zh-cn	针对非负矩阵分解方法在有噪声的真实数据中获得特征的有效性问题，提出了一种稀疏诱导的流形正则化凸非负矩阵分解算法。
en-us	To address problems that the effectiveness of feature learned from real noisy data by classical nonnegative matrixfactorization method, a novel sparsity induced manifold regularized convex nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm(SGCNMF) was proposed.

zh-cn	所提算法在流形正则化的基础上，向低维子空间的基矩阵添加基于 L 2,1 范数的稀疏约束，构建了乘法更新规则，分析在该规则下算法的收敛性，并设计了在低维子空间上不同噪声环境下的聚类实验。
en-us	Based on manifold regularization, the L 2,1  norm was introduced to the basis matrix of low dimen-sional subspace as sparse constraint. The multiplicative update rules were given and the convergence of the algorithm wasanalyzed. Clustering experiment was designed to verify the effectiveness of learned features within various of noisy envi-ronments.

zh-cn	K均值聚类实验结果表明，稀疏约束降低了噪声特征在学习中的表达能力，所提算法在不同程度上优于同类 8 种算法，对噪声有更强的稳健性。
en-us	The empirical study based on K-means clustering shows that the sparse constraint reduces the representation ofnoisy features and the new method is better than the 8 similar algorithms with stronger robustness to a variable extent.

zh-cn	针对声音信号受实际环境噪声影响引起耳蜗倒谱系数（CFCC）波动是导致击键内容识别率低的主要原因，研究相邻键 CFCC 之间的空间特征，建立基于点的 CFCC 空间梯度结构；
en-us	For the fluctuation of CFCC caused by environmental noise is the main reason for the low accuracy of key-stroke detection, the spatial characteristics of adjacent between CFCC were studied, and the spatial gradient structure ofCFCC based on points was established.

zh-cn	在此基础上，在训练集和测试上研究 CFCC 空间梯度对击键内容识别的影响及确切邻域的点选取；
en-us	On this basis, the effect of CFCC spatial gradient on keystroke content recogni-tion and the selection of precise neighborhood points were studied on training and testing.

zh-cn	最后，建立基于声音的高稳健性击键内容识别方法。
en-us	Finally, a high-robustness key-stroke recognition algorithm based on acoustic signals was constructed.

zh-cn	在不同环境下进行的实验表明，所提 CFCC 空间梯度声音特征效果较好，识别准确率为 96.15% 。c
en-us	Extensive experiments in different environmentsdemonstrate that the proposed CFCC spatial gradient sound feature achieves great performance and the recognition accu-racy is 96.15%.

zh-cn	针对脉内无意调相实现雷达辐射源个体识别时存在的分类模型性能不佳的问题，提出了一种长短时记忆加全卷积网络的雷达辐射源个体识别方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of poor performance of the classification model in the case of unintentional phase mod-ulation on pulse (UPMOP) to achieve radar specific emitter identification, a method for radar specific emitter identifica-tion with long and short-term memory and full convolutional networks (LSTM-FCN) was proposed.

zh-cn	首先给出了脉内信号相位的简化观测模型，并对观测相位序列进行去斜处理，提取无意调相的含噪估计；
en-us	Firstly, a simplifiedobservation model of the intrapulse signal phase considering the intentional modulation was presented, and the observa-tion phase sequence was deramp to extract the noisy estimate of the UPMOP.

zh-cn	然后利用贝塞尔曲线拟合无意调相，降低噪声的影响，获得无意调相更为精确的描述；
en-us	Then Bezier curve was utilized to fit theUPMOP to reduce the influence of noise and obtain a more accurate description of UPMOP.

zh-cn	最后利用长短时记忆加全卷积网络提取无意调相序列的联合特征，实现雷达辐射源个体自动识别。
en-us	Finally, the LSTM-FCN wasused to extract the joint features of UPMOP sequence to realize the radar specific emitter automatic identification.

zh-cn	仿真实验以及实测数据实验均验证了所提算法的可行性与有效性，实验结果表明，所提算法识别正确率高、耗时短。
en-us	Both the simulation experiments and the measured data experiments verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed al-gorithm. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has high identification accuracy and short time consumption.

zh-cn	针对终端电量耗尽的问题，提出将终端电池状态信息考虑到 SWIPT 传输策略中，并提供了一种速率公平传输策略。
en-us	To solve the battery depletion problem, the terminals' battery status information (BSI) was proposed to be tak-en into consideration in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) strategies, and a SWIPT strategyto guarantee the rate fairness was provided.

zh-cn	所提方案利用终端电池状态信息限制终端可容忍的最大速率及能量，以最大化最小用户速率为优化目标，以速率/能量需求以及终端可容忍的最大速率/能量为限制条件，优化发送功率与功率分流因子。
en-us	BSI determined the terminals' sufferable received rate and harvested energy.The proposed scheme was formulated as an optimization problem to max-min user rate, with rate/energy requirementconstraints and the sufferable rate/energy constraints.

zh-cn	为了求解该优化问题，首先根据电池电量对终端进行分类，然后利用提出的基于交替优化的算法进行求解。所提方案通过合理分配发送功率与功率分流因子，控制较低电量用户的接收速率，以避免其所需能量消耗超过电池电量。
en-us	To solve optimization problem, the receivers were firstly classifiedwith their battery level, then the optimal solutions were obtained by the proposed iteration optimization-based algorithm.With the proposed scheme, the transmit power and the power splitting factor would be controlled and the data rate at re-ceivers, especially the receivers that with lower battery level would be restricted, avoiding the required battery consump-tion to exceed battery level.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方案延长了用户电池寿命且避免了电池电量的耗尽，其用户速率公平性随着用户间电池电量差距的减小而提升。
en-us	Simulation results reveal that the proposed scheme can prolong battery lifetime and avoid thebattery depletion problem, and its fairness performance is strengthened with the difference decreasing among the receiv-ers' battery level.

zh-cn	针对传统的直觉模糊 c 均值聚类算法进行图像分割时对聚类中心敏感导致最终聚类精度低、细节保留性差、时间复杂度较大等不足，提出了一种适用于电力设备红外图像分割的基于分布信息的直觉模糊 c 均值聚类算法。
en-us	Due to the sensitivity of the traditional intuitionistic fuzzy c-means (IFCM) clustering algorithm to theclustering center in image segmentation, which resulted in the low clustering precision, poor retention of details,and large time complexity, an intuitionistic fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm was proposed based on spatial dis-tribution information suitable for infrared image segmentation of power equipment.

zh-cn	红外图像中高强度的非目标对象与图像强度不均匀对图像分割有较强干扰，所提算法能有效抑制该干扰。
en-us	The non-target objects with high intensity and the non-uniformity of image intensity in the infrared image had strong interference to the imagesegmentation, which could be effectively suppressed by the proposed algorithm.

zh-cn	首先，将高斯模型引入电力设备的全局空间分布信息中以改进 IFCM 算法；
en-us	Firstly, the Gaussian model wasintroduced into the global spatial distribution information of power equipment to improve the IFCM algorithm.

zh-cn	其次，利用局部空间信息的空间算子优化隶属函数来解决边缘模糊和图像强度不均匀问题。
en-us	Secondly, the membership function was optimized by local spatial operator to solve the problem of edge blur andimage intensity inhomogeneity.

zh-cn	经过对 Terravic 动态红外数据库与包含 300 幅电力设备红外图像的数据集进行实验，相对区域错误率在 10%左右，受模糊因子 m 变化影响较小，验证了所提算法在有效性与适用性上明显优于其他对比算法。
en-us	The experiments conducted on Terravic motion IR database and the data set contain-ing 300 infrared images of power equipment show that, the relative region error rate is about 10% and is less af-fected by the change of fuzzy factor m.

zh-cn	针对数据库访问控制中存在的问题，提出将区块链技术应用于数据库访问控制的思想。
en-us	The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed algorithm are superiorto other comparison algorithms.

zh-cn	从区块链层次结构、访问控制过程的逻辑层次结构、访问控制的实现原理、访问控制的共识认证原理以及访问控制区块链体系的构建机制几个方面设计了基于区块链的数据库访问控制实现机制，对基于区块链的数据库访问控制体系的性能进行评价。
en-us	Aiming at the current problems of database access control, the thought of blockchain technology applied todatabase access control was proposed. The implementation mechanism of database access control based on blockchain was designed from several aspects as blockchain hierarchical structure, logical hierarchical structure of access controlprocess, implementation principle of access control, consensus authentication principle of access control, and construc-tion mechanism of access control blockchain system. The performance of database access control system based on blockchain was assessed.

zh-cn	为区块链应用于数据库访问控制提供了完整的架构，通过对访问者身份、访问权限及访问行为强化认证与监管，有效地提高了数据库访问控制的能力。
en-us	A complete framework was provided for blockchain applied in database access control. Throughstrengthening the authentication and supervision of visitor identity, access permission and access behavior, the data baseaccess control ability is improved effectively.

zh-cn	针对多约束路由选择问题，设计了数学模型并提出了一种改进的免疫克隆蛙跳算法。
en-us	Aiming at the multi-constraint routing problem, a mathematical model was designed, and an improved immuneclonal shuffled frog leaping algorithm (IICSFLA) was proposed, which combined immune operator with traditionalSFLA.

zh-cn	所提方法结合了免疫克隆算法与传统蛙跳算法，在分组丢失率、链路带宽、时延抖动、时延、能量损耗条件的限制下，计算源节点到终端节点的能量损耗，通过所提算法寻找一条能量损耗最小的路径。
en-us	Under the constraints of bandwidth, delay, packet loss rate, delay jitter and energy cost, total energy cost from thesource node to the terminal node was computed. The proposed algorithm was used to find an optimal route with mini-mum energy cost.

zh-cn	在仿真实验中，将所提算法与自适应遗传算法、自适应蚁群算法进行了对比。
en-us	In the simulation, the performance of IICSFLA with adaptive genetic algorithm and adaptive ant colo-ny optimization algorithm was compared.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法在一定程度上解决了多约束 QoS 单播路由优化问题，与自适应遗传算法与自适应蚁群算法相比，所提算法避免了局部最优，有效地降低了数据在传输路径上的能量损耗。
en-us	Experimental results show that IICSFLA solves the problem of mul-ti-constraints QoS unicast routing optimization. The proposed algorithm avoids local optimum and effectively reducesenergy loss of data on the transmission path in comparison with adaptive genetic algorithm and adaptive ant colony opti-mization algorithm.

zh-cn	鉴于轨道角动量（OAM）不同模式之间良好的正交性，该技术在无线通信中的应用是近年来新兴的、具有较大通信容量提升潜力的热点技术方向之一。
en-us	As the good orthogonality between the different modes of orbital angular momentum (OAM), the application ofOAM technology in wireless communication has gained increasing popularity in recent years with great potential for capaci-ty improvement.

zh-cn	基于 OAM 的无线通信技术能有效提升频谱利用率，但同时面临着诸多挑战。
en-us	OAM-based wireless communication technology can effectively improve spectrum utilization, but alsobrings some challenges.

zh-cn	首先介绍了 OAM 技术在无线通信领域的研究现状与进展，结合 OAM 的基本原理，对比分析了 OAM与 MIMO 技术之间的关系，
en-us	Firstly, the research status and progress of OAM technology in the field of wireless communicationwere introduced and the relationship between OAM and MIMO technology was compared and analyzed combined with thebasic principle of OAM.

zh-cn	并对“OAM 是否提供一个新的维度？”的争议给出结论。
en-us	Moreover, the dispute “Does OAM provides a new dimension?” was concluded.

zh-cn	然后总结了 OAM 的产生与接收方法，并概述其相应的关键技术与应用领域。
en-us	Then, the genera-tion and reception methods of OAM were summarized. The key techniques and application fields were overviewed.

zh-cn	最后深入分析了该技术在实际应用中的挑战，进而提出其未来的发展趋势和后续的研究方向。期望对该领域的研究起到参考和帮助作用。
en-us	Finally,the challenges of the technology in practical application were analyzed and the future development trends and follow-up re-search directions were point out, which would provide a reference and help for the research in this field.

zh-cn	针对网络实时调度问题，提出实时调度系统体系结构与任务模型。
en-us	Real-time task scheduling system structure and task model were proposed aiming at the network real-timescheduling problem.

zh-cn	综合考虑任务截止期、执行时间及间隔时间等属性，定义任务迫切度；
en-us	The task degree of urgency was defined by considering the deadline of task, execution time and in-terval time between works.

zh-cn	根据不同任务的重要程度，提出基于服务质量的任务松紧度。
en-us	The task degree of tightness was proposed based on service-level assurance, according tofunctional importance of different tasks in the real-time task scheduling system.

zh-cn	通过迫切度和松紧度对优先级的动态调节，得到防止任务频繁切换的颠簸限度，保证了任务执行成功率与客户端资源利用率。
en-us	The thrashing limit for avoiding taskswitching frequently was acquired through dynamic regulation to task priorities by degree of urgency and degree of tightness,which guaranteed the success rate of tasks execution and utilization ratio of client execution.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，与调度尽力交付（BE）算法、最早截止时间优先（EDF）算法相比，基于多特征动态优先级的网络实时调度算法提高了任务调度成功率，缩短了平均响应时间。
en-us	Test simulation results suggestthat the multi-feature dynamic priority scheduling strategy improves the success rate of task scheduling and shorten the av-erage response time, which suggests it has obvious superiority compared with BE and EDF scheduling algorithm.

zh-cn	太赫兹频段（0.1~10 THz）信号在空气中传播衰减大、传输距离短，在太赫兹通信技术得到广泛应用之前，这些关键问题需要攻克。
en-us	There are some challenges that need to be overcome before terahertz communication technology is widely ap-plied, such as large propagation attenuation in the air and short transmission distance.

zh-cn	首先，介绍了当前太赫兹信道的研究进展，包括信道建模、信道测量及信道估计。
en-us	Research progresses of terahertzchannel, such as terahertz channel model, terahertz channel measurement and terahertz channel estimation, were first re-viewed.

zh-cn	在此基础上，分析了单用户基本通信场景和多用户复杂通信场景，并针对各个场景中存在的问题列举了可能的解决方案。
en-us	Based on these characteristics of terahertz channel, the underlying problems in basic single-user communicationscenarios and more complicated multi-user communication scenarios were respectively analyzed.

zh-cn	最后，展望了太赫兹通信未来可行的研究方向。
en-us	For each scenario pos-sible solutions were concluded. Last but not least, some prospect future research directions on terahertz communicationswere discussed.

zh-cn	鉴于深度学习、频谱、时频分析方法间的优势互补，设计了由卷积网络、傅里叶变换和小波包分解组合的多流分析处理框架，对非平稳信号进行组合分析。
en-us	Considering the complementarity between the deep learning, spectrum and time frequency analysis methods, amulti-stream framework was designed by combining the convolutional network, Fourier transform and wavelet packagedecomposition methods, with the aim to analyze the non-stationary signal.

zh-cn	提出了一种基于非平稳信号组合分析的故障诊断方法，提取信号的多属性特征并加权融合。
en-us	Accordingly, a none-stationary signal com-bined analysis based fault diagnosis method was proposed to extract features in difference aspects.

