况，该文结合压缩感知这一新的采样理论提出基于压缩感知高反光成像方法，利用特定测量矩阵对目标图像进行线性采样，将CCD图像传感器的单个光强采样值与测量矩阵中的分布数据对应结合，对整合后的数据用算法进行恢复重建实现被测目标在高光环境中成像。
en-us	In order to improve the data loss in the high-reflection imaging saturation region, a compression-sensing of high-reflection imaging method based on the new sampling theory of compressed sensing is proposed. A specificmeasurement matrix is used to conduct linear sampling of the target image, and the single light intensitysampling value of the CCD image sensor is combined with the distribution data in the measurement matrix,and the integrated data is restored and reconstructed with the algorithm to achieve the imaging of themeasured target in the high-light environment.

zh-cn	以峰值信噪比和灰度直方图作为客观评定标准。
en-us	The peak signal to noise ratio and gray histogram are used asobjective evaluation criteria.

zh-cn	实验表明，该成像方法鲁棒性较强、可行性较高，直方图检测饱和像素占比为0%，峰值信噪比为58.37 dB实现了在高光环境下不含饱和光成像，为压缩感知在成像应用中提供了新的方向。
en-us	Experiments show that this imaging method is robust and feasible, with theproportion of saturated pixels in histogram detection 0% and the peak signal to noise ratio 58.37 dB, realizingthe imaging without saturated light in the high-light environment, providing a new direction for the applicationof compressed sensing in imaging.

zh-cn	忆阻器作为一种非易失性的新型电路元件，在数字逻辑电路中具有良好的应用前景。
en-us	As a new non-volatile electronic device, memristor has a good application prospect in digital logic circuits.

zh-cn	目前，基于忆阻器的逻辑电路主要涉及全加器、乘法器以及异或(XOR)和同或(XNOR)门等研究，其中对于忆阻乘法器的研究仍比较少。
en-us	At present, memristor based logic circuits mainly involve the research of full adder, multiplier, exclusive-OR (XOR) and equivalence (XNOR), etc., among which there is little research on memristor based multiplier.

zh-cn	该文采用两种不同方式来设计基于忆阻器的2位二进制乘法器电路。
en-us	The 2-bit binary multiplier circuit is designed in two different ways based on memristor.

zh-cn	一种是利用改进的“异或”及“与”多功能逻辑模块，设计了一个2位二进制乘法器电路，另一种是结合新型的比例逻辑，即由一个忆阻器和一个NMOS管构成的单元门电路设计了一个2位二进制乘法器。
en-us	One is to design a 2-bit binary multiplier circuit by using the improved XOR and AND multifunctional logic modules. The other is to design a 2-bit binary multiplier by combining a new type of ratio logic, i.e. a unit gate circuitconsisting of one memristor and one NMOS transistor.

zh-cn	对于所设计的两种乘法器进行了比较，并通过LTSPICS仿真进行验证。
en-us	The two multipliers are compared and validated by LTSPICS simulation.

zh-cn	该文所设计的乘法器仅使用了2个N型金属-氧化物-半导体(NMOS)以及18个忆阻器(另一种为6个NMOS和28个忆阻器)，相比于过去的忆阻乘法器，减少了大量晶体管的使用。
en-us	The multiplier designed in this paper only uses 2 N-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (NMOS)and 18 memristors (the other is 6 NMOS and 28 memristors). Compared with previous memristor basedmultipliers, the multipliers in this paper reduce the number of transistors.

zh-cn	忆阻器是除电阻、电容、电感之外发现的第4种基本电子元件，它是一种具有记忆特性的非线性器件，可用于混沌、存储器、神经网络等电路与系统的实现。
en-us	Memristor is the fourth basic electronic component in addition to resistor, capacitor and inductor. Itis a nonlinear device with memory characteristics, which can be used to design chaotic circuits, memory devices and neural networks.

zh-cn	该文对基于忆阻器的混沌电路、存储器、神经网络电路的设计与神经动力学的国内外研究进行了综述，并给出了对它们的研究展望。
en-us	The design of memristor-based chaos circuits, memory and neural systems, and some research of neural dynamics in this field are reviewed, and their research prospects are also given.

zh-cn	采用非理想有源电压控制忆阻器和磁通控制型光滑3次非线性忆阻器，该文设计了一种不含电感的简单(只含5个电子元器件)双忆阻混沌电路。
en-us	A simple two-memristor chaotic circuit without inductance (only five electronic components) is designed by using a non-ideal active voltage control memristor and a flux-controlled smooth cubic nonlinear memristor.

zh-cn	采用常规的非线性分析手段详细研究了电路参数变化时系统的基本动力学行为，例如平衡点稳定性分析，相轨图以及李雅普诺夫指数谱和分岔图等。
en-us	When the circuit parameters change, the basic dynamic behaviors of the system are studied in detailby the means of conventional nonlinear analysis, such as the analysis of equilibrium stability, phase diagram,Lyapunov exponent spectrum and bifurcation diagram.

zh-cn	通过调节系统控制参数，该系统可产生多涡卷、多翼以及暂态混沌等十分丰富的动力学现象。
en-us	With the parameters changing, the proposed system canproduce various phenomena of dynamics such as multi-scrolls, multi-wings and transient transition behaviors.

zh-cn	此外，还研究了系统依赖于忆阻器初始状态的多稳态，得到了一些有意义的结果。
en-us	Furthermore, the multistability characteristics of the system are also studied in the condition of changing theinitial state of two memristors in system respectively, and some meaningful results are obtained.

