zh-cn	针对此问题，提出了一种基于步态特征的持续认证方案，以实现对当前访问者的判别。
en-us	To solve the problem, acontinuous authentication scheme based on gait characteristics was proposed to realize the identification of currentvisitors.

zh-cn	所提方案采用移动平均滤波、基于阈值的有效值判断等操作降低噪声干扰，使用模板截取实现信息的最大化利用，并提出了最佳时域与频域特征组合以降低用户信息对存储空间的需求，通过支持向量机（SVM）实现身份认证功能。
en-us	Moving average filtering, threshold-based useful information interception method and other operationswere adopted to reduce noise interference. Template interception was used to maximize the utilization of informa-tion, and an optimal combination of time domain features and frequency domain features were proposed to reducethe storage space requirement of users' information. Finally, the support vector machine realized the identity au-thentication function.

zh-cn	经实验测试，所提方案可达到对访问者身份的有效认证。
en-us	Experiments show that the proposed scheme can effectively authenticate the identities of vis-itors.

zh-cn	针对理性委托计算中的安全性需求问题，提出了一种可证明安全的理性委托计算协议。
en-us	A provably secure rational delegation computation scheme was proposed to solve the requirement of securityissues in rational delegate computation.

zh-cn	首先，在委托计算中引入博弈理论并分析理性参与者的行为偏好，并且在博弈论框架下构建理性委托计算博弈模型；
en-us	Firstly, game theory was introduced into delegation computation and according torational participants behavior preferences analysis, a rational delegate computing game model was designed.

zh-cn	其次，根据博弈模型中的均衡需求及理性委托计算的安全需求，设计理性安全模型；
en-us	Secondly,according to the equilibrium demand of game model and the security requirement of rational delegation computation, arational security model was established.

zh-cn	再次，结合 Yao 的混淆电路可以随机化重用的优势及全同态加密技术，构造理性委托计算协议，且协议中参与者的策略组合可以达到纳什均衡状态；
en-us	Thirdly, combining Yao's garbled circuit with its advantages of re-randomization,as well as full homomorphic encryption technology, the rational delegation computation protocol was constructed. Andthe combination of strategies in the protocol could reach the Nash equilibrium state.

zh-cn	最后，根据理性安全模型证明了协议的安全性和输入输出的隐私性，且性能分析表明了协议的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the security of the protocoland the privacy of the input and output were proved according to the rational security model, and the performance analy-sis shows the validity of the protocol.

zh-cn	所提理性委托计算协议在满足传统安全性的同时，又考虑了参与者的行为偏好，更符合大数据环境下的委托计算模式。
en-us	The proposed rational delegation computing protocol not only satisfies the tradi-tional security, but also considers the behavioral preference of participants, which is more in line with the delegation-computing mode under the big data environment.

zh-cn	提出了一种在互耦条件下基于酉张量分解的多输入多输出（MIMO）雷达非圆目标稳健的角度估计算法。
en-us	A robust angle estimation method for noncircular targets based on unitary tensor decomposition with mutualcoupling in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar was proposed.

zh-cn	所提算法首先在张量域利用互耦系数矩阵的带状对称 Toeplitz 结构来消除未知互耦的影响，
en-us	Firstly, utilizing the banded symmetric Toeplitzstructure of the mutual coupling matrix to eliminate the influence of unknown mutual coupling in tensor field.

zh-cn	然后通过构造一个特殊的增广张量捕获非圆信号的非圆特性与其固有的多维结构特性，
en-us	Then aspecial augmented tensor was constructed to capture the no circularity and its inherent tensor multidimensional structureof noncircular signals.

zh-cn	并利用增广张量的 centro-Hermitian 特性通过酉变换转化为实值张量，
en-us	And taking advantage of the centro-Hermitian characteristic of the augmented tensor to transformthe sub-tensor into real-values tensor by the unitary transformation.

zh-cn	最后利用高阶奇异值分解（HOSVD）获得信号子空间，结合实值子空间技术获得目标的离开方向（DoD）和到达方向（DoA）估计。
en-us	Finally, the signal subspace estimation based on ten-sor was obtained by taking advantage of the higher-order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) technology, and then the direction-of-departure (DoD) and direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation was obtained by utilizing the real-values sub-space technology.

zh-cn	由于同时利用信号的非圆结构与多维结构特性，所提算法具有比现有的子空间算法更准确的角度估计性能，
en-us	Due to the consideration of both the noncircularity and multidimensional structure, the proposed algo-rithm has better recognition performance than the existing angle estimation methods.

zh-cn	同时所提算法只需要实值运算，具有较低的运算复杂度。
en-us	At the same time, the proposed al-gorithm only requires real-valued operations and has lower computational complexity.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法具有有效性与优越性。
en-us	Simulation experiments verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	针对目前利用启发式算法学习贝叶斯网络结构易陷入局部最优、寻优效率低的问题，提出一种基于混合樽海鞘−差分进化算法的贝叶斯网络结构学习算法。
en-us	Aiming at the disadvantages of Bayesian network structure learned by heuristic algorithms, which were trap-ping in local minimums and having low search efficiency, a method of learning Bayesian network structure based on hy-brid binary slap swarm-differential evolution algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法在种群划分阶段提出自适应的规模因子平衡局部搜索与全局搜索，在子种群更新阶段利用改进的变异算子与交叉算子构建樽海鞘搜索策略与差分搜索策略，更新不同的子种群，在合并子种群阶段利用两点变异算子增加种群多样性。
en-us	An adaptive scale factor was used to balance localand global search in the swarm grouping stage. The improved mutation operator and crossover operator were taken intosalp search strategy and differential search strategy respectively to renew different subswarms in the update stage.Two-point mutation operator was adopted to improve the swarm's diversity in the stage of merging of subswarms.

zh-cn	由算法的收敛性分析可知，通过种群的迭代搜索可以找到最佳结构。
en-us	The convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm demonstrates that best structure can be found through the iterative searchof population.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与其他算法相比，所提算法收敛精度与寻优效率均有提升。
en-us	Experimental results show that the convergence accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm are im-proved compared with other algorithms.

zh-cn	基于可编程无线环境的太赫兹通信系统允许针对不同无线设备以最适宜的方式进行电磁波传播的编程定制，不仅能够改善严重的衰落、干扰和非视距问题，还能显著提升系统的安全性和隐私性。
en-us	Terahertz communication system based on programmable wireless environment allowed programming custo-mization of electromagnetic wave propagation in the most suitable ways for different wireless devices. It could not onlyimprove serious fading, interference and non-line-of-sight problems, but also significantly enhance the security and pri-vacy of the system.

zh-cn	针对可编程无线环境中太赫兹无线通信的信道建模问题，首先基于射线跟踪技术，结合视距、非视距的传播模型建立了太赫兹波段可编程无线环境的多射线信道模型。
en-us	The channel modeling of terahertz wireless communication in programmable wireless environmentwas focused. Firstly, a multi-ray channel model for terahertz-band programmable wireless environment was establishedbased on ray tracing technology as well as the propagation model of line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight.

zh-cn	然后，在所建立传播模型的基础上，进一步研究了反射系数、注水功率分配策略下的宽带信道容量、均方根时延扩展等问题。
en-us	Then, based onthe established propagation model, reflection coefficient, the broadband channel capacity under the water-filling power allocation algorithm and the RMS delayed extension were further studied.

zh-cn	实验仿真和分析结果表明，可编程无线环境通过对电磁波传输的主动干预，大大减轻了太赫兹室内无线传播中路径损耗和多径衰落的影响，提高了系统的传输容量。所提模型为后期太赫兹通信系统，尤其是室内太赫兹通信系统的设计提供了参考依据。
en-us	The simulation and analysis results show that the programmable wireless environment greatly reduces the influence of path loss and multipath fading in terahertz wire-less transmission through active interference in electromagnetic wave transmission, improves the transmission capacity ofterahertz communication system, which provides a reference for the later design of terahertz communication system, es-pecially indoor terahertz communication system.

zh-cn	别名解析是发现位于同一台路由器上不同 IP 接口的技术，是网络拓扑推断的一个关键步骤，将因特网的逻辑拓扑转换为物理拓扑从而实现虚拟空间与现实世界映射重要方法。
en-us	IP alias resolution, the procedure of identifying IP addresses belonging to the same router, is a critical step inInternet topology inference. It can convert the Internet logical topology into physical topology, and bridge the gap be-tween the virtual world and real world.

zh-cn	首先介绍了 IP 别名解析的概念，分析了 IP 别名关系的种类，
en-us	First the concept of IP alias resolution was introduced and the classical IP aliasrelationships were analyzed.

zh-cn	然后对 IPv4 和 IPv6 的别名解析算法分别进行了详细论述，
en-us	Then the IPv4 alias resolution algorithms and the IPv6 alias resolution algorithms were dis-cussed in detail separately.

zh-cn	最后通过对所有算法的综合分析和对比，指出了在未来的研究中，特别是 IPv6 别名解析中，在别名目标集合筛选、指纹选择及推断方法中应注意的问题。
en-us	Finally, through the comprehensive analysis and comparison of all the algorithms, the researchdirections in the future especially in IPv6 alias resolution were pointed out in three folds such as alias target set selection,fingerprint selection and inference methods.

zh-cn	为了提高异构携能通信网络能效和顽健性，研究了能效最大的顽健联合发射功率和功率分流资源分配问题。
en-us	To improve energy efficiency and robustness of heterogeneous wireless networks with wireless informationand power transfer, the robust joint transmit power and power splitting resource allocation problem was studied.

zh-cn	基于最小最大概率机和 Dinkelbach 理论，将原 NP-hard 问题转换为凸优化形式，提出了分布式对偶资源分配算法，并分析了算法的计算复杂度和顽健灵敏度。
en-us	Based onmini-max probability machine and Dinkelbach method, the original NP-hard problem was transformed into a solvableconvex optimization form, meanwhile a distributed dual resource allocation algorithm was proposed. Additionally, bothcomputational complexity and robust sensitivity were analyzed.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法在信道不确定性下能同时保障宏蜂窝用户和飞蜂窝用户的服务质量。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm canguarantee the quality of service requirements of macro cellular users and femtocell users under channel uncertainties.

zh-cn	针对无线传感器网络中基于 RSS 的多目标定位具有天然稀疏性的问题，提出了基于自适应网格的多目标定位算法，将多目标定位问题分解为大尺度网格定位和自适应网格定位 2 个阶段。
en-us	The RSS-based multi-target localization has the natural property of the sparsity in wireless sensor networks. Amulti-target localization algorithm based on adaptive grid in wireless sensor networks was proposed, which divided themulti-target localization problem into two phases:

zh-cn	大尺度网格定位阶段根据序贯压缩感知原理确定最优观测次数，再利用 (0 1)pl p   最优化重构出存在目标的初始网格；
en-us	large-scale grid-based localization and adaptive grid-based localization.In the large-scale grid-based localization phase, the optimal number of measurements was determined due to the sequen-tial compressed sensing theory, and then the locations of the initial candidate grids were reconstructed by applying(0 1)pl p  optimization.

zh-cn	自适应网格定位阶段根据压缩感知原理自适应划分初始网格，再利用pl 最优化重构出目标的精确位置。
en-us	In the adaptive grid-based localization phase, the initial candidate grids were adaptively par-titioned according to the compressed sensing theory, and then the locations of the targets were precisely estimated by ap-plying l p optimization once again.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相较于传统的基于压缩感知的多目标定位算法，所提算法在目标个数未知的场景下具有更高的定位精度和更低的定位时延，且更适合大规模无线传感器网络的多目标定位问题。
en-us	Compared with the traditional multi-target localization algorithm based on compressed sensing, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher localization accuracy and lower localizationdelay without foreknowing the number of targets. Therefore, it is more appropriate for the multi-target localization prob-lem in the large-scale wireless sensor networks.

zh-cn	面向文本的自动化众包攻击具有攻击成本低、隐蔽性强等特点，这种攻击可以自动生成大量虚假评论，影响用户评论社区的健康发展。
en-us	The text-oriented automated crowdturfing attack has a series of features such as low attack cost and strong con-cealment. This kind of attack can automatically generate a large number of fake reviews, with harmful effect on the healthydevelopment of the user review community.

zh-cn	近些年来，有学者研究面向英文评论社区的文本自动化众包攻击，但是鲜有针对中文评论社区的自动化众包攻击的研究，
en-us	In recent years, researchers have found that text-oriented crowdturfing attacksfor the English review community, but there was few research work on automated crowdsourcing attacks in the Chinese re-view community.

zh-cn	针对这一不足，提出了基于汉字嵌入 LSTM 模型的中文文本自动化生成攻击方法。通过训练由汉字嵌入网络、LSTM 网络和 Softmax 全连接网络组成的多层网络模型，并引入温度参数T 构建攻击模型。
en-us	A Chinese character embedding LSTM model was proposed to automatically generate Chinese reviewswith the aim of antomated crowdturfing attacks, which model trained by a combination with Chinese character embeddingnetwork, LSTM network and softmax dense network, and a temperature parameter T was designed to construct the attackmodel.

zh-cn	实验中，从淘宝网的在线用户评论中抓取了超过 5 万条真实的用户评论数据，验证所提攻击方法的有效性。
en-us	In the experiment, more than 50 000 real user reviews were crawled from Taobao's online review platform to verifythe effectiveness of the attack method.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，生成的虚假评论可以有效地欺骗基于语言学分析的分类检测方法和基本文本拷贝检测等方法, 并且通过大量的人工评估实验发现所生成的文本具有真实性强、类型广等特点。
en-us	Experimental results show that the generated fake reviews can effectively fool lin-guistics-based classification detection approach and texts plagiarism detection approach. Besides, the massive manuallyevaluation experiments also demonstrate that the generated reviews with the proposed attack approach perform well in realityand diversity.

zh-cn	随着人们对网络系统全面和客观认识的不断提高，网络系统安全度量（NSSM）正在得到更多的研究和应用。
en-us	With the improvement for comprehensive and objective understanding of the network system, the research andapplication of network system security metrics (NSSM) are noticed more.

zh-cn	目前，网络系统安全量化评价正朝着精确化和客观化发展。
en-us	The quantitative evaluation of network system se-curity is developing towards precision and objectification.

zh-cn	NSSM 可以为攻防对抗以及应急响应决策提供客观和科学的依据，其中网络系统安全全局度量是安全度量领域的重点。
en-us	NSSM can provide the objective and scientific basis for the con-frontation of attack-defense and decision of emergency response. The global metrics of network system security is a crucialpoint in the field of security metrics.

zh-cn	从全局度量的角度，分析总结了全局度量在网络系统安全中的地位和作用，归纳总结了度量的 3 个发展阶段（感知、认识、深化）及其特点，给出了全局度量的工作过程，梳理了度量模型、度量体系、度量工具等方法，并指出了各自的特点及其在安全度量中的作用和相互关系。
en-us	From the perspective of global metrics, the status and role of global metrics in securityevaluation were pointed out. Three development stages of metrics (perceiving, cognizing and deepening) and their characte-ristics were analyzed and summarized. The process of global metrics was described. The metrics models, metrics systemsand metrics tools were analyzed, and their functions, interrelations, and features in security metrics were pointed out.

zh-cn	同时详尽地分析了网络系统全局度量面临的技术挑战，并以表格方式总结了十大机遇与挑战。
en-us	Then the technical challenges of global metrics of network systems were explained in detail, and ten opportunities and challengeswere summarized in tabular form.

zh-cn	最后展望了网络系统安全度量研究的下一步方向与发展趋势。
en-us	Finally, the next direction and development trend of network system security metrics re-search were forecasted.

zh-cn	分析表明，NSSM 在网络安全中具有良好的应用前景。
en-us	The survey shows that NSSM has a good application prospect in network security.

zh-cn	在现有的解决方案中，基于时间的方案难以实现即时撤销，基于第三方的方案往往需要重加密运算，计算量大，不适用于海量密文数据。
en-us	In the existing solutions, the time-based scheme is difficult to achieve immediate revocation, and thethird-party-based scheme often requires re-encryption, which needs large amount of calculation and doesn't apply to mas-sive data.

zh-cn	针对该问题，提出了一种高效的支持用户和属性级别的即时撤销方案，所提方案基于经典的 LSSS 型访问结构的 CP-ABE，引入了 RSA 密钥管理机制和属性认证思想，借助半可信第三方，在解密之前对用户进行属性认证。
en-us	To solve the problem, an efficient and immediate CP-ABE scheme was proposed to support user and attribute le-vels revocation. The scheme was based on the classic LSSS access structure, introducing RSA key management mechanism and attribute authentication. By means of a semi-trusted third party, the user could be authenticated before decryption.

zh-cn	与现有的撤销方案对比，所提方案只需半可信第三方更新 RSA 属性认证密钥，不需要用户更新密钥且不需要重加密密文，极大地减少了撤销带来的计算量和通信量，同时保证了抗串谋攻击和前后向安全性。
en-us	Com-pared with the existing revocation schemes, The proposed scheme didn't need the user to update the key or re-encrypt theciphertext. The semi-trusted third party wasn't required to update the RSA attribute authentication key. The scheme greatly reduced the amount of computation and traffic caused by revocation, while ensuring anti-collusion attacks and forward andbackward security.

zh-cn	安全性分析和实验仿真证明，所提方案具有更高的撤销效率。
en-us	Finally, the security analysis and experimental simulation show that the scheme has higher revocation ef-ficiency.

zh-cn	OAuth2.0 授权协议在简化用户登录第三方应用的同时，也存在泄露用户隐私数据的风险，甚至引发用户账号被攻击劫持。
en-us	OAuth2.0 protocol has been widely adopted to simplify user login to third-party applications, at the same time,existing risk of leaking user privacy data, what even worse, causing user accounts to be hijacked.

zh-cn	通过分析 OAuth2.0 协议的脆弱点，构建了围绕授权码的账号劫持攻击模型，提出了基于差异流量分析的脆弱性应用程序编程接口（API）识别方法和基于授权认证网络流量监测的账号劫持攻击验证方法，设计并实现了面向 OAuth2.0 授权服务 API 的账号劫持攻击威胁检测框架 OScan。
en-us	An account hijacking attackmodel around authorization code was built by analyzing the vulnerabilities of the OAuth2.0 protocol. A vulnerable API iden-tification method based on differential traffic analysis and an account hijacking verification method based on authorized au-thentication traffic monitoring was proposed. An account hijacking attack threat detection framework OScan for OAuth2.0authorization API was designed and implemented.

zh-cn	通过对 Alexa 排名前 10 000 的网站中真实部署的 3 853 个授权服务 API 进行大规模测试，发现 360 个存在脆弱性的 API。
en-us	Through a large-scale detection of the 3 853 authorization APIs deployedon the Alexa top 10 000 websites, 360 vulnerable APIs were discovered.

zh-cn	经过进一步验证，发现了 80 个网站存在账号劫持攻击威胁。
en-us	The further verification showed that 80 websiteswere found to have threat of account hijacking attack.

zh-cn	相较类似工具，OScan 在覆盖身份提供方（IdP）全面性、检测依赖方（RP）数量和威胁检测完整性等方面均具有明显的优势。
en-us	Compared with similar tools, OScan has significant advantages incovering the number of identity provider, the number of detected relying party, as well as the integrity of risk detection.