zh-cn	应用于故障诊断的实验结果表明，所提出的信号组合分析方法能够更加稳定、准确地刻画故障类型，在不显著增加计算复杂度的前提下有效提高了故障诊断的分类准确率。
en-us	The fault diagnosisexperiments demonstrate that the combined analysis method can efficiently and stably depict the fault and significantlyimprove the performance of fault diagnosis.

zh-cn	针对目前网络安全态势预测方法的精确度不足问题，以自修正系数修匀法为基础提出一种新的网络安全态势预测模型。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of insufficient accuracy of current network security situation prediction methods,a new network security situation prediction model was proposed based on self-correcting coefficient smoothing.

zh-cn	首先，设计一种网络安全态势评估量化方法，基于熵关联度将警报信息转化为态势实际值时间样本序列。
en-us	Firstly, anetwork security assessment quantification method was designed to transform the alarm information into situation realvalue time series based on the entropy correlation degree.

zh-cn	然后，计算静态修匀系数自适应解并利用可变域空间获取预测初始值。
en-us	Then, the adaptive solution of the static smoothing coefficientwas calculated and the predicted initial value was obtained by using the variable domain space.

zh-cn	最后，为了进一步提高预测精度，基于偏差类别并采用时变加权马尔可夫链对网络安全态势初始预测结果进行修正。
en-us	Finally, based on the errorcategory, the time-changing weighted Markov chain was built to modify the initial network situation prediction result andthe prediction accuracy was further raised.

zh-cn	采用 LL_DOS_1.0 数据集检验预测效果，实验结果表明，所提模型面向网络态势时间序列具有较高的自适应性和预测精度。
en-us	The prediction model was tested with LL_DOS_1.0 dataset and the experi-mental results show that the proposed model has higher adaptability and prediction accuracy for network situation timeseries.

zh-cn	在传统人脸认证系统中，用户特征模板和认证请求通常基于明文进行匹配，存在敏感数据泄露的风险。
en-us	In traditional face authentication system, the trait template and authentication request were generally matchedover plaintext, which may lead to the leakage of users' sensitive data.

zh-cn	针对此问题，提出了一种基于矩阵加密的隐私保护的在线人脸认证方案。
en-us	In order to address the above-mentioned problem,based on matrix encryption, an efficient and privacy-preserving online face authentication scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	该方案中，用户的人脸特征模板注册和后续身份认证请求均通过矩阵加密后分别发送给在线认证服务器，并由在线认证服务器完成密文下两者间的相似度计算，能够在不影响认证精确度的同时，有效保护在线人脸认证过程中用户的敏感数据。
en-us	Specif-ically, the users' face trait template for register and the authentication request were encrypted before being sent to theonline authentication server, and the similarity computation between the encrypted face trait template and authenticationrequest was computed by the online authentication server over ciphertexts, which guaranteed the security of users' sensi-tive data without affecting the accuracy of face authentication.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明，通过选取不同安全参数，所提方案能够实现多安全等级，满足差异化场景中的隐私保护需求。
en-us	Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme canachieve multiple security levels according to different security parameters. Moreover, performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme has low computation cost and communication overhead.

zh-cn	性能分析显示，所提方案具有较低的计算开销与通信开销。仿真测试基于真实人脸数据库，其结果验证了所提方案的高效性，能够在真实环境中进行有效应用。
en-us	Experiments results demonstrate the highefficiency of the proposed scheme, which can be implemented in the real environment effectively.

zh-cn	针对移动边缘计算网络中由于用户位置动态变化而导致边缘服务器间负载不均衡、用户服务质量降低的问题，提出了一种移动性感知的边缘服务迁移算法。
en-us	To address the problem of load imbalance among edge servers and quality of service degradation caused bydynamic changes of user locations in mobile edge computing networks, a mobility aware edge service migration algo-rithm was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，以最小化用户服务请求感知时延为目标，将优化问题建模为混合整数非线性规划问题。
en-us	Firstly, the optimization problem was formulated as a mix integer nonlinear programming problem,with the goal of minimizing the perceived delay of user service request.

zh-cn	其次，基于 Lyapunov 优化方法将时延优化问题解耦为边缘服务迁移子问题与无线接入子问题。
en-us	Then, the delay optimization problem was de-coupled into the edge service migration and edge node selection sub-problems based on the Lyapunov optimization ap-proach.

zh-cn	再次，提出快速边缘决策算法求解出给定无线接入策略情况下最优的资源分配与边缘服务迁移方案。
en-us	Thereafter, the fast edge decision algorithm was proposed to optimize the resource allocation and edge servicemigration under a given radio access strategy.

zh-cn	最后，提出异步最佳响应算法迭代出最优无线接入策略。
en-us	Finally, the asynchronous optimal response algorithm was proposed to iterateout the optimal radio access strategy.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与现有服务迁移策略相比较，所提算法能够在保证服务迁移成本稳定的情况下降低用户服务请求的感知时延。
en-us	Simulation results validate the proposed algorithm can reduce the perceived delay un-der the service migration cost constraint while comparing with other existing algorithms.

zh-cn	针对现有加密图像检索方案未考虑不同密钥加密图像集的情况，基于局部敏感哈希、安全近邻及代理重加密技术提出了基于边缘计算的支持多密钥的加密图像检索系统（包含基础方案和改进方案）。
en-us	Aiming at the fact that the existing encrypted image retrieval schemes do not consider different keys to encryptimages, a multi-key encrypted image retrieval system based on edge computing (including basic scheme and enhancedscheme) based on local sensitive hashing, secure nearest neighbor and proxy re-encryption technologies was proposed.

zh-cn	所提方案不但提高了图像查询效率、精度，而且降低了查询用户的额外计算开销。
en-us	The retrieval efficiency and accuracy were improved and the extra computational cost of query users was reduced.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明，所提基础方案仅可抵抗已知密文攻击，而所提改进方案可抵抗已知背景攻击。
en-us	Secu-rity analysis shows that the basic scheme can only resist the known ciphertext attack, while the enhanced scheme can res-ist the known background attack.

zh-cn	基于实际数据集的实验性能测试表明，所提方案在实际应用场景中是可行的。
en-us	The experimental performance test based on the real-world dataset shows that the pro-posed schemes are feasible in practical application scenarios.

zh-cn	以最大化缓存收益为目标，针对部署缓存的 NOMA 异构网络下的基站用户匹配及功率分配问题，结合消息传递及 DC 规划提出了 NOMA 联合优化算法。
en-us	Aiming at maximizing the cache revenue, a joint user association and power allocation algorithm was proposed forthe matching of base stations with users and power allocation in a NOMA heterogeneous network with caches, a NOMA jointoptimization algorithm which was achieved by combing with message passing and DC programming was proposed.

zh-cn	首先将约束条件合并到目标函数中，通过计算新的优化问题中函数节点与变量节点间消息传递的边缘得到用户协同结果；
en-us	First,the constraints were incorporated into the objective function, and the user association result was obtained by calculating themarginal of the message passing between the function node and the variable node in the new optimization problem.

zh-cn	然后将原优化问题变形为 2 个凸函数差的形式，通过 DC 规划对功率资源进行分配；
en-us	Then, theoriginal optimization problem was transformed into the form of the difference between two convex functions, and allocatepower resources through DC programming.

zh-cn	最后迭代计算得到最终的用户协同及功率分配结果。
en-us	Finally, the final user association and power allocation results are obtained throughiterative calculations.

zh-cn	仿真结果证明所提算法有效地提升了网络性能。
en-us	Simulation results prove that the proposed algorithm effectively improves network performance.

zh-cn	为提高计算任务卸载的效率，提出了一种基于 D2D 通信、移动边缘计算和云计算的分层任务卸载框架，并引入 D2D 协作中继技术辅助用户接入远端计算资源。
en-us	To improve the efficiency of computation offloading, a hierarchical task offloading framework based on de-vice-to-device (D2D) communication, mobile edge computing and cloud computing was proposed, in which cooperativeD2D relay technology was introduced to assist users to access remote computing resources.

zh-cn	针对所提任务卸载框架在多用户场景中可能存在上行通信拥塞、边缘计算资源受限、D2D 复用干扰和云计算回程时延等问题，设计了一种基于博弈论的卸载调度和负载均衡方案，充分利用了所提任务卸载框架中各层计算和通信资源。
en-us	Considering the negative ef-fects of uplink channel congestion, limited edge computing capability, D2D reuse interference and backhaul delay of cloud computing in the multi-user scenario of the proposed framework, a game theory based offloading scheduling andload balancing scheme was developed by fully taking advantage of the computing and communication resources in the proposed framework.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方案能够有效降低端到端时延和卸载能耗，并在资源受限的条件下具有良好的稳定性。
en-us	The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively reduce end-to-end de-lay and offloading energy consumption, and also has good stability even when the network resources are limited.Key words: hierarchical task offloading, mobile edge computing, device-to-device communication, cloud computing,game theory

zh-cn	针对基于云服务的虚拟现实对数据传输速率的高要求以及对传输时延的敏感性问题，提出并设计了基于移动边缘计算技术的云 VR 系统方案，主要包括基于视点的 VR 处理和混合数模传输优化。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of the high requirements of data transmission rate and sensitivity to transmissiondelay in virtual reality (VR) based on cloud services, a Cloud VR system with MEC (mobile edge computing) was pro-posed, mainly including viewpoint-based VR processing and HDA (hybrid digital-analog) transmission optimization.

zh-cn	首先采用基于金字塔投影的用户视点感知动态推流方法实现基于视点的 VR 处理；
en-us	Firstly, a dynamic streaming method based on user viewpoint and pyramid projection was used to implement a completeedge cloud VR system.

zh-cn	然后引入混合数模技术对传输进行优化改进，并给出了启发式的资源分配优化算法；
en-us	Then, HDA transmission was introduced to optimize the transmission, and a heuristic algorithmfor resource allocation was given.

zh-cn	最后在长期演进（LTE）系统的基础上改造基站协议栈，融入移动边缘计算技术，实现了完整的移动边缘云 VR 系统。
en-us	Finally, the base station protocol stack was transformed, and the MEC was integrated into the LTE (long term evolution) system to implement a complete mobile edge cloud VR system.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与已有方案相比，所提方案能够实现更加稳健高效的传输，达到更好的 VR 用户体验。
en-us	Experimental results demon-strate that the proposed scheme has good robustness and efficient transmission by comparing with the existing schemes.

zh-cn	为进一步提升卫星导航系统的综合性能，在导频（测距）信号与数据信号分离的卫星导航信号设计思想的基础上，基于扩频码优良的自互相关特性，利用扩频码时移位置调制电文、数据信息，提出了基于扩频码时移位置调制的卫星导航信号设计方法。
en-us	A novel navigation signal design method based on spread code time shift position modulation was proposed,which inherits the idea of separating the pilot signal component and the data signal component, and applies time shift po-sition of the spread code to carry data information.

zh-cn	所提方法改变了以往仅利用扩频码相位加载信息的固有模式，大幅提升了数据通道信号的功率利用率。
en-us	The old pattern of using carrier phase to carry information waschanged, the power efficiency of data signal components and the performances of the satellite navigation system wereimproved.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果表明，在不提高导航信号总发射功率的前提下，所提方法既可大幅提高数据信号分量的信息传输速率，也可大幅提高导频信号分量与数据信号分量的功率比，进而综合提高了卫星通信导航系统的传输速率、接收机捕获跟踪性能、定位精度等技术指标。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the transmission rate of data signal component or power ratio of the pilot signal component to data signal component without increasing the total transmission power. Then, the transmission rate, acquisition and tracking performance, positioning accuracy and other technical indicators of the satellite navigation system can be further improved.

zh-cn	针对拟态判决领域的应用，提出了一种面向拟态判决的可编程语义解析方法。
en-us	Aiming at the application of mimic arbitration, a programmable semantic parsing approach for mimic arbitra-tion was proposed.

zh-cn	该方法基于匹配查表思想，通过域指针配置方式进行定制协议解析，解决了针对不同协议的可编程解析问题；
en-us	Based on the idea of matching lookup table, this method could achieve custom protocol parsingthrough domain pointer configuration, and solve the problem of programmable protocol parsing for different protocols.

zh-cn	采用流水控制的方式保证了协议解析过程无拥塞，提高了协议解析的性能；
en-us	By adopting pipeline control method, the congestion free in the procedure of protocol parsing was guaranteed and theperformance of protocol parsing was improved.

zh-cn	通过引入哈希运算，降低了子分组基于语义的重排序设计复杂度。
en-us	By introducing Hash operation, the complexity of semantic reorderingdesign of sub-packages was simplified.

zh-cn	性能分析结果表明，所提方法在协议解析方面具有高灵活性、高处理能力及低资源利用率等特点。
en-us	The performance analysis results show that this approach has the characteristicsof high flexibility protocol parsing, high processing capacity and low resource utilization.

zh-cn	为了有效改善多集群共存的移动边缘网络中业务流端到端服务时延，提出了一种基于改进遗传模拟退火算法的虚拟网络功能部署策略。
en-us	In order to effectively improve the end-to-end service delay of the flow in multi-clusters coexisting mobileedge computing (MEC) network, a virtual network function deployment strategy based on improved genetic simulatedannealing algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	通过开放 Jackson 排队网络对移动业务流的时延进行最优化建模，在证明其 NP性的基础上提出了将遗传算法与模拟退火算法相结合的求解策略，
en-us	The delay of mobile service flow was mathematically modeled through the openJackson queuing network. After proving the NP attribute of this problem, a solution combining genetic algorithm and si-mulated annealing algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	该策略通过对服务节点的提前映射机制避免了可能带来的网络拥塞，并通过个体的约束性判断和纠正遗传的方法避免了局部最优的出现。
en-us	In this strategy, the advance mapping mechanism avoids the possibility ofnetwork congestion, and the occurrence of local optima was avoided through using the methods of individual judgmentand corrective genetic.

zh-cn	在不同的服务请求量、服务节点规模、集群数量及虚拟网络功能之间的逻辑连接关系等参数下的对比实验表明，
en-us	Extensive simulation was set up to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy under dif-ferent parameter settings, such as different volume of requests, different scale of service nodes, different number of MECclusters, and logical link relationships between virtual network functions.

zh-cn	该策略能提供更低时延的端到端服务，使时延敏感类移动业务获得更好体验。
en-us	Results show that this strategy can providelower end-to-end services delay and better service experience for latency-sensitive mobile application.

zh-cn	通过分析 RLT 码，针对 RLT 码译码算法中存在的缺陷，提出一种过滤式降维（FDR）算法，消除了传统译码算法在收到一定数量编码分组才开始解码的等待时间，实现了边接收边尝试解码的快速译码方式。
en-us	By analyzing the shortcomings of RLT coding and decoding algorithm, a filtering dimension reduction (FDR)algorithm was proposed, which eliminated the waiting time of the traditional decoding algorithm and achieves fast decoding.

zh-cn	此外，通过编码分组之间的异或运算，有效增加了度为 1 的编码分组的产生概率，不再仅依赖于从发送端获取度为 1 的编码分组，在降低传输时延的同时通过增加度为 1 的编码分组出现的概率从而提高译码成功率。
en-us	In addition, XOR operation between encoded packages effectively increased the number of one-degree encoded packages,and improved decoding probability while reducing transmission delay.