zh-cn	为验证电路的可行性及稳定性，通过对忆阻器的模拟等效电路的搭建，并将该等效电路应用于所提出的混沌电路中，硬件电路实验结果以及Multisim电路仿真结果与理论分析一致。
en-us	In order toverify the feasibility and stability of the circuit, the analog equivalent circuit of each memristor is constructed,and it is applied to the proposed chaotic circuit. The experimental results of the hardware circuit and thecircuit simulation results of the Multisim are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.

zh-cn	针对脉冲噪声中的信号检测问题，该文提出一种基于指数函数的非线性变换函数设计与优化方法。
en-us	A novel design of nonlinear transformation function for the signal detection in impulsive noise is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法利用指数函数衰减速度可调的优点，适用于脉冲噪声的各种分布模型。
en-us	The proposed method takes the advantage of adjustable fading factors of the exponential function,it can be effective for different models of impulsive noise.

zh-cn	通过引入效能函数，将非线性函数设计问题转化为以效能最大化为目标的阈值与底数参数优化问题。
en-us	By introducing the efficacy as the objective function,nonlinear design is converted into the problem of optimizing the threshold and bottom parameters to maximizethe efficacy.

zh-cn	由于效能是关于待优化参数的连续可导且单峰函数，该优化问题可采用数值优化方法如单纯形法快速稳健地求解。
en-us	Since the efficacy is continuous, derivative, and unimodal, the optimization problem can be easily solved by the traditional optimization methods, such as the Nelder-Mead simplex method.

zh-cn	性能分析表明，针对脉冲噪声常用的对称α稳定分布、Class A分布和高斯混合分布，该文方法均能取得基本最优检测性能，基于实测大气噪声仿真的通信误码率也明显优于传统的削波器和置零器。
en-us	Analysis shows that the proposed design can obtain the optimal performance in the widely-used models of impulsive noise, including the symmetric α-stable model, the Class A model, and the Gaussian mixture model. Simulation on real atmospheric noise demonstrates that the proposed design is obviously better than the traditional clipper andblanker.

zh-cn	因此，该文为各种分布的脉冲噪声提供了一个统一的最优抑制解决方法。
en-us	Thus, this paper proposes an optimal and uniform solution for suppressing impulsive noise of variousmodels.

zh-cn	该文针对干扰源以及窃听节点均随机分布的通信场景，分析了认知无线电启发式非正交多址接入(CR-NOMA)网络中次用户通信对的安全通信性能。
en-us	This paper analyzes the security communication performance of secondary user communication pairs in Cognitive Radio Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (CR-NOMA) networks, where interference sources and eavesdropping nodes are randomly distributed.

zh-cn	采用随机几何理论，将窃听节点和干扰节点建模为服从特定分布的齐次泊松点过程(PPP)。
en-us	The stochastic geometry theory is used to model the eavesdropping nodes and the interfering nodes as a homogeneous Poisson Point Processes (PPP).

zh-cn	首先，在保证主用户通信对通信可靠性的前提下，得到了发端设定的功率分配系数，进一步得到了次用户通信对的连接中断概率和安全中断概率的闭式表达式。
en-us	Firstly, to ensure the reliability of the primary user communication pairs, the power allocation coefficient set of the sender is obtained, and the closed expressions of the connection outage probability and the secrecy outage probability of the secondary user are further obtained.

zh-cn	随后，得到了功率分配系数随主用户可靠性能约束的变化规律。
en-us	Then, the variation of the power distribution coefficient with the constraint of the primary user’s reliability is analyzed.

zh-cn	最后，研究了次用户对的中断概率随着窃听节点密度、发端发送功率的变化情况，结果表明干扰信号的增强在降低网络可靠性能的同时，换来了安全性能的提高。
en-us	Finally, the relationship between outage probability of secondary user communication pairs and the density of the eavesdropping nodes and the transmission power is studied. The research shows that the enhancement of interfering signal reduces the reliability of the system, but brings about a significant improvement of security performance.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性。
en-us	The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

zh-cn	为降低现有的共心式矢量传感器阵列天线间存在的严重互耦影响，进一步提高参数估计精度，该文提出一种稀疏拉伸式L型极化敏感阵列(SSL-PSA)，并针对该阵列提出一种2维波达方向(DOA)和极化参数联合估计算法。
en-us	In order to reduce the serious mutual coupling effect across the elements of the existing collocatedvector sensor array and further improve the parameter estimation accuracy, a Sparsely Stretched L-shapedPolarization Sensitive Array (SSL-PSA) is proposed, and a novel method for estimating the azimuth-elevationangles as well as polarization parameters is presented accordingly.

zh-cn	首先建立稀疏拉伸式极化敏感阵列的信号模型，然后将阵列划分为6个子阵，采用子空间旋转不变算法(ESPRIT)算法得到多个旋转不变因子(RIFs)，再根据旋转不变因子间的关系，通过数学运算，得到一组方向余弦有模糊精估计值和4组无模糊粗估计值；
en-us	Firstly, the signal model of SSL-PSA is established. Then, the SSL-PSA is divided into 6 subarrays, thus the ESPRIT algorithm can be utilized to estimate the Rotational Invariant Factors (RIFs). On this basis, a set of fine but ambiguous estimates and four sets of unambiguous coarse estimates of direction cosine are obtained by a series of mathematical operations.

zh-cn	然后重构出对应的4组导向矢量，根据导向矢量和噪声子空间的正交性，确定出正确的一组无模糊粗估计值；
en-us	Then, four corresponding steering vectors can be reconstructed and the correct coarse direction-cosineestimation can be determined according to the orthogonality of the steering vector and the noise subspace.

zh-cn	最后通过现有的解模糊方法得到高精度且无模糊的DOA和极化参数估计值。
en-us	Finally, the estimates of Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) and polarization parameter can be achieved by the existing disambiguate method.