zh-cn	随着“网络黑产”事件频繁发生，攻击者以“趋利”的思想来策略地发动针对性的攻击。
en-us	With the frequent occurrence of “network black production” incidents, attackers strategically launch target at-tacks with the idea of “profit-seeking”.

zh-cn	现有网络监测系统缺少针对“策略式攻击”精准有效的监测策略。
en-us	Existing network monitoring systems lack accurate and effective monitoringstrategies for “strategic attacks”.

zh-cn	因此，在敌对环境中，如何优化部署采集代理获取更好的监测效果成为一个极为重要的课题。
en-us	Therefore, in an adversarial environment, how to optimize the deployment of collectionagents for better monitoring results becomes an extremely important issue.

zh-cn	针对该问题，提出了一种顽健采集代理部署策略。
en-us	Based on this, a robust deployment strategy ofcollection agents was proposed for the above mentioned problem.

zh-cn	首先，引入攻防博弈思想，对采集代理和威胁事件及其之间的关系进行度量，构建度量攻防博弈模型——MADG 模型；
en-us	Firstly, the idea of attack-defense game was introducedto measure the collection agents, threat events and their relations, then the MADG model was built.

zh-cn	然后，考虑传统精确求解算法无法求解该问题，利用目标函数的次模和非增的性质设计了顽健采集代理部署算法——RCD 算法进行近似求解；
en-us	Secondly, consideringthat the traditional accurate solution algorithm cannot solve the problem, the robust acquisition agent deployment algo-rithm called RCD algorithm was designed to approximate the problem by using the sub-module and non-growths of theobjective function.

zh-cn	最后，对 RCD 算法进行了验证。
en-us	Finally, the RCD algorithm was verified.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提模型和方法是可行有效的，且具有可扩展性。
en-us	The experimental results show that the above model andmethod is feasible, effective and expandable.

zh-cn	给出了多输入单输出窃听链路中人工噪声策略安全性能的统一分析。
en-us	A comprehensive performance analysis of artificial noise (AN) assisted secure transmission in multiple-inputsingle-output (MISO) wiretap channels was presented.

zh-cn	通过对私密信号和人工噪声之间最优功率分配的研究，发现人工噪声策略不是在所有情况下都能有效提升系统的安全性，同时给出了人工噪声工作的临界信噪比。
en-us	It was shown that the AN scheme did not always improve the se-curity, and provided an exact signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold below which AN did not work.

zh-cn	此外，基于保密速率的下界得出了适应任意信噪比的功率分配表达式，据此推导出了未知窃听用户统计信道信息情况下的功率分配结果。
en-us	An explicit result of the optimal power allocation (OPA) using the lower bound to the ergodic secrecy rate (ESR) was presented and the OPAfor the worst case without the knowledge of the eavesdropper's relative distance was also provided.

zh-cn	仿真结果显示，相对于平均功率分配策略，所提功率分配方案可以有效增大系统的保密速率。
en-us	Simulations demon-strate that the proposed power allocation result achieves a higher ESR than the equal one.

zh-cn	针对本地化差分隐私中的隐私-效用均衡问题，对差分隐私和近似差分隐私情形下的二元广义随机响应机制建立效用优化模型，
en-us	For the study of privacy-utility trade-off in local differential privacy, the utility optimization models of binarygeneralized random response mechanism for the case of differential privacy and approximate differential privacy wereestablished.

zh-cn	并采用图解法、最优性证明、软件求解和极值点等方法求解，得到了效用最优值与隐私预算、输入数据分布的精确表达式，给出了相应的效用最优机制。
en-us	By graphic method, optimality proof, software solution and extreme point method, the exact expression of the optimal utility with privacy budget and the distribution of input data was obtained, and the corresponding optimalrandomized response mechanism was given.

zh-cn	研究结果表明效用最优值和效用最优机制均与隐私预算和输入数据分布相关。
en-us	The results show that both the optimal utility and optimal mechanism arerelated to privacy budget and input data distribution.

zh-cn	另外，多元随机响应机制效用优化模型可通过本地化差分隐私极值点来求解。
en-us	Moreover, the discussion for multivariate randomized response me-chanism shows that the method of extreme points of local differential privacy is feasible to the solution.

zh-cn	针对传统的捕获算法无法实现高动态环境下二进制偏移载波（BOC）信号同步问题，设计了一种分数阶傅里叶变换（FRFT）与离散多项式相位变换（DPT）相结合的捕获算法。
en-us	As the synchronization of binary offset carrier (BOC) signals couldn't be realized in high dynamic environ-ment by traditional acquisition algorithms, an acquisition algorithm based on fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) anddiscrete polynomial-phase transform (DPT) was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法首先根据定阶运算得到接收信号的动态阶数来判定是否需要进行降阶处理，
en-us	Firstly, the algorithm determined how to process the receivedsignal according to the dynamic order obtained by the order operation.

zh-cn	然后通过对 FRFT 捕获算法输出的谱峰值搜索得到动态参数和码相位的估计值来完成捕获。
en-us	And then the acquisition was achieved by search-ing the spectral peak of the FRFT algorithm to obtain the estimation of dynamic parameters and code phase.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果表明，所提算法在原有 FRFT 捕获算法的基础上消除了二阶多普勒变化率的影响，能够成功捕获到高动态 BOC 信号。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and simulations show that the proposed algorithm eliminates the influence of second-order doppler shift ratebased on original FRFT acquisition algorithm, which can successfully capture high dynamic BOC signals.

zh-cn	与其他算法相比，所提算法进一步增强了整个捕获结构的动态适应能力和抗噪性能，并且在检测概率和捕获时间方面具有优越的性能。
en-us	The proposed algorithm further enhances the dynamic adaptability and anti-noise performance and has superior performance in detec-tion probability and acquisition time in comparison with other algorithms.

zh-cn	在车联网中，链路频繁切换和信道干扰会导致传输时延增加及网络吞吐量下降。
en-us	In vehicular Ad Hoc network (VANET), frequent link handovers and channel interference can lead to increasedtransmission delay and decreased network throughput.

zh-cn	引入无人机与地面车辆进行协同通信，构建无人机辅助的空地一体化车联网，采用发送端自主决策的分布式策略，提出了一种干扰感知的节点接入机制。
en-us	To address the issues, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were intro-duced to cooperate with vehicles and construct UAV-assisted air-ground integrated VANET. An interference-aware nodeaccess scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	将节点接入问题形式化为一个与链路传输速率、链路切换次数和节点发射功率相关的多目标优化问题，
en-us	The node access problem was formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem consi-dering link transmission rate, link handovers and transmit power.

zh-cn	利用对偶分解法将该问题分解为 2 个凸优化子问题：联合优化链路切换次数与链路传输速率和在保证链路可靠性的前提下优化节点发射功率。
en-us	Then the optimization problem was decomposed into two convex optimization sub-problems by dual decomposition method, the sub-problem jointly optimizes handovers and link transmission rate while the sub-problem optimizes the transmit power based on link reliability.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明了所提出节点接入机制可有效地改善数据传递率、平均端到端时延以及网络吞吐量。
en-us	Finally, simulationresults show that the proposed mechanism can effectively improve data delivery ratio, average end-to-end delay and net-work throughput.

zh-cn	基于云用户和云服务提供商的利益相关视角，以低计算成本（如能耗、经济成本和系统可用性等）满足云用户高 QoS 需求（如任务执行时间和任务最终完成时间），设计多维 QoS 云计算体系结构，构建多维 QoS 云资源调度模型，
en-us	A multidimensional cloud computing architecture is designed and a multidimensional cloud resource schedulingmodel is constructed based on the stakeholder perspective of cloud users and cloud service providers to meet the high QoSrequirements of cloud users (such as task execution time and task completion time) with low computing costs (such as ener-gy consumption, economic costs and system availability).

zh-cn	面向二级云资源调度，提出采用多重 Greedy 算法思想的 MQoS 云资源调度算法。
en-us	For the second-level cloud resource scheduling, an MQoS cloudresource scheduling algorithm based on multiple Greedy algorithm is proposed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在具有无后效性的 4 种云计算应用场景下，MQoS 云资源调度算法相比 FIFO 云资源调度算法、M2EC 多维能耗虚拟机调度算法，其多维 QoS 度总体提升 206.42%~228.99%、34.26%~56.93%，其云数据中心负载均衡差平均总体降低 0.48~0.49、0.20~0.27。
en-us	The experimental results show that under thefour cloud computing application scenarios with no aftereffects, the MQoS cloud resource scheduling algorithm has an over-all increase of 206.42%~228.99% and 34.26%~56.93 in terms of multidimensional QoS degree compared with FIFO andM2EC algorithms. It has an average overall reduction of 0.48~0.49 and 0.20~0.27 in terms of cloud data center load balancedifference.

zh-cn	针对车对车（V2V）通信系统无线传播场景的复杂性，基于几何随机信道建模方法，提出了一种改进的3D MIMO V2V 信道参考模型，依据方位角及仰角间确切的几何关系，导出了信道的空−时相关函数及空−多普勒功率谱密度，分析了信道相关特性影响因素。
en-us	To match complex wireless propagation scenarios, an improved 3D geometry-based stochastic model wasproposed for vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communications channel. The exact relationship between the azimuth angle andelevation angle was taken into account and the corresponding space–time correlation function and space–Doppler powerspectral density were derived, and the influence of important factors was analyzed.

zh-cn	结果表明，信道相关性在非各向同性散射环境下与散射体分布、天线阵列角度密切相关，在各向同性散射环境下受天线阵列仰角影响，高车流密度场景信道空−时相关性明显低于低车流密度场景。
en-us	The observations and conclusions show that correlation characteristics is closely related to distribution of the scatterers and the angle of the antenna array under the non-isotropic scattering environment and is affected by the elevation angle of the antenna array under the iso-tropic scattering environment. And the space-time correlation characteristics in high vehicular traffic density is signifi-cantly lower than that in low vehicular traffic density.

zh-cn	同时，使用合理参数计算方法得到对应的仿真模型，仿真结果验证了模型的准确性。
en-us	The corresponding simulation model is also derived by using areasonable parameter calculation method. The simulation results validate the rationality of proposed model.

zh-cn	所提模型提高了通信系统分析及仿真效率，拓展了 V2V 信道模型研究及应用。
en-us	It greatly im-proves analysis and simulation efficiency of V2V MIMO system.

zh-cn	针对移动目标防御最优策略选取问题，从攻击面转换（ASS）和探测面扩展（ESE）的角度形式化来定义防御策略，阐释了防御原理；
en-us	To solve the problem of the optimal strategy selection for moving target defense, the defense strategy was de-fined formally, the defense principle from the perspective of attack surface shifting and exploration surface enlarging wastaken into account.

zh-cn	采用动态对抗和有限信息的视角对网络攻防行为进行研究，在分析攻防博弈类型和攻防过程的基础上，构建了基于信号博弈的移动目标防御模型；
en-us	Then, network attack-defense behaviors were analyzed from the sight of dynamic confrontation andbounded information. According to the analysis of attack-defense game types and confrontation process, the moving tar-get defense model based on signaling game was constructed.

zh-cn	改进了攻防策略量化计算方法，提出了精炼贝叶斯均衡求解算法，并通过对博弈均衡的分析设计了最优防御策略选取算法。
en-us	Meanwhile, the method to quantify strategies was improved and the solution of perfect Bayesian equilibrium was proposed. Furthermore, the optimal defense strategy selection algo-rithm was designed by the equilibrium analysis.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了所提模型和方法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the simulation demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed optimal strategy and selection method.

zh-cn	由多种异构网络融合而成的天地一体化网络受到了研究者的广泛关注，但是其由于拓扑复杂、用户规模庞大而面临诸多安全威胁，容易出现链路切换和用户跨域漫游的情况。
en-us	Space information network composed of a variety of heterogeneous networks is widely concerned. However,the space information network is facing more security threats and more likely to roam due to its complex topology andlarge user scale.

zh-cn	针对天地一体化网络的特点，提出了一种适用于天地一体化网络无缝切换和跨域漫游场景下的安全认证增强方案，基于安全凭证（Token）与散列链的结合，实现了用户与拜访域的双向快速认证，同时支持用户在拜访域中的合理计费。
en-us	Considering the characteristics of space information network, a secure authentication enhancementscheme for seamless handover and roaming in space information network was presented. The fast mutual authenticationand reasonable accounting between the user and the visiting domain based on the combination of Token and Hash chainwas achieved.

zh-cn	此外，针对天地一体化网络中卫星接入点频繁切换问题，提出了 2 种无缝切换机制以确保用户通信的连续性。
en-us	In addition, two seamless handover mechanisms were proposed to ensure the continuity of usercommunication.

zh-cn	安全性分析结果表明，所提方案不仅满足跨域漫游所必备的安全特性，还能够实现用户在拜访域的合理计费。
en-us	Finally, security analysis indicates that the scheme can not only provide essential security properties, butalso achieve reasonable accounting.

zh-cn	针对属于同一个家族的恶意软件的行为特征具有逻辑相似性这一特点，从行为检测的角度通过追踪 API函数调用的逻辑规则来提取恶意软件的特征，并利用静态分析与动态分析相结合的方法来分析恶意行为特征。
en-us	Aiming at the logical similarity of the behavioral characteristics of malware belonging to the same family, thecharacteristics of malware were extracted by tracking the logic rules of API function call from the perspective of behaviordetection, and the static analysis and dynamic analysis methods were combined to analyze malicious behavior characte-ristics.

zh-cn	此外，依据恶意软件家族的目的性、继承性与多样性，构建了恶意软件家族的传递闭包关系，并改进了基于高斯混合模型的增量聚类方法来识别恶意软件家族。
en-us	In addition, according to the purpose, inheritance and diversity of the malware family, the transitive closure rela-tionship of the malware family was constructed, and then the incremental clustering method based on Gaussian mixturemodel was improved to identify the malware family.

zh-cn	实验证明，所提方法不仅能节省恶意软件检测的存储空间，还能显著提高检测的准确率与识别率。
en-us	Experiments show that the proposed method can not only save thestorage space of malware detection, but also significantly improve the detection accuracy and recognition efficiency.

zh-cn	现有的互联网面对激增的视频流量和工业机器应用，存在着大量的拥塞崩溃、数据分组时延等问题，
en-us	The current Internet faces a huge increase in video traffic and industrial machine applications, causing a lot ofcongestion and packet delays.

zh-cn	而许多网络应用，例如工业互联网、远程医疗、无人驾驶、VR 游戏等，需要达到 1~10 ms 时延，微秒级抖动，但传统的网络只能将端到端的时延减少到几十毫秒。
en-us	Besides, many network applications, such as industrial Internet, telemedicine, driverless,VR games, etc, require a latency from 1 to 10 milliseconds and jitters within microsecond. But traditional network canonly reduce the end-to-end latency to tens of milliseconds.

zh-cn	在这样的背景下，对网络端到端时延的控制如何从“尽力而为”到“准时、准确”，成为当前全球关注的热点领域。
en-us	Under this background, how to transit from “best effort” to“punctuality, accuracy”, controlling the end-to-end delay has become a hot field of global network research.

zh-cn	通过介绍确定性网络的应用场景与需求，描述当前该领域的主要研究成果，总结分析了该领域的研究发展趋势和核心问题，期望对该领域的研究起到参考和帮助作用。
en-us	The applica-tion scenarios and requirements of the deterministic network were introduced, and the main research results of the currentparties were described as well as the trend of development and core issues were summarized. It hopes to provide a refer-ence and help for the research in this field.

zh-cn	一个理想的代理重加密方案通常具有单向性、非交互性、可重复性、可控性和可验证性，然而目前的方案普遍只满足其中的 2 个或 3 个，在一定程度上降低了实用性。
en-us	A ideal proxy re-encryption scheme has five features, such as one-way encryption, non-interaction, repeatabil-ity, controllability and verifiability. The existing schemes, however, have only two or three of the five features, which re-duces the utility of them to some extent.

zh-cn	为此，提出了一种支持 5 种特性的密文策略基于属性代理重加密（CP-ABPRE）方案。
en-us	For this, a new ciphertext-policy attribute-based proxy re-encryption(CP-ABPRE) scheme with the above five features was proposed.

zh-cn	在所提方案中，云代理服务器只能利用重加密密钥重加密委托者指定的密文，抵御了满足重加密共享策略的用户与代理之间的共谋攻击；
en-us	In the proposed scheme, the cloud proxy server could only re-encrypt the ciphertext specified by the delegator by using the re-encryption key, and resist the collusion attack between the user and the proxy satisfying the re-encryption sharing policy.

zh-cn	将多数加解密工作外包给云服务器，减轻了用户客户端的计算负担。
en-us	Most of encryption and decryption were out-sourced to cloud servers so that it reduced the computing burden on the user's client.

zh-cn	安全分析表明，所提方案能抵御针对性选择明文攻击。
en-us	The security analysis show that the proposed scheme resists the selective chosen plaintext attack (SCPA).

zh-cn	交换交叉立方网络是新型互连网络拓扑结构研究的最新成果之一，它同时继承了交换超立方网络和交叉立方网络在网络直径、连接边、成本等方面优点，表现出更高的性价比，有望成为多处理器并行计算机的一种更加优化的组织形式。
en-us	Exchanged crossed cube(ECQ) is one of the latest achievements in the research of topology of novel intercon-nection networks. ECQ is a more optimized form of organization for multi-processor parallel computers, which retains the advantages of exchanged hypercube and crossed cube in terms of the smaller diameter, fewer links, and lower costfactor, and which indicates more balanced consideration.

zh-cn	然而，目前，交换交叉立方网络尚未正式引入多处理器并行计算机。
en-us	However, so far, ECQ hadn't been formally introduced intomulti-processor parallel computers.

zh-cn	影响交换交叉立方网络应用和推广的主要原因之一是其可靠性研究尚不系统，其中以诊断度为代表的运行可靠性的研究最为迫切。
en-us	One of the main reasons was that its reliability research wasn't yet systematic. Among them, the operational reliability represented by diagnosability was the most urgent.

zh-cn	基于此，以交换交叉立方网络为研究对象，在得到交换交叉立方网络相关拓扑性质的基础上，通过理论推导和仿真实验证明的方式，
en-us	ECQ was taken as studyingobject, after topological analyzing, some important topological properties of ECQ were introduced, which determines the(t,k)-diagnosability of ECQ(s,t) under the PMC model by theoretical deduction and simulation experiments.

zh-cn	首次得出了交换交叉立方网络 ECQ(s,t)在 PMC 模型下的(t,k)-诊断度，进一步补充完善了交换交叉立方网络的可靠性指标，为后续的应用和推广提供了有力的技术支撑。
en-us	Simulation results show that ECQ reliability complement and improvement, which provides strong technical support for subsequentapplication and popularization.

zh-cn	信道编码方案中的极化码是 5G 通信领域中的研究热点。
en-us	Polar code in channel coding schemes is a research hotspot in 5G communication field.

zh-cn	极化码在串行抵消译码下容易受到差错传播的影响，在中短码长上的性能并不理想。
en-us	Polar code is suscepti-ble to error propagation under successive cancellation decoding, and the performance of the code at short and mediumblock lengths is not ideal.