zh-cn	在此基础上，提出一种与 FDR 译码算法相结合的优化度分布函数，适当提高度为 2、度为 3、度为 4 的编码分组的比例，从而大大增加一次降维即可得到度为 1 的编码分组的概率，加快了译码速度。
en-us	An optimized degree distribution function for FDRdecoding algorithm was proposed, which increased the proportion of two-degree, three-degree and four-degree encodedpackages, further increased the probability of one-degree packet, so that speeded up the decoding progress.

zh-cn	NS3 仿真结果表明，FDR 算法的解码成功率普遍高于 RLT 码。
en-us	Simulation re-sults with NS3 show that the decoding success probability of FDR algorithms higher than RLT algorithm.

zh-cn	针对标准 RAW 机制无法适应网络环境变化做出调整，且分组依赖连续的 AID 问题，提出一种基于伪随机序列的 RAW 重分组方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the standard RAW mechanism cannot adjust to changes in the network and thegrouping depends on continuous AIDs, a RAW regrouping method based on a pseudo-random sequence was proposed.

zh-cn	AP 在关联阶段为节点分配一个伪随机序列作为地址码，在分组阶段采用分组复合码携带分组信息。
en-us	The AP assigned a pseudo-random sequence to the node as the address code during the association phase, and used com-pound code to carry groups information during the grouping phase.

zh-cn	该方法实现了非连续 AID 节点在线式重分组，减小了重分组的时间开销。
en-us	It implemented online regrouping of discontinuousAID nodes and reduced the overhead of regrouping.

zh-cn	为使 RAW 合理分配资源，解决组间负载不平衡问题，提出了基于期望信道时间的 RAW 重分组方法，以信道利用率为分组依据，优化了节点 RAW 组、RAW 持续时间和 RAW 分组数。
en-us	In order to rationally allocate resources in RAW and solve the prob-lem of load imbalance between groups, a RAW regrouping method based on expected channel time was proposed. Based on channel utilization, the RAW groups, RAW duration, and numbers of RAW were optimized.

zh-cn	NS3 仿真结果表明，所提方法显著提高了 IEEE 802.11ah 协议的网络性能。
en-us	NS3 simulation results show that the proposed method significantly improves the performance of IEEE 802.11ah protocol networks.

zh-cn	针对传统动态迁移方法在应对侧信道攻击问题时存在迁移节点多、迁移频率高、迁移后服务功能链路径过长的问题，提出了一种基于风险感知的关键虚拟网络功能动态迁移方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problems that traditional dynamic migration methods have many migration nodes, high migra-tion frequency, and long service function chain (SFC) link path after migration when dealing with side channel attack, adynamic migration method of critical virtual network function (VNF) based on risk awareness was proposed.

zh-cn	所提方法仅对含隐私信息的关键虚拟网络功能进行迁移，以减少迁移节点数量；
en-us	In order to reduce the number of migrated nodes, only the key VNF with private information was migrated.

zh-cn	结合侧信道攻击检测系统，对遭受攻击的关键虚拟网络功能执行触发式迁移，同时依据侧信道信息泄露模型对关键虚拟网络功能进行定期式迁移；
en-us	Combined with the sidechannel attack detection system, the triggering migration was performed on the critical VNF which were under attack,and the key VNF was also periodically migrated according to the side channel information leakage model.

zh-cn	采用基于逼近理想解排序的多属性节点排序方法选择迁移目的服务器，以避免迁移后路径过长。
en-us	Finally, a mul-ti-attribute node sorting method base on the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution was used to se-lect the migration destination server to avoid the path being too long after migration.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法在达到相同的侧信道攻击防御性能的情况下，具有更低的节点迁移数量与迁移频率，同时有效避免了迁移后服务功能链路径过长问题。
en-us	Experiments show that the proposedmethod has a lower number of migration nodes and migration frequency when achieving the same side channel attackdefense performance, and effectively avoids the problem that the SFC path is too long after migration.Key words: service function chain, virtual network function, side-channel attack, dynamic migration,

zh-cn	针对公钥加密方案的陷门安全问题，引入随机数构造陷门与索引，用于抵御来自服务器内部的关键字猜测攻击，避免因服务器好奇行为带来的数据泄露。
en-us	Aiming at the trapdoor security problem of the public key encryption scheme, a random number constructingtrapdoor and index was introduced to defend against keyword guessing attacks from the server and avoid data leakagecaused by server curious behavior.

zh-cn	对第三方的可信问题进行研究，将区块链技术与可搜索加密方案相结合，使用智能合约作为可信第三方进行检索工作，既可以防止服务器内部的关键字猜测攻击，又可以保证检索结果的正确性，从而限制服务器在下发数据时的恶意行为。
en-us	Research on trusted issues of third parties, the blockchain mechanism with a searcha-ble encryption scheme was combined, and smart contracts as trusted third parties for retrieval was used, which couldprevent keyword guessing attacks inside the server and ensure retrieval. The correctness of the results, thereby limitingthe malicious behavior of the server when sending data.

zh-cn	通过安全性分析，验证了所提方案满足 IND-KGA安全性。
en-us	The solution was analyzed for security and the verificationscheme satisfies IND-KGA security.

zh-cn	经过与其他方案进行实验对比，证明了所提方案在时间开销上具有一定的优势。
en-us	Experiments in real data sets, compared with other programs, prove that the programhas certain advantages in time overhead.

zh-cn	为解决轨迹差分隐私保护中存在的隐私预算与服务质量等问题，提出了一种融合预测扰动的轨迹差分隐私保护机制。
en-us	To address the issues of privacy budget and quality of service in trajectory differential privacy protection, atrajectory differential privacy mechanism integrating prediction disturbance was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，利用马尔可夫链和指数扰动方法预测满足差分隐私和时空安全的扰动位置，并引入服务相似地图检测该位置的可用性；
en-us	Firstly, Markov chain and ex-ponential perturbation method were used to predict the location which satisfies the differential privacy and temporal andspatial security, and service similarity map was introduced to detect the availability of the location.

zh-cn	如果预测成功，则直接采用预测位置替代差分扰动的位置，以降低连续查询的隐私开销并提高服务质量。
en-us	If the prediction wassuccessful, the prediction location was directly used to replace the location of differential disturbance, to reduce the pri-vacy cost of continuous query and improve the quality of service.

zh-cn	在此基础上，设计基于 w 滑动窗口的轨迹隐私预算分配机制，确保轨迹中任意连续的 w 次查询满足 ε−差分隐私，解决连续查询的轨迹隐私问题。
en-us	Based on this, the trajectory privacy budget allocationmechanism based on w sliding window was designed to ensure that any continuous w queries in the trajectory meet theε-differential privacy and solve the trajectory privacy problem of continuous queries.

zh-cn	此外，基于敏感度地图设计一种隐私定制策略，通过自定义语义位置的隐私敏感度，实现隐私预算的量身定制，从而进一步提高其利用率。
en-us	In addition, a privacy customizationstrategy was designed based on the sensitivity map. By customizing the privacy sensitivity of semantic location, the pri-vacy budget could be customized to improve its utilization.

zh-cn	最后，利用真实数据集对所提方案进行实验分析，结果显示所提方案提供了更好的隐私保护水平和服务质量。
en-us	Finally, the validity of the scheme was verified by real dataset experiment. The results illustrate that it offers the better privacy and quality of service.

zh-cn	针对语音通话中语音段的起始检测性能不佳，检测语音连续性结构受到破坏的问题，提出了一种基于特征流融合的带噪语音检测算法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the initial detection performance of voice segment was poor, and the voice continu-ity structure was damaged in voice communication, a noisy voice detection algorithm based on feature stream fusion wasproposed.

zh-cn	首先，根据语音特性分别提取时域特征流、谱图特征流和统计特征流；
en-us	Firstly, the time domain feature stream, the spectral pattern feature stream and the statistical feature streamwere extracted according to the voice characteristics.

zh-cn	其次，利用不同的语音特征流分别对带噪音频中的语音段进行概率估测；
en-us	Secondly, the voice segment in the noisy audio was estimated bydifferent voice feature streams.

zh-cn	最后，将各个特征流估测得到的语音估测概率进行加权融合，并利用隐马尔可夫模型对语音估测概率进行短时状态处理。
en-us	Finally, the voice prediction probability obtained by each feature stream was weightedand fused, and the voice estimation probability was processed in short time by the hidden Markov model.

zh-cn	通过对复合语音数据库在多类型噪声与不同信噪比条件下的性能测试表明，所提算法相对于基于贝叶斯与 DNN 分类器的基线模型相比，语音检测正确率分别提高了 21.26%与 11.01%，显著提高了目标语音的质量。
en-us	The perfor-mance test of composite voice database under the condition of multi-type noise and different signal-to-noise ratio showsthat compared with the baseline model based on Bayesian and DNN classifier, the voice detection accuracy of the pro-posed algorithm is improved by 21.26% and 11.01% respectively, and the quality of target voice is significantly im-proved.

zh-cn	为了评估轻量级分组密码算法 FeW 的安全性，提出并讨论了一种针对 FeW 算法的差分故障攻击方法。
en-us	In order to evaluate the security of the lightweight block cipher FeW, a differential fault attack method wasproposed and discussed using a single byte random fault model.

zh-cn	该方法采用单字节随机故障模型，选择在 FeW 算法的最后一轮右侧引入单字节随机故障，利用线性扩散函数的特点获取差分信息，并基于 S 盒差分分布统计规律实现密钥恢复。
en-us	In this method, a single byte random fault was introducedon the right side of the last round of FeW to recover the key based on the statistical characteristics of S-box difference distribution, and the difference information was obtained using the characteristics of the linear diffusion function.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，平均 47.73 次和 79.55 次故障注入可以分别完全恢复 FeW-64-80 和 FeW-64-128 的主密钥，
en-us	The ex-periment results show that the complete key recovery can be achieved with an average of 47.73 and 79.55 fault injectionsfor FeW-64-80 and FeW-64-128 respectively.

zh-cn	若在恢复密钥过程中加入 2 10 的穷举计算，所需平均故障注入次数分别降至 24.90 和 41.50。该方法可以有效地攻击 FeW 算法。
en-us	If 2 10 exhaustive calculations are added to the key recovery process, thenumber of average fault injections required can be reduced to 24.90 and 41.50.This attack is effective on FeW.

zh-cn	针对可追踪属性基加密方案利用追踪功能解决密钥委托滥用问题的不完备性，提出了一种抗密钥委托滥用的可追踪属性基加密方案。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the traceability of a traceable attribute-based encryption (ABE) scheme was notsufficient to address the key abuse completely, a traceable ABE scheme against key-delegation abuse was proposed.

zh-cn	将秘密参数分享给用户私钥中关联属性的全部组件，使解密过程必须由全部组件共同参与完成，仅由用户私钥的一部分不能进行解密操作，从而实现真正的抗密钥委托滥用。
en-us	A se-cret parameter was be shared to all user private key components corresponding to attributes, and the decryption was com-pleted by using all these components together, such that only parts of them could not realize the decryption and the realkey-delegation abuse resistance ability was be obtained consequently.

zh-cn	利用一种短签名技术保护用户私钥中的追踪参数，防止追踪参数被伪造，从而获得对用户的追踪能力。
en-us	A short signature technique was employed to pre-vent the tracing parameter embedded in a user private key from being forged, so as to achieve the traceability of the userwho leaked his user private key.

zh-cn	同时支持抗密钥委托滥用和可追踪增强了所提方案的安全性。
en-us	Supporting both key-delegation abuse resistance and user tracing enhances the security of the proposed scheme.

zh-cn	与相关方案的对比分析表明，所提方案在参数尺寸和计算代价上具有更好的性能优势。
en-us	And compared with related schemes, the proposed scheme has better advantage in terms of theparameters size and the computation cost.

zh-cn	在星地协同网络中引入移动边缘计算（MEC）技术可有效提高用户体验质量和减少网络冗余流量，同时也带来了一些挑战。
en-us	The introduction of mobile edge computing (MEC) technology in satellite-terrestrial networks can effectivelyimprove the quality of user experience and reduce network redundant traffic, but also brings some challenges.

zh-cn	首先介绍了星地协同网络和 MEC 技术的基本架构，并讨论了在星地协同网络中引入 MEC 技术的动机和 MEC 的部署问题；
en-us	Firstly, thebasic architecture of satellite-terrestrial networks and MEC technology was introduced. Moreover, the motivation of in-troducing MEC into satellite-terrestrial networks and the deployment of MEC were discussed.

zh-cn	然后提出了融合 MEC 的星地协同网络架构，并对其关键技术及典型应用进行了概述和分析；
en-us	Then, the architecture ofMEC enabled satellite-terrestrial networks was proposed, and the key techniques and typical applications were summa-rized and analyzed.

zh-cn	最后总结归纳了融合网络架构中的任务调度、移动性管理等关键挑战和一些开放性研究问题，期望对该领域的后续研究提出可供借鉴的新思路。
en-us	Finally, the key challenges such as task scheduling and mobility management and some open researchissues in integrated networks were summarized. It hopes to provide new ideas for future research in this field.

zh-cn	网络流量的自相似特性会导致网络中数据的突发状态持续，为有效降低网络流量突发引起的队列排队时延和分组丢失率，提高不同优先级业务的传输能力，保障业务服务质量需求，提出了一种基于网络流量自相似特性的队列调度算法——P-DWRR。
en-us	Self-similarity characteristic of network traffic will lead to the continuous burstness of data in the network. In order to effectively reduce the queue delay and packet loss rate caused by network traffic burst, improve the transmissioncapacity of different priority services, and guarantee the service quality requirements, a queue scheduling algorithmP-DWRR based on the self-similarity of network traffic was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法设计了基于自相似流量水平分级预测结果的动态权值分配方法及服务量子更新方法，并根据业务优先级和队列等待时间确定队列的服务次序，以减小数据分组排队时延，降低分组丢失率。
en-us	A dynamic weight allocation method and a servicequantum update method based on the self-similar traffic level grading prediction results were designed, and the service order of the queue according was determined to the service priority and queue waiting time, so as to reduce the queuing delay and packet loss rate.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，P-DWRR 算法在满足网络不同业务优先级要求的基础上，降低了数据分组的排队时延、时延抖动和分组丢失率，性能优于 DWRR 和 VDWRR。
en-us	The simulation results show that the P-DWRR algorithm can reduce the queueing delay, delayjitter and packet loss rate on the basis of satisfying the different service priority requirements of the network, and its per-formance is better than that of DWRR and VDWRR.

zh-cn	针对低轨多波束卫星星座网络中空间段卫星对地覆盖不均匀导致某些区域相对密集，造成严重的波束间干扰与不必要的波束资源开销等问题，提出了在满足覆盖等要求下的波束关闭算法。
en-us	Aiming at the problems of the relatively dense coverage of the satellites in the space segment of the low earthorbit (LEO) multibeam satellite constellation network, which resulted in relatively dense areas in some regions, causing severe inter-beam interference and unnecessary beam resource overhead, a beam shut-off algorithm was proposed withglobal coverage requirements.

zh-cn	以多波束低轨星座网络为研究对象，分析并建立了低轨星座网络波束关闭的最优化问题，进而分析并论证了该问题的 NP 完全属性，给出了探索式求解方法。
en-us	The dynamic beam shut-off (DBSO) optimization problem was formulated in LEO multi-beam satellite constellation network. Then, the problem was proved to be NP-complete and a heuristic DBSO algorithmwas proposed.