zh-cn	该文所提阵列不存在共心结构，相对于现有的含有共心式矢量传感器结构的阵列，大大降低了互耦影响，且可在不增加天线数目的前提下，有效扩展阵列的2维孔径，大大提高DOA估计精度。
en-us	Compared to the existing polarization sensitive array consists of collocatedvector sensor, the proposed one has no collocated configuration, which can reduce the mutual coupling effect.Additionally, the proposed method can also extend the spatial aperture and refine the direction-findingaccuracy without adding any redundant antennas.

zh-cn	仿真结果证明该文所提方法的有效性。
en-us	Simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

zh-cn	为了提高强非线性信号的噪声消除和信道均衡能力，在核学习自适应滤波方法的基础上，该文提出一种基于惊奇准则的多尺度核学习仿射投影滤波方法(SC-MKAPA)。
en-us	In order to improve the ability of noise elimination and channel equalization of strong non-linearsignals, a Multi-scale Kernels learning Affine Projection filtering Algorithm based on Surprise Criterion (SC-MKAPA) is proposed on the basis of kernel learning adaptive filtering method.

zh-cn	在核仿射投影滤波算法的基础上，对核组合函数结构进行改进，将多个不同高斯核带宽作为可变参数，与加权系数共同参与滤波器的更新；
en-us	Based on the kernel affineprojection filtering algorithm, the structure of the kernel combination function is improved, and the bandwidthsof several different Gaussian kernels are taken as variable parameters to participate in the update of the filtertogether with the weighted coefficients.

zh-cn	利用惊奇准则将计算结果稀疏化，根据仿射投影算法的约束条件对惊奇测度进行改进，简化其方差项，降低了计算的复杂度。
en-us	The calculation results are sparsed by using the surprise criterion, and the surprise measure is improved according to the constraints of the affine projection algorithm, which simplifies the variance term and reduces the calculation complexity.

zh-cn	将该算法应用于噪声消除、信道均衡以及MG时间序列预测中，与多种自适应滤波算法及核学习自适应滤波算法进行仿真结果的对比分析，验证了该算法的优越性。
en-us	The algorithm is applied to noisecancellation, channel equalization, and Mackey Glass (MG) time series prediction. The simulation results are compared with the traditional adaptive filtering algorithm and the kernel learning adaptive filtering algorithm, it proves the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	针对移动机器人导航过程中无法规避大型凹型障碍物问题，该文提出一种多状态的组合导航算法。
en-us	For the problem that mobile robot can not avoid large concave obstacles during navigation, this paper proposes a multi-state integrated navigation algorithm.

zh-cn	算法按照不同的运动环境，将移动机器人的运行状态分类为运行态、切换态、避障态，同时定义了基于移动机器人运行速度和运行时间的状态双切换条件。
en-us	The algorithm classifies the running state of mobile robot into running state, switching state and obstacle avoidance state according to different moving environment, and defines the state double switching conditions based on the running speed and running time ofthe mobile robot.

zh-cn	当移动机器人处于运行态时，采用人工势场法(APFM)进行导航，并实时观测毗邻障碍物的几何构型。
en-us	The Artificial Potential Field Method (APFM) is used to navigate and observe the geometric configuration of adjacent obstacles in real time.

zh-cn	在遭遇障碍物时，切换态用于判断是否满足状态切换条件，以进入避障态执行避障算法。
en-us	When encountering an obstacle, the switching state is used to determine whether the state switching condition is satisfied, and the obstacle avoidance algorithm is executed to enter the obstacle avoidance state and enter the obstacle avoidance state to implement the obstacle avoidance algorithm.

zh-cn	避障完成后，状态自动切换回运行态继续执行导航任务。
en-us	After the obstacle avoidance is completed, the state automatically switches back to therunning state to continue the navigation task.

zh-cn	多状态的提出，可有效解决传统人工势场法在大型凹形障碍物的避障过程中存在局部震荡的问题。
en-us	The proposal of multi-state can solve the problem of localoscillation of traditional artificial potential field method in the process of avoiding large concave obstacles.

zh-cn	基于运行速度和运行时间的双切换条件判定算法，可实现多状态间的平滑切换。
en-us	Furthermore, the double-switching condition determination algorithm based on running speed and running time can realize smooth switching between states and optimize the path.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该算法在解决局部震荡问题的同时，还可降低避障时间，提升导航算法效率。
en-us	The experimental results show that thealgorithm can not only solve the local oscillation problem, but also reduce the obstacle avoidance time andimprove the efficiency of the navigation algorithm.

zh-cn	该文提出了一种忆阻高通滤波电路，它是由有源高通RC滤波器与二极管桥级联LC振荡器的忆阻模拟器并联耦合组成的。
en-us	A memristive high-pass filter circuit is presented, which is composed of an active high-pass RC filterparallelly coupling with a memristor emulator of diode-bridge cascaded by LC oscillator.

zh-cn	该文建立了电路方程与系统模型。
en-us	The circuit equationsand system model are established.

zh-cn	基于分岔图、相平面图、庞加莱映射等数值仿真，开展了以反馈增益为可调参数的分岔分析，揭示了忆阻高通滤波电路中存在的准周期、混沌环面、混沌和多周期等簇发振荡行为。
en-us	Based on bifurcation diagram, phase plane plot, and Poincaré mapping, bifurcation analysis with the feedback gain as adjustable parameter is performed, from which bursting oscillating behaviors including quasi-period, chaotic-torus, chaos, and multiple period that exist in such amemristive high-pass filter circuit are disclosed.