zh-cn	针对这些问题，在不同仿真情况下对系统极化码和非系统极化码的性能差异性进行了研究。
en-us	For the problems, the performance difference between systematic polar code andnon-systematic polar code was studied under various simulation conditions.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，系统极化码比非系统极化码具有更好的误码率性能；相比非系统极化码，系统极化码在串行抵消译码下对差错传播具有较强的抵抗性。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate that syste-matic polar code has advantage over non-systematic polar code in bit error rate performance, and the former are morerobust against error propagation than the latter under successive cancellation decoding.

zh-cn	上述结果对极化码性能的优化以及 5G 通信有重要的理论价值。
en-us	The above results are considerableimportance from the theoretical values in 5G communication and performance optimization of polar code.

zh-cn	针对云环境 SDN 网络中存在的对低速率 DDoS 攻击检测精度较低，缺乏统一框架对数据平面、控制平面低速率 DDoS 攻击进行检测及防御等问题，提出了一种针对低速率 DDoS 的统一检测框架。
en-us	Aiming at the problems of low-rate DDoS attack detection accuracy in cloud SDN network and the lack ofunified framework for data plane and control plane low-rate DDoS attack detection and defense, a unified framework forlow-rate DDoS attack detection was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，分析验证了数据平面低速率 DDoS 攻击的有效性，在此基础上结合低速率 DDoS 攻击在通信、频率等方面的特性，提取了均值、最大值、偏差度、平均离差、存活时间这 5 个方面的十维特征，实现了基于贝叶斯网络的低速率 DDoS 攻击检测。然后，通过控制器下发相关策略来阻断攻击流。
en-us	First of all, the validity of the data plane DDoS attacks in low rate wasanalyzed, on the basis of combining with low-rate of DDoS attacks in the aspect of communications, frequency characte-ristics, extract the mean value, maximum value, deviation degree and average deviation, survival time of ten dimensions characteristics of five aspects, to achieve the low-rate of DDoS attack detection based on bayesian networks, issued by the controller after the relevant strategies to block the attack flow.

zh-cn	实验表明在 OpenStack 云环境下对低速率 DDoS 攻击检测率达到 99.3%，CPU 占用率为 9.04%，证明了所提方案能够有效地完成低速率 DDoS 攻击的检测及防御。
en-us	Finally, in OpenStack cloud environment, the detectionrate of low-rate DDoS attack reaches 99.3% and the CPU occupation rate is 9.04%. It can effectively detect and defendlow-rate DDoS attacks.

zh-cn	域间协议是快速实现天地一体化信息网络中各类卫星系统及天地异构网络间互联的关键。
en-us	The inter-domain routing protocol is a key factor in the rapid integration of various satellite systems and hete-rogeneous networks in integrated space-terrestrial network (ISTN).

zh-cn	然而，天地一体化信息网络的天、地网络拓扑的极大差异性使直接部署现有域间协议可能面临性能问题。
en-us	However, the wide difference between network to-pologies of space and terrestrial networks may present significant challenges to the deployment of existing inter-domainprotocols.

zh-cn	为验证域间协议的工作性能，设计了一种天地一体化信息网络协议验证平台，采用虚拟网络技术高效模拟大规模、高动态的空间网络以及现有地面网络。
en-us	To test the performance of these protocols, an emulation platform for ISTN was designed to efficiently emulatethe dynamic and large-scale space network and the existing terrestrial networks using virtual network technology.

zh-cn	实验结果显示，随着空间网络的拓扑规模和地面网络的路由表规模增加，天、地网络间的互联效率变得非常低。
en-us	Exten-sive experiments demonstrate that, with the expansion of the scale of space network and the scale of terrestrial Internet'srouting table, the integration efficiency between space and terrestrial networks becomes very low.

zh-cn	针对 APP 中第三方服务提供商非法采集用户隐私信息的问题，提出了一种 APP 隐私信息泄露风险评估方案 PRAS。
en-us	The APP in smartphone contain various third-party services. However, the service providers illegally read theuser's private information. To address this problem, a privacy risk assessing scheme called PRAS was proposed.

zh-cn	该方案通过统计第三方服务提供商从不同 APP 获取的权限，并考虑权限组合对隐私泄露风险带来的非线性影响，构建模型来评估隐私泄露风险。
en-us	Firstly, amodel was built to assess the risk of privacy leakage, by counting all the permissions acquired by each service providersand considering the non-linear impact of the permissions combination on privacy leakage.

zh-cn	基于风险评估结果，在服务质量与隐私保护之间进行均衡分析，最终给出系统整体的权限管理方案，在保证服务质量的同时，降低隐私信息泄露风险。
en-us	Then, by analyzing the balancebetween service quality and privacy-preserving, an optimal model was used to minimized the risk of private informationleakage, and a permission management method was given to protect the privacy information among APP.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，PRAS 将 APP整体的隐私泄露风险平均降低了 18.5%。
en-us	The experimentresults show that PRAS reduces the risk of privacy leakage by an average of 18.5%.

zh-cn	针对随机异构网络频谱资源紧张及微基站层安全性能不足的问题，通过在微基站层引入多天线全双工中继辅助微基站用户通信，由此提高网络的整体安全性能。
en-us	To alleviate the spectrum shortage problem and security threats in heterogeneous network (HetNet), mul-ti-antenna full-duplex relay was introduced for communication between femto base station (FBS) and legitimate user.With the aid of multi-antenna full-duplex relay in FBS network, the secrecy performance of HetNets could be improved.

zh-cn	基于随机几何理论，构建针对该网络的安全性能分析模型，推导出了用户接入中继基站或宏基站、中继接入微基站的安全中断概率闭式表达式；
en-us	Under a stochastic geometry framework, the fundamental analysis model to evaluate the secrecy performance in mul-ti-antenna full-duplex relay aided HetNet was set up.

zh-cn	基于此进一步给出了系统全局安全中断概率闭式表达式，以评估系统参数对其安全性的影响。
en-us	To be specific, the exact expressions for the secrecy outage proba-bility of the typical user, serving relays and HetNet were derived respectively.

zh-cn	仿真分析了宏基站功率和天线数、中继功率和天线数，以及两者的密度对网络安全性能的影响。
en-us	Then, based on the theoretical analyses andsimulation results, the influences of transmit power and antenna number of both macro base station and FBS on secrecyperformance in HetNet were examined.

zh-cn	仿真结果验证了引入多天线全双工中继能够提高所研究网络的安全性能。
en-us	Finally, the results show that introducing multi-antenna full-duplex relay for FBSnetworks improves the secrecy performance of HetNet.

zh-cn	针对大规模并发式保密通信对混沌阵子的需求，以 Lorenz 混沌阵子为例，提出了相空间对称混沌阵子群模型，研究了该对称阵子群的同步问题，得到了 Lorenz 阵子与对称阵子群同步的条件，利用该条件构建了基于对称混沌阵子群的通信模型并对其进行仿真验证。
en-us	To meet the demand of chaotic oscillators for large scale secure communications, the Lorenz oscillator wastaken as an example, a phase-space symmetric chaotic oscillator group model was proposed and the synchronizationproblem was studied. According to the condition of synchronization, a communication model based on symmetric chaoticoscillator was constructed and verified by simulation.

zh-cn	该对称阵子群能提供无限多个对称混沌阵子，可满足其在大规模保密通信中的应用，又能保持原混沌阵子的优良特性，具有较好的应用前景。
en-us	The symmetrical oscillator group can provide an infinite number ofsymmetric chaotic oscillators, which can satisfy the application in large-scale secure communication and maintain theexcellent characteristics of the original chaotic oscillator, and has a good application prospect.

zh-cn	网络的服务扩展能力是下一代网络的重大需求，也是网络服务模型技术发展的主要挑战。
en-us	The capability of providing network service extensibility is the major demand of next generation network, it isalso the main challenge of network service model technology.

zh-cn	可扩展网络服务模型正是应网络发展的这一需求而提出的。
en-us	The extensible network service model was proposed in re-sponse to the demand of network development.

zh-cn	概述了该服务模型的基本概念与原理；
en-us	Firstly, an overview of the basic principles of the extensible network ser-vice model was expounded.

zh-cn	从原理分析的角度对该服务模型的服务扩展能力进行了定性分析；
en-us	And then, from the point of view of principle analysis, the service extension capability of theservice model was qualitatively analyzed.

zh-cn	使用网络服务扩展能力的分析方法，从理论和网络实际应用 2 个角度选用实例对该服务模型的服务扩展能力的进行了定量分析。
en-us	Finally, using the analytic method of network service extensible capability, the service extension capability of the service model was quantitative analyzed from two perspectives of theory and practical application.

zh-cn	由定性分析与定量分析结果可知，可扩展网络服务模型具有很好的服务扩展能力。
en-us	The qualitative analysis and the quantitative analysis show that the extensible network service model hasstrong service extensible capability.

zh-cn	属性基加密因其细粒度访问控制在云存储中得到了广泛应用。
en-us	Attribute-based encryption (ABE) scheme is widely used in the cloud storage due to its fine-grained access control.

zh-cn	在属性基加密方案中，每个属性可能同时被多个用户共享，因此如何实现属性级用户撤销且能够抵抗用户合谋攻击是当前面临的重要挑战。
en-us	Each attribute in ABE may be shared by multiple users at the same time. Therefore, how to achieve attribute-level user revo-cation is currently facing an important challenge.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，提出了一种支持属性撤销的属性基加密方案，所提方案可以有效地抵抗撤销用户与未撤销用户的合谋攻击，
en-us	To solve this problem,an attribute-based encryption scheme that supported the immediate attribute revocation was proposed. The scheme could achieve attribute-level user revocation and could effectively resist collusion attacks between the revoked users and the exist-ing users.

zh-cn	同时，将复杂的解密计算外包给具有强大计算能力的云服务商，减轻了数据用户的计算负担。
en-us	At the same time, this scheme outsourced complex decryption calculations to cloud service providers with power-ful computing ability, which reduced the computational burden of the data user.

zh-cn	在标准模型下，基于计算性 Diffie-Hellman 假设完成安全证明。
en-us	The scheme was proved secure based oncomputational Diffie-Hellman assumption in the standard model.

zh-cn	最后从理论和实验 2 个方面对所提方案的效率与功能进行分析，
en-us	Finally, the functionality and efficiency of the proposedscheme were analyzed and verified.

zh-cn	结果表明所提方案可以安全地实现属性级用户撤销，并具有快速解密的能力。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can safely implement attribute-level user revocation and has the ability to quickly decrypt, which greatly improves the system efficiency.

zh-cn	随着移动智能终端的普遍运用，基于位置服务（LBS）成为了人们生活中必不可少的部分，在提供便捷生活服务的同时，也引发了用户隐私信息泄露的隐患。
en-us	The prevalence of mobile intelligent terminals gives the location-based service (LBS) more opportunities to enrichmobile users' lives. However, mobile users enjoy the convenience with the cost of personal privacy.

zh-cn	在考虑背景信息存在的同时，进一步地考量了用户自身和服务提供商短期缓存的查询记录，避免了攻击者利用查询信息的可能性对用户的隐私信息进行猜测并实现推断攻击。
en-us	The side information and mobile user's recent requirement records were considered, which were obtained or stored by the service provider.

zh-cn	基于用户隐私信息自关联的前提下，提出了 2 种隐私保护方案——简易隐私自关联的隐私保护算法（Ba-2PS）和扩展隐私自关联的隐私保护算法（En-2PS），其中 En-2PS 从时间和查询范围 2 个维度扩展了简易隐私自关联的隐私保护算法，提高了从匿名位置单元和匿名查询内容中推测用户真实信息的不确定性。
en-us	Based on the existence of recent requirement records, adversary can employ the inference attack to analysis mobile user's personal in-formation. Therefore, two schemes were proposed, including of basic privacy self-correlation privacy-preserving scheme(Ba-2PS) and enhanced privacy self-correlation privacy-preserving scheme(En-2PS). In En-2PS, the privacy-preservingscheme was designed from two dimensions of aspects of time factor and query region, which increased the uncertainty infer-ring out the real information.

zh-cn	最后，通过隐私性证明和实验结果证明了方案的有效性和安全性。
en-us	Finally, the privacy analysis was illustrated to proof En-2PS's privacy degree, then the perfor-mance and privacy evaluation results indicate that En-2PS is effective and efficient.

zh-cn	区块链是随着数字货币商品兴起的去中心化基础架构，具有安全可信、顽健性高等特点。
en-us	Blockchain is a decentralized architecture emerging with cryptocurrencies, which is credible and robust.

zh-cn	首次提出区块链环境下的网络隐蔽信道模型，具有抗干扰性、抗篡改性、多线路通信性、接收方匿名性、线路无关性，可以克服现有网络环境下的隐蔽信道特性缺陷等弊端。
en-us	A network covert channel model in blockchain environment was proposed for the first time, which was anti-interference,anti-tamper modification, multi-line communication, receiver anonymity and line independence. The shortcomings of network covert channel in existing network environment could be tackled by the new type of network covert channel,such as characteristic defect. etc.

zh-cn	首先提出了区块链网络隐蔽信道模型，用形式化方法建模并证明了抗干扰性和抗篡改性；
en-us	Firstly, A network covert channel model in blockchain environment was presented byformal method, its anti-interference and anti-tamper modification was proved.

zh-cn	其次构建了基于业务操作时间间隔的区块链网络隐蔽信道的场景；
en-us	Then, a blockchain network covert channelscenario using service operation interval time was presented.

zh-cn	最后提出了包含抗检测性、顽健性、传输效率的区块链网络隐蔽信道评估向量，为基于区块链环境的新型网络隐蔽信道的实用化奠定了理论基础。
en-us	Finally, the undetectability, robustness and rate of theblockchain network covert channel evaluation vectors was proposed. A theoretical foundation was laid for the practicalityof the new type of network covert channel in blockchain.

zh-cn	电子商务等网络服务的兴起极大地促进了电子凭据业务的发展，传统数据存储方案无法满足海量电子凭据数据的快速访问需求。
en-us	The rise of e-commerce and other network services have greatly promoted the development of electronic billservice, while traditional data storage schemes can no longer satisfy the rapid access requirements of massive electronicbill data.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，提出了一种面向海量电子凭据的分层可扩展存储架构，结合 hash 取模算法和一致性 hash 算法实现快速的数据定位，设计了基于 hash 取模算法的横向扩展方案，减少了节点增删时迁移的数据量。
en-us	To solve these problems, a hierarchical scalable storage architecture for massive electronic bill was proposed,which combined hash modular algorithm and consistent hash algorithm, and supported fast data locating. A horizontalexpansion scheme based on hash modular algorithm was designed to reduce the amount of data that needed to migratewhen adding or deleting data nodes.

zh-cn	此外，设计并实现了基于热数据的缓存方案和基于访问时延的负载均衡方案，进一步提升数据访问的速度。
en-us	Besides, a data caching scheme based on hot data and a load balancing scheme basedon access delay were designed and implemented, further improving the speed of data access.

zh-cn	最后通过实验证明了所提架构与方案的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the experimentsprove the effectiveness of proposed architecture and schemes.

zh-cn	随着社交网络应用的不断发展，用户社交关系等个人隐私数据的安全保护问题亟待解决。
en-us	With the continuous development of social network application, user's personal social data is so sensitive that the problem of privacy protection needs to be solved urgently.

zh-cn	为显著减小社交网络数据的敏感度，提出了一种基于边介数模型的差分隐私保护方案 BCPA。
en-us	In order to reduce the network data sensitivity, a differen-tial privacy protection scheme BCPA based on edge betweenness model was proposed.

zh-cn	基于 dK 模型捕获图结构对应的2K 序列，根据边中介中心性系数对 2K 序列重新排序；
en-us	The 2K sequence corresponding to the graph structure based on the dK model was captured, and 2K sequences based on the edge betweenness centralitywere reordered.

zh-cn	依据排序结果将 2K 序列聚类成多个子序列，再利用 dK扰动算法对各子序列分别进行加噪；
en-us	According to the result of reordering, the 2K sequence was grouped into several sub-sequences, and eachsub-sequence was respectively added with noise by a dK perturbation algorithm.

zh-cn	根据整合后的新 2K 序列生成满足差分隐私的社交网络发布图。
en-us	Finally, a social network graph satisfy-ing differential privacy was generated according to the new 2K sequences after integration.

zh-cn	基于真实数据集，通过模拟仿真将所提方案与其他经典方案进行比较，
en-us	Based on the real datasets, thescheme was compared with the classical schemes through simulation experiments.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方案在保证较强隐私保护性的同时，提高了发布数据的准确性和可用性。
en-us	The results demonstrate that it im-proves the accuracy and usability of data while ensuring desired privacy protection level.

zh-cn	在连续动作任务中，深度强化学习通常采用高斯分布作为策略函数。
en-us	In continuous action tasks, deep reinforcement learning usually uses Gaussian distribution as a policy function.

zh-cn	针对高斯分布策略函数由于截断动作导致算法收敛速度变慢的问题，提出了一种重要性采样优势估计器（ISAE）。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the Gaussian distribution policy function slows down due to the clipped action, an importancesampling advantage estimator was proposed.

zh-cn	该估计器在通用优势估计器（GAE）的基础上，引入了重要性采样机制，通过计算边界动作的目标策略与行动策略比率修正截断动作带来的值函数偏差，提高了算法的收敛速度。
en-us	Based on the general advantage estimator, an importance sampling mechan-ism was introduced by the estimator to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm and correct the deviation of thevalue function caused by calculating the target strategy and action strategy ratio of the boundary action.

zh-cn	此外，ISAE 引入了 L 参数，通过限制重要性采样率的范围，提高了样本的可靠度，保证了网络参数的稳定。
en-us	In addition, the Lparameter was introduced by ISAE which improved the reliability of the sample and limited the stability of the networkparameters by limiting the range of the importance sampling rate.

zh-cn	为了验证 ISAE 的有效性，将 ISAE 与近端策略优化结合并与其他算法在 MuJoCo 平台上进行比较。实验结果表明，ISAE 具有更快的收敛速度。
en-us	In order to verify the effectiveness of the ISAE, apply-ing it to proximal policy optimization and comparing it with other algorithms on the MuJoCo platform. Experimental re-sults show that ISAE has a faster convergence rate.

zh-cn	无连接接入协议允许机器类终端不需要建立无线承载就进行小数据传输，以降低系统信令开销与终端能耗。
en-us	Connectionless access allows massive machine type communication (mMTC) devices to transmit small pack-ets without establishment of radio bearers, significantly reducing device power consumption and control signaling over-head.

zh-cn	两阶段无连接接入协议可通过合理分配调度请求阶段和数据传输阶段的资源提高系统吞吐量，特别适合中高负载场景。
en-us	Two-stage connectionless access (TSCLA) improves throughput and resource efficiency by optimally allocatingresources between scheduling request (SR) phase and data transmission phase, which can be used for bigger packets andhigh traffic load.

zh-cn	基于此，完成了一类称作带冲突检测的两阶段无连接接入协议的性能极限与最优资源分配策略的理论分析，并设计了一种不需要用户数估计的动态资源分配算法。
en-us	Based on this, a comprehensive theoretical analysis of one kind of TSCLA with collision detection wasconducted to investigate its performance limit and devise its optimal resource allocation scheme.