zh-cn	以共计 3 168 个波束的铱星星座网络为仿真场景，仿真分析了所提出的探索式波束关闭算法。仿真结果表明，所提算法仅需要 1 913 个波束即可实现对全球区域的连续覆盖，降低了 39.61 %的波束资源开销。
en-us	Simulation scenario considers the Iridium constellation network scenario with total 3 168 beams, and itshows that the number of required activated beams is only 1 913 with 39.61% beam resource reduction.

zh-cn	为了克服大规模 MIMO 的技术瓶颈——上行链路导频污染，与现有盲导频去污染中系统参数同时设计的方法不同，提出了系统参数的分层设计方法，
en-us	In order to overcome uplink pilot contamination, the technical bottleneck of massive MIMO, and differentfrom the existing parallel parameter design strategy for blind pilot decontamination, a hierarchical parameter design me-thod was proposed,

zh-cn	指出不同的系统参数对最终接收信号样本协方差矩阵谱精确分离的作用是不同的，即具有不同的优先级。
en-us	which points out that different system parameters have different effects on the exact spectrum separa-tion of the sample covariance matrix of the received signal. In other words, different parameters have different priority.

zh-cn	然后，发现要实现谱分离，期望信号的功率并不一定要高于干扰功率，两者之间的差异才是决定因素。
en-us	Next, it was found that to achieve spectral separation, the power of the desired signal didn't have to be higher than the in-terference, and the difference between the two was more important.

zh-cn	更进一步地，在导频序列长度小于基站接收天线数这种更实际的场景下，首次给出了一种数值算法同样能实现上述的精确谱分离。
en-us	Furthermore, in a more practical scenario where the pilot sequence length was less than the number of base station receiving antennas, a numerical algorithm was given forthe first time to achieve the above-mentioned exact spectral separation.

zh-cn	实验仿真证明，由于分层的参数设计保证了渐近谱的精确分离，所提方案比现有的盲导频去污染方案更适合实际应用。
en-us	Since the hierarchical parament design ensuresthe exact separation of the asymptotic spectrum, the results show that the proposed scheme is more suitable for practical applications than the existing blind pilot decontamination.

zh-cn	针对大规模、超密集部署移动互联网和物联网引发的精确频谱共享需求，基于区块链技术提出联网海量个人无线设备构成频谱设备网络：
en-us	To meet the requirement of the precisely spectrum sharing triggered by large-scale and ultra-dense deploymentof mobile internet and internet of things, a framework based on blockchain technology for networking the massive per-sonal wireless devices to form the Internet of spectrum device (IoSD) was proposed.

zh-cn	频谱管理服务器、移动基站、个人无线设备形成云计算与边缘计算相结合的频谱设备网络架构，以频谱数据获取、频谱区块添加、频谱数据传输、频谱数据采集的激励构成了基于区块链的频谱设备网络的基本运行机制，通过感知节点共识融合、验证节点共识验证、簇头节点共识确认，在一定置信度下的假设检验判断是否有恶意感知节点发动伪造频谱数据的拜占庭攻击。
en-us	The architecture of cloud with edgecomputing was proposed as the architecture of IoSD, which consists of spectrum management server, mobile base station,and personal wireless devices.The mechanism of spectrum data acquisition, spectrum block appending, spectrum datatransmission, and spectrum sensing incentive, consist of basic operational mechanism of IoSD.The distributed consensus mechanism, including fusion consensus among sensing-nodes, verification consensusamong checking-nodes, and confir-mation consensus among head-nodes, was applied to determine whether the spectrum data was falsified by the Byzantineattack of malicious sensing-nodesunder the hypothesis test of certain confidence.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明分布式共识机制在防御恶意感知节点伪造频谱数据的拜占庭攻击上的有效性和可靠性。
en-us	The simulation results show the effec-tiveness and robustness of proposed distributed consensus mechanism in preventing spectrum sensing data falsificationby the malicious nodes.

zh-cn	针对当前异构调度模型仅从空间或者时间特性进行建模设计，缺少对时空特性的综合考虑且存在动态性和异构性不够均衡的问题。
en-us	At present, most heterogeneous scheduling models were only designed from the perspective of space or time,without comprehensive consideration the characteristics of time and space, and there was a problem of insufficient bal-ance between dynamics and heterogeneity.

zh-cn	为使拟态云服务系统的动态、异构和冗余特性能够平衡互补，提出一种基于优先级和时间片的执行池调度算法，该算法基于执行池相似性指标进行优先级预排序，结合时间片等策略进行方案调度。
en-us	In order to balance the dynamic, heterogeneous and redundant characteristicsof the mimic cloud service system, an executor pool scheduling algorithm based on priority and time slice was proposed,which performed priority pre-sorting based on the executor pool similarity indicator, and scheduled the program in com-bination with strategies such as time slice.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法有较好的动态性，结合时间片策略能够获得动态性和异构性的综合平衡，且算法耗时较低
en-us	The experimental results show that the algorithm has good dynamics, and itstime slice strategy can achieve a balance of dynamics and heterogeneity, and the algorithm takes less time.

zh-cn	对并行次成分提取算法在信号特征提取中实现方向收敛的过程进行了研究。
en-us	The extraction of parallel minor components algorithm in directional convergence in signal feature extractionwas studied.

zh-cn	采用比较未加权的 PAST 次子空间跟踪算法和加权的 PAST 并行次成分提取算法，分析加权规则对次成分提取算法方向收敛行为的限定方式。
en-us	By comparing the unweighted projection approximation subspace tracking (PAST) algorithm with theweighted PAST parallel minor component extraction algorithm, the evolution method of the minor component extractionalgorithm was analyzed.

zh-cn	理论分析表明，加权规则对状态矩阵的各个向量和次成分之间的角度限定存在规律，并给出了加权规则对状态矩阵各个向量方向的作用方式和定理和讨论。
en-us	Theorical analysis illustrated that the weighted rule was able to guide the angle evolution be-tween the vectors of the state matrix and minor components.

zh-cn	最后，Matlab 仿真实验验证了理论分析的结果。
en-us	Finally, Matlab simulation verifies the validity of the pro-posed theory.

zh-cn	针对不同分布噪声下生成对抗网络生成样本质量差异明显的问题，提出了一种噪声稳健性的卡方生成对抗网络。
en-us	Aiming at the obvious difference of image quality generated by generative adversarial network under differentnoises, a chi-square generative adversarial network (CSGAN) was proposed.

zh-cn	所提网络结合了卡方散度量化敏感性和稀疏不变性的优势，引入卡方散度计算生成样本分布和真实样本分布的距离，减小不同噪声对生成样本的影响且降低对真实样本的质量要求；
en-us	Combing the advantages of quantification sensitivity and sparse invariance, the chi-square divergence was introduced to calculate the distance between the generat-ed samples and the original samples, which could reduce the influence of different noises on the generated samples and the quality requirement of original samples.

zh-cn	搭建了网络架构，构建全局优化目标函数，促进网络不断优化并增强博弈的有效性。
en-us	Meanwhile, the network architecture was built and the global optimization objective function was constructed to enhance the adversarial performance.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提网络在不同噪声下的生成样本质量和稳健性优于目前几种主流网络，且图像质量差异较小。
en-us	Experimental results show that the quality of the images generated by the proposed algorithm has little difference, and the network is more robust to different noisesthan the state-of-the-art networks.

zh-cn	卡方散度的引入不仅提高了生成样本质量，而且提升了网络在不同噪声下的稳健性。
en-us	The application of chi-square divergence not only improves the quality of generatedimages, but also increases the robustness of the network under different noises.

zh-cn	为了提高混合连接的混合预编码的频谱效率，首先利用连续干扰消除（SIC）的原理得到理想条件下的最优混合预编码矩阵，
en-us	In order to improve the spectral efficiency of hybridly-connected hybrid precoding, the optimal hybrid pre-coding matrix under the ideal conditions was firstly obtained by using the principle of successive interference cancel-lation (SIC).

zh-cn	然后利用梯度下降理论将最优混合预编码矩阵分解为数字预编码矩阵和模拟预编码矩阵，
en-us	Secondly, the optimal hybrid precoding matrix was decomposed into the digital precoding matrix and theanalog precoding matrix by using the gradient descent theory.

zh-cn	最后考虑模拟预编码矩阵的恒模约束条件，并以最大化频谱效率为目标利用交替最小化方法优化模拟和数字预编码矩阵。
en-us	Finally, considering the constant modulus constraintcondition of the analog precoding matrix, the digital and analog precoding matrices were optimized by using the al-ternating minimization method aim to maximize the spectral efficiency.

zh-cn	所提出的混合预编码设计算法基于混合连接结构，因而能量效率远优于部分连接的和全连接的混合预编码。
en-us	Due to the hybridly-connected structure, the proposed hybrid precoding design algorithm is significantly superior to the partially-connected and fully-connected hybrid precoding in terms of the system energy efficiency.

zh-cn	同时，该算法不会增加混合连接的混合预编码的硬件复杂度且只少量增加计算量。
en-us	Meanwhile, the algorithm does not increase any hardwarecomplexity and only increases a small amount of computation of the hybridly-connected hybrid precoding.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，该算法能提升混合连接的混合预编码的频谱效率，特别是当射频（RF）链路数大于数据流数时，频谱效率的提升更加显著。
en-us	Computersimulation results exhibit that the proposed algorithm can improve the system spectral efficiency of the hybrid-ly-connected hybrid precoding, and the upgrade of spectral efficiency is more significant especially in the conditionsthat the number of radio frequency (RF) links is greater than the number of data streams.

zh-cn	由于分块不需要满足正交性，该算法比现有混合连接的混合预编码更适合实际应用。
en-us	Since the sub-blocks are notnecessary to satisfy orthogonality conditions, the proposed algorithm is more suitable for practical application than theexisting hybridly-connected hybrid precoding.

zh-cn	针对传统位置隐私保护方案中未充分考虑攻击者拥有背景知识而导致的隐私泄露问题，基于位置语义和查询概率提出一种假位置选择算法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of privacy leakage caused by attackers possessing background knowledge in traditionallocation privacy protection schemes, a dummy location selection algorithm based on location semantics and query proba-bility was proposed.

zh-cn	在假位置集中的位置之间满足语义差异性、查询概率相近且地理位置尽量分散的条件下，避免了攻击者结合背景知识过滤假位置，同时保证了查询结果的精确性。
en-us	Under the conditions that the locations in the dummy location set satisfied semantic difference, sim-ilar query probability, and geographically dispersed, it avoided attackers who filter dummy locations by combining back-ground knowledge, and the accuracy of query results was guaranteed.

zh-cn	仿真实验验证了所提算法能有效保护用户的位置隐私。
en-us	Simulation experiments verify that the proposedalgorithm can effectively protect the user's location privacy.

zh-cn	针对现有图像复制粘贴篡改检测算法计算复杂度过高的问题，提出了一种基于分组尺度不变特征变换的图像复制粘贴篡改快速检测算法。
en-us	Aiming at the high computational complexity of the existing copy-move image forgery detection algorithm, acopy-move forgery detection algorithm based on group scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，利用简单线性迭代聚类将输入图像分割成非重叠且不规则的块；
en-us	Firstly, thesimple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) was utilized to divide the input image into non-overlapping and irregular blocks.

zh-cn	然后，根据图像块内结构张量属性将其分为平坦块、边缘块和角点块，提取图像块内的 SIFT 特征点作为块特征；
en-us	Secondly, the structure tensor was introduced to classify each block as flat blocks, edge blocks and corner blocks, and then the SIFT feature points extracted from the block were taken as the block features.

zh-cn	最后，通过块特征的类间匹配定位篡改区域。
en-us	Finally, the forgery was located by theinter-class matching of the block features.

zh-cn	所提算法通过图像块分类和类间匹配，在保证检测效果的同时，有效地降低了特征匹配定位篡改区域阶段的时间复杂度。
en-us	By means of inter-class matching and feature point matching, the time complexity of the proposed copy-move forgery detection algorithm in feature matching and locating forgery region was effectively re-duced while guaranteeing the detection effect.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法检测准确率为 97.79%，召回率为 90.34%，F 值为 93.59%；图像尺寸为 1 024 像素×768 像素时算法时间复杂度为 12.72 s，图像尺寸为 3 000 像素×2 000 像素时算法时间复杂度为 639.93 s。
en-us	The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is 97.79%, the recall rate is 90.34%, and the F score is 93.59%, the detecting time for the image with size of  1024 768  is12.72 s, and the detecting time for the image with size of  3000 2000  was 639.93 s.

zh-cn	与已有的复制粘贴算法相比，所提算法能够快速精准地定位篡改区域，且具有较好的稳健性。
en-us	Compared with the existing copy-movealgorithm, the proposed algorithm can locate the forgery region quickly and accurately, and has high robustness.

zh-cn	针对蜂窝系统下 D2D 中继辅助通信的能量效率优化问题，在保证蜂窝用户与 D2D 用户服务质量的条件下，提出了一种能效优化算法。
en-us	In order to optimize the energy efficiency for relay-aided D2D communication underlaying cellular network,an algorithm was proposed while guaranteeing the quality of service of D2D users and cellular users.

zh-cn	首先，以最大化系统中总 D2D 用户能效为目标，将优化问题建模为一个混合整数非线性规划问题。
en-us	Firstly, the problemwas formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear fractional programming problem, with the goal of maximizing the energy ef-ficiency of all D2D users.

zh-cn	然后，将能效优化问题转化为功率控制、中继选择和信道分配 3 个子问题分别进行求解。
en-us	Then, the maximizing energy efficiency problem was divided into three sub-problems, such aspower allocation, relay selection and subcarrier assignment.

zh-cn	最后，利用 Dinkelbach 方法和拉格朗日乘子方法解决功率控制问题；利用所提出的基于 Q 学习的中继选择算法完成中继的选择；基于功率控制和中继选择，利用匈牙利算法完成信道的分配。
en-us	Finally, the power allocation problem, the relay selectionproblem and the subcarrier assignment problem were addressed by Dinkelbach method and Lagrange multiplier method,Q-learning and Hungarian algorithm, respectively.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与现有算法相比，所提算法可有效提高系统 D2D 用户的总能效。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improvethe total energy efficiency of D2D users compared with existing algorithms.

zh-cn	传统委托计算中，由于参与者双方的自利行为，存在委托方抵赖和计算方不诚实计算等问题。
en-us	In the traditional delegation computation, due to the self-interested behavior of both participants, there weresome problems such as the denial of the principal and the dishonest calculation by the computing party.

zh-cn	在支付阶段，需采用第三方来保证支付的公平性，从而导致额外的开销且存在泄露参与者隐私的风险。
en-us	In the paymentphase, a third party was required to ensure the fairness of the payment, which led to extra costs and risks of disclosure ofparticipants' privacy.

zh-cn	利用博弈论分析了支付过程中双方达到纳什均衡解，提出一种基于比特币时间承诺的公平支付协议。
en-us	Game theory was used to analyze the Nash equilibrium solution between the two parties in the pay-ment process, and a fair payment protocol based on time commitment of bitcoin was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，利用比特币时间承诺技术保证参与者支付的公平性；
en-us	Firstly, the bitcoin timecommitment technology was used to ensure the fairness of payment.

zh-cn	其次，利用区块链去中心化的特性来取代第三方服务保护各方隐私且实现责任溯源；
en-us	Secondly, the decentralized feature of block chainwas used to replace the third-party service to protect the privacy of all parties and realize the source of responsibility.