zh-cn	进一步地，通过快慢分析法，导出了快子系统的Hopf分岔集，并进而阐述了忆阻高通滤波电路慢通道效应的形成机理。
en-us	Furthermore, through fast-slow analysis method, Hopfbifurcation set of the fast sub-system is derived, with which the formation mechanism of slow passage effect inthe memristive high-pass filter circuit is expounded.

zh-cn	最后，基于Multisim电路仿真验证了数值仿真结果。
en-us	Finally, the numerical simulation results are validatedbased on Multisim circuit simulations.

zh-cn	该文简要概述了忆阻器理论的提出、应用现状及其在电子技术领域发展的现状，介绍了忆阻器在数字逻辑电路设计中的重要意义，并结合惠普(HP)忆阻器的二值特性及其电路特性，对忆阻器在数字逻辑电路设计中的发展、趋势及可应用前景进行了综述，可为忆阻器在数字逻辑电路中的后续研究及相关应用提供一定的参考。
en-us	A brief overview of the theory of memristor, the state of applied research and its current status in thefield of electronic technology are proposed. The importance of memristor in the design of digital logic circuits isalso introduced. Combined with the binary characteristics and circuit characteristics of Hewlett Packard(HP)memristor, the development status, trend and applicable prospects of memristor in digital logic circuit design are reviewed，which provide certain reference for further research based on memristor in digital logic circuit design and other related applications.

zh-cn	该文报道了3神经元Hopfield神经网络(HNN)在电磁感应电流作用下的初值敏感动力学。
en-us	The initial sensitive dynamics in a Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) with three neurons under theaction of electromagnetic induction current is reported.

zh-cn	利用非理想忆阻突触，模拟由两个相邻神经元膜电位之差引起的电磁感应电流，构建了一种简单的4维忆阻Hopfield神经网络模型。
en-us	A simple 4-D memristive HNN is constructed by using anon-ideal memristor synapse to imitate the electromagnetic induction current caused by membrane potential difference between two adjacent neurons.

zh-cn	借助理论分析和数值仿真，分析了不同忆阻突触耦合强度下的复杂动力学行为，揭示了与状态初值密切相关的特殊动力学行为。
en-us	By means of theoretical analyses and numerical simulations, the complex dynamical behaviors under different coupling strengths of the memristor synapse are researched, and special phenomena closely related to the initial values are revealed.

zh-cn	最后，设计了该忆阻HNN的模拟等效实现电路，并由PSIM电路仿真验证了MATLAB数值仿真的正确性。
en-us	Finally, the analog equivalent realizationcircuit of the memristive HNN model is designed, and the correctness of MATLAB numerical simulation isverified by PSIM circuit simulations.

zh-cn	SIMON系列算法自提出以来便受到了广泛关注。
en-us	The SIMON block cipher receives extensive attention since its proposed.

zh-cn	积分分析方面，Wang，Fu和Chu等人给出了SIMON32和SIMON48算法的积分分析，该文在已有的分析结果上，进一步考虑了更长分组的SIMON64算法的积分分析。
en-us	With respect to integralattacks, some integral attacks on SIMON32 and SIMON48 are presented by Wang, Fu and Chu et al. In thispaper, on the basis of the existing analysis results, the integral attacks on SIMON64 are further studied.

zh-cn	基于Xiang等人找到的18轮积分区分器，该文先利用中间相遇技术和部分和技术给出了25轮SIMON64/128算法的积分分析，接着利用等价密钥技术进一步降低了攻击过程中需要猜测的密钥量，并给出了26轮SIMON64/128算法的积分分析。
en-us	Based on known 18-round integral distinguisher presented by Xiang et al., the integral attacks on 25-roundSIMON64/128 are presented using meet-in-the-middle and partial-sum techniques. Then the amount of subkeysthat need to be guessed during the attack is further reduced by equivalent-subkey technique, and the improvedintegral attacks on 26-round SIMON64/128 are also presented.

zh-cn	通过进一步的分析，该文发现高版本的SIMON算法具有更好抵抗积分分析的能力。
en-us	Through further analysis, it is found that the higher version of SIMON algorithm has better resistance to integral analysis.

zh-cn	在新兴的车联网络中，汽车终端请求卸载的任务对网络带宽、卸载时延等有着更加严苛的需求，而新型通信网络研究中移动边缘计算(MEC)的提出更好地解决了这一挑战。
en-us	In the emerging vehicular networks, the task of the car terminal requesting offloading has morestringent requirements for network bandwidth and offload delay, and the proposed Mobile Edge Computing(MEC) in the new communication network research solves better this challenge.

zh-cn	该文着重解决的是汽车终端进行任务卸载时卸载对象的匹配问题。
en-us	This paper focuses onmatching the offloaded objects when the car terminal performs the task offloading.

zh-cn	文中引入了软件定义车载网络(SDN-V)对全局变量统一调度，实现了资源控制管理、设备信息采集以及任务信息分析。
en-us	By introducing theSoftware-Defined in-Vehicle Network (SDN-V) to schedule uniformly global variables, which realizes resourcecontrol management, device information collection and task information analysis.

zh-cn	基于用户任务的差异化性质，定义了重要度的模型，在此基础上，通过设计任务卸载优先级机制算法，实现任务优先级划分。
en-us	Based on the differentiatednature of user tasks, a model of importance is defined. On this basis, task priority is divided by designing thetask to offload the priority mechanism.

zh-cn	针对多目标优化模型，采用乘子法对非凸优化模型进行求解。
en-us	For the multi-objective optimization model, the non-convexoptimization model is solved by the multiplier method.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与其他卸载策略相比，该文所提卸载机制对时延和能耗优化效果明显，能够最大程度地保证用户的效益。
en-us	The simulation results show that compared with otheroffloading strategies, the proposed offloading mechanism has obvious effects on delay and energy consumptionoptimization, which can guarantee the benefit of users to the greatest extent.