zh-cn	数值分析验证了上述理论分析的正确性，表明了所提动态资源分配算法与已知每个接入周期内用户数的理想算法的性能差异可控制在 4%以内。
en-us	In addition, to avoid thecomplexity of user number estimation, a dynamic resource allocation algorithm with feedback control was proposed.Numerical results are provided to validate the effectiveness of aforementioned theoretical results and show that comparingwith the genie aided algorithm known exactly the number of users, the performance loss of the proposed algorithm is within4%.

zh-cn	上述结果可为面向海量机器类通信的无线接入协议的优化设计提供参考。
en-us	These works together provide good references for appropriate resource dimensioning for mMTC related protocols.

zh-cn	受扩频通信技术启发，提出了端信息扩展的概念，利用多项端信息组成的序列来表示一条信息，使通信端信息与所传递信息无关，实现了端信息高隐蔽传输。
en-us	Inspired by the spread spectrum technology for communications, the concept of end spreading was proposed to represent a piece of information of the data transmission with a sequence of multiple end information, of which eachpiece of end information was irrelevant to the information it conveys. Thus the covert data transmission can be performed.

zh-cn	进一步提出了端信息跳扩混合主动网络防御技术，将端信息跳变策略与同步策略分离，通过端信息扩展机制实现跳变通信双方的同步认证，解决了高隐蔽性要求下的高速跳变同步问题。
en-us	Further, an active cyber defense model of end information hopping and spreading was presented, in which the hopping strategy was separated from the synchronization strategy. The synchronization was accomplished by means of end infor-mation spreading for synchronous authentication of both parties, which can solve the high-speed hopping synchronization problem with high concealment requirements.

zh-cn	详细讨论了端信息跳扩混合主动网络防御技术中扩展序列的生成、传输、同步认证方式和数据迁移策略，并对所提模型的安全性能和同步性能进行理论分析与实验验证。
en-us	The mode of generation, transmission and authentication of the spreading sequence, and the data migration strategy in the end hopping and spreading model were described in detail, and the secu-rity performance and synchronization performance were analyzed and verified experimentally.

zh-cn	理论分析与实验结果表明，端信息跳扩混合主动网络防御技术提升了高速跳变下网络服务的可用性和隐蔽性，对于高强度对抗要求的主动网络防护应用具有重要意义。
en-us	Theoretical analysis andexperimental results show that the cyber defense model of end information hopping and spreading has improved the availability and confidentiality of network services under high-speed hopping and has good anti-attack performance,which is of great significance for the proactive defense application of high intensity confrontation.

zh-cn	因地球表面并非平面，采用平面坐标的传统 TDOA 无源定位模型可能存在一定的误差。为了直接利用大地经纬度坐标进行 TDOA 定位，提出了基于球面两点间距离计算的一系列球面距离计算 TDOA 定位模型。
en-us	Because of the surface of the earth is not a plane, there may be some errors in the conventional ultra-short wavepassive TDOA location method using plane coordinates. In order to use the geodetic longitude and latitude coordinates di-rectly for TDOA location, a series of spherical distance TDOA location models based on spherical two-point distance calcu-lation were proposed.

zh-cn	通过最优化建模，以网格逐点搜索求解法进行模型验证。
en-us	The optimal location models were adopted, and a grid point search method was applied with model va-lidation.

zh-cn	数值分析结果表明，球面精确计算模型定位误差最小，与纬度无关；
en-us	The numerical results show that the spherical precise calculation model has the smallest positioning error, which isindependent of latitude.

zh-cn	球面近似计算模型的定位误差次之，随纬度升高而增加；
en-us	Positioning error of the spherical approximation calculation model is worse than the first model, andincreases with the increase of latitude.

zh-cn	等距离正圆柱投影模型在低纬度地区定位误差较小，但在中、高纬度地区定位误差大；
en-us	The equidistant orthographic cylindrical projection model has a small positioning errorin the low latitudes. However, it has a large positioning error in the middle and high latitudes.

zh-cn	等角度正圆柱投影模型和等面积正圆柱投影模型的定位误差比较大，在任何纬度时均在 26%左右，不可用。
en-us	The equiangular orthographiccylindrical projection model and the equiareal orthographic cylindrical projection model have a relatively large positioningerror, which is around 26% at any latitude and is not applicable.

zh-cn	信道容量反映了系统无差错传输信息的能力。
en-us	Channel capacity reflects the ability of the system to transmit information without errors.

zh-cn	基于遍历微小单元法求出系统的路径损耗和脉冲响应，然后对脉冲响应采样序列进行离散傅里叶变换，得到系统的频率响应，计算出系统的 3 dB 带宽。
en-us	The path loss and im-pulse response of the system were calculated based on traversing tiny unit method, and then the frequency response of thesystem was obtained by the discrete Fourier transform of the impulse response sampling sequence, and the 3 dB bandwidthof the system was calculated.

zh-cn	考虑信号光引起的散粒噪声，根据量子极限法求出系统的信噪比，进而用香农公式仿真分析非直视非共面紫外光通信系统信道容量和收发端几何参数之间的关系。
en-us	Considering the shot noise caused by signal light, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system wasobtained according to the quantum limit method, and then the relationship between the channel capacity and the geometricparameters of transmitter and receiver in non-line-of-sight noncoplanar ultraviolet communication system were simulatedand analyzed by Shannon formula.

zh-cn	结果表明，信道容量随着接收端偏轴角和通信距离的增大而减小，
en-us	The results show that the channel capacity decreases with the increase of the off axis an-gle and the communication distance.

zh-cn	当收发仰角小于 40°时，随着收发仰角增大，信道容量快速减小，并且发射端仰角对信道容量的影响更显著；
en-us	When the elevation angles of transmitter and receiver are less than 40°, the channel ca-pacity decreases rapidly with the increase of the elevation angles of transmitter and receiver, and the transmitter elevationangle has a great influence on the channel capacity.

zh-cn	当发散角增大时，系统信道容量几乎不变；而当视场角增大时，系统信道容量增大。
en-us	The system channel capacity is almost constant with the increase of di-vergence angle, and the larger the receiver field of view angle, the greater the system channel capacity.

zh-cn	用户撤销是基于身份的代理重签名方案在应用中必须解决的重要问题。
en-us	User revocation is necessary to the practical application of identity-based proxy re-signature scheme.

zh-cn	针对目前基于身份的代理重签名方案不支持用户撤销的问题，引入了可撤销的基于身份代理重签名密码体制，并给出了相应的形式化定义和安全模型。
en-us	To solve the problem that the existing identity-based proxy re-signature schemes cannot provide revocation functionality, the no-tion of revocable identity-based proxy re-signature was introduced. Furthermore, the formal definition and security modelof revocable identity-based proxy re-signature were presented.

zh-cn	基于代理重签名方案和二叉树结构，构造了一个可撤销的基于身份的代理重签名方案。
en-us	Based on proxy re-signature scheme and binary treestructure, a revocable identity-based proxy re-signature scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	在所构造的方案中，用户的签名密钥由秘密密钥和更新密钥两部分组成。
en-us	In the proposed, scheme, the user's signing key consists of two parts, a secret key and an update key.

zh-cn	通过安全信道传输的秘密密钥是固定的，但利用公开信道广播的更新密钥是周期性变化的。
en-us	The secret key transmitted over the secure channel is fixed, butthe update key broadcasted by the public channel is periodically changed.

zh-cn	只有未被撤销的用户才能获得更新密钥，并使秘密密钥随机化，更新密钥生成当前时间段的签名密钥。
en-us	Only the user who has not been revoked canobtain the update key, and then randomize the secret key and update the key to generate the corresponding signature keyof the current time period.

zh-cn	在标准模型下证明了所构造的方案在适应性选择身份和消息攻击下是存在不可伪造的，并满足双向性、多用性和抗签名密钥泄露攻击性。
en-us	In the standard model, the proposed scheme is proved to be existentially unforgeable againstadaptive chosen-identity and chosen-message attacks. In addition, the proposed scheme has properties of bidirectionalityand multi-use, and can resist signing key exposure attacks.

zh-cn	分析结果表明，所构造的方案高效地实现了用户的撤销与密钥的更新，具有良好的延展性。
en-us	The analysis results show that the proposed scheme can effi-ciently revoke the user and update the user's key, and thus it has good scalability.

zh-cn	在煤矿事故后的灾区侦察和应急救援中，应急通信系统是保障人员沟通联络、确定受困人员位置、感知灾区现场态势的必备设施。
en-us	For the disaster area probing and emergency rescue in a mine, it is of great importance to employ the emergencycommunication system to communicate with each other, determine the places of trapped miners, and sense current status ofdisaster area.

zh-cn	提炼了煤矿应急通信系统的总体架构模型，即一个骨干、多个分支、若干专线，辅以无线通信网络的结构模式。
en-us	The hybrid emergency communication architecture model for coal mines was extracted, which was composedof one backbone, multiple branches, several special lines, and some wireless networks as assistance.

zh-cn	综述了主要的煤矿有线应急通信系统、无线应急通信系统、透地应急通信系统和混合应急通信系统的发展现状，分析了各种系统的关键技术和在应急救援场景中面临的挑战。
en-us	Four types of emergen-cy communication systems of coal mine were reviewed, namely through-the-air, through-the-wire, through-the-earth andmixed medium type. The key technologies and challenges of these four emergency communication types were analyzed.

zh-cn	探讨了煤矿应急通信技术的发展趋势，提出了基于煤矿物联网重构的应急通信新模式，讨论了该模式需要解决的关键技术，即煤矿物联网灾后重构策略、矿井事故漂移节点重定位方法、矿井事故区域的态势感知方法和灾后重构网络的数据传输方法，有望显著提高事故应急处置速度和救援效果。
en-us	The research trend was discussed and a new emergency communication mode based on the reconstruction of mine Internet of things was proposed. The main enabling technologies of this new emergency communication mode were analyzed, namelypost-disaster reconstruction of mine Internet of things, shifting nodes re-localization after mine disaster, status sensing me-thod of mine disaster area, and data transmission method for post-disaster reconstruction network.

zh-cn	随着云计算产业的不断兴盛，云计算服务器的合理管理与科学调度成为了一个重要的课题。
en-us	With the flourishing of cloud computing industry, the rational management and scientific scheduling of cloudcomputing servers has become an important issue.

zh-cn	在模型方面，提出了一个新的携带亲和约束与反亲和约束的混合整数规划（MIP）模型，并将其用于描述大规模云计算服务器调度问题。
en-us	In terms of model, a new mixed integer programming (MIP) model withaffinity constraints and anti-affinity constraints was proposed to describe the scheduling problem of large scale cloud compu-ting server.

zh-cn	考虑到求解大规模 MIP 问题的时间成本，在分枝定界法与局部搜索算法的基础上提出了最优二元交换算法。
en-us	Considering the time cost of solving large-scale MIP problems, an optimal two element exchange algorithm wasdesigned with the basics of branch and bound method and local search algorithm.

zh-cn	该算法通过不断地从完整的调度问题中提取 MIP 子问题，并使用分支定界法解决该子问题的思想，不断地对服务器调度方案进行优化，从而使调度方案接近最优解。
en-us	By constantly extracting MIPsub-problems from completing scheduling problems and using branch and bound method to solve the sub-problems, the al-gorithm continuously optimized the server scheduling schemes, so that the scheduling schemes approached the optimal solu-tion.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法在测试数据集 ALISS 上与其他方法相比有较大优势，在完成相同任务的情况下，可以使云计算中心的资源消耗减少 4%以上。
en-us	The experimental results show that the algorithm has great advantages over the other methods in testing data set ALISS,and can reduce the resource consumption of cloud computing center by more than 4% when the same task is completed.

zh-cn	在 Nassar 等提出的循环移位 S 盒掩码方案（RSM）的基础上，提出了一种针对高级加密标准（AES）算法低熵掩码方案。
en-us	Based on the rotating S-box masking (RSM) proposed by Nassar et al, a low-entropy masking scheme for theadvanced encryption standard (AES) was proposed.

zh-cn	该方案的核心思想是利用 S 盒共用思想降低面积复杂度，采用乱序技术提高系统安全性，并通过流水线技术提高系统的吞吐量。
en-us	Reducing the area complexity by reusing the S-boxes, improving thehardware security by shuffling operation and improving the throughput by pipelining operation were the main idea of the proposed scheme.

zh-cn	对于 AES，所提方案可将其 S 盒的数量从 16 个降低为 4 个（不包括密钥扩展模块）。
en-us	For the AES, the number of S-boxes could be reduced from 16 to 4 (key expansion module wasn't in-cluded).

zh-cn	实验表明，与 RSM 相比，组合逻辑、时序逻辑和存储面积分别降低了 69%、60%和 80%，能够抵御基于偏移量 CPA 攻击，具有更高的安全性。
en-us	Compared with the RSM, the combinational logic, the dedicated logic and the memory size are reduced to 69%,60% and 80% respectively. In addition, the theoretical analysis shows that the proposed scheme can resist offset basedCPA attack, thus has higher security than the RSM.

zh-cn	空间信息网络是海洋目标监视必不可少的技术，基于空间计算模式的多源卫星信息融合能够有效提升天基平台对海洋目标的广域搜索、精细识别、持续监视和快速响应能力，是我国未来天基海洋目标监视的重要发展方向。
en-us	The space information network is indispensable for marine target surveillance. Multi-satellite information fu-sion methods which are based on spatial computing mode can improve the ability of wide-area scanning, accurate recog-nition, persistent tracking and rapid responding. The mode of on-board information fusion for sea target surveillance needs to be further studied.

zh-cn	从空间信息网络和天基海洋目标监视的发展现状、相关研究工作、差距与不足等角度出发，分析了基于空间信息网络的海洋目标监视，
en-us	Firstly, the developments of spatial information network and satellite for sea surveillance were discussed and the existing problems were summarized.

zh-cn	结合空间计算技术，提出了基于空间信息网络的多源卫星海洋目标监视发展建议，并重点研究了空间资源组网、在轨信息融合和新型载荷三方面的关键技术。
en-us	Then the architecture of marine target surveillance based onspatial computing was put forward. The key technology and future development of on-board computing for ocean targetsurveillance were studied and discussed in the fields of spatial networking and information fusion.

zh-cn	对海洋信息网络及其涉及的信息获取、传输和融合进行了研究，综述了海洋信息网络的发展、研究现状及存在的不足，并提出了一种新型海洋信息网络架构作为探索，所提架构能够实现全天时、全天候、全海域的“三全”信息覆盖。
en-us	The marine information network and the involved information acquisition, transmission and integration werestudied. Firstly, the developments, the research works and shortages of the marine information network were summarized.Then a new network architecture was proposed, which could achieve all-time, all-weather and all-sea area informationcoverage. The composition, system structure and technical architecture were stated in detail.

zh-cn	阐述了该网络的组成、体系架构和技术架构，指出了该网络中需要研究的科学问题、关键技术和潜在应用，为我国海洋信息网络的发展提供了新的研究思路。
en-us	Moreover, the key scientificissues, key technologies and application prospects of the information network were pointed out . The aim was to providenew research strategies for the development of marine information networks in China.

zh-cn	针对电磁波海上传播的特性，在 SPM 的基础上提出一种改进的海面传播模型，同时提出一种基于WLS 算法的传播模型校正算法，并利用琼州海峡海面 CW 测试数据对改进 SPM 参数进行校正。
en-us	Based on the standard SPM, an improved sea surface propagation model was proposed. At the same time, apropagation model correction algorithm based on WLS algorithm was proposed. Using the CW test data of QiongzhouStrait, the parameters of the improved SPM were corrected.

zh-cn	根据校正后的传播模型，利用琼州海峡海岸现有基站对 NB-IoT 覆盖进行链路级仿真和覆盖仿真。
en-us	Based on the corrected propagation model, the current basestation of Qiongzhou Strait coast was used to carry out link level simulation and coverage simulation for NB-IoT.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法能有效地实现对琼州海峡的 NB-IoT 覆盖，对于 NB-IoT 网络实际部署具有指导意义，有助于海上物联网的科学研究。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively achieve the coverage of NB-IoT in Qiongzhou Straitand contribute to the scientific research of Internet of things.

zh-cn	针对水下噪声不确定性对信息传输产生的影响和噪声信道中通信面临的安全问题，提出一种基于水下噪声信道不确定性的保密通信方案。
en-us	Aiming at the influence of the uncertainty of underwater noise on information transmission and the securityproblem of the communication over noisy channels, a confidential communication scheme based on the uncertainty ofunderwater noisy channels was proposed.

zh-cn	该方案由基于哥德尔编码的交互式密钥提取协议和基于 r−循环 Toeplitz 矩阵的保密增强协议组成。
en-us	The proposed scheme was composed of an interactive key extraction protocolbased on Godel's code and a privacy amplification protocol based on r-circulant Toeplitz matrix.

zh-cn	在密钥提取的过程中，通过引入哥德尔编码，减少了密钥序列的比较次数；
en-us	During the process ofkey extraction, the key sequence comparing number was reduced through the Godel's code.

zh-cn	在计算保密增强后的密钥长度时，考虑了水下噪声的不确定性，具有更强的实际意义。
en-us	When calculating the keylength after privacy amplification, the uncertainty of underwater noise was considered to make the proposed scheme morepractical.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在满足协议安全性的条件下，传输的总比特数为 119 940 bit，保密增强后生成的密钥串总长度的下界为 117 331 bit，敌手关于密钥串信息量的上界为 2 609 bit，所需时间为 11.99 s，
en-us	Experimental results show that under the condition of satisfying protocol security, it takes 11.99 s to transmit119 940 bit string where the lower bound of the generated secret key length is 117 331 bit after privacy amplification andthe upper bound of the adversary's information about the secret key is 2 609 bit.

zh-cn	并且所提出的(nt+s)×(nt+s)阶 r−循环 Toeplitz 矩阵比传统的同阶 Toeplitz矩阵减少了(nt+s)−1 bit 存储空间。
en-us	Moreover, the proposed scheme(nt+s)×(nt+s)-order r-circulant Toeplitz matrix decreases (nt+s)−1 bit memory space compared to the traditional Toeplitzmatrix with the same order.

zh-cn	海冰是重要的自然灾害之一，
en-us	Sea ice is one of the important natural disasters.

zh-cn	针对静冰压力监测需求，首次提出一种基于光纤 Fabry-Perot 传感器的静冰压力测试新方法。
en-us	A new method based on optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor forice strain measurement was proposed to meet the needs of ice strain monitoring.

zh-cn	结合膨胀辅助放电方法，制备了一种薄膜结构的高灵敏度光纤 Fabry-Perot 压力传感器，并采用金属管/PDMS/AB 胶组合方法对传感器进行了封装。
en-us	A high sensitivity optical fiber Fab-ry-Perot pressure sensor with thin-film structure was realized by means of pressure assisted arc discharge method, and thesensor was encapsulated by metal tube /PDMS /AB epoxy glue combination method.

zh-cn	在此基础上，研究了–15℃~0℃之间静冰融化和冻结过程中的内部应变变化特性。
en-us	On this basis, the static internalstrain characteristics of ice in the process of melting and freezing during −15℃~0℃ was studied.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所制备的薄膜结构光纤 Fabry-Perot 压力传感器在静冰压力监测中具有良好的灵敏度。所研究内容对远距离分布式海洋静冰特性监测具有一定的参考价值。
en-us	Experimental results show that this proposed thin-film fiber Fabry-Perot pressure sensor has good sensitivity characteristic in ice strain moni-toring, it is believed of great value for the monitoring of remote distributed sea samples.