zh-cn	最后从安全性和正确性对方案进行分析，证明了参与者在支付过程中诚实选择行为策略。
en-us	Fi-nally, the scheme was analyzed from the perspective of security and correctness, which proved that the participantschoose behavioral strategies honestly in the payment process.

zh-cn	所提方案不仅解决了传统委托计算中公平支付的难题而且保护了参与方的隐私。
en-us	The scheme proposed in this paper not only solved the problem of fair payment in traditional delegation computation, but also protected the privacy of participants.

zh-cn	针对虚警目标较多的复杂场景中，传统舰船检测算法检测结果精度偏低的问题，提出了一种基于多特征加权的 SAR 影像舰船检测优化方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the accuracy of traditional ship detection algorithms is not satisfying in complexscene with many false alarm targets, a ship detection optimization method in SAR imagery based on multi-featureweighting was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，采用标记分水岭算法对 SAR 幅度影像进行去陆操作；
en-us	Firstly, the marker-based watershed algorithm was employed to remove land from SAR ampli-tude image.

zh-cn	其次，利用基于对数正态分布的恒虚警率算法，得到去陆 SAR 影像的候选目标；
en-us	Then, the CFAR algorithm based on log-normal distribution was used to obtain candidate targets from noland image.

zh-cn	再次，提取候选目标的长宽比、舰船面积和对比度 3 个特征；
en-us	Furthermore, the length to width ratio, the ship area and the contrast ratio of the candidate targets were ex-tracted.

zh-cn	最后，提出变异系数法对 3 个特征进行权重分配，并结合候选目标的归一化特征矢量计算其特征置信度，再确定最佳置信度，去除候选目标中的虚警目标，优化舰船检测结果。
en-us	Finally, a variance coefficient method was proposed to distribute the weight of the three features, and the confi-dence levels were calculated by combining the normalized feature vectors of the candidate targets with the feature weight.By determining the best confidence level, false alarm targets among the candidate targets were removed to optimize shipdetection results.

zh-cn	为了验证所提方法，选取不同复杂场景的高分三号 SAR 影像进行舰船检测实验。
en-us	In order to verify the proposed method, experiments were carried on with the GF-3 SAR images of dif-ferent complex scenes.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法具有可行性和有效性。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective.

zh-cn	为减少控制帧消耗，降低系统接入时延，提出了预约式门限服务轮询接入（SGPA）策略，将站点接入时刻缓存区中的排队数据整合为数据集，对数据集进行统一发送和确认。
en-us	Aim to reduce control frames consumption and improve the delay performance, a scheduled gated-service pol-ling access (SGPA) mechanism was proposed, in which the total data packets in the buffer at the polling instant were ag-gregated into a data set, that was transmitted and acknowledged uniformly.

zh-cn	针对 RoF-DAS 架构下 WLAN 差错重传机制与网络接入性能的定量关系进行分析，建立了具有内部数据的门限服务轮询（IAGP）排队模型，利用轮询系统中内部数据的到达和服务过程描述数据差错重传机制，
en-us	Then, an inner-arrival gated-service polling(IAGP) model was proposed to analyze the quantitative relationship between failure retry mechanism and network accessperformance of the wireless local area network (WLAN) in RoF-DAS. The failure retry mechanism were modeled as thearrival and service process of inner customers in IAGP.

zh-cn	然后基于马尔可夫链和概率母函数方法推导出站点数据时延性能与重传次数、重传概率等参数的定量关系表达式。
en-us	Using the Markov chain and generating function method, theclosed-form expressions for the quantitative relationship between delay performance and retrial parameters, such as retrytimes, and the probability of retransmission, were achieved.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，SGPA 与典型 IEEE 802.11 PCF相比有效降低了接入时延；
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed SGPA canachieve a lower delay than IEEE 802.11,

zh-cn	采用 IAGP 模型对系统时延性能分析的理论计算值与仿真结果一致。
en-us	and the theoretical performance evaluation calculated by IAGP are identical with the simulation results,

zh-cn	该分析模型为非理想信道环境和差错重传机制下的 RoF-DAS WLAN 网络接入性能分析提供了一种快速评估机制。·
en-us	which provides an effective evaluation mechanism for the access performance in RoF-DASWLAN, with inperfect channel and failure retry mechanism.

zh-cn	具有低相关性质的码本在同步码分多址系统（CDMA）、量子信息理论以及压缩感知领域都有重要应用。
en-us	Codebooks with low-coherence have wide utilization in code division multiple access (CDMA) communica-tions, quantum information theory, compressed sensing and so on.

zh-cn	为扩展码本数量，放宽了变换矩阵的限制条件。
en-us	In order to expand the number of codebooks, the re-strictions on the transformation matrix were relaxed.

zh-cn	基于 Zadoff-Chu 矩阵，利用差集、几乎差集以及有限域特征和构造了新的码本，得到的码本依照 Welch 界限或 Levenstein 界是最优或几乎最优的。
en-us	Based on the Zadoff-Chu matrix, new codebooks were constructedusing the difference set, almost difference set, and finite field character sum. The proposed codebooks were optimal ornear optimal according to the Welch bound or Levenstein bound.

zh-cn	通过实验仿真发现，基于该类码本构造的确定性测量矩阵在压缩感知中具有良好的性能。
en-us	Through experimental simulation, it is found that thedeterministic measurement matrices constructed using these codebooks also have good performance in the process ofcompressed sensing.

zh-cn	为了指导多样化软件系统在不同应用场景下的冗余变体选取，在研究多样化软件评价指标的基础之上，建立针对软件多样化系统的可用性评价指标体系、安全性评价指标体系、性能指标评价体系，并在此基础上构建了针对多样化软件系统的层次评价体。
en-us	To instruct the selecting of the redundancy variants for diversified software system at different situations, theevaluation systems of usability, security and performance was constructed by using some diversified software evaluationindicators. Then hierarchical analyzation system (HAS) was introduced based on the three evaluation systems.

zh-cn	采用实例验证了所提层次评价体系在小规模变体数目下的可行性。
en-us	A real caseverify that HAS is practicable at the situation that there are not many variants.

zh-cn	针对控制器进行信息同步维护全局网络视图时网络时延大的问题，基于对网络时延的分析提出了一种能够满足动态组网覆盖需求的 SDN 控制器放置方法。
en-us	In view of the problem of large network latency when the controller synchronized information to maintain theglobal network view, the latency-based SDN controller on-demand placement scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，根据卫星与终端的相对速度设计基于冗余覆盖的卫星子网划分机制；
en-us	Firstly, the satellitesubnet division method based on redundant coverage was designed according to the relative velocity of satellite and ter-minal.

zh-cn	然后，对卫星网络分布式控制网络时延的进行研究，建立基于时延的控制器放置模型；
en-us	Then, the controller placement model was established by analyzing the response latency of the satellite distributedcontrol.

zh-cn	最后，将控制器放置问题转化为基于软容量限制的设备放置问题，设计近似算法对模型进行求解。
en-us	Finally, the controller placement problem was transformed into the soft capacitated facility location problem, andthe approximation algorithm was designed to solve the model.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法能够在满足网络覆盖需求的同时优化网络时延。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed schemecan optimize network latency while meeting networking coverage demands.

zh-cn	针对有限字符输入下人工噪声辅助空间调制系统的安全传输问题，提出了一种基于截断速率的天线选择算法。
en-us	For the security transmission of artificial noise with finite alphabet inputs in secure spatial modulation system,an antenna selection algorithm based on cut-off rate (COR) was proposed.

zh-cn	考虑到保密速率的闭式表达式难以得到，通过引入截断速率作为保密速率的一种近似的有效指标，将最大化保密速率问题转化为最大化截断速率优化问题。
en-us	Considering that it was difficult to obtain theclosed-form expression of the secrecy rate, the problem of maximizing the secrecy rate into that of maximizing the CORwas converted by the algorithm.

zh-cn	同时，为降低算法复杂度，对截断速率算法的搜索进行优化，通过对矩阵范数按列展开，将对应天线组合的矩阵范数问题简化为对应天线的列范数问题。
en-us	Meanwhile, in order to reduce the complexity, the COR algorithm was optimized by ex-panding the matrix norm in columns, which was corresponding to the problem of antenna combination.

zh-cn	最后，将只对窃听者产生干扰的人工噪声矢量映射在合法信道空间，进一步提升系统保密速率。
en-us	Finally, the artifi-cial noise vector was mapped in the legitimate channel space to optimize secrecy rate, which only interferes with eave-sdropper.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提出的基于截断速率算法的系统保密速率性能优于基于信漏噪比算法和最大化保密速率算法，并具有更低的复杂度。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm based on COR is superior to the leakage-based algo-rithm and the maximum secrecy rate algorithm, and has lower complexity.

zh-cn	针对非线性信道，基于预测原理提出了回声状态网络（ESN）在线盲均衡算法，
en-us	In view of the nonlinear channel, the online blind equalization algorithm with echo state network was proposed based on prediction principle.

zh-cn	首先将具有良好非线性映射能力的 ESN 代替传统的线性预测误差滤波器，并采用递归最小二乘（RLS）算法计算网络的输出权值，使网络预测误差达到最小；
en-us	In the proposed algorithm, the traditional linear prediction error filter was replaced by theESN with good nonlinear mapping ability, and recursive least square (RLS) algorithm was used to calculate the outputweight of the network to minimize the network prediction error.

zh-cn	然后进行幅值和相位的调整。仿真实验表明，对于 16QAM 信号，所提算法可以有效降低非线性信道对发送信号产生的畸变。
en-us	Then, the amplitude and phase were adjusted. Simulationresults show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the distortion caused by nonlinear channel to the trans-mitted signal for 16QAM signal,

zh-cn	与其他基于预测原理的盲均衡算法相比，所提算法有更低的均方误差值和更快的收敛速度。
en-us	which has lower mean square error and faster convergence speed in comparison withother blind equalization algorithms based on prediction principle.

zh-cn	数据因果一致性是分布式存储中保障数据一致性的重要方案之一，目前的因果一致性方案研究重点包括时钟方法的优化、协议的设计以及操作事务序列的优化等方面。
en-us	Causal consistency is one of the important projects to ensure data consistency in distributed storage. Thecurrent research focuses on causal consistency including optimization of clock method, design of the protocol and theoptimization of operation transaction sequence.

zh-cn	实际上云环境除了时钟漂移、查询放大等情况之外，还存在木马、不可信第三方等不安全因素，以致于破坏因果一致性元数据、用户操作结果的一致性，甚至影响存储环境的可用性。
en-us	In the actual cloud environment, in addition to clock skew and queryamplification, there are also insecure factors such as Trojans and untrusted third parties, which will destroy the causalconsistency metadata stored by users, and the consistency of user's operating results, even affect the availability of thestorage environment.

zh-cn	从一致性存储性能提升和安全保障角度出发，结合区块链等共识机制，对比分析了时钟同步方法、数据复制策略、服务端协议的分析设计以及操作事务序列化等研究方向，
en-us	From the perspective of performance improvement and security in distributed storage, the clocksynchronization, data replications, analysis and design of server protocol, related research progress of the serialization ofoperational affairs were introduced combined with consensus mechanisms such as blockchain.

zh-cn	总结讨论了它们的的原理、优势、局限性以及安全约束方面的不同效用，进而指出未来的发展趋势和后续研究方向，期望对该领域的研究起到参考和帮助作用。
en-us	At the same time, their principlest, advantages, limitations, and different utilities in terms of security constraints were discussed, and then thefuture development trends and follow-up research directions were point out at last, which would provide a reference andhelp for the research in this field.

zh-cn	针对混沌保密光通信的关键技术和最新的研究进展，首先介绍了基于不同非线性器件的混沌生成方法；
en-us	For the key technologies and latest research progress on chaotic secure optical communication, chaos generationmethods based on different nonlinear components were introduced firstly.

zh-cn	然后重点研究了混沌光通信的研究前沿，包括如何提高安全性、如何提升混沌保密光通信的传输容量和距离；
en-us	Then the research progress of chaotic opticalcommunication was discussed, including how to improve the security level, and how to increase the transmission capacityand distance of chaotic optical communication.

zh-cn	最后讨论了混沌保密光通信的局限性和潜力，并对混沌保密光通信的关键技术和研究进展进行了总结。
en-us	At last, the limitations and potentials of chaotic optical communication werediscussed, the key technologies and research progress of chaotic secure optical communication were summarized.

zh-cn	设计了一种 16QAM 信号与 LFM 脉冲相结合的高阶雷达通信一体化波形，把 LFM 信号作为 16QAM 信号的载波，在不影响雷达基本功能的前提下实现高速率的通信。
en-us	A kind of high-order integrated radar communication waveform pulse was proposed, which combined 16QAM andLFM together. The new waveform took LFM signal as the carrier of the 16QAM, so that high communication capacitywas achieved and the radar performance was not impacted.

zh-cn	对 16QAM-LFM 这一新型一体化波形的性能分析和计算机仿真表明，在通信性能方面，该波形与 16QAM 信号的通信误码率特性相同，具有比 BPSK-LFM、MSK-LFM 等低阶调制的一体化信号更高的频带利用率，比 OFDM-LFM 等高效率一体化信号更低的复杂度；
en-us	The analysis and computer simulation for the 16QAM-LFMwaveform show that the new waveform has the same bit error rate as the classic 16QAM signal and larger spectrum effi-ciency compared with the integrated waveforms such as BPSK-LFM and MSK-LFM. Furthermore, the computationalcomplexity of 16QAM-LFM is less than the existing OFDM-LFM waveform. On the other hand, 16QAM-LFM hashigher distance resolution and speed resolution than the traditional LFM pulse signal since its ambiguity function lookslike a thumb tack.

zh-cn	在雷达性能方面，该波形因为其雷达模糊函数接近图钉型，具有比 LFM 信号更高的距离和速度分辨力，对低速目标的检测概率则相同。
en-us	And the detection probability of radar is similar as traditional LFM pulse signal for the slowly moving object.

zh-cn	针对经典保密通信中信息安全传输的问题，提出了一种基于循环码和信息压缩的量子保密通信算法。
en-us	For the problem that the classical secure communication was challenging to transmit information, a quantumsecure communication algorithm based on cyclic code and information compression was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，发送端对传输的信息进行预处理，将其分割为长度不等的 2 组数据，分别用于循环编码和压缩编码。
en-us	First, the data wasencoded into two sets of data with different lengths by the sender, one set of data was used for cycling coding and theother one was used to compress coding.

zh-cn	然后，发送端添加一串量子态传输至接收端，采用误码数作为信道安全检测的依据，
en-us	Second, single-photon sequence was transmitted to the receiver on the quantumchannel by the sender. The error number was used as the basis of channel security detection.

zh-cn	若信道安全，则对预处理后的数据量子态处理，利用量子稳定子码编码分段并传输，依据稳定字码的特性克服环境引起的误码。
en-us	If the channel was secure,quantum states were encoded for the data, and segment transmitted by quantum stabilizer codes. The error caused by theenvironment can be overcome according to characteristic of the stable code.