zh-cn	机载外辐射源雷达系统中，部署在飞机上的观测站传感器位置无法精确获知，观测站位置误差将严重影响目标定位精度。
en-us	An observer is placed on the airborne in the multistatic passive radar localization system. The errorin observer position may seriously affect the localization accuracy.

zh-cn	对此，该文提出一种观测站位置误差下多基外辐射源雷达3维定位代数解算法。
en-us	An algebraic closed-form solution is proposed for 3D localization of multistatic passive radar in the presence of sensor position errors.

zh-cn	该算法首先利用辅助变量将非线性双基距离和差(BRD)观测方程进行线性化，构造伪线性目标估计模型。
en-us	Firstly, the nonlinearBistatic Range Difference (BRD) measurement equations are linearized by proper additional parameters and apseudo-linear estimation model is given accordingly.

zh-cn	然后将观测站位置量测噪声的统计特性融入定位算法，提出一种改进两步加权最小二乘(TS-WLS)算法实现观测站位置误差下外辐射源雷达目标定位。
en-us	Then a modified Two-Step Weighted Least Squares (TS-WLS) algorithm is developed with considering the statistic characteristics of the observer position measurementnoises.

zh-cn	最后推导了克拉美罗下界(CRLB)和算法的理论误差。
en-us	Finally the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) and the theoretical error of the algorithm are derived.

zh-cn	仿真结果显示，在适中的BRD量测误差和观测站位置误差下，所提算法的目标定位性能能够达到CRLB。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the CRLB in a moderate level of noises.

zh-cn	针对地磁背景下磁偶极子目标跟踪过程中存在的地磁干扰与模型非线性的问题，该文提出一种基于差量磁异常的蒙特卡洛卡尔曼滤波(MCKF)跟踪方法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of geomagnetic interference and model nonlinearity in the trackingprocess of magnetic dipole under geomagnetic background, Monte Carlo Kalman Filter (MCKF) trackingmethod based on differential magnetic anomaly is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	新的跟踪方法以传感器阵列测量磁场的差量作为观测信号，并利用蒙特卡洛卡尔曼滤波算法解决模型的非线性问题，实现磁偶极子目标的实时跟踪。
en-us	The new tracking method takes thedifference of magnetic field measured by sensor array as the observation signal, and uses Monte Carlo KalmanFiltering (MCKF) algorithm to solve the nonlinear problem of the model to realize the real-time tracking ofmagnetic dipole targets.

zh-cn	通过仿真跟踪实验，结果表明该文算法较传统的扩展或无迹卡尔曼滤波算法在稳定跟踪过程中对目标特征参数的估计更精确；
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method is more accurate than thetraditional Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) or Untracked Kalman Filter (UKF) in the stable tracking process.

zh-cn	通过地磁背景跟踪实验，结果验证了该文算法较传统算法在低信噪比下的性能优势。
en-us	The results of real geomagnetic background tracking experiments show that the proposed algorithm has bettertracking performance under low SNR.

zh-cn	针对目前基于度量学习的小样本方法存在特征提取尺度单一，类特征学习不准确，相似性计算依赖标准度量等问题，该文提出多级注意力特征网络。
en-us	Existing few-shot methods have problems that feature extraction scale is single, the learned classrepresentations are inaccurate, the similarity calculation still relies on standard metrics. In order to solve the above problems, multi-level attention feature network is proposed.

zh-cn	首先对图像进行尺度处理获得多个尺度图像；其次通过图像级注意力机制融合所提取的多个尺度图像特征获取图像级注意力特征；
en-us	Firstly, the multiple scale images areobtained by scale processing, the features of multiple scale images are extracted and the image-level attentionfeatures are obtained by the image-level attention mechanism to fusion them.

zh-cn	在此基础上使用类级注意机制学习每个类的类级注意力特征。
en-us	Then, class-level attentionfeatures are learned by using the class-level attention mechanism.

zh-cn	最后通过网络计算样本特征与每个类的类级注意力特征的相似性分数来预测分类。
en-us	Finally, the classification is performed byusing the network to compute the similarity scores between features.

zh-cn	该文在Omni-glot和MiniImageNet两个数据集上验证多级注意力特征网络的有效性。
en-us	The proposed method is evaluated on the Omniglot dataset and the MiniImagenet dataset.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，相比于单一尺度图像特征和均值类原型，多级注意力特征网络进一步提高了小样本条件下的分类准确率。
en-us	The experimental results show that multi-level attention feature network can further improve the classification accuracy under small sample conditions compared to the single-scale image features and average prototypes.

zh-cn	在方位多通道SAR系统中，由于运动目标的回波特性和静止目标的不同，传统的重构滤波器组方法对运动目标的重建是无效的。
en-us	Since the echo characteristics of moving targets are different from that of stationary targets, thetraditional reconstruction filter bank algorithm, i.e., the reconstruction filter algorithm, is not applicable.

zh-cn	该文提出一种方位多通道SAR运动目标信号重构方法。
en-us	In thispaper, a novel reconstruction approach of the moving target for a multichannel in azimuth High-ResolutionWide-Swath (HRWS) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system is proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先分析了方位多通道SAR系统中运动目标回波特性，并与静止目标回波形式进行对比，给出了传统重构方法失效的主要原因；
en-us	The approach firstly analyzes the echo characteristics of the moving target for the multi-channel in azimuth SAR system and gives the main reason for the failure of the traditional reconstruction method in contrast to the form of the stationary target echo.