zh-cn	个性化采集策略是有效监测复杂网络环境面临的威胁的必要条件之一，然而安全需求和威胁类型差异等导致难以有效生成个性化的采集策略。
en-us	Personalized collect policy is one of the necessary conditions for effectively monitoring threats in the complexnetwork environment. However, differences in security requirements and threat types make it difficult to effectively gen-erate personalized collect policy.

zh-cn	针对上述问题，设计了面向威胁监测的采集策略自动精化方法。
en-us	To address the above problem, a collection policy automatic refinement method was de-signed.

zh-cn	首先，提出了采集策略层次模型；
en-us	Firstly, a hierarchical model of collection policy was proposed.

zh-cn	然后，将威胁类型到采集项的精化转化为采集收益和采集成本平衡的非线性优化问题，并利用遗传算法进行求解；
en-us	Then, by transforming the policy refinement into anonlinear optimization problem, a genetic algorithm was designed to balance between collection revenue and collectioncost.

zh-cn	最后，通过模拟实验，验证可根据高层监测需求自动生成采集方案。
en-us	Finally, simulation experiments verify that according to the requirements of high-level monitoring, the acquisitionscheme can be automatically generated.

zh-cn	针对能量与计算能力受限的无线传感器网络因干扰引发能耗增加、网络生命期降低的问题，提出了联合功率控制与信道分配的生命期优化博弈算法——LOAPC。
en-us	Due to the problem of shortening the network lifetime which was caused by the big energy consumption forwireless sensor network (WSN) whose energy and computing power was limit, a lifetime optimization game algorithmcombined power control and channel allocation (LOAPC) was proposed.

zh-cn	LOAPC 探索节点功率与剩余能量对节点干扰的影响，构建干扰影响度量模型，
en-us	The influence of node power and residual ener-gy on the node interference was explored to construct an interference affection measurement model.

zh-cn	并引入期望传输次数，建立新颖的节点生命期模型。
en-us	Then, expected transmission times was introduced to establish a novel node lifetime model.

zh-cn	最后，LOAPC 以降低干扰与延长生命期为优化目标，以既保证网络连通又降低能耗功率作为可选功率集合，达到延长网络生命期的效果。
en-us	Finally, LOAPC aimed at reducing interfer-ence and prolonging lifetime, and the node power was limited by an optional power set which ensured the network con-nectivity and economized energy consumption, so as to prolong the network lifetime effectively.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法具有低干扰、低能耗并有效延长生命期的特性。
en-us	At the same time, the simulation results show that the algorithm has the characteristics of low interference, low energy consumption and effec-tively prolonging the lifetime of the network.

zh-cn	随着区块链的发展，存储所有区块数据需要巨大的存储空间，而数据一旦写入链中就不能更改，可能会造成过期数据占用大量存储空间的问题。
en-us	With the development of blockchain, huge storage space is needed to store all of blockchain data. In addition,data can't be changed once it is packaged into the chain, and it may be possible for overdue data to take up large storagespace.

zh-cn	首先对门限环签名方案进行改进，然后基于空间证明的共识机制提出了可删除的区块链。
en-us	Firstly, a threshold ring signature scheme was improved, and then a deletable blockchain scheme based on themechanism of proof of space (PoSpace) consensus was constructed.

zh-cn	当某个区块数据过期或失效时，经大多数节点同意并签名后，可对该区块进行有效删除，并保持区块链的总体结构不变。
en-us	Most of nodes could sign and delete a block togetherwhen block data was overdue, and the overall structure of the blockchain was unchanged.

zh-cn	在模拟环境中进行了仿真实验，结果表明，所提区块链方案在生成和删除区块时效率都很高，且不影响其他区块的存储和使用。
en-us	Several experiments in a simu-lated environment were executed, and the results show that the proposed blockchain scheme has high efficiency in gener-ating and delegating a block. Meanwhile, the deletion of a block doesn't influence the storage and use of other blocks.

zh-cn	针对路网环境下 mix-zone 无法有效地实现属性进行隐藏或泛化和抵御伪装攻击的问题，基于属性泛化和同态加密，提出了一种秘态属性泛化的隐私保护方法。
en-us	In order to cope with the problems of resist the attack of user tracking with attributes and resist the disguisedattack in road networks, based on the conception of attribute generalization and the methods of homomorphic encryption,a privacy protection method to complete the calculation of attribute generalization in private state and achieve attributegeneralization was proposed.

zh-cn	该方法通过同态加密，实现了秘密出价选择计算代理、秘密计算相似属性，并以相似属性完成属性泛化的整体处理。
en-us	The proposed method utilized the homomorphic encryption to achieve secret bidding selec-tion with an agent, and then utilize secure multi-party computation to calculate the similar attributes and achieve the at-tribute generalization in the end.

zh-cn	通过属性泛化，解决了 mix-zone 可被攻击者利用属性追踪的问题，同时秘密计算的属性处理不会泄露任何信息给参与者，也防止伪装攻击者获得 mix-zone 中各用户的隐私信息。
en-us	With the help of fully attribute generalization, this method can solve the problem of us-ers can be tracked by the potential attributes, and at the same time the privacy calculation also does not reveal any infor-mation to participants, so this method can prevent the disguised attacker that obtains user's information in mix-zone.

zh-cn	最后，通过安全性分析和实验验证分别在理论和实践这 2 个方面对所提算法的优势加以分析和比较。
en-us	At last, in order to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in both of academically and practicality, the securityanalysis and experimental verification are given, and the procedure of formulation verification and the result of experi-ment further substantiate the superiorities of the proposed method.

zh-cn	针对云存储环境中密钥泄露、数据重复和完整性检验的问题，提出了一种支持密钥更新和密文数据去重的完整性审计方案。
en-us	For the problems of key-exposure, encrypted data duplication and integrity auditing in cloud data storage, apublic auditing scheme was proposed to support key update and encrypted data deduplication.

zh-cn	所提方案利用布隆过滤器实现了密态数据的客户端去重，且每一次密钥更新能保证更新结果不能由其余时间周期的密钥猜测得到。
en-us	Utilizing Bloom filters, the proposed scheme could achieve client-side deduplication, and guaranteed that the key exposure in one time period didn'teffect the users' private key in other time periods.

zh-cn	该方案首次解决了在支持密态数据去重的审计方案中密钥更新困难的问题。
en-us	The proposed scheme could solve the conflict between key-exposure resilient and encrypted data deduplication in public auditing scheme for the first time.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明，所提方案在随机预言机模型下基于计算性 Diffie-Hellman 困难问题假设具有强抗密钥泄露、机密性、可检测性以及认证标签和证明值的不可伪造性。
en-us	Security analysis indicates that the proposed scheme is strong key-exposure resilient, confidentiality, detectability, and unforgeability of authentication tagsand tokens under the computation Diffie-Hellman hardness assumption in the random oracle model.Key words: cloud storage, integrity auditing, key-exposure resilient, encrypted data, client-side dedupl

zh-cn	针对窄带物联网（NB-IoT）的 3 种典型业务场景（周期自动报告、异常自动报告和软件升级/重配置业务），为 NB-IoT 扩展型非连续接收（eDRX）机制建立了以终端工作状态为状态变量的马尔可夫模型，并给出相应的功耗与时延模型。
en-us	To extend the battery life of massive machine type devices (MTD), narrow-band Internet of things (NB-IoT)system extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) mechanism of LTE to the maximum as well as introduced a lowerpower state named as power saving mode (PSM). Three Markov models were established for three typical NB-IoT trafficscenarios, which called mobile autonomous reporting periodic report (MAR-P), mobile autonomous reporting exceptionreport (MAR-E), software update/reconfiguration (SUR).

zh-cn	其中，连接态被分为随机接入态和数据收发态，以细化因海量用户并发入网产生碰撞而带来的额外能耗。
en-us	The states of each Markov model were the working status ofMTDs, including connected, idle and PSM state, in which the connected state was divided into random access state and data translating/receiving state to further evaluate the additional power consumption caused by collisions from massiveMTDs concurrent access. Thereby, the power consumption and delay models with respect to each traffic scenarios were derived.

zh-cn	鉴于周期自动报告（MAR-P）业务的发生频次最高，重点分析了 MAR-P 业务激励时 NB-IoT eDRX机制的电池使用寿命及其优化设计方案。
en-us	Since the frequency of MAR-P traffic was far greater than the other two, the battery life of this traffic case withits optimal design choice was comprehensively analyzed.

zh-cn	数值表明，传输周期、最大随机接入次数、最大数据重传次数和系统负载直接决定电池使用寿命，上述参数合理配置可有效延长电池使用寿命。
en-us	Numerical results show that, the battery life is mostly influ-enced by transmission period, maximum number of random access attempts, maximum number of data transmissions andtraffic load, which can be maximized by appropriate parameters setting up.

zh-cn	这为 NB-IoT 终端行为级建模与优化设计提供了参考。
en-us	These works provide good references forNB-IoT device behavior modeling and optimization design.

zh-cn	为合理选取和调整威胁处置方式，需要对威胁处置效果进行评估。
en-us	In order to appropriately select and adjust response countermeasures, it is necessary to evaluate response effec-tiveness.

zh-cn	现有的评估方法主要针对风险和威胁态势，很少评估威胁处置效果，且这些方法的前提条件之一是用于评估的所有信息完全，这一条件在实际环境中难以实现。
en-us	Although a large amount of effort has been spent on the evaluation of risk and threat situations, the existing schemesare not suitable to evaluate response effectiveness, because the sechems require that all the information used for evaluation iscomplete, which is difficult to implement in the real environment.

zh-cn	针对该问题，提出了一种不完全信息下的威胁处置效果模糊评估方法。
en-us	To address the problem, a fuzzy scheme was proposed todeal with incomplete information (i.e., missing elements of judgment matrix and missing data of indicators) and the responseeffectiveness was evaluate.

zh-cn	首先，综合考虑攻防双方设计层次化评估指标树；
en-us	Firstly, a hierarchical indicator tree was design to characterize the effectiveness from the perspec-tives of both attack and defense.

zh-cn	其次，利用模糊层次分析法计算各指标的综合权重；
en-us	Then, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to calculate the comprehensiveweight of each indicator.

zh-cn	最后，通过模糊综合评价法对威胁处置效果进行评估。
en-us	Finally, the response effectiveness was calculated using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.

zh-cn	特别地，针对层次分析时判断矩阵元素缺失问题，利用指标重要性的传递性关系对缺失元素进行补全；
en-us	In partic-ular, to deal with the problem of incompleteness of fuzzy judgment matrix in the process of FAHP, the missing elementswere completed based on the transitivity of elements.

zh-cn	针对综合评价时指标数据缺失问题，通过矩阵分解对缺失元素进行补全。
en-us	And to deal with the problem of loss data in the comprehensive evalua-tion, the missing data was completed based on matrix completion.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法可有效处理信息不完全的情况，实现对威胁处置效果的有效评估。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed schemecan accurately recover the missing data and can effectively evaluate the effectiveness of response.

zh-cn	随着云存储的快速发展，越来越多的用户将数据存储在云端。
en-us	With the rapid development of cloud storage, more and more users are storing their data in the cloud.

zh-cn	为了验证云端的用户数据是否损坏，一种有效的方法是采用云存储完整性检测方案。
en-us	To verify whether the users' data stored in the cloud is corrupted, one effective method is to adopt cloud storage integrity checkingschemes.

zh-cn	利用理想格上的小整数解问题，设计了一种基于身份的云存储完整性检测方案，并在随机预言模型下证明了所提方案可以抵抗云服务器的适应性选择身份攻击。
en-us	An identity-based cloud storage integrity checking scheme was proposed on the small integer solution problemover ideal lattices, and it was proven to be secure against the adaptive identity attacks of clouds in the random oraclemodel.

zh-cn	为了验证方案的效率，通过实验将所提方案与现有的 2 种基于身份的云存储完整性检测方案分别进行了比较。
en-us	To validate the efficiency of the scheme, extensive experiments were conducted to make performance- compari-sons between the scheme and the existing two identity-based cloud storage integrity checking schemes.

zh-cn	实验结果显示，所提方案的标签在线生成时间降低了 88.32%~93.74%，证据验证时间降低了 98.81%~99.73%。
en-us	The experimental results show that the online tag-generation time and the proof-verification time of the scheme are respectively reduced by88.32%~93.74% and 98.81%~99.73%.

zh-cn	将认知无线电中的频谱分配技术应用到星地一体化网络中，能够实现卫星与地面通信网络的频谱共享，提高卫星通信系统的频谱利用率。
en-us	By using spectrum allocation technology of cognitive radio into integrated satellite and terrestrial networks, the satellite communication network can share spectrum with the terrestrial network and improve utilization efficiency offrequency spectrum in the satellite communication system.

zh-cn	首先，建立一种星地一体化频谱资源共享模型，分析认知卫星下行链路使用地面网络空闲频谱的场景。
en-us	Firstly, a spectrum resource sharing model in integrated satel-lite and terrestrial networks was introduced, and the scenery that cognitive satellite downlinks use the vacant spectrum of terrestrial network was analyzed.

zh-cn	然后，对干扰模型和信号模型进行推导及分析。
en-us	Then, the interference and signal model was analyzed.

zh-cn	最后，考虑卫星地面终端的不同优先级类型，提出一种基于优先级的频谱分配方案，在保证下行卫星通信总吞吐量的同时，增加高优先级地面终端的吞吐量。
en-us	Finally, considering different priority types of satellite terrestrial terminals, a spectrum allocation scheme based on priority was proposed, which could ensure the total throughput in satellite downlink communication and increase the throughput of high-priority terrestrial terminals.

zh-cn	针对目前民航运输业对机场延误预测高精度的要求，提出一种基于区域残差和长短时记忆（RR-LSTM）网络的机场延误预测模型。
en-us	Nowadays, the civil aviation industry has a high precision requirement of airport delay prediction, so an airportdelay prediction model based on the RR-LSTM network was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，将机场的属性信息、气象信息和相关运行航班信息进行融合；
en-us	Firstly, the airport information, meteorological in-formation and related flight information were integrated.

zh-cn	然后，利用RR-LSTM 网络对融合后的机场数据集进行特征提取；
en-us	Then, the RR-LSTM network was used to extract the features of thefused airport data set.

zh-cn	最后，构建 Softmax 分类器对机场延误分类预测。
en-us	Finally, the Softmax classifier was adopted to classify and predict the airport delay.

zh-cn	所提RR-LSTM 网络模型既能有效提取机场延误数据的时间相关性，又能避免深层 LSTM 网络的梯度消失问题。
en-us	The proposedRR-LSTM network model can not only extract the time correlation of airport delay data effectively, but also avoid the gradi-ent disappearance problem of deep LSTM network.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，RR-LSTM 网络模型预测准确率可达 95.52%，取得了比传统网络模型更好的预测效果。
en-us	The experimental results indicate that the RR-LSTM network model hasa prediction accuracy of 95.52%, which achieves better prediction results than the traditional network model.

zh-cn	其中，融合机场的气象信息和相关运行航班信息后，预测准确率可提高约 11%。
en-us	The prediction accuracy can be improved about 11% by fusing the weather information and the flight information of the airport.

zh-cn	利用 CSI 的室内人员日常行为检测在无线传感网领域如火如荼地发展着，
en-us	The daily behavior detection of indoor human based on CSI is developing rapidly in the field of WSN.

zh-cn	但大多数研究仍停留在 2.4 GHz的环境下，因此在检测率、顽健性、整体性能等方面还亟待提高。
en-us	At pre-sent, most of the research is still in the environment of 2.4 GHz, so the detection rate, robustness and overall performancestill need to be improved.

zh-cn	为解决此类问题，提出了一种基于 CSI 信号的无源室内人员日常行为检测方法 HDFi，该方法在 5 GHz 的环境下对室内人员日常行为检测进行进一步的研究。
en-us	In order to solve this problem, a passive indoor human behavior detection method HDFi (Hu-man Detection with Wi-Fi) based on CSI signal was proposed.

zh-cn	所提检测方法分为 3 步：数据采集、数据处理、特征提取与在线检测。
en-us	The method was used to detect the indoor human dailybehavior in a 5 GHz band environment, which was divided into three steps: data acquisition, data processing, feature ex-traction, online detection.

zh-cn	首先，实验在环境复杂的实验室及相对空旷的会议室采集典型的日常行为动作的数据；
en-us	Firstly, the experiment collected typical daily behavioral data in complex laboratory and rela-tively empty meeting room.

zh-cn	然后，提取特征较为明显的振幅和相位数据，使用低通滤波对信号特征进行处理，得到一组稳定及无噪声干扰的数据；
en-us	Secondly, the amplitude and phase data with more obvious features were extracted and pro-cessed by low-pass filtering to obtain a set of stable and noise-free data, and then the fingerprint database was establishedeffectively.

zh-cn	最后，有效建立指纹库，进行在线检测，利用 SVM 算法对采集到的数据特征进行分类，提取较为稳定的特征值，建立一个室内人员日常行为检测的分类模型，再与指纹库中的数据进行匹配。
en-us	Finally, in the real-time detection stage, the collected data features were classified by SVM algorithm to ex-tract more stable eigenvalues, and a classification model of indoor human daily behavior detection was established, andthen matched the data in the fingerprint database.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法具有高效率、高精度、顽健性较好等特点，且无需测试人员携带任何电子设备，实用性较高。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method has the char-acteristics of high efficiency, high precision and good robustness, and the method does not need any testing personnel tocarry any electronic equipment, so it has high practicability.

zh-cn	设备到设备（D2D）和车辆到万物（V2X）技术有一定相似性，都被视为 5G 通信的重要组成部分，可为蜂窝移动通信提供备用网络服务和多种应用服务。
en-us	The related D2D (device-to-device) and V2X (vehicle-to-everything) are regarded as vital components of 5Gcommunication system, which providing alternative network services and multiple application services for cellular net-work.

zh-cn	而软件定义网络（SDN）可提高 D2D 和 V2X 的通信能力和灵活性。
en-us	In the meanwhile, SDN (software defined networking) can improve the compatibilities and flexibilities of D2D andV2X.

zh-cn	对软件定义的 D2D 通信（SD-D2D）和软件定义的 V2X 通信（SD-V2X）进行了梳理，基于它们的共性和特色，分别剖析了它们的发展现状和通信架构，并分析了 D2D 节点位置和发现管理、D2D 路由控制、D2D 流表管理、V2V 路径规划、V2V 路径恢复等关键技术。
en-us	SD-D2D (software defined D2D communication) and SD-V2X (software defined V2X communication) technolo-gies were reviewed. Based on their similarities and respective characteristics, their state-of-arts and architectures were re-viewed accordingly, and the key technologies such as D2D location/discovery management, D2D routing control, D2Dflow table management, V2V path scheduling, and V2V path recovery were analyzed.

zh-cn	最后指出 SD-D2D 架构已接近成熟，SD-V2X 框架也已初步确定，原有 D2D/V2X 通信中存在的干扰管理、移动管理和路由管理等问题能够得到有效改善，
en-us	Finally, it was pointed out that theSD-D2D architecture was approaching mature and the SD-V2X framework had been preliminarily determined, the exist-ing problems of interference management, mobile management and routing management in D2D/V2X communication could be effectively solved.