zh-cn	最后，接收端接收到量子信息后进行解码，并解循环和解压缩从而获得数据。
en-us	Finally, the information was decoded afterreceiving the quantum information, then recirculated and decompressed to obtain data.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明，所提量子保密通信算法能较好地抵抗篡改和截断信息的攻击。
en-us	The security analysis shows that the quantum secure communication algorithm can resist the attack of jamming and spoofing attacked.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，对于数据压缩部分按 5 分段能获得较好的效果。
en-us	The simulation re-sults show that good results can be obtained to 5 segments for data compression.

zh-cn	为了有效地捕捉 LBSN 中丰富的签到、社交等多维上下文信息的空间特性，并深层挖掘用户和 POI 之间的非线性交互，提出了一种谱嵌入增强的 POI 推荐算法——PSC-SMLP，设计了偏好增强的谱聚类算法 PSC 和谱嵌入增强的神经网络 SMLP。
en-us	In order to effectively capture the spatial characteristics of multi-dimensional context information in LBSN,and deeply explore the non-linear interaction between users and POIs, a spectral embedding enhanced POI recommenda-tion algorithm, namely PSC-SMLP, was proposed.

zh-cn	在 2 个经典数据集上与现有的 POI 推荐算法相比，PSC-SMLP 可以深层学习用户对POI 的个性化偏好，在准确率、召回率、nDCG、平均精度等指标中均获得较大提升。
en-us	A preference enhanced spectral clustering algorithm (PSC) and a novel spectral embedded enhanced neural network (SMLP) was designed to solve the above problems. Compared with state-of-the-art algorithms on two datasets, PSC-SMLP has better performance in terms of the precision, recall, nDCGand mean average precision.

zh-cn	物联网技术的多学科交叉融合特性为解决矿山安全生产问题提供了全新的途径，矿山“人−机−环”状态信息的实时精准感知是矿山物联网应用的基础。
en-us	The multi-disciplinary cross-integration of Internet of things (IoT) technology provides a new way to thoroughlysolve the problem of mine safety production. The real-time accurate perception and intelligent analysis of mine “hu-man-machine-environment” status information is the basis of mine IoT application.

zh-cn	分析了矿山安全生产物联网技术体系架构，围绕矿山物联网感知理论、智能传感技术、标准化方法、大数据分析服务几个关键问题，建立了基于信息物理系统和数字孪生的虚实融合感知理论模型，
en-us	The technological architecture of the IoTwas analyzed for mine safety production, the virtual-real fusion perception theory model based on CPS and DT was established to solve key issues in mine IoT, such as perception theory, intelligent sensing technology, standardization method and large dataanalysis service.

zh-cn	提出了矿山“人−机−环”信息统一描述方法，研究了矿用光学等多参数传感与能量自动捕获技术，规范了矿山物联网编码与交互协议标准，
en-us	A unified description method for mine “human-machine-environment” information was put forward, the mul-ti-parameter sensors and intelligent autonomous sensing devices were developed, and the mine IoT coding and interaction pro-tocol standards were standardized.

zh-cn	设计了矿山物联网融合通信网络服务架构，构建了矿山物联网大数据高效接入与深度分析应用服务体系，实现矿山安全生产状态信息的全面精准感知、实时高效交互与智能分析应用。
en-us	In addition, it was designed for the mine IoT converged communication network service ar-chitecture, the application service system of high-efficiency access and deep analysis of large data in mine IoT was constructed,which realized the comprehensive and accurate perception, real-time and efficient interaction and intelligent analysis applicationof mine safety production status information.

zh-cn	为提升矿山安全预防准备、监测预警、态势预判、综合保障技术水平，提高矿山安全生产效率提供有力的科技支撑。
en-us	It also provides strong scientific and technological support for the mine safety preven-tion preparation, monitoring and early warning, situational prejudgment, comprehensive protection and other technical levels.

zh-cn	针对选煤厂设备种类繁多、监测点分散的特点，提出了一种基于压缩感知的设备多源信息无线传输与分类算法。
en-us	Aiming at the characteristics of various types of equipment in coal preparation plant and the dispersion ofmonitoring points, a multi-source information wireless transmission and classification algorithm for equipment based oncompressed sensing was proposed.

zh-cn	通过构建一种多跳信息传输模型，将信息传输问题转换为多路测量信号的压缩感知问题，将测量矩阵获取问题转化为多跳信息传输模型的路由问题。
en-us	By constructing a multi-hop information transmission model, the information trans-mission problem was transformed into the compressed sensing problem of multi-path measurement signals, thereby themeasurement matrix acquisition was transformed into the routing problem of the multi-hop information transmissionmodel.

zh-cn	针对所获得的测量矩阵存在较大相干性、影响信号重构效果问题，将随机路由的思想引入路由构建当中，提出了一种随机动态自组织路由算法。
en-us	Aiming at the large coherence of the obtained measurement matrix and affecting the signal reconstruction effect,the idea of random routing was introduced into the routing construction, and a random dynamic self-organizing routingalgorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	为了解决重构后的信号时域特征难以对故障类型进行精确分类的问题，针对重构信号，引入了一种新的时域特征——振动信号的全变分，并通过补偿距离评估算法（CDET）验证了引入指标的优越性。
en-us	In order to solve the problem that the time domain features of the reconstructed signal were dif-ficult to accurately classify the fault type, a new time domain feature, the total variation (TV) of the vibration signal, wasintroduced for the reconstructed signal, and the compensation distance estimation algorithm was adopted to verify thesuperiority of the introduction of indicators.

zh-cn	通过选煤厂实测数据分析表明，所提多源信息传输与分类算法在提高监测数据实时传输效率情况下，能够有效提高故障识别精度。
en-us	The analysis of the measured data of the coal preparation plant shows that the proposed multi-source information transmission and classification algorithm can effectively improve the fault recognitionaccuracy under the condition of improving the real-time transmission efficiency of the monitoring data.

zh-cn	针对低轨物联网卫星系统的路由问题，提出了基于流量预测的物联网卫星节点动态缓存分配路由策略。
en-us	Aiming at the routing problem of low earth orbit (LEO) Internet of things (IoT) satellite systems, a dynamiccache allocation routing strategy based on traffic prediction for IoT satellite nodes was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，分析低轨卫星覆盖区域内业务分布的时空特性，提出了端到端流量预测方法。
en-us	Firstly, the space-timecharacteristics of traffic distribution in the LEO coverage area were analyzed, and an end-to-end traffic prediction modelwas proposed.

zh-cn	然后，根据流量预测结果，提出了动态缓存分配路由策略。
en-us	Then, according to the traffic prediction result, a dynamic cache allocation routing strategy was proposed.The satellite node periodically monitored the traffic load of the inter-satellite link, dynamically allocated the cache re-sources of each inter-satellite link between the neighboring nodes.

zh-cn	卫星节点通过对星间链路的流量负载进行周期性监测，动态分配与邻居节点间各条星间链路的缓存资源，分为初始化和系统运行 2 个阶段。
en-us	The cache allocation process was divided into twophases, initialization and system operation.

zh-cn	同时，提出了节点拥塞时的业务分流及数据分组转发策略，通过比较排队时延和转发时延的大小，决定数据分组是否需要进行重路由。
en-us	At the same time, the traffic offload and packet forwarding strategy when thenode was congested was proposed. By comparing the queuing delay and the forwarding delay, it was determined whetherthe data packet needs to be rerouted.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提路由策略有效地降低了分组丢失率及平均端到端时延，改善了业务在全网的分布情况。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed routing strategy effectively reducesthe packet loss rate and average end-to-end delay, and improves the traffic distribution in the whole network.

zh-cn	针对视频自动描述任务中的复杂信息表征问题，提出一种多维度和多模态视觉特征的提取和融合方法。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of complex information representation in automatic video description tasks, amulti-dimensional and multi-modal visual feature extraction and fusion method was proposed.

zh-cn	首先通过迁移学习提取视频序列的静态和动态等多维度特征，并采用图像描述算法提取视频关键帧的语义信息，完成视频信息的特征表征；
en-us	Firstly, multi-dimensionalfeatures such as static and dynamic attributes of the video sequence were extracted by transfer learning, and the imagedescription algorithm was also used to extract the semantic information of the key frames in the video. By doing this, thevideo features extraction was carried out.

zh-cn	然后采用多层长短期记忆网络融合多维度和多模态信息，最终生成视频内容的语言描述。
en-us	Then, multi-layer long and short memory networks were used to fuse mul-ti-dimensional and multi-modal information, and finally generated a language description of the video content.

zh-cn	实验仿真表明，所提方法与目前已有方法相比，在视频自动描述任务中取得了较好的效果。
en-us	Compared with the existing methods, experimental simulations results show that the proposed method achieves better results in thevideo automatic description task.

zh-cn	针对矿山企业安全监测系统存在的可靠性差、覆盖面小、成本高昂、维护不力、预警不准等突出问题，提出了一种新的矿山微功耗安全监测物联网系统，可为矿山的生产作业安全提供有效的技术支撑。
en-us	In view of the problems existing in the safety monitoring system of China's mining enterprises, such as poorreliability, small coverage, high cost, weak maintenance and inaccurate early-warning, etc., a new safety monitoring IoT system with micro power consumption was proposed for Chinese mines to provide effective technical support for the safety of mine production and operation.

zh-cn	所提系统突破了微功耗信息采集、故障诊断与自愈、无线网络节能通信和在线智能分析预警等关键技术，并在矿山企业的尾矿库在线监测、边坡监测和地压监测等典型业务中成功应用。
en-us	The key technologies such as micro-power consumption information collection,fault diagnosis and auto-recovery, energy-saving wireless communication, online intelligent data analysis and earlywarning had been broken through by the proposed system, which had been successfully applied in typical cases such asonline monitoring of tailings ponds, open-pit slop and ground pressure of domestic mining enterprises.

zh-cn	现场实践表明，所提系统相对于现有常规安全监测系统更加适合矿山作业条件，智能传感器信噪比提升 1.4 倍，综合能耗降低 10%，可实现在线智能分析与快速预警。
en-us	Field practice shows that the proposed system is more suitable for mine operation conditions than the existing conventional safety mon-itoring system, the SNR of new sensor is increased by 1.4 times, the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced by10%, which is suitable for online intelligent analysis and rapid warning.

zh-cn	针对目前井下定位存在的问题，设计了由多种传感设备、测绘设备和工控机组成的掘进机器人物联网，发展了一种新的井下定位方法，并据此构建了面向无人工作面的掘进机器人系统，应用所提机器人系统进行了实际作业实验。
en-us	To overcome the problems faced in underground positioning, the robotic roadheader mine Internet of things(IoT) was designed which connected multi sensors, surveying devices and industrial computers, and a novel positioningmethod was developed, based on which a robotic roadheader system was built. The robotic roadheader system was em-ployed for real-world tunnel cutting.

zh-cn	实验结果和系统持续运行表明，所提定位方法实现了精确可靠的实时定位，均方根误差控制在 5 cm以内。基于所提定位方法的掘进机器人实现了对周围环境的实时精确感知和与周围环境的精准交互，从而实现了安全高效高精度的井下掘进，以及综掘面无人化。
en-us	The experimental results verifies the high accuracy of the positioning method, whichachieves an RMSE error less than 5 cm, and the robust running of the robotic roadheader indicates that the robotic road-header system can precisely perceive the surrounding environment and make precise interaction with the working envi-ronment, which yield a safety, high efficiency, and precisely underground tunnel building and coal mining and an un-manned working surface.

zh-cn	基于光纤 Bragg 光栅（FBG）检测原理，研发了适用于地下空间安全监测应用的光纤风速、温度、湿度等多参数传感器。
en-us	Based on the principle of fiber Bragg grating detection, an optical fiber sensor for detecting wind speed andtemperature and humidity in underground space was designed.

zh-cn	光纤风速传感器基于激光致热光纤热线式流量检测原理，对于低风速有较高的灵敏度，
en-us	The designed optical fiber wind speed sensor was based on the thermal flow detection method, which has high sensitivity to low wind speed.

zh-cn	风速从0 变化到 0.5 m/s 时，FBG 波长变化量为 800 pm，采用解调精度为 1 pm 的光纤光栅解调仪，风速分辨率为 0.7 mm/s。
en-us	For the speed rising from 0 to 0.5 m/s, thewavelength variation is about 800 pm. For the demodulator with sensitivity of 1 pm, the speed resolution is 0.7 mm/s.

zh-cn	光纤湿度传感器通过在 FBG 光栅表面均匀涂覆湿度敏感的聚酰亚胺溶液，湿度变化导致光纤应变变化进而实现湿度测量。对新型光纤光栅温湿度传感器的性能参数进行测试，实验测试结果显示，传感器监测灵敏度为 4.2pm/%RH ，检测精度小于±3%RH。
en-us	Fiber optic humidity sensor was fabricated by uniform surface coating of FBG element in polyimide solution, and detec-tion sensitivity of 4.2 pm/% RH was achieved with accuracy less than ± 3% RH.

zh-cn	针对网络空间可视化往往还在使用传统的地理信息系统，难以真正展现网络空间特点和规律的问题，提出了多尺度、多维度、多视图的网络空间信息系统模型，将网络空间信息系统定位为与地理信息系统相平行的概念，
en-us	For the visualization of cyberspace is still using the traditional geographic information system, which makes itdifficult to truly express the characteristics and laws of cyberspace, a multi-scale, multi-dimensional and multi-view cy-berspace information system model was proposed to take the cyberspace information system as a concept parallel to the geographic information system,

zh-cn	即地理信息系统支持以地理坐标系为基础的可视化表达，网络空间信息系统支持基于网络空间自身坐标系的可视化表达。
en-us	that was, the geographic information system supported visualization based on the geo-graphic coordinate system, and the cyberspace information system supported visualization based on the coordinate sys-tem of cyberspace itself.

zh-cn	同时定义了网络空间信息系统的基本概念模型，为之后的研究奠定理论基础，并阐述了网络空间信息系统关键技术，以及部分关于坐标系、比例尺、多维度表达模型等探索性研究工作和应用案例。
en-us	Then, the basic concepts of cyberspace information system were defined to provide a theoreticalfoundation for later research, and the key technologies, part of exploratory research work including the coordinate system,scale, multi-dimensional expression model and application cases were expounded.

zh-cn	研发的原型效果表明，网络空间信息系统更便于网络空间事务的展现和处理。
en-us	According to the prototype developed,the cyberspace information system is more convenient for the display and processing of cyberspace affairs.

zh-cn	为了解决 5G 移动通信系统功耗较大、频谱短缺、覆盖盲区等问题，针对用户终端带能量收集的两层异构非正交多址接入网络，提出了一种基于能效最大的稳健资源分配算法。
en-us	To solve the problems of large power consumption, spectrum shortage, and coverage blindness of 5G mobilecommunication system, for a downlink two-tier heterogeneous NOMA network with simultaneous wireless informationand power transfer (SWIPT), an energy efficiency (EE) maximization-based robust resource allocation was considered.

zh-cn	考虑每个微蜂窝最小速率约束、微蜂窝基站最大功率约束、跨层干扰约束和时间切换系数约束，基于有界信道不确定性建立联合稳健功率分配和时间切换的混合资源分配模型。
en-us	Considering the constraints of the minimum rate requirement of each femtocell user, the maximum transmit power offemto base station, the cross-tier interference power and the time switching (TS) factor, a joint robust power allocationand TS optimization problem was formulated under bounded channel uncertainties.