zh-cn	通过引入运动目标的径向速度参数，有效实现了匀速运动目标的频谱重构，较好地抑制了方位多通道SAR系统中匀速运动目标的方位模糊。
en-us	By introducing the radial velocity of the moving target, the spectrum reconstruction of the uniformmoving target is effectively realized, and the azimuth ambiguities of the uniform moving target for the multi-channel in azimuth SAR system is well suppressed.

zh-cn	星载仿真实验结果验证了该重构方法的有效性。
en-us	Space-borne simulated results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed reconstruction approach.

zh-cn	为改善包络跟踪(ET)发射机带宽、效率、线性度等指标，需优化其关键电路性能并校正系统非线性行为。
en-us	To improve bandwidth, efficiency and linearity of Envelope Tracking (ET) architecture, it is necessary to optimize the performance of envelope supply modulator and linearize nonlinear behavior of the ET system.

zh-cn	针对该问题，该文构建电源调制器等效模型，推导其效率极值并阐述效率优化方法；引入频率补偿网络来提升电路带宽及线性性能；基于系统非线性行为特征，提出包络增强型数字预失真模型及线性化方案；
en-us	The optimization procedure of the supply modulator is proposed based on the equivalent circuit model.The frequency compensation network is used to improve the bandwidth and linearity of the modulator circuit.An envelope enhanced memory polynomial digital pre-distortion model is introduced to address the nonlineardistortion of the ET system.

zh-cn	设计实际电路并搭建包络跟踪系统。
en-us	The practical circuit mentioned above is fabricated and the overall experimentalsystem is set up.

zh-cn	对于S频段5/10/20 MHz带宽6.7 dB峰均比测试信号，该系统功放平均效率分别为61%,54%, 44%，且矢量幅度误差(EVM)均优于1%，具有较好的带宽、效率、线性度等性能，验证了电路优化方法及非线性行为校正方案的可行性。
en-us	Measurement results show that the ET PA at S-band obtains measured efficiency 61%, 54%,44% and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) 1% for 6.7 dB PAPR signals with 5 MHz/10 MHz/20 MHzmodulation bandwidths, respectively. The ET system exhibits competitive bandwidth, efficiency and linearity,which verifies the proposed optimization and linearization methodology.

zh-cn	移动边缘计算(MEC)中计算卸载决策可能暴露用户特征，导致用户被锁定。
en-us	The decision on computation offloading to Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) may expose user’s characteristics and cause the user to be locked.

zh-cn	针对此问题，该文提出一种基于Lyapunov优化的隐私感知计算卸载方法。
en-us	A privacy-aware computation offloading method based onLyapunov optimization is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，该方法定义卸载任务中的隐私量，并引入隐私限制使各MEC节点上卸载任务的累积隐私量尽可能小；
en-us	Firstly, the privacy of task is defined, and privacy restrictionsare introduced to minimize the cumulative privacy of each MEC node;

zh-cn	然后，提出假任务机制权衡终端能耗和隐私保护的关系，当系统因隐私限制无法正常执行计算卸载时，在MEC节点生成虚假的卸载任务以降低累积隐私量；
en-us	Then, the fake task mechanism is proposed to balance the terminal energy consumption and privacy protection, reducing the cumulative privacy of MEC node by generating a fake task non-feature task when offloading is not performed due to privacy restrictions;

zh-cn	最后，建立隐私感知计算卸载模型，并基于Lyapunov优化原理求解。
en-us	Finally, the privacy-aware computing offloading decision is modeled and solved based on theLyapunov optimization.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，基于Lyapunov优化的隐私感知卸载算法(LPOA)能使用户的累积隐私量稳定在0附近，且总卸载频率与不考虑隐私的决策一致，有效保护了用户隐私，同时保持了较低的平均能耗。
en-us	Simulation results validate that the Lyapunov optimization-based Privacy-awareOffloading Algorithm (LPOA) can stabilize user’s privacy near zero, and the total offloading frequency is consistent with the decision that don’t consider privacy, effectively protecting user’s privacy while maintaining a low average energy consumption.

zh-cn	为根本消除欠采样宽频谱分析中的伪峰副效应，该文提出基于并行全相位点通滤波的高性能互素谱分析方法。
en-us	In order to completely remove the spurious-peak side effect in the undersampling based wide-bandspectral analysis, this paper proposes a high-performance co-prime spectral analysis method based on paralleledall-phase point-pass filtering.

zh-cn	通过剖析经典互素谱分析的机理，指出产生伪峰效应的根源在于上、下通道的多相滤波支路之间存在多余的重叠边界频带。
en-us	On basis of a deep analysis on the mechanism of the classical co-prime spectralanalysis, it is discovered that this spurious-peak side effect arises from those redudant overlapping boundary-bands related to distinct polyphase filtering branches between the up data path and the down data path.

zh-cn	故借助全相位点通滤波器组来取代经典互素谱的原型滤波器，并且推导出基于并行点通滤波的互素谱分析流程。
en-us	Therefore, through replacing the prototype filters in the classical co-prime spectral analysis by the all-phasepoint-pass filtering banks, a novel co-prime analysis dataflow is derived based on paralleled all-phase point-passfiltering.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真实验均表明，新的方法显著改善谱分析性能：不仅从根本上消除了伪峰产生的可能，而且相比于经典互素谱分析还大大提升了谱分辨率，从而具有较高的密集谱成分辨识性能。
en-us	Both theoretic analysis and numerical simulation show that the proposed spectral analysis methodachieves remarkable performance improvement: it can not only completely remove the spurious-peak side effect,but also obtain a much higher spectral resolution than the classical co-prime analysis, thereby possessinganother merit of distinguishing dense spectral components.

zh-cn	在软件无线电、雷达探测、无源定位、海事无线电等领域有广泛应用前景。
en-us	The proposed spectral analysis method possessesvast potentials in the software-defined radio, radar detection, passive positioning and marine wirelesscommunication etc.