zh-cn	同时还指出现有SD-D2D/V2X 研究存在的与实际应用脱节的现象有待克服。
en-us	Furthermore, it was also pointed out that the disconnection between the existingSD-D2D/V2X studies and the actual application needed to be overcome.

zh-cn	针对无线 Mesh 网络安全路由机制匮乏、内部恶意节点在数据传输过程中容易产生分组丢失的问题，提出了一种基于动态信誉的无线 Mesh 网络安全路由机制（SRMDR）。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the wireless Mesh network (WMN) security routing mechanism was scarce andinternal malicious nodes drop data packets during data transmission, a secure routing mechanism based on dynamic repu-tation (SRMDR) for wireless Mesh network was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，采用动态信誉机制评价节点行为，根据节点直接信誉值和推荐信誉值计算节点综合信誉值，整合节点历史综合信誉值与当前综合信誉值计算节点动态信誉值。
en-us	Firstly, the dynamic reputation mechanism was used to evalu-ate the node's behavior, the node's comprehensive reputation value was calculated according to the node's direct reputa-tion value and the recommended reputation value, and the node's dynamic reputation value was calculated according to the node's historical comprehensive reputation value and the current comprehensive reputation value.

zh-cn	然后，结合动态信誉机制和路由机制建立安全路由路径，将动态信誉值小于阈值的节点判定为恶意节点，并在路由过程中将其隔离。实验结果表明，与 HWMP、SHaRP 相比，SRMDR 具有较高的恶意节点识别率，并能有效减小分组丢失率，提高网络吞吐量。
en-us	Then, the dynamicreputation was combined with the routing mechanism to establish secure routing paths, the nodes with a dynamic reputa-tion value less than the threshold were determined to be malicious nodes, which were isolated during the routing process.Experimental results show that compared with HWMP and SHaRP, SRMDR has higher malicious node recognition rates,and SRMDR can effectively reduce packet loss rate and improve network throughput.

zh-cn	针对 5G 双连接切换中辅基站不变的场景，提出了一种新型切换机制。
en-us	A novel handover scheme was proposed for the secondary node (SN) unchanged 5G dual-connectivity scenar-ios.

zh-cn	利用辅基站在切换过程中传输数据，以降低传统切换方式中因完全断开双连接导致数据传输中断所引起的时延。
en-us	In the proposed novel scheme, the SN connection was maintained for data packet transmission during the handover,however, both the main node (MN) and the SN were completely disconnected in the legacy scheme.

zh-cn	首先，对传统切换机制进行分析并进行问题定位；
en-us	The transmissiondelay during handover was decreased greatly by the proposed scheme. Firstly, the legacy handover scheme was analyzedand its deficiency was figured out.

zh-cn	其次，提出和详细阐述新型切换机制的信令交互流程，并分别建立新型切换机制与传统切换机制中数据传输时序模型；
en-us	Then, the novel mechanism's signaling interaction was elaborated and the time se-quence models for the novel scheme and the legacy scheme were further established.

zh-cn	最后，基于数据传输时序模型，用数学推导和仿真的方法对新型机制与传统机制进行对比评估，相关结果显示出新型机制在单个数据分组传输时延、数据分组平均传输时延和数据分组总传输时延三方面的优势。
en-us	Finally, based on the time sequencemodel, the performance evaluation processes were carried out in terms of mathematical modeling and experimental sim-ulations. The analysis results demonstrate that the proposed novel scheme reduces the single packet transmission delay,the average transmission delay and the total transmission delay, and has good performance advantages.

zh-cn	为解决双层卫星网络高、低轨卫星间的组网认证问题，提出了一种安全、高效的星间组网认证方案。
en-us	To solve the issue of networking authentication among GEO and LEO satellites in double-layer satellite network,a secure and efficient authenticated key agreement scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	该方案基于对称加密设计，能够在无可信第三方参与的情况下，实现高、低轨卫星间的信任建立和安全通信。
en-us	Based on symmetric encryption, the proposedscheme can achieve trust establishment and secure communication between satellites without the trusted third party.

zh-cn	针对卫星网络时钟高度统一、节点运行轨迹可预测的场景特点，设计了认证预计算机制，有效提升了星间组网的认证效率。
en-us	Mean-while, considering characteristics of highly unified clock and predictable satellite trajectory in satellite networks, apre-calculation method was designed, which can effectively improve the authentication efficiency of satellite networking.

zh-cn	形式化证明与安全性分析表明，所提方案能够满足卫星在组网阶段的多种安全需求。
en-us	Moreover, formal proof and security analysis demonstrate that the scheme can satisfy various security requirements duringsatellite networking.

zh-cn	性能分析及仿真结果显示，所提方案具有较低的计算和通信开销，能够实现卫星在资源有限场景下的安全组网认证。
en-us	Performance analysis and simulation results show that the scheme has low computation and communi-cation overhead, which can achieve the authentication of satellite networking in resource-limited scenarios.

zh-cn	服务功能链技术通过对虚拟网络功能的编排来支持灵活的网络服务请求。
en-us	Service function chain can support flexible network service requirement by linking virtual network functions.

zh-cn	针对资源有限网络中的服务功能链部署问题，提出了一种基于最优加权图匹配的服务功能链部署方法，
en-us	Aiming at the problem of service function chain deployment in a resource-constrained network, an algorithm for servicefunction chain deployment based on optimal weighted graph matching was proposed.

zh-cn	把服务功能链组合为功能拓扑图，利用邻接矩阵特征向量分解算法获取功能拓扑与物理拓扑的加权图匹配方式，并通过爬山算法对匹配结果进一步优化。
en-us	The service function chains was composed into graphs of functional topography, and the optimal matching results between graphs of functional topologyand physical topology was obtained using eigendecomposition approach, and furtherly the matching results byhill-climbing method was optimized.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法在降低服务功能链部署所需带宽的同时，优化了节点负载和链路带宽的均衡度，可以支持更多的服务请求，且复杂度低，具有较高的时效性。
en-us	Simulation results show that, the proposed algorithm can reduce the required band-width to deploy service function chains, balance the load of nodes and bandwidth of links, and support more service re-quests. What is more, the algorithm has a lower computation complexity and higher time efficience.

zh-cn	为了解决符号执行中路径爆炸、新路径发现率低等问题，提出了基于输入约束的符号执行（ICBSE）优化框架。
en-us	To solve path explosion, low rate of new path's finding in the software testing, a new vulnerability discovering architecture based on input constraint symbolic execution (ICBSE) was proposed.

zh-cn	该方法通过分析程序代码自动提取 3 类输入约束，随后使用这些约束引导符号执行更关注于核心功能代码。
en-us	ICBSE analyzed program source codeto extract three types of constraints automatically. ICBSE then used these input constraints to guide symbolic execution tofocus on core functions.

zh-cn	在 KLEE 中实现了上述优化框架，并对 coreutils、binutils、grep、patch、diff 这 5 个程序套件中的 7 个常用程序做了检测。
en-us	Through implemented this architecture in KLEE, and evaluated it on seven programs from fiveGNU software suites, such as coreutils, binutils, grep, patch and diff.

zh-cn	ICBSE 发现了 7 个之前未知的缺陷（KLEE 只检测其中 3 个）。
en-us	ICBSE detected seven previously unknown bugs(KLEE found three of the seven).

zh-cn	同时，ICBSE 将指令行覆盖率、分支覆盖率分别提升了约 20%，时间开销降低了约 15%。
en-us	In addition, ICBSE increases instruction line coverage/branch coverage by about 20%,and decreases time for finding bugs by about 15%.

zh-cn	针对 RPMA 低功耗广域网基站密度大、业务分布不均匀等特点，提出了一种基于数据挖掘的网络规划方法。
en-us	A network planning method based on data mining was proposed for RPMA low-power wide-area network withlarge density of base stations and uneven traffic distribution.

zh-cn	首先，利用提升回归树算法建立了信号质量预测模型，用于提取网络的覆盖分布空间模式；
en-us	First, a signal quality prediction model was established byusing the boosting regression trees algorithm, which was used to extract the coverage distribution spacial pattern of thenetwork.

zh-cn	然后，针对覆盖分布空间模式，采用加权 k-centroids 分簇算法得到适应当前模式的最优基站部署；
en-us	Then , the weighted k-centroids clustering algorithm was utilized to obtain the optimal base station deploymentfor the current spacial pattern.

zh-cn	最后，根据总目标函数判定得到最终的基站拓扑。
en-us	Finally, according to the total objective function, the best base station topology was deter-mined.

zh-cn	通过真实数据集的仿真实验结果表明，与传统的网络规划方法相比，所提的方法很好地提升低功耗广域网网络的覆盖质量。
en-us	Experiment results with the real data sets show that compared with the traditional network planning method, the proposed method can improve the coverage of low-power wide-area networks.

zh-cn	针对用户对网络服务的差异化可靠性需求，提出一种带有区分保护的虚拟化光无线融合网络可靠传输机制。
en-us	In view of the different reliability requirements of network service, a reliable transmission mechanism withdifferentiated protection was proposed in virtualized fiber-wireless access network.

zh-cn	以用户需求的保护质量及所能够支付的费用作为条件，通过恢复概率进行多等级保护质量的量化，灵活地分配备份保护资源；
en-us	The quality of protection required byusers and the fees that can be paid were used as a prerequisite. The backup protection resources were flexibly allocated byquantifying the multi-level protection quality with the probability of recovery.

zh-cn	利用等级服务区分算法筛选满足业务保护质量等级的保护路径，降低业务阻塞以及不受保护的业务数量，提高业务保护质量。
en-us	Then, for reducing traffic congestion and the unprotected services, the level service differentiation algorithm was used to choose protection link which was satisfied with the level of protection quality.

zh-cn	结果表明所提机制在平均收益开销比和底层网络资源开销等指标上具有较高优势，在满足用户可靠性需求的同时，能够为用户提供更灵活的虚拟网络数据传输。
en-us	The results show the proposed mechanism has more advantages in terms of long-termbenefit-to-cost ratio and underlying network resource overhead, and provides users with a more flexible virtual networktransmission while satisfying users' reliability requirements.

zh-cn	越来越多的用户愿意把数据存储在云存储系统中，数据安全是云存储系统面临的关键问题，为了保证存储在云中数据的完整性、有效性，数据持有性验证（PDP）就显得尤为重要。
en-us	More and more users choose to transfer their applications and data into the cloud. Data security is a key issuefor cloud storage systems. To ensure the integrity and validity of the data stored in the cloud, provable data possession(PDP) scheme is particularly important.

zh-cn	为了验证云存储服务提供商是否完整地存储了用户的数据，基于不可否认 PDP（NRPDP）方案提出了一种新的数据持有性验证方案。
en-us	In order to verify whether the cloud storage service provider had stored the dataof the user completely, a scheme on the basis of NRPDP (non-repudiable PDP) was improved and extended, and a dataretention scheme based on public authentication and private authentication was proposed.

zh-cn	该方案基于公有验证和私有验证，可以同时对云存储中服务提供商与用户的可信性进行验证，满足了验证的不可否认性。
en-us	The scheme can verify thetrustworthiness of the service provider and the user in the cloud storage at the same time, which satisfies thenon-repudiation of the verification.

zh-cn	理论证明了该方案的不可否认性，实验验证了各阶段运行时间效率比现有的单一的公有验证方法或私有验证方法更优。
en-us	The theory proves the non-repudiation of the proposed scheme. The experimentproves that the efficiency of each stage is better than that of the existing single public verification method or private au-thentication method.

zh-cn	异构携能通信网络中CSI 存在随机误差时，为保证信息与能量传输的安全性及可靠性，提出一种人工噪声辅助的顽健能量与信息安全传输方案。
en-us	A heterogeneous network with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer under the stochastic channel state information (CSI) error was considered.

zh-cn	通过联合设计宏基站、微基站的下行信息波束矩阵及人工噪声矩阵，使网络中其他用户信号及人工噪声能够干扰窃听者。
en-us	In this network, to guarantee the security and reliability of infor-mation and energy transmission, an artificial noise (AN)-aided robust secure information and power transmission schemewas proposed.

zh-cn	同时提升系统能量的接收性能。考虑CSI 随机误差，在基站的发送功率约束、合法用户的信息接收中断约束及窃听者的信息窃听中断约束下，以最大化系统能量接收性能为目标进行数学建模。
en-us	By jointly designing the downlink information beamforming and AN matrix of macrocell base station andfemtocell base stations, the eavesdroppers were jammed and the energy receiving performance of system was improvedsimultaneously. The problem of maximizing the energy receiving performance was modeled under the constraints on the base station power, the outage probability of information transfer and confidential information eavesdropped.

zh-cn	建模后的问题是非凸的，首先将其等效转化为一种易于处理的形式；
en-us	Due to the probabilistic and rank-one constraints, this problem was non-convex. To obtain the solution, the original problem was first transformed into an equivalent form, which was easy to process.

zh-cn	然后，分别利用 Berstein-type 不等式和Large-deviation不等式这 2 种方式将其中的中断概率约束转化为凸的线性矩阵不等式；
en-us	Then, the Bernstein-type inequality and theLarge-deviation inequality was utilized to transform the outage probability limits into convex linear matrix inequalities,respectively.

zh-cn	最后结合二次等式引理及递归估计算法处理秩为 1 波束成形约束的非凸性。仿真结果表明，与对比方案相比，所提方案具有更高的系统能量接收性能和可行解性能，验证了其有效性和顽健性。
en-us	Finally, the rank-one beamforming constraints were processed with quadratic equality constraint procedure.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme has higher energy receiving performance and feasible performance incomparison with compared schemes, which validates the effectiveness and the robustness of our proposed scheme.

zh-cn	D-S 证据理论不能很好地解决证据之间高冲突的情况，得到的结果与事实相悖，并且在实际的应用中无法解决“一票否决”的问题。
en-us	The situation of high conflict between evidences and one ballot veto cannot be solved by classical D-S rule,and the results obtained from classical D-S rule are contrary to the facts.

zh-cn	针对上述不足，提出了一种基于 Pignistic 概率函数和相关系数的新证据冲突衡量标准（Pcor）和基于该标准的加权证据组合方法。
en-us	To solve this problem, a new standard to meas-ure conflicts between evidences was proposed based on the combination of Pignistic function transformation and correla-tion coefficient, and also a novel kind of weighted combination method which was applied to measure conflicts betweenevidences was put forward according to the standard.

zh-cn	该方法用 Pcor 来衡量证据间的冲突，通过建立支持矩阵来确定各证据的支持度，用加权平均法修正证据，使用 Dempster 组合规则，最终得出与事实相符的结果。
en-us	After that, a support matrix was constructed based from which the credibility of evidence was obtained, and the weighted average method was used to revise the evidence. Finally, the com-bination was accomplished by using Dempster's rule.

zh-cn	数值算例表明，所提方法有效地解决了高冲突证据组合问题，与相关算法相比，具有更好的收敛性。
en-us	The result of numerical examples shows that it's effective to solvethe combination of conflicting evidence. Compared with other methods, the proposed method has good astringency.

zh-cn	随着数据流量的爆发式增长，用户体验质量急剧恶化，
en-us	The quality of user experience suffers from performance deterioration dramatically due to the explosivelygrowing data traffic.

zh-cn	为了解决密集组网与负载不均衡所引发的小区边缘用户与重负载小区用户性能较差的问题，提出了一种体验质量感知的云无线接入网视频协作缓存与传输机制。
en-us	To improve the poor performance of cell-edge users and heavy-load cell users, which caused by dense network and load imbalance respectively, an QoE-aware video cooperative caching and transmission mechanism incloud radio access network was proposed.

zh-cn	该机制通过建立协作增益感知的虚拟无源光网络，采用光域和无线域协同的方式为视频内容提供协作缓存与传输；
en-us	Cooperative gain-aware virtual passive optical network was established to pro-vide cooperative caching and transmission for video streaming by adopting collaborative approach in optical domain andwireless domain.

zh-cn	进而，联合优化用户视频体验、带宽配置与缓存策略，分别在光域和无线域采用动态预缓存及缓冲水平感知的带宽配置方式，达到提高用户体验质量的目的。
en-us	Furthermore, user experience for video streaming, bandwidth provisioning and caching strategy werejointly optimized to improve QoE, which utilized the methods of dynamic caching in optical domain and buffer lev-el-aware bandwidth configuration in wireless domain.

zh-cn	结果表明，所提机制能够有效地提高缓存命中率，增强用户体验质量。
en-us	The results show that the proposed mechanism enhances the quali-ty of user experience and effectively improves the cache hit rate.

zh-cn	针对多信道车联网的数据传输需求，提出了 V2R/V2V 数据传输调度算法。
en-us	Considering that the data dissemination in multi-channel VANET (vehicular ad hoc network), a cooperativedata dissemination scheduling algorithm was introduced for V2R(vehicle to roadside unit) and V2V(vehicle to vehicle).

zh-cn	算法首先根据车辆的数据传输请求生成初始调度操作，依初始调度操作之间的冲突关系构建初始调度冲突图和冲突矩阵。
en-us	The algorithm created initial scheduling operators according to data requisition of vehicles.

zh-cn	其次，在证明冲突矩阵具有半正定性的基础上，采用半定规划方法进行信道分配并完善调度冲突图。
en-us	Then, initial collision graphand collision matrix were generated based on the conflict among initial scheduling operators.

zh-cn	最后，根据车辆在服务区域的滞留时间和请求传输的数据量赋予其不同的服务权重，依据调度冲突图，结合 V2R/V2V 协作传输的方式分时完成调度。
en-us	After proving the positive semidefinite of collision matrix, SDP (semidefinite programming) was used to channel allocation and collision graph cre-ation. The algorithm then assigned weights for each data requisition according to dwell time and data volume of vehiclesin RSU service region. Furthermore, it selected maximum weighted independent set of collision graph. The goal was tosatisfy the most urgent data requisitions by V2R/V2V cooperate transmission.

zh-cn	交通仿真实验表明，所提算法可以有效利用车联网的多信道特性，通过 V2R/V2V 协作传输调度改善了网络服务容量。
en-us	Transportation simulation results demon-strate that the proposed solution effectively promotes the service capacity by utilizes the multichannel of VANET andV2R/V2V transmission scheduling.

zh-cn	无线紫外光散射通信系统具有严重的码间干扰和信号衰减问题，
en-us	There are serious intersymbol interference (ISI) and signal attenuation in wireless ultraviolet communica-tion system.

zh-cn	针对该问题，提出了一种基于信噪比估计的改进常模分数间隔均衡器（CMA-FSE）算法。
en-us	Aiming at this problem, an improved constant modulus fractionally spaced equalizer (CMA-FSE) basedon signal-to-noise (SNR) estimation was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法将分数间隔均衡器（FSE）和常模算法（CMA）结合起来对无线紫外光信道进行盲均衡，使用接收信号的均方值衡量输入信噪比来确定最佳迭代步长，保证均衡算法快速收敛。
en-us	The algorithm combined the fractionally spaced equalizer (FSE)and constant modulus algorithm (CMA) for blind equalization of wireless ultraviolet channels. The input SNR wasmeasured by the mean square value of the received signal, and it was used to determine the best iterative step to ensurethe convergence of the equalization algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，改进 CMA-FSE 算法能在各种信噪比下快速收敛，并有效抑制码间干扰，改善系统误码率性能。
en-us	Simulation results show that the improved CMA-FSE algorithm canconverge rapidly under various SNR, and it can effectively suppress ISI and improve the BER performance of thesystem.