zh-cn	基于 Dinkelbach 方法和 Worst-case 方法，将原 NP-hard 问题转换为确定性优化问题。
en-us	By using Dinkelbach's method andthe worst-case approach, the originally NP-hard problem was converted into a deterministic one which was transformed into a convex one by using the successive convex approximation approach.

zh-cn	利用连续凸近似方法将确定性稳健优化问题转换为凸优化问题，并基于拉格朗日对偶分解方法提出一种双层迭代算法实现功率分配和最优时间切换。
en-us	A two-layer iterative power allocation and TSalgorithm was proposed by using Lagrange dual decomposition methods.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法在能效和稳健性方面优于传统非稳健算法和非携能通信算法。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate that the pro-posed algorithm has good EE and robustness by comparing with the conventional non-robust resource allocation (RA)algorithm and the RA without SWIPT.

zh-cn	针对现有蜜罐易被攻击者识破而导致其抵御渗透攻击时经常失效的问题，提出一种基于动态伪装网络的主动欺骗防御方法。
en-us	In view of the problem that the existing honeypots often fail to resist the penetration attack due to the lack ofconfidentiality, an active deception defense method based on dynamic camouflage network (DCN) was presented.

zh-cn	首先，给出动态伪装网络定义并描述基于动态伴随网络的主动欺骗攻防场景；
en-us	The definition of DCN was given firstly, and then the attacker-defender scenario of active deception based on DCN was de-scribed.

zh-cn	然后，在分析攻防交互过程的基础上，构建信号博弈模型来指导最优欺骗策略选取；
en-us	Next, the interaction process of the attacker-defender scenario was modeled by using a signaling game, whoseequilibrium can guide the selection of optimal deception strategy.

zh-cn	进一步，设计基于双层威胁渗透图的攻防策略收益量化方法；
en-us	Furthermore, to quantify the payoffs accurately, thetwo-layer threat penetration graph (TLTPG) was introduced.

zh-cn	最后，提出一种统一纯策略与混策略的博弈均衡求解方法。
en-us	Finally, the solution for game equilibrium was designed,through which pure strategy and mixed strategy could be calculated simultaneously.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，基于动态伪装网络，精炼贝叶斯均衡能够为防御者实施最优防御策略提供有效指导，实现防御者收益最大化。
en-us	The experimental results show that,based on the dynamic camouflage network, the perfect Bayesian equilibrium can provide effective guidance for the de-fender to implement the optimal defense strategy and maximize the benefits of the defender.

zh-cn	此外，还总结了利用动态伪装网络进行主动欺骗防御的特点与规律。
en-us	In addition, the characteris-tics and rules of active deception defense DCN-based are summarized.

zh-cn	针对复杂网络环境下访问控制策略冗余与冲突检测、访问控制策略评估的效率面临的严峻挑战，提出了基于属性轻量级可重构的访问控制策略。
en-us	Aiming at the severe challenges of access control policy redundancy and conflict detection, the efficiency ofaccess control policy evaluation in complex network environment, an attribute-based lightweight reconfigurable access con-trol policy was proposed.

zh-cn	以基于属性的访问控制策略为范例，根据访问控制策略中的操作类型、主体属性、客体属性和环境属性将基于属性的访问控制策略划分为多个不相交的原子访问控制规则，并通过与、或等逻辑关系构成的代数表达式，将原子访问控制规则重构出复杂访问控制策略；
en-us	Taking the attribute-based access control policy as an example, the attribute-based access control policy was divided into multiple disjoint atomic access control rules according to the operation type, subject attribute, objectattribute, and environment attribute in the access control policy. Complex access control policies were constructed throughatomic access control rules and an algebraic expression formed by AND, OR logical relationships.

zh-cn	提出原子访问控制规则冗余与冲突检测方法，将复杂访问控制策略分解为等效的原子访问控制规则和代数表达式，通过对等效的原子访问控制规则和代数表达式进行冗余与冲突检测实现对复杂访问控制策略进行冗余与冲突检测；
en-us	A method for redundancya nd collision detection of atomic access control rules was proposed. A method was proposed for decompose a complexaccess control policy into equivalent atomic access control rules and an algebraic expression. The method for redundancyand collision detection of complex access control policies were proposed through redundancy and collision detection ofequivalent atomic access control rules and algebraic expressions.

zh-cn	从时间复杂度和空间复杂度 2 个不同角度对等效转化的访问控制策略进行评估。
en-us	From time complexity and space complexity, the efficiencyof the equivalent transformation access control policy was evaluated.

zh-cn	结果表明，所提方法大大降低了访问控制策略的长度、数量和复杂度，提高了访问控制策略冗余与冲突检测的效率以及访问控制策略评估的效率。
en-us	It showes that the reconstruction method for accesscontrol policy greatly reduces the number, size and complexity of access control policy, improves the efficiency of accesscontrol policy redundancy and collision detection, and the efficiency of access control evaluation.

zh-cn	针对现有无人机（UAV）空地信道几何统计模型（GBSM）对信号到达角和出射角分布的假设过于理想，无法准确描述 UAV 空地传播环境的空间统计特性，影响建模准确性的问题，面向基于圆柱散射体的 UAV 三维空地信道模型，从俯仰面和水平面详细分析了到达角和出射角对应散射区域的空间几何特征，进而推导得到角度分布的概率密度函数。
en-us	To cope with the problem that the distribution assumptions of arrival angle and departure angle in existinggeometry-based stochastic modeling (GBSM) for the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) air-to-ground (A2G) channel aretoo ideal to describe the spatial statistical property of the UAV A2G propagation environment precisely, considering the three-dimensional (3D) cylindrical A2G channel model, the spatial geometric characteristics of scattering regions were investigated analytically as corresponding to the angles of arrival and departure in both elevation and azimuth planes,which derived the probability density function (PDF) for the distribution of each angle.

zh-cn	通过仿真研究了信道模型的多种参数对概率密度函数的影响，证明了所提成果能够准确地刻画 UAV 空地信道到达角和出射角的分布，可为空地通信信道的准确建模提供支撑。
en-us	The effects of various parametersof channel model on the PDF were studied and simulation results prove that the derived PDF can describe the spatial sta-tistical properties of UAV A2G channels more accurately, and can support the modeling of A2G communication channelswell.

zh-cn	针对如何保护控制器，尤其是骨干控制器免受安全威胁与攻击，提高 SDN 控制平面的安全性，提出一种基于最小代价路径的交换机迁移算法。
en-us	In order to protect the controller, especially the controller in backbone network, from security threats and at-tacks, improve the security of the software-defined network (SDN) control plane, a switch migration algorithm based onminimum cost path was proposed.

zh-cn	在迁移模型中加入负载预测模块，预测模块执行控制器负载预测算法，得到负载预测矩阵，然后根据负载预测矩阵确定迁出、目标控制器集合。
en-us	A load prediction module was added to the migration model, which executed a con-troller load prediction algorithm to obtain a load prediction matrix, and then a migration-target controller set was deter-mined according to the load prediction matrix.

zh-cn	利用改进的迪杰斯特拉算法确定最小代价路径，根据控制器的负载状态和待迁移交换机的流量优先级，在最小代价路径中确定最优迁移交换机集合，同时针对迁移过程中可能产生的孤立节点问题给出了解决方案。
en-us	The improved Dijkstra algorithm was used to determine the minimum costpath. According to the load state of the controller and the traffic priority of the switch to be migrated, the optimal migra-tion switch set was determined. The problem of isolated nodes was solved that may occur during the migration process.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法确定的迁移触发时机、迁出控制器和目标控制器更加合理，减少了迁移次数和代价，增强了控制器的安全性，提高了控制器性能。
en-us	The experimental results show that the migration timing of the algorithm is more reasonable, the selection of the migra-tion controller and the target controller is more reasonable, the load balancing of the control plane is realized, the number of migrations and cost are reduced, and the performance of the controller is improved.

zh-cn	针对监督式神经网络测试网络威胁时需根据数据类别标记进行建模的局限性，提出了一种基于无监督多源数据特征解析的网络威胁态势评估方法。
en-us	Aiming at the limitations of supervised neural network in the network threat testing task relying on data cate-gory tagging, a network threat situation evaluation method based on unsupervised multi-source data feature analysis wasproposed.

zh-cn	首先，设计了一个面向安全威胁评估的变分自动编码器−生成式对抗网络（V-G），将只包含正常网络流量的训练数据集输入 V-G 的网络集合层进行模型训练，并计算各层网络输出的重构误差。
en-us	Firstly, a variant auto encoder-generative adversarial network (V-G) for security threat assessment was de-signed. The training data set containing only normal network traffic was input to the network collection layer of V-G toperform the model training, and the reconstruction error of the network output of each layer was calculated.

zh-cn	然后，通过输出层的三层变分自动编码器重构误差学习并获取训练异常阈值，使用包含异常网络流量的测试数据集测试分组威胁并统计每组测试的威胁发生概率。
en-us	Then, the re-construction error learning was performed by the three-layer variation automatic encoder of the output layer, and thetraining abnormal threshold was obtained. The packet threat was tested by using the test data set containing the abnormalnetwork traffic, and the probability of occurrence of the threat of each group of tests was counted.

zh-cn	最后，根据威胁发生概率确定网络安全威胁严重度，结合威胁影响度计算威胁态势值以获取网络威胁态势。
en-us	Finally, the severity of the network security threat was determined according to the probability of threat occurrence, and the threat situation valuewas calculated according to the threat impact to obtain the network threat situation.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，所提方法对网络威胁具有较强的表征能力，能够有效直观地评估网络威胁的整体态势。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method has strong characterization ability for network threats, and can effectively and intuitively evaluate theoverall situation of network threat.

zh-cn	针对 Android 操作系统 App 内第三方域名采集用户信息造成的隐私泄露问题，基于 TF-IDF 模型和层次聚类方法提出了移动设备中的隐私泄露评估方案 HostRisk。
en-us	Aiming at the privacy leakage, which was caused by collecting user information by third-party host in Androidoperating system App, a privacy leakage evaluation scheme HostRisk was proposed. HostRisk was based on TF-IDF modeland hierarchical clustering method, which was applied in mobile device.

zh-cn	TF-IDF 模型通过 App 内域名的行为特征计算域名与App 的业务相关性，对于未能表现出 App 业务相关性行为特征的业务相关域名通过平均连接的凝聚型层次聚类方法进行调整优化，最终根据 App 内所有域名的排名计算其隐私泄露危害程度。
en-us	The TF-IDF model calculated the business relev-ance between Apps and hosts via the behavior characteristics of the hosts in these Apps. For the business related hosts thatfail to express the business relevance characteristics, those hosts were adjusted and optimized via the average connected hie-rarchical agglomerative clustering method. Finally, the harmful degree of privacy leakage was evaluated based on the rank-ing of all hosts in the App.

zh-cn	实验结果验证了所提方案的有效性和效率。
en-us	The experimental results verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the scheme.

zh-cn	针对信息安全领域内的共指消解问题，提出了一个混合型方法。
en-us	To solve the problem of coreference resolution in information security, a hybrid method was proposed.

zh-cn	该方法在原来 BiLSTM-attention-CRF 模型的基础上引入领域词典匹配机制，将其与文档层面的注意力机制相结合，
en-us	Based on the BiLSTM-attention-CRF model, the domain-dictionary matching mechanism was introduced and combined with the attention mechanism at the document level.

zh-cn	作为一种新的基于字典的注意力机制，来解决从文本中提取候选词时对稀有实体以及长度较长的实体识别能力稍弱的问题，
en-us	As a new dictionary-based attention mechanism, the word features werecalculated to solve the problem of weak recognition ability of rare entities and entities with long length when extracting candidates from text.

zh-cn	并通过总结领域文本特征，将提取出的待消解候选词根据词性分别采用规则与机器学习的方式进行消解，以提高准确性。
en-us	And by summarizing the features of the domain texts, the candidates were coreferenced by rules andmachine learning according to the part of speech to improve the accuracy.

zh-cn	通过在安全领域数据集的实验，分别从共指消解以及提取候选词并分类 2 个方面证明了方法的优越性。
en-us	Through the experiments on security data set,the superiority of the method is proved from the aspects of coreference resolution and extraction of candidates from text .

zh-cn	鉴于超密集网络中急剧增长的小区和用户数量，研究了如何通过合理地选择联合传输用户来实现动态干扰协调，以此提高小区边缘用户频谱效率。
en-us	In consideration of the rapidly increasing number of cells and users in the ultra-dense network, how to realizedynamic interference coordination by selecting the appropriate joint transmission users was studied, so as to improve the spectral efficiency of the edge users.

zh-cn	通过动态协作簇划分和动态联合静默传输 2 种手段，将所有用户分类；
en-us	All users were classified by dynamic coordination cluster division and dynamicjoint-muting transmission.

zh-cn	再利用迭代优化算法进一步提高系统性能，同时解决了联合传输用户的数量选择问题。
en-us	The iterative optimization algorithm was used to further improve the system performance andsolve the problem of selecting the number of joint transmission users.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与传统的协作多点方案相比，所提方案在不损失小区平均频谱效率的前提下，在小区边缘频谱效率方面存在显著的性能增益。
en-us	The simulation results prove that compared with the conventional CoMP JT scheme, the proposed scheme has significant performance gains in the cell edge spectral effi-ciency without reducing the cell average spectral efficiency.

zh-cn	针对一对多搜索模型下共享解密密钥缺乏细粒度访问控制且搜索结果缺乏正确性验证的问题，提出了一种基于区块链且支持验证的属性基搜索加密方案。
en-us	For the problem that the shared decryption key lacks of fine-grained access control and the search results lacksof correctness verification under one-to-many search model, a verifiable attribute-based searchable encryption schemebased on blockchain was proposed.

zh-cn	通过对共享密钥采用密文策略属性加密机制，实现细粒度访问控制。
en-us	The ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption mechanism was used on the sharedkey to achieve fine-grained access control.

zh-cn	结合以太坊区块链技术，解决半诚实且好奇的云服务器模型下返回搜索结果不正确的问题，在按需付费的云环境下，实现用户和云服务器之间服务−支付公平，使各方诚实地按照合约规则执行。
en-us	Ethereum blockchain technology was combined to solve the problem of in-correct search results returned by the semi-honest and curious cloud server model, so it could prompt both the cloud serv-er and the user to follow the rules of the contract honestly and achieved service-payment fairness between the user andthe cloud server in the pay-per-use cloud environment.

zh-cn	另外，依据区块链的不可篡改性，保证云服务器得到服务费，用户得到正确的检索结果，而不需要额外验证，减少用户计算开销。
en-us	In addition, based on the irreversible modification of the block-chain, the cloud server was guaranteed to receive the service fee, and the user was assured to obtain the correct retrievalresults without additional verification which reduced the computational overhead of the user.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明，所提方案满足自适应选择关键词语义安全，能很好地保护用户的隐私以及数据的安全。
en-us	The security analysis showsthat the scheme satisfies the semantic security against adaptive chosen keyword attack and can protect the privacy of us-ers and the security of data.

zh-cn	性能对比及实验结果表明，所提方案在安全索引产生、搜索令牌生成、检索效率以及交易数量方面有一定的优化，更加适用于智慧医疗等一对多搜索场景。
en-us	The performance comparison and experimental results show that the scheme has certain op-timizations in security index generation, search token generation, retrieval efficiency and transaction quantity, so it ismore suitable for one-to-many search scenarios such as smart medical.