zh-cn	该文提出一种新型的集成TSK模糊分类器(IK-D-TSK)，首先通过并行学习的方式组织所有0阶TSK模糊子分类器，然后每个子分类器的输出被扩充到原始(验证)输入空间，最后通过提出的迭代模糊聚类算法(IFCM)作用在增强验证集上生成数据字典，从而利用KNN对测试数据进行快速预测。
en-us	A new ensemble TSK fuzzy classifier (i,e. IK-D-TSK) is proposed. First, all zero-order TSK fuzzysub-classifiers are organized in a parallel way, then the output of each sub-classifier is augmented to the original(validation) input space, finally, the proposed Iterative Fuzzy C-Means (IFCM) clustering algorithm generatesdictionary data on augmented validation dataset, and then KNN is used to predict the result for test data.

zh-cn	IK-D-TSK具有以下优点：在IK-D-TSK中，每个0阶TSK子分类器的输出被扩充到原始入空间，以并行方式打开原始(验证)输入空间中存在的流形结构，根据堆栈泛化原理，可以保证提高分类精度；
en-us	IK-D-TSK has the following advantages: the output of each zero-order TSK subclassifier is augmented to theoriginal input space to open the manifold structure in parallel, according to the principle of stack generalization,the classification accuracy can be improved;

zh-cn	和传统TSK模糊分类器相比，IK-D-TSK以并行方式训练所有的子分类器，因此运行速度可以得到有效保证；
en-us	Compared with traditional TSK fuzzy classifiers which trainssequentially, IK-D-TSK trains all the sub-classifiers in parallel, so the running speed can be effectivelyguaranteed;

zh-cn	由于IK-D-TSK是在以IFCM & KNN所获得的数据字典的基础上进行分类的，因此具有强鲁棒性。
en-us	Because IK-D-TSK works based on dictionary data obtained by IFCM & KNN, it has strong robustness.

zh-cn	理论和实验验证了模糊分类器IK-D-TSK具有较高的分类性能、强鲁棒性和高可解释性。
en-us	The theoretical and experimental results show that IK-D-TSK has high classification performance,strong robustness and high interpretability.

zh-cn	针对实时系统能耗管理中动态电压调节(DVS)技术的应用会导致系统可靠性下降的问题，该文提出一种基于改进鸟群(IoBSA)算法的动态能耗管理法。
en-us	The application of Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) technique in real-time system energymanagement will result in the decrease of system reliability. A dynamic energy management method based onImproved Bird Swarm Algorithm (IoBSA) is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，采用佳点集原理均匀地初始化种群，从而提高初始解的质量，有效增强种群多样性；
en-us	Firstly, the population is initializeduniformly with the principle of good point set, so as to improve the quality of initial solution and increase thediversity of population effectively.

zh-cn	其次，为了更好地平衡BSA算法的全局和局部搜索能力，提出非线性动态调整因子；
en-us	Secondly, in order to balance better the global and local search ability ofBSA algorithm, the nonlinear dynamic adjustment factor is proposed.

zh-cn	接着，针对嵌入式实时系统中处理器频率可以动态调整的特点，建立具有时间和可靠性约束的功耗模型；
en-us	Then, a power consumption model withtime and reliability constraints is established for the dynamic adjustment of processor frequency in embeddedreal-time systems.

zh-cn	最后，在保证实时性和稳定性的前提下，利用提出的IoBSA算法，寻求最小能耗的解决方案。
en-us	On the premise of ensuring real-time performance and stability, the proposed IoBSA algorithm is used to find the solution with minimum energy consumption.

zh-cn	通过实验结果表明，与传统BSA等常见算法相比，改进鸟群算法在求解最小能耗上有着很强的优势及较快的处理速度。
en-us	The experimental results show that compared with the traditional BSA algorithm and other common algorithms, the improved bird swarm algorithm has a strong advantage in solving the minimum energy consumption and a fast processing speed energy management.

zh-cn	通过对基于复合域S-box构造算法的深入研究，该文提出一种低面积复杂度的通用低熵高阶掩码算法。
en-us	Based on the in-depth research on the S-box constitution arithmetic of composite, an area optimizedgeneric low-entropy higher-order masking scheme is proposed in this paper.

zh-cn	在有限域GF(24)上引入低熵掩码思想，并采用部分模块复用设计，有效降低了基于复合域S-box求逆运算的乘法数量。
en-us	The low entropy masking method isintroduced on GF(24), and the partial module reusing design is adopted, which reduces effectively the numberof multiplications based on the S-box inversion operation of the composite.

zh-cn	该算法能够适用于由求逆运算构成的任意分组加密算法，进一步将本方案应用于分组加密算法高级加密标准(AES)，给出了详细的综合仿真结果并进行了版图面积优化，较传统的掩码方案相比有效减少了逻辑资源的使用，此外，对其安全性进行了理论验证。
en-us	The algorithm can be applied to anyorder masking scheme of arbitrary S-box composed of inversion operation. This scheme is applied to AES, givesdetailed simulation results and optimizes the layout area, compared with the traditional masking scheme,reduces effectively the use of logical resources. In addition, the security is theoretically proved.

zh-cn	跨广域网的虚拟机实时迁移是多数据中心云计算环境的重要技术支撑。
en-us	Live migration of Virtual Machines(VMs) across WANs is an important support for multi-data center cloud computing environments.

zh-cn	当前跨广域网的虚拟机实时迁移受到带宽小和无共享存储的限制而面临着技术挑战，如镜像数据迁移的安全性和一致性问题。
en-us	The current live migration of VMs across WANs faces many technical challenges due to the limitations of small bandwidth and no shared storage, such as ensuring the security and consistency of image data migration.