zh-cn	与现有算法相比，改进算法信道跟踪和噪声抑制能力更强。
en-us	Compared with the existing algorithms, the improved algorithm is more useful in channel tracking and noisesuppression.

zh-cn	研究了非高斯脉冲信道上的分组马尔可夫叠加传输机制。
en-us	Block Markov superposition transmission scheme was used over channels with symmetric alpha-stable (SαS)impulsive noise.

zh-cn	基于精灵辅助等效系统，分析了分组马尔可夫叠加传输系统的性能下界。
en-us	Based on the equivalent genie-aided system, the lower bound of the block Markov superposition trans-mission system was analyzed.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，在特征因子不同的非高斯脉冲信道上，分组马尔可夫叠加编码技术均可获得较高的编码增益，且误比特率较低区域的误码性能均可与精灵辅助下界贴合。
en-us	Numerical simulations over non-Gaussian impulsive channels with different characteris-tic exponents show that, in the low bit-error rate region, performance of the block Markov superposition transmission system matches well with the lower bound.

zh-cn	在 BER = 10 −5 时，分组马可夫叠加传输系统便可达到距离香农限约 0.85 dB 的性能。
en-us	Block Markov superposition transmission scheme performs well (with 0.85 dBaway from Shannon limits at the BER of 10 −5 ) over non-Gaussian impulsive channels.

zh-cn	广泛存在的分布式拒绝服务（DDoS）攻击对于软件定义网络（SDN）的控制器形成了致命威胁，至今还没有一种安全机制能够防御。
en-us	DDoS attack extensively existed have been mortal threats for the software-defined networking (SDN) control-lers and there is no any security mechanism which can prevent them yet.

zh-cn	将 SDN 和网络功能虚拟化（NFV）结合，提出了一种新颖的防范 DDoS 攻击 SDN控制器的前置检测中间盒（UDM）机制，在 SDN 交换机端口与用户主机之间分布式部署 UDM 以检测并拒止 DDoS攻击报文。
en-us	Combining SDN and network function virtual-ization (NFV), a novel preventing mechanism against DDoS attacks on SDN controller called upfront detectionmiddlebox (UDM) was proposed. The upfront detection middlebox was deployed between SDN switch interfaces and us-er hosts distributed, and DDoS attack packets were detected and denied.

zh-cn	此外，还提出了一种基于 NFV 的前置中间盒的实现方法，使这种 UDM 机制更为经济和有效，实现了基于该机制的原型系统，并对其进行大量测试。
en-us	An NFV-based method of implementing the up-front middlebox was put forward, which made the UDM mechanism be economical and effective. A prototype systembased on this mechanism was implemented and lots experiments were tested.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，基于 NFV 的 UDM 机制能够实时有效地检测和防止对控制器的 DDoS 攻击。
en-us	The experimental results show that the UDMmechanism based on NFV can real-time and effectively detect and prevent against DDoS attacks on SDN controllers.

zh-cn	研究了口碑参与模式下参与用户之间的博弈行为，探究个体利益最大化的最佳策略。
en-us	The behavior of mobile contributors in mobile crowd sourcing with the WoM was investigated. It was supposed that each mobile contributor was rational, seeking for the highest utility.

zh-cn	首先，给出了口碑参与模式下移动用户行为交互场景和相关定义，提出的移动用户效应函数不仅考虑了用户的数据贡献量，还考虑了用户邀请与合作因素，能激励用户之间相互合作；
en-us	The behavior of mobile contributors with a two-level Stackelberg game was formulated. In the first-level game, a mobile contributor who directly worked for the crowdsourcer acted as the leader, while contributors invited by first-level con-tributors were followers called the second-level contributors. In the second-level game, the second-level contributors were the leaders and contributors invited by them were followers.

zh-cn	然后，基于博弈论斯塔克伯格模型分析了口碑参与模式下用户的博弈过程，把用户之间的行为交互分成两级博弈过程，应用逆向归纳法分析得出一级和二级博弈中用户的最佳对策，并获得了斯塔克伯格均衡；
en-us	The Nash equilibrium for each Stackelberg game was proved was existed and unique, and designed an algorithm to reach the equilibrium.

zh-cn	最后，证明了斯塔克伯格均衡的存在唯一性，提出了计算斯塔克伯格均衡的算法。
en-us	Backward induction approach to compute the best response of each game was adopted,

zh-cn	数值实验结果验证了用户效应函数的合理性和斯塔克伯格均衡的存在唯一性。
en-us	and the simulation results show the correctness of theoretical anal-ysis for the interaction among contributors in crowdsoucing with WoM.

zh-cn	多用户空时分组编码系统存在译码复杂度高的问题。
en-us	Multi-user space time block code systems have the problem of high decoding complexity.

zh-cn	为了降低系统译码复杂度并保证较好的系统性能，将低复杂度的迫整检测算法用于多用户空时分组编码中，并基于等效噪声功率最小化原则获取了迫整检测的差错概率上界。
en-us	To ensure good sys-tem performance with low decoding complexity at the same time, low complexity integer-forcing (IF) detection algorithmwas applied to multi-user space time block code. Then the upper bound of error probability for IF detection was derivedby minimizing the equivalent noise power.

zh-cn	为了解决迫整检测的多用户空时分组编码设计问题，提出了基于迫整检测的全分集多用户空时分组编码设计准则，证明只要每个用户的空时分组编码方案均满足非零奇异值特性，则多用户空时分组编码可获得满分集增益，且其编码增益与最小奇异值有关。
en-us	To obtain good multi-user space time block code when decoded with IF detec-tion, a full-diversity design criterion was proposed. It was proved that full diversity could be achieved if every user'sspace time block code had property of non-vanishing singular value.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，满足设计准则的空时分组编码方案能够获得满分集增益。
en-us	Simulation result shows that the code gain is foundrelated to the minimum singular value.

zh-cn	随着网络中业务量的急剧增长以及宽带业务的普及，传统的波分复用光网络由于灵活性差、频谱资源浪费严重而面临严峻挑战。
en-us	With the rapid growth of the network traffic, the elastic optical network (EON) has been proposed as a prom-ising solution due to its high spectrum efficiency and flexible bandwidth provision.

zh-cn	弹性光网络以灵活利用频谱为特征，可以根据用户需要和业务量大小动态分配适量的频谱资源并配置相应的调制格式，有效克服了波分复用光网络的缺陷。同时，弹性光网络中的多播路由和频谱分配以及网络的生存性问题也变得更加复杂。
en-us	Meanwhile, multicast routing andspectrum allocation, and the survivability of the network become more challenging than that in the conventional opticalnetwork. The routing for multicast traffic and its protection algorithm in EON was investigated.

zh-cn	针对弹性光网络中多播路由和保护算法进行了研究，首先引入整数线性规划模型（ILP, integer linear programming），最大限度地利用网络中的频谱资源。
en-us	An integer linear pro-gramming (ILP) formulation with the objective to minimize total spectrum consumption was presented.

zh-cn	在此基础上，提出了启发式算法——基于多播子树的分段路由频谱分配保护算法（MSPA, multicast sub-tree protection algorithm），为多播业务请求提供保护的同时最小化频谱资源的使用。
en-us	In addition, aheuristic algorithm called multicast sub-tree protection algorithm (MSPA) to achieve sufficient protection and satisfy re-sources savings was designed.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与传统的多播路由算法及多播保护算法相比，所提算法通过改变信号调制格式，灵活运用链路上的频谱碎片，可以降低网络的阻塞率，提高网络的频谱利用率。
en-us	The simulation results demonstrate that comparing with the traditional multicast routingand protection algorithm, MSPA performs well in improving the blocking probability and the spectrum utilization of thenetwork.

zh-cn	针对目前智能手机识别人体运动状态种类少、准确率低的问题，提出一种利用加速度传感器和重力传感器分层识别人体运动状态的方案。
en-us	To solve problems of low accuracy and fewer types of human motion state recognized by current smart phones,a method to do hierarchical recognition by using acceleration sensors and gravity sensors was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，利用加速度和重力加速度的关系计算出与手机方向无关的惯性坐标系下的线性加速度；
en-us	Firstly, linearacceleration in inertial coordinate system and independent of phone direction was calculated by using the relation be-tween acceleration and gravity acceleration.

zh-cn	其次，根据人体运动频率的变化范围和线性加速度矢量来确定脚步的波峰和波谷位置；
en-us	Secondly, according to the span of human motion frequency and linear ac-celeration vector, positions of peak and trough of footsteps were determined.

zh-cn	最后，提取线性加速度在时域上的特征向量，使用层次支持向量机方法分层识别人体运动状态。
en-us	Finally, feature vector of linear accelerationin time domain was extracted and human motion states were recognized hierarchically by using hierarchical support vec-tor machine (H-SVM).

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方法能有效识别人体 6 种日常运动状态，准确率达到 93.37%。
en-us	The experiment shows the method can recognize six usual human motion states, while accuracyrate up to 93.37%.

zh-cn	云计算技术与无线传感器网络结合所产生的传感云（sensor-cloud）系统已经逐渐成为研究的热点。
en-us	The sensor-cloud is combined with cloud computing and wireless sensor networks, which extends the serviceability of WSN by the support of cloud computing. It is one of the hot topics among the current researches.

zh-cn	传感云在云计算平台的支撑下扩展了传统传感网的服务能力。
en-us	After com-paring and surveying the mainstream system adequately, the characteristics and development of sensor-Cloud weresummed up.

zh-cn	对目前主流传感云系统进行了充分调研，总结了传感云系统的特点和发展规律，发现系统中存在的可信问题将直接影响到上层数据保护和应用；
en-us	Then, the direct influence of existing trust issues in the system for data protection and application on upperlayer were found. The announced reasons explained that existing schemes were difficult to provide trusted sensor-cloudservices.

zh-cn	揭示了已有方案难以提供可信传感云服务是因为底层无线传感网能量不足、计算能力弱、易故障等，以及云计算模式缺乏对底层传感器节点和数据的直接管理等；
en-us	This was because that the capabilities of the underlying WSN nodes were too weak, and cloud computing modellacked the direct management of underlying nodes and data and so on.

zh-cn	构建了基于雾计算模式的可信传感云实现框架，设计了可信评估、可信数据收集、可信存储等关键技术，也为后续研究提出可供借鉴的新思路。
en-us	The trusted structures based on fog computingwere given, and the key technologies of trusted evaluation, trusted data collection, and trusted storage were designed. Fi-nally, the discussion pointed out new views for the researches in trusted sensor-cloud.

zh-cn	由于 Logistic 非线性混沌系统在一定的参数下，具有初值敏感性和拓扑复杂性等特点，因此 Logistic 混沌系统可以作为随机序列信号发生器。
en-us	Logistic nonlinear chaotic system has many good characters such as initial value sensitivity and topologicalmixing in the some parameter condition, which is used to create the random sequence signal generator.

zh-cn	同时由于集成电路在生产、制作的过程中，即使采用完全相同的设计方法和制造工艺，也会在器件上产生不可控的微小差异，这些微小差异便成为集成电路不可克隆的基础。
en-us	Because of the at-tributions of randomness and uniqueness even under the exact, the same circuit layouts and manufacturing procedures,there is still an instinct unclonable difference in each integrated circuit.

zh-cn	基于此特点，提出了一种基于可编程逻辑阵列（FPGA）的双输出查找表（LUT）结构的物理不可克隆函数（PUF）的 Logistic随机混沌序列信号发生器，该混沌序列发生器具有物理的唯一性，能够有效地抵抗对于系统的复制和攻击。
en-us	Therefore, a new sequence stream generator wasproposed based on Logistic chaotic system and physical unclonable function designed by double output look-up-table(LUT). The output of the Logistic sequence generator was associated with a specific physical circuit. This kind of se-quence generator could resist an attack such as the replication of the keys of the system.

zh-cn	将该系统在 Xilinx 公司的 FPGA 开发板上进行测试和验证，结果表明，同样的电路结构和配置文件在不同的 FPGA 开发板上能够产生不同的随机序列，提高了混沌序列的随机性。
en-us	The system was designed and tested on the Xilinx FPGA board. The results show that the same architecture of the circuit and the same config file oper-ated on the different FPGA developing board can generate the total different random chaotic sequence stream and im-prove the randomness of the stream.

zh-cn	为了分析布尔混沌系统的物理随机性，构建了基于自治布尔网络的电路混沌模型，建立了包含相位噪声特性的数学方程，研究了相位噪声对布尔混沌熵增长时间（记忆时间）的影响。
en-us	To analyze the physical randomness of Boolean chaos, the model for chaotic circuit system based on autono-mous Boolean network was established. In addition, the equations of the Boolean network with phase noise were deduced.By considering the phase noise, the time for the growth of entropy for an ensemble of trajectories, called the memorytime, was analyzed.

zh-cn	研究结果表明，在相位噪声的影响下，布尔混沌输出将在有限的记忆时间（数十纳秒）后达到无法预测，且相位噪声越强，布尔混沌平均记忆时间越短。
en-us	It was demonstrated that Boolean chaos would be unpredictable after tens of nanoseconds, and lessaverage memory time was required as the phase noise strength increased.

zh-cn	这证明了相位噪声是布尔混沌物理随机性的来源，且布尔混沌可以作为性能良好的真随机数物理熵源。
en-us	It is shown that Boolean chaos has physicalrandomness because of phase noise and it also lays the theoretical foundation for the entropy source of true random num-ber generator based on chaotic Boolean network.

zh-cn	良好的负载均衡机制是有效利用数据中心网络带宽的必备条件。
en-us	A good load balance mechanism is the key to effectively use the network of the data center network.

zh-cn	现有的等价多路径路由（ECMP）的负载均衡方法由于负载均衡粒度过粗，且不具备对路径拥塞状态感知的能力，因此负载均衡效率较低。
en-us	In current production data center, ECMP is the de facto load balancing scheme. However, it has two drawbacks. 1) the load balanceunit is too coarse-grained, 2) it's not congestion aware.

zh-cn	为解决此问题，近年来出现了一系列细粒度且具备拥塞感知能力的负载均衡研究工作。
en-us	To solve these problems, several fine-grained and conges-tion-aware load balancing works have emerged in recent years.

zh-cn	然而，这些研究或者需要修改交换机硬件以实时搜集网络各部位的拥塞情况，难以部署；
en-us	These works either need to modify the switch hardware to collect congestion in various parts of the network in real time, and it is difficult to deploy;

zh-cn	或者虽不需要修改交换机硬件，仅需对端系统的软件进行修改，但由于缺乏准确的网络拥塞信息而导致负载混合效果不佳。
en-us	or only need to modify the end system, but the inaccurate sense of congestion cannot achieve a good load balancing effect.

zh-cn	针对该问题，提出了一种实现于端系统上的软件解决方案 ELAB，该方案不需要对网络中的硬件进行修改，就可以达到良好的负载均衡效果。ELAB 创造性地采用了基于可用带宽的方式进行流量负载均衡，相比于现有的基于端系统的方法，ELAB 性能提升达 20%。
en-us	A novel edge-based load bal-ancing scheme ELAB was proposed, which addresses above existing problems and improves the network performance upto 20%.

zh-cn	5G 网络中超密集基站的部署规划、多维资源管理、活跃/休眠切换等方面都依赖于对区域内用户数量的准确预测。
en-us	The deployment and planning for ultra-dense base stations, multidimensional resource management, and on-offswitching in 5G networks rely on the accurate prediction of crowd flows in the specific areas.

zh-cn	针对这一需求，提出了一种基于移动网络用户位置信息的区域人群流量预测的深度时空网络模型。
en-us	A deep spatial-temporal networkfor regional crowd flows prediction was proposed, by using the spatial-temporal data acquired from mobile networks.

zh-cn	通过建模不同尺度的时空依赖关系，融合各种外部特征信息，并以短时局部流量信息降低对实时全局信息传输的要求，实现了城市范围的区域人群流量预测，对提高 5G 网络性能具有重要意义。
en-us	A deeplearning based method was used to model the spatial-temporal dependencies with different scales. External factors werecombined further to predict citywide crowd flows. Only data from local regions was applied to model the closeness of prop-erties of the crowd flows, in order to reduce the requirements for transmitting the globe data in real time. It is of importancefor improving the performance of 5G networks.

zh-cn	通过基于呼叫详单数据的区域人群流量预测实验表明，与现有流量预测模型相比，所提模型具有更高的预测精度。
en-us	The proposed model was evaluated based on call detail record data set. The experiment results show that the proposed model outperforms the other prediction models in term of the prediction precision.

zh-cn	针对蜂窝网资源分配多目标优化问题，提出了一种基于深度强化学习的蜂窝网资源分配算法。
en-us	In order to solve multi-objective optimization problem, a resource allocation algorithm based on deep rein-forcement learning in cellular networks was proposed.

zh-cn	首先构建深度神经网络（DNN），优化蜂窝系统的传输速率，完成算法的前向传输过程；
en-us	Firstly, deep neural network (DNN) was built to optimize thetransmission rate of cellular system and to complete the forward transmission process of the algorithm.

zh-cn	然后将能量效率作为奖惩值，采用 Q-learning 机制来构建误差函数，利用梯度下降法来训练 DNN 的权值，完成算法的反向训练过程。
en-us	Then, theQ-learning mechanism was utilized to construct the error function, which used energy efficiency as the rewards. The gra-dient descent method was used to train the weights of DNN, and the reverse training process of the algorithm was com-pleted.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提出的算法可以自主设置资源分配方案的偏重程度，收敛速度快，在传输速率和系统能耗的优化方面明显优于其他算法。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can determine optimization extent of optimal resourceallocation scheme with rapid convergence ability, it is obviously superior to the other algorithms in terms of transmissionrate and system energy consumption optimization.

zh-cn	对无线通信系统的高可靠性与超高容量需求促进了第五代移动通信（5G）的发展，
en-us	The development of the fifth-generation wireless communications (5G) system is promoted by the high re-quirements of the high reliability and super-high network capacity.

zh-cn	然而，随着通信系统的日益复杂，现有的物理层无线通信技术难以满足这些高的性能需求。
en-us	However, existing communication techniques are hardto achieve the high requirements due to the more and more complexity design in 5G system.

zh-cn	目前，深度学习被认为是处理物理层通信的有效工具之一，基于此，主要探讨了深度学习在物理层无线通信中的潜在应用，并且证明了其卓越性能。
en-us	Currently, deep learning isconsidered one of effective tools to handle the physical layer wireless communications. Several potential applicationsbased on deep learning were reviewed, and their effectiveness were confirmed.

zh-cn	最后，提出几个可能发展的基于深度学习的物理层无线通信技术。
en-us	Finally, several potential techniques indeep learning based physical layer wireless communications were pointed out.

zh-cn	5G 的设计目标是满足 2020 年以后移动通信市场的业务发展新需求，满足更高速率、更低时延、更大连接数密度等能力要求。
en-us	The 5 th generation mobile system (5G) was designed to fulfill the mobile market requirements for higher datarate, lower latency and higher connection density beyond 2020.

zh-cn	3.5 GHz 是目前全球规划的最典型的 5G 频率，并有望实现全球统一划分，5G 在该频段上的性能表现对未来全球的 5G 部署具有极大的参考意义。
en-us	3.5 GHz spectrum was a typical band for 5G deploymentand could be a global band for 5G development. The performance of 3.5 GHz 5G would be very meaningful as a refer-ence for global operators.

zh-cn	结合 5G 新空口标准的第一个版本，中国移动联合国内合作伙伴开展了面向 3.5 GHz 的 5G 样机设计和优化，并在典型的城区外场环境开展了小规模的外场实验，针对 5G 系统的峰值速率、小区吞吐量、覆盖能力等进行了测试验证。
en-us	Based on the first release of 5G specification frozen in June 2018 by 3 rd generation partnerproject (3GPP), field trials of 5G network in typical urban area were conducted to validate the peak data rate, cellthroughput and latency of 5G network.

zh-cn	测试结果充分证明，5G 新空口系统可以实现 1 Gbit/s 以上的峰值速率和 4 ms 的空口单向时延。
en-us	The trial results show that 5G NR system can achieved 1 Gbit/s peak data rate and4 ms latency of single direction.

zh-cn	传统的隐私保护的图像检索方案会带来较大的计算量和通信开销，且在多用户场景下无法保护图像特征向量和查询请求的隐私。
en-us	The traditional privacy-preserving image retrieval schemes not only bring large computational and communi-cation overhead, but also cannot protect the image and query privacy in multi-user scenarios.

zh-cn	为此，提出了多用户场景下高效隐私保护的基于内容的图像检索方案。
en-us	To solve above problems, anefficient privacy-preserving content-based image retrieval scheme was proposed in multi-user scenarios.

zh-cn	该方案利用隐私保护的欧式距离比较技术对图像特征向量进行相似度排序并返回 top-k 结果。
en-us	The schemeused Euclidean distance comparison technique to rank the pictures according to similarity of picture feature vectors andreturn top-k returned.

zh-cn	同时，设计的高效密钥转换协议允许每一个检索用户使用自身的私钥生成查询请求，并检索不同数据拥有者生成的加密图像。
en-us	Meanwhile, the efficient key conversion protocol designed in proposed image retrieval scheme al-lowed each search user to generate queries based on his own private key so that he can retrieval encrypted images gener-ated by different data owners.

zh-cn	安全分析表明，图像检索过程中，用户个人隐私以及云端数据安全都可以得到保护，且基于实际数据集的性能分析表明提出的图像检索方案在实际应用中是高效可行的。
en-us	Strict security analysis shows that the user privacy and cloud data security can be well pro-tected during the image retrieval process, and the performance analysis using real-world dataset shows that the proposedimage retrieval scheme is efficient and feasible in practical applications.

zh-cn	在明文环境下根据用户的兴趣模型以及查询关键词能够获得用户个性化的搜索结果会导致敏感数据和用户隐私信息的泄露，不利于含有敏感数据的云搜索服务的推广，鉴于此，数据通常以密文的形式存储在云服务器中。
en-us	In the plain text environment, users' personalized search results can be obtained through users' interest modeland query keywords. However, it may possibly result in the disclosure of sensitive data and privacy, which prevents usingsensitive data in cloud search. Therefore, data is generally stored in the form of ciphertext in the cloud server.

zh-cn	用户在使用云搜索服务时，希望在海量的密文中快速地获得自己想要的搜索结果。
en-us	In the process of cloud search service, users intend to quickly obtain the desired search results from the vast amount of cipher-text.

zh-cn	为了解决这一问题，在个性化搜索中提出了一种基于多边缘服务器的隐私保护方法，
en-us	In order to solve the problem, it was proposed that a method of privacy protection based on multiple edge servers inpersonalized search shall be used.

zh-cn	该方法通过引入多个边缘服务器，并通过切割索引与查询矩阵，实现了在边缘服务器上计算部分用户查询与部分文件索引之间的相关性得分，
en-us	By introducing multiple edge servers and cutting the index as well as the query matrix,the computing relevance scores of partial query and partial file index are achieved on the edge server.

zh-cn	云服务器只需要将边缘服务器上得到的相关性得分做简单处理即能返回与用户查询最相关的前 K 个文件，使其特别适用于大量用户在海量密文中的个性化搜索。
en-us	The cloud serveronly needs to get the relevance score on the edge server and make a simple processing that can return to the most relevantTop K files by user query, so as to make it particularly suitable for a large number of users in the massive personalized ciphertext search.

zh-cn	安全分析和实验结果表明，该方法能很好地保护用户的隐私以及数据的机密性，并具有高效的搜索效率，能为用户提供了更好的个性化搜索体验。
en-us	Security analysis and experimental results show that this method can effectively protect users' privacyand data confidentiality. In addition, it can guarantee high efficiency in search to provide better personalized search expe-rience.

zh-cn	针对基于软件定义网络（SDN）的复杂结构中不同资源效用目标共存、资源选择策略相互影响的问题，提出了一种基于 SDN 的网络资源选择多目标优化算法。
en-us	For the problem of coexistence of different resource utility objectives and mutual influence of resource selec-tion strategies in the complex structure of software-defined network (SDN), an SDN based network resource selectionmulti-objective optimization algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法综合考虑资源供给方和客户方对资源效用的不同优化目标，构建资源选择多目标优化模型，并采用基于参考矢量的多目标优化算法对模型求解。
en-us	The optimization goals of resource providers and clients were tak-en into account in the algorithm, and a resource selection multi-objective optimization model was constructed. The modelwas further solved by the reference vector based multi-objective optimization algorithm.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与其他资源优化算法相比，所提算法能够快速收敛得到均匀分布的非劣解集，均衡基于 SDN 资源接入管理时多方的优化目标。
en-us	Simulation results show thatcompared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm could quickly converge to the uniformly distributed non-inferiorsolution set, and balance the optimization objects of multi-party in SDN based resource access management.

zh-cn	提出了一种基于海杂波中目标幅度信息的稳健多伯努利滤波器，利用海杂波和目标的幅度信息改进量测似然，当目标与杂波相距较近时，能够更好地区分目标和杂波，提升对海探测环境下雷达的多目标跟踪性能。
en-us	A robust multi-Bernoulli filter based on the amplitude information of the target in sea clutter was proposed, inwhich the amplitude information of the target and sea clutter was exploited to improve the measurement likelihood.Therefore, the proposed approach could distinguish targets from clutter better when they were spatially close, which fur-ther enhanced the ability to track targets in marine radar detection applications.

zh-cn	通过在 K 分布海杂波环境下对 Swerling Ⅰ型起伏目标的跟踪实验，证明了所提方法具有比稳健多伯努利滤波器更优的多目标势估计、状态估计和杂波率估计性能。
en-us	The simulation results of Swerling type Ⅰfluctuating targets tracking in K distributed sea clutter show that, the proposed algorithm is superior in performance to therobust multi-Bernoulli filter in terms of state estimation, cardinality estimation, as well as clutter rate estimation.

zh-cn	针对物联网无线携能通信系统中能量输送和信息传输的差异性需求，提出了一种“信息−能量”动态切换的机会安全传输方案。
en-us	Aiming at the different requirements of energy transmission and information transmission in simultaneouswireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), an opportunistic transmission scheme was proposed for enhancingphysical layer security.

zh-cn	首先，考虑多小区、多用户、多窃听者的时域切换型携能通信网络模型，发送端根据信道状态在能量输送与信息传输之间动态切换，改变了传统能量输送与信息传输的固定分配方案，从而满足能量输送和信息传输的差异性需求。
en-us	Firstly, a SWIPT network with multi-cells was considered where multi-users, multi-eavesdroppersand the users were assumed to adopt time-switching based receivers and employ non-linear conversion model to harvestenergy.

zh-cn	在此基础上，综合分析了能量传输和信息传输的性能，包括能量传输的稳定性和效率以及在窃听者独立窃听、联合窃听场景下信息传输的可靠性和安全性。
en-us	The transmitter could dynamically switch between information transmission and power transfer according to thechannel state, breaking the traditional fixed slot allocation scheme of energy transmission and information transmission.On this basis, the performances of energy transmission and information transmission were analyzed comprehensively, in-cluding the stability and efficiency of energy transmission, and the reliability and security of information transmission inthe scenario of independent eavesdropping and joint eavesdropping.

zh-cn	然后，分析了切换门限对系统性能的影响，并在能量约束条件下，为兼顾系统安全性和可靠性，设计了最大化保密吞吐量的切换门限优化算法。
en-us	Next, a switching threshold optimization model wasgiven to maximize its secrecy throughput under the constraint of the energy transmission, the reliability and secrecy per-formance requirements of information transmission.

zh-cn	最后，仿真证明了所提方案的有效性。
en-us	Finally, simulation results verify the validity of the proposed scheme.

zh-cn	协同车辆安全系统依靠周期性广播的单跳数据分组来追踪周围车辆，车辆密度过高会导致信道拥塞，严重影响协同车辆安全系统的性能。
en-us	Cooperative vehicle safety system (CVSS) rely on periodical beacons to track neighboring vehicles. High trafficdensity often causes channel congestion, seriously damaging the performance of CVSS.

zh-cn	现有的拥塞控制策略仅保证网络层的性能，没有考虑车辆不同交通场景下的微观服务需求。
en-us	Existing congestion control strate-gies aim to ensure the performance in network layer, without considering the service requirements of vehicles in differentdriving contexts.

zh-cn	为解决该问题，提出了一种基于网络效用最大化理论的分布式拥塞控制策略。
en-us	To solve the problem, a distributed congestion control strategy using network utility maximization (NUM)theory was proposed.

zh-cn	该策略首先提出了车联网信道资源分配的网络效用最大化模型，并且提出了反映车辆安全需求的效用函数；
en-us	First of all, the NUM model for channel resource allocation was introduced. A utility function reflect-ing vehicle's safety requirements was proposed in the model.

zh-cn	然后基于该模型，建立了传输功率固定条件下无线信道资源分配的优化问题；
en-us	Then under the condition of fixed transmit powers, a optimiza-tion problem of channel resource allocation was proposed.

zh-cn	最后为求解该优化问题，设计了分布式拥塞控制算法UBRCC，该算法通过更新车辆的拥塞“价格”求解最优数据分组发送速率，实现了面向单个车辆安全需求的信道资源分配。
en-us	Lastly, to solve the optimization problem, a distributed congestioncontrol algorithm named utility-based rate congestion control (UBRCC) algorithm was designed, the algorithm worked outthe optimal beaconing rate by updating vehicle's congestion price, realizing the resource allocation according to vehicle'ssafety requirements.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，UBRCC 算法在控制信道拥塞的同时，能够有效地减小传输时延，确保数据分组可靠发送，满足车辆安全应用的服务需求。
en-us	Simulation results validate that UBRCC algorithm can efficiently control channel congestion, reducetransmission delay, ensure reliable data transmission and satisfies the requirements of safety applications.

zh-cn	针对窄带物联网（NB-IoT）低功耗、低成本、低采样率等特点，提出了一种基于小区间干扰消除的 NB-IoT时延估计算法，所提算法引入了小区间迭代干扰消除算法，以逐步消除各小区信号之间的相互影响。
en-us	Aiming at the characteristics of NB-IoT such as low power consumption, low cost and low sampling rate, anNB-IoT delay estimation algorithm based on inter-cell interference cancellation was proposed. To gradually eliminate theinteraction between signals in each cell, an inter-cell iterative interference cancellation algorithm was considered.

zh-cn	在每一次迭代中，在传统相关算法的基础上引入时频互相关交叠的思想来提升时延估计精度以突破采样率的限制，并采用基于噪声门限的首达径（FAP）搜索算法来抑制多径效应的影响。
en-us	In eachiteration, the idea of time-frequency cross-correlation overlapping was introduced on the basis of traditional correlationalgorithms to break through the limitations of the sampling rate and further improve the accuracy of time delay estimation.At the same time, a first-arrival-path (FAP) searching algorithm based on noise threshold was used to suppress multipatheffects.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明所提算法可以在相关算法的基础上明显提高 NB-IoT 的时延估计精度。
en-us	Through experimental simulation, the results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the timedelay estimation accuracy of NB-IoT on the basis of related algorithms.

zh-cn	景区多点路径规划问题是一个 NP-hard 问题，相当于寻找经过起始点和特定节点的最短路径。
en-us	The problem of multi-point path planning is a NP-hard problem, which is equivalent to finding the shortestpath of a starting point and some specific node.

zh-cn	针对多点路径规划问题，提出了回溯蚁群−粒子群混合算法，该算法运用弗洛伊德（Floyd-Warshall）算法将图进行转换并且结合了蚁群算法和粒子群算法寻找最短路径。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of multi-point path planning, a retrospective antcolony-particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed. This algorithm used Floyd-Warshall to transform the graphand combined ant colony algorithm and particle swarm algorithm to find the shortest path.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，此算法可以在小规模数据下快速找到精确解，同时，在较大规模数据量下，可以得到比最大最小蚁群算法和遗传算法更好的结果。
en-us	The experimental results show that this algorithm can find the precise solution under small data, at the same time, under a large amount of data, can bebetter than the maximum minimum ant colony algorithm and genetic algorithm.

zh-cn	为确保水下无人艇的通信安全，提出一种基于正交频分复用系统的水下声信道物理层密钥生成方案。
en-us	To ensure the communication safety of unmanned underwater vehicle, a physical layer key generation schemeof underwater acoustic channel based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，提出一个本地导频辅助信道探测协议，解决了由于水声信道中传播时延较大引起的互易性受损问题，保证密钥随机性，增强对邻近窃听者的防御能力；
en-us	First, a local pilot assistance channel sounding protocol was proposed to solve the reciprocity impaired caused by thegreat propagation delay in the underwater acoustic channel, ensure high key randomness and enhance the defensesagainst nearby eavesdroppers.

zh-cn	其次，提出一个双层补偿聚合结合自适应保护间隔的量化方法，提升了密钥一致性且使密钥生成速率维持在较高水平。
en-us	Secondly, double-layer compensation centralized combined with adaptive guard intervalquantization method was proposed to improve key agreement rate and key generation rate.

zh-cn	仿真结果显示，所提方案有效地克服了水声通信中互易性受损的问题，且在密钥一致性优于现有水声密钥生成方案的前提下保证了高密钥生成速率和较高的随机性。
en-us	Simulation results show that the scheme effectively overcomes the problems of impaired reciprocity and ensures high key generation rate and highrandomness on the premise that the key agreement is superior to the existing schemes.

zh-cn	针对现有恶意 PDF 文档在检测方案存在特征顽健性差、易被逃避检测等问题，提出了一种基于混合特征的恶意 PDF 文档检测方法，
en-us	Aiming at the problem of poor robustness and easy to evade detection in the detection of malicious PDF doc-ument, a malicious PDF document detection method based on mixed features was proposed.

zh-cn	采用动静态混合分析技术从文档中提取出其常规信息、结构信息以及 API 调用信息，并基于 K-means 算法设计了特征提取方法，聚合出表征文档安全性的核心混合特征，从而提高了特征的顽健性。
en-us	It adopted dynamic and stat-ic analysis technology to extract the regular information, structure information and API calling information from thedocument, and then a feature extraction method based on K-means clustering algorithm was designed to filter and selectthe key mixed features that characterize the document security. Ultimately, it improved the robustness of features.

zh-cn	在此基础上，利用随机森林算法构建分类器并设计实验，对所提方案的检测性能以及抵抗模拟攻击的能力进行了探讨。
en-us	On this basis, it used random forest algorithm to construct classifier and perform experiment to discuss the detection performanceof the scheme and its ability to resist mimicry attacks.

zh-cn	稀疏码多址接入（SCMA）技术是新一代 5G 通信技术的多址技术方案之一。
en-us	Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) technology is one of the multiple access technology schemes for the newgeneration of 5G.

zh-cn	针对 5G 海量用户传输需求问题，提出了用户传输信息时采用 logistic 混沌序列代替原始系统中的随机序列来选择码本。
en-us	In order to solve the transmission requirement of massive users, the logistic chaos sequence was pro-posed instead of the random sequence in the original system to select the codeword.

zh-cn	在编码端利用基于网格编码调制（TCM）的子集分割法设计星座图，结合映射矩阵生成码本，用户信息经信道传输后在解码端通过消息传递算法（MPA）进行解码。
en-us	The constellation method based ontrellis coded modulation (TCM) subset segmentation with the mapping matrix was used to generate codebook in the en-coder, and decoded through message passing algorithm (MPA) detection method.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，利用混沌的伪随机序列选择码字，系统传输的误码率（BER）较低，且在高过载率情况下系统性能表现良好
en-us	The simulation results show that the biterror rate (BER) is low when the system uses the pseudo-random sequence of chaos to select the codeword, and the sys-tem also performs well under the condition of high overload rate.

zh-cn	北斗三号系统选择 B1C 信号作为民用导航信号，并在 B1 频段采用复杂的恒包络调制，
en-us	The B1C signal is selected as a civil navigation signal for the BDS-3 system, which adopts a complex constantenvelope modulation in the B1 frequency band.

zh-cn	因此，在信号生成过程中极易产生标称失真现象，各卫星标称失真产生的测距偏差不一致现象会直接影响系统定位性能。
en-us	Therefore, it is easy to generate nominal distortion during signal genera-tion. Such nominal distortion of each satellite produces inconsistent ranging deviation and directly degrades the systempositioning performance.

zh-cn	针对B1C 信号提出完整的测距偏差估计方法，
en-us	A complete ranging deviation estimation method was proposed for B1C signals in this paper.

zh-cn	首先，以 S 曲线过零点偏差定量分析 B1C 信号测距偏差，提出标准相关曲线估计法实现相关曲线尖峰处码相位偏差准确估计；
en-us	Firstly, the S-Curve Bias (SCB) was used to quantitatively analyze the B1C signal ranging deviation, and the standardcorrelation curve estimation method was proposed to realize the accurate estimation of the code phase deviation at thepeak of the correlation curve.

zh-cn	其次，设计算法解决 QMBOC 信号在接收机跟踪过程中，平台处误锁问题；
en-us	Secondly, a algorithm was designed to solve the problem of QMBOC signal mislocking atthe platform during receiver tracking.

zh-cn	最后，采用国家授时中心 40 m 高增益天线采集卫星下行信号，分析北斗三号各在轨卫星实际测距偏差及系统星间自然测距偏差随用户接收机不同相关间隔和前端带宽的变化规律,并给出了接收机的建议参数范围。
en-us	Finally, the actual ranging bias and nature ranging bias of each satellite of Beidou-3under different correlation intervals and front-end bandwidth of the user receiver were analyzed based on the satellite downlink signals collected from the 40-meter high-gain antenna at the National Time Service Center, and the recommendeduser receiver parameter range was given.

zh-cn	所提策略可扩展到其他 MBOC 信号测距误差估计，实验结果可为北斗三号接收机研制提供参考。
en-us	The strategy proposed in this paper can be extended to other MBOC signal ranging error estimation, and the test results can be thought of as a reference to the development of BeiDou-3 receiver.