zh-cn	为此，该文提出基于哈希图(HashGraph)的跨数据中心虚拟机实时迁移方法，运用去中心化的思想，实现数据中心之间可靠和高效的镜像信息分布式共享。
en-us	Therefore, a method for VM live migration across data centers based onHashGraph is proposed in this paper, decentralized ideas are used to achieve reliable and efficient image distribution between data centers.

zh-cn	通过HashGraph中Merkle DAG存储结构，改善了重复数据删除在跨数据中心迁移虚拟机镜像时的缺陷。
en-us	The Merkle DAG of HashGraph improves the deficiencies of deduplicationwhen migrating images across data centers.

zh-cn	与现有方法相比，该文方法缩短了总迁移时间。
en-us	Compared with existing methods, it can reduce total migration time.

zh-cn	在被动毫米波 (PMMW) 成像焦平面阵列 (FPA) 馈源的天线中，直线渐变缝隙天线 (LTSA) 相对于传统的喇叭天线、介质棒天线具有其独特的优势。
en-us	Linear Tapered Slot Antennas (TSA) have significant advantages over traditional horn antennas,dielectric rod antenna when used as feed elements in Focal Plane Arrays (FPA) of Passive MilliMeterWave(PMMW) imaging.

zh-cn	该文优化设计了一种新型的对跖直线渐变缝隙天线 (ALTSA)，通过加载超材料结构使天线的增益得到了改善，天线采用基片集成波导 (SIW) 技术进行馈电。
en-us	In this paper, a novel Antipodal Linear Tapered Slot Antenna(ALTSA) is designedand optimized. The proposed antenna, the gain of which is improved by loading metamaterial structure, is fedby the Substrate Integrated Waveguide(SIW).

zh-cn	通过仿真与测试分析，该天线在较宽的频带内具有良好的阻抗特性、较低的副瓣电平及较高且平稳的增益，
en-us	Simulation and measure analysis show that the good impedance characteristics, low sidelobe levels, high and smooth gain are all achieved in a wide frequency band.

zh-cn	所设计的天线具有较小的口径宽度，在焦平面中易于组成较为密集的馈源阵列，以提高被动毫米波成像的空间分辨率。
en-us	Meanwhile, the designed antenna has a smaller aperture width and is easier to form a denser feed array in the focal plane to improve the spatial resolution of passive millimeter wave imaging.

zh-cn	针对暗通道先验去雾算法的不足，如天空区域透射率估计过小和在景深突变处易发生光晕效应，该文提出一种新颖且高效的去雾算法。
en-us	In view of shortcomings of dark channel prior dehazing methods, such as transmission in sky areas is small and halo effects are prone to occur in the edges, this paper proposes a novel and efficient dehazing algorithm.

zh-cn	首先通过几何分析建立雾图对应无雾图像暗通道图的平面扇形模型，
en-us	Firstly, the fan-shaped model with dark channel map of haze-free image is established by geometric analysis.

zh-cn	然后设定一种新型的高斯均值函数，对其标准差进行自适应处理，用以估计扇形模型的上下边界值，
en-us	Then a new Gaussian mean function is set to estimate the boundary values of the model and its standard deviation is adaptive processing.

zh-cn	通过引入均值不等关系对两侧边界进行逼近，拟合出最优无雾图像暗通道图，进一步求得最佳透射率，同时也改进局部大气光的探索方法并复原出最终结果。
en-us	Mean-value unequal relationship is also introduced to approximatethe two-sided boundary, which is used to fit the most excellent dark channel map of haze-free, further obtainsthe best transmission. At the same time the local atmospheric light is improved to recover the final result.

zh-cn	实验表明，与其它一些经典算法相比较，所提算法能广泛适用于各类图像，去雾程度彻底且效果清晰自然，具有较低的时间复杂度，有利于实时处理。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed method can be widely applied to all kinds of images compared with other classical algorithms. The degree of dehazing is thorough, final result is clear and natural. Moreimportantly, it is favorable for real-time processing that has low time complexity.

zh-cn	合理高效地优化调度救灾物资对提升地震应急救援效果具有重要意义。
en-us	It is of great significance to optimize emergency resource schedule for earthquake emergency rescue.

zh-cn	地震应急需要同时兼顾时效性、公平性和经济性等相互冲突的多个调度目标。
en-us	The conflicting multiple schedule goals, such as time, fairness, and cost, should be taken into consideration together in an earthquake emergency resource schedule.

zh-cn	该文对地震应急物资调度问题建立了带约束的3目标优化模型，并设计了基于进化状态评估的自适应多目标粒子群优化算法(AMOPSO/ESE)来求解Pareto最优解集。
en-us	A three-objective optimization model with constraintsis constructed according to earthquake emergency resource schedule problems. An Adaptive MultiObjectiveParticle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based on Evolutionary State Evaluation (AMOPSO/ESE) is proposed tooptimize this model for obtaining the Pareto optimal set.

zh-cn	然后根据“先粗后精”的决策行为模式提出了由兴趣最优解集和邻域最优解集构成的Pareto前沿来辅助决策过程。
en-us	At the same time, based on the decision behaviorpattern of "macro first and micro later", the two-level optimal solution sets consisting of an interest optimalsolution set and their neighborhood optimal solution sets are proposed to represent the Pareto front roughly,which can simplify the decision-making process.

zh-cn	仿真表明该算法能有效地获得优化调度方案，与其他算法相比，所得Pareto解集在收敛性和多样性上具有性能优势。
en-us	The simulation results show that the multiobjective resource schedules can be effectively obtained by the AMOPSO/ESE algorithm, and the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of the chosen competed algorithms in terms of convergence and diversity.