zh-cn	为解决车辆移动及边缘服务器有限服务范围造成的服务中断问题，为车辆边缘网络提出一种基于多参数马尔可夫决策过程的动态服务迁移算法。
en-us	To handle with the service interruption caused by vehicles' mobility and limited service coverage of edge serv-ers, a dynamic service migration algorithm based on multi-parameters Markov decision process (MDP) model was putforward for vehicular edge network, which was called as dynamic service migration algorithm based on multiple parame-ter (DSMMP).

zh-cn	通过构造包含时延、带宽、服务器处理能力及车辆运动信息的多参数MDP 收益函数，弥补了单纯基于距离进行服务迁移方案的不足；
en-us	Combining delay, bandwidth, server capacity with vehicle motion information, DSMMP constructed amulti-parameters MDP revenue function to remedy the deficiency of distance-based schemes.

zh-cn	不再使用单一迁移目标服务器，结合车辆运动及时延限制构造候选服务器集合，基于 Bellman 方程表示的长期收益值进行迁移决策；
en-us	By using vehicle motionand delay constraints, a candidate server set with several candidate servers was defined, and migration decision throughlong-term Bellman revenue values was made.

zh-cn	利用历史数据进行权重计算及数据更新，提高了算法对动态环境的适应能力。
en-us	In order to improve the dynamic adaptability of the proposed algorithm, theweight values were calculated and updated by leveraging historical information.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法降低了服务时延、数据分组丢失率及服务迁移次数。
en-us	Simulation results show that our strategyhas a good performance in terms of delay, packet loss ratio and service migration times.

zh-cn	为克服现有 BCH 码识别算法在低信噪比下适应性差的缺点，提出了一种基于平均余弦符合度的识别算法。
en-us	In order to overcome the poor performance of existing algorithms for recognition of BCH code in low sig-nal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a recognition algorithm based on average cosine conformity was proposed.

zh-cn	首先遍历可能的码长值以及 m 级本原多项式域，进行初始码根校验匹配，从而完成码长识别；
en-us	Firstly, by traversingthe possible values of code length and m-level primitive polynomial fields, the code length was identified by matching theinitial code roots.

zh-cn	然后在识别出码长前提下，遍历 m 级本原多项式下的 GF(2 m )域，其最强纠错能力的本原多项式即为 GF(2 m )域生成多项式；
en-us	Secondly, on the premise of recognizing the code length, the GF(2 m ) domain was traversed under them-level primitive polynomial and the primitive polynomial with the strongest error-correcting ability was the generator pol-ynomial for the domain.

zh-cn	最后求取所有连续码根最小多项式对应的最小公倍式，完成编码生成多项式识别。
en-us	Finally, the minimum common multiple corresponding to the minimum polynomial of code rootswas obtained, and the BCH code generator polynomial was recognized.

zh-cn	在校验匹配过程中，引入了平均余弦符合度统计量，基于软判决下符合度的统计特性以及最小错误判决准则求解出最优门限，从而实现本原 BCH码参数快速识别。
en-us	In checking matching, the statistic of average cosineconformity was introduced. The optimal threshold was solved based on the minimum error decision criterion and distributionof the statistic to realize the fast identification of the BCH.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，推导的符合度统计特性与实际情况一致，所提算法能在低信噪比下有效完成参数识别，同时具有较好的低信噪比适应能力，在信噪比为 5 dB，码长为 511 的条件下，能够完成参数的可靠识别，
en-us	The simulation results show that the deduced statistical character-istics are consistent with the actual situation, and the proposed algorithm can achieve reliable recognition under SNR of 5 dBand code length of 511.

zh-cn	与目前算法相比，所提算法性能优于现有的软判决算法，且比硬判决算法提升 1~3.5 dB。
en-us	Comparing with existing algorithms, the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of the existing soft-decision algorithm and 1~3.5 dB better than that of the hard-decision algorithms.

zh-cn	针对传统前向后向匹配追踪（FBP）算法运行时间较长的问题，提出了一种自适应加速前向后向匹配追踪（AAFBP）算法。
en-us	Aiming at the long running time problem of the traditional forward-backward pursuit (FBP) algorithm, an adap-tive acceleration forward-backward pursuit (AAFBP) algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	AAFBP 算法的重构过程可分为 2 个阶段，在前向阶段利用自适应阈值来选取适量原子加入支撑集，
en-us	The reconstruction process of AAFBP algo-rithm can be divided into two stages. In the forward stage, the AAFBP algorithm used the adaptive threshold to select the rightamount of atoms to join the support set.

zh-cn	在后向回溯过程中以原子的投影系数大小作为删除依据，利用自适应删除阈值来进行原子的删除，同时克服了自适应过程中存在的回溯过度现象。
en-us	In the backward stage, based on the projection coefficient of the atoms, the deletionthreshold was introduced to remove the atoms adaptively and the excessive backtracking phenomenon in adaptive process wasovercome simultaneously.

zh-cn	所提方法能够保证选入原子数量更具随机性，使每次迭代保留更多的正确原子。
en-us	The proposed method can ensure the number of the selected atoms more random, and more rightatoms were retained in each iteration.

zh-cn	一维稀疏信号和二维图像的仿真结果表明，AAFBP 算法在重构精度和运算时间上都更具有优势。
en-us	The simulation results of one-dimensional sparse signal and two-dimensional image show that the AAFBP algorithm has more advantages in both the accuracy of reconstruction and the running time.

zh-cn	针对入侵检测系统使用单个事件作为攻击检测的特征会导致较高误报率的问题，提出了利用贝叶斯网络模型进行跨空间的事件关联和利用卡尔曼滤波器线性模型进行跨时间的事件关联的内网攻击检测方法。
en-us	In view of the fact that a single event as an attack detection feature leads to a higher false positive rate, an in-tranet attack detection method using Bayesian network model for cross-space event correlation and Kalman filter linearmodel for cross-temporal event correlation was proposed.

zh-cn	基于该方法实现了一个进程查询系统，该系统可以根据用户的高层过程描述来扫描和关联分布的网络事件。
en-us	Based on the method, a process query system was implemented,which can scan and correlate distributed network events according to the user's high-level process description.

zh-cn	实验分析表明，该方法在不增加明显计算开销的情况下能够显著减少内网攻击检测的误报率。
en-us	Experi-mental analysis show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the false positive rate of intranet attack detectionwithout increasing the computational overhead.

zh-cn	针对现有博弈模型难以有效建模网络攻防对抗动态连续特性的问题，提出了一种基于 Markov 时间博弈的移动目标防御最优策略选取方法。
en-us	For the problem that the existed game model was challenging to model the dynamic continuous characteristicsof network attack and defense confrontation effectively, a method based on Markov time game was proposed to select theoptimal strategy for moving target defense.

zh-cn	在分析移动目标攻防对抗过程的基础上，构建了移动目标攻防策略集合，利用时间博弈刻画了单阶段移动目标防御过程的动态性，利用 Markov 决策过程描述了多阶段移动目标防御状态转化的随机性。
en-us	Based on the analysis of the attack and defense confrontation process ofmoving targets, the set of moving target attack and defense strategies was constructed. The dynamics of the single-stagemoving target defense process was described by time game. The randomness of multi-stage moving target defense statetransformation was described by Markov decision process.

zh-cn	同时，将攻防双方对资源脆弱性抽象为对攻击面控制权的交替，从而有效保证了博弈模型的通用性。
en-us	At the same time, by abstracting the use of resource vulnera-bility by attack-defense participants as the alternation of the control of the attack surface, the versatility of the game mod-el was effectively guaranteed.

zh-cn	在此基础上，分析并证明了均衡的存在性，设计了最优策略选取算法。
en-us	On this basis, the existence of equilibrium was analyzed and proved, and the optimal strat-egy selection algorithm was designed.

zh-cn	最后，通过应用实例验证了所提模型的实用性和算法的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the practicality of the constructed model and the effectiveness of the algo-rithm are verified by an application example.

zh-cn	为解决具有多个接收方时的消息安全传输问题，设计了一种基于编码的多接收方广义签密方案。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of secure transmission of messages with multiple receivers, a code-based gener-alized signcryption scheme with multi-receiver was designed.

zh-cn	首先，设计了一个能够满足 IND-CCA2 安全的多次加密 McEliece 方案；
en-us	Firstly, a multi-encrypted McEliece scheme that can meetthe security of IND-CCA2 was designed.

zh-cn	然后，与 CFS 签名方案相结合设计了基于编码的多接收方签密与广义签密方案。
en-us	Combined with the CFS signature scheme, the multi-receiver signcryption andgeneralized signcryption scheme based on code were designed.

zh-cn	安全性分析表明，该多接收方广义签密方案在机密性方面能够满足 IND-CCA2安全，在不可伪造性方面能够满足 EUF-CMA 安全。
en-us	The security analysis shows that the multi-receiver gener-alized signcryption scheme can meet the security of IND-CCA2 in terms of confidentiality and can meet EUF-CMA se-curity in terms of unforgeability.

zh-cn	与其他类似多接收方签密方案相比，所提方案不包含指数运算、双线性对运算等操作，具有较高的计算效率和抗量子计算的优势。
en-us	Compared with other similar multi-receiver signcryption schemes, the proposed schemedoes not include exponential, bilinear pairing operations, etc., and has high computational efficiency and the advantage ofanti-quantum computing.

zh-cn	与先签名后加密的方式相比，所提方案私钥数据量更少，效率更高。
en-us	Compared with the method of signing-then-encrypting method, the proposed scheme has thesmaller private key and higher efficiency.

zh-cn	针对传统暗通道先验易在高亮度区域失真和产生光晕效应的不足，提出一种基于补偿透射率和自适应雾浓度系数的雾天图像复原算法。
en-us	Aiming at the drawbacks of traditional dark channel prior, which was prone to distortion and Halo effects inthe bright areas, a haze image restoration algorithm based on compensated transmission and adaptive haze concentrationcoefficient was proposed.

zh-cn	首先利用高斯函数拟合有雾和无雾图像间的衰减关系，通过修正透射率对高亮区域进行补偿。
en-us	First of all, a Gaussian function was used to fit the attenuation relationship between the hazeand haze-free image, and the compensation transmission was set to correct the initial transmission.

zh-cn	然后分析雾气特性，提出亮度熵概念，对原图亮通道进行逐像素处理求取熵值，结合高斯金字塔提取纹理特征，得到雾气分布图；
en-us	Then the characteris-tics of haze was analyzed, the concept of brightness entropy was introduced and the bright channel operation was per-formed to acquire entropy value with pixel by pixel. Combined with the Gaussian pyramid to extract texture features, thehaze distribution map was obtained.

zh-cn	同时建立一种线性变换来自适应求取雾浓度系数，并获得优化透射率。
en-us	An adaptive transformation was established to seek the haze concentration coeffi-cient and get the accurate transmission.

zh-cn	最后改进局部大气光的获取方法，结合大气散射模型得到复原结果。
en-us	Finally, the recovery results were restored by improved atmospheric light valueand atmospheric scattering model.

zh-cn	实验表明，所提算法可以有效复原出降质图像的颜色与细节，明亮度适宜，去雾程度彻底，效果清晰自然。
en-us	Experimental results show that the recovered image has better color and detail, the de-gree of dehazing is thorough, the brightness is appropriate, and the effect is clear and natural.

zh-cn	基于现实推荐系统数据集非常稀疏，导致传统的协同过滤算法往往无法提供高质量推荐的问题，提出了一种基于粗糙集规则提取的协同过滤算法。
en-us	To address the problem that in a practical recommendation system (RS), because of the datasets are often verysparse, the traditional collaborative filtering (CF) approach cannot provide recommendations with higher quality, a novelCF based on rough set rule extraction was proposed.

zh-cn	首先利用用户/物品属性和用户−物品评分矩阵构建决策表，
en-us	Firstly, the attributes of user/item and the user-item rating matrixwere used to construct a decision table.

zh-cn	然后通过决策表约简算法得到每一条规则的核值，
en-us	Then, the core value of each rule in the table was extracted through using the de-cision table reduction algorithm.

zh-cn	最后根据核值表的核值决策规则，完成所有决策规则的约简，从而实现对未评分的用户进行预测评分。
en-us	Finally, according to the nuclear value decision rule of the core value table, the reduc-tions of all decision rules were utilized to predict the rating scores of un-rated items.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法可以有效地缓解稀疏数据对协同过滤带来的负面影响，提高推荐结果的准确度。
en-us	Experimental results suggest that the proposed approach can alleviate the data sparsity problem of CF, and provide recommendations with higher accuracy.

zh-cn	针对认知正交频分多址接入（OFDMA）上行通信系统，提出了一种基于干扰效率最大的稳健功率与子载波分配算法。
en-us	For the cognitive OFDMA uplink communication system, a robust power and subcarrier allocation algorithm based on maximum interference efficiency was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，考虑主用户干扰约束、次用户发射功率约束、子载波分配约束和次用户最小速率约束，建立基于中断概率的稳健资源优化模型。
en-us	Firstly, considering primary user interference constraint, sec-ondary user transmit power constraint, subcarrier allocation constraint and secondary user minimum rate constraint, a ro-bust resource optimization model based on outage probability was established.

zh-cn	然后，利用伯恩斯坦近似和 Dinkelbach 法，将原基于中断概率的非凸问题转换成等价凸优化问题，并利用拉格朗日对偶函数法求得解析解。
en-us	Then, by using Bernstein approximationand Dinkelbach's method, the original non-convex problem based on outage probability was transformed into an equiva-lent convex optimization one, and the analytical solution was obtained by Lagrangian dual function method.

zh-cn	同时，分析了算法的计算复杂度和稳健灵敏度。
en-us	Meanwhile,the computational complexity and robust sensitivity of the algorithm were analyzed.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法具有较好的干扰效率和稳健性。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better interference efficiency and robustness.

zh-cn	轻量级分组密码算法 GRANULE 和 MANTRA 结构简单，加密速度快且易于软硬件实现，特别适用于资源受限环境。
en-us	The lightweight block cipher algorithms called GRANULE and MANTRA have a simple structure, fast en-cryption speed, and they can be easy implemented in software and hardware. Two algorithms are especially suitable forresource-constrained environments.

zh-cn	为对这 2 种算法进行安全性分析，提出一种不可能差分区分器的自动化搜索方法。
en-us	To analyze the security of two algorithms, an automatic search method of impossibledifferential distinguishers was proposed.

zh-cn	基于 GRANULE和 MANTRA 算法结构特性，通过分析其 S 盒的差分分布表得到 S 盒差分特征，再利用中间相遇思想，分别对从加/解密方向得到的差分路径进行遍历，筛选出概率为 0 的最优差分路径。
en-us	Based on the structural characteristics of the GRANALE and MANTRA, the S-boxdifferential characteristics were obtained by analyzing the S-box differential distribution table, and then the idea of interme-diate encounter was used to traverse from the difference path obtained from the encryption/decryption direction seperately toselect the optimal differential path with probability 0.

zh-cn	分析结果表明，GRANULE 算法存在144 个不同的 7 轮不可能差分区分器；
en-us	The analysis results show that there are 144 different 7-round impossi-ble differential distinguishers in the GRANULE, and 52 different 9-round impossible differential distinguishers in theMANTRA.

zh-cn	MANTRA 算法存在 52 个不同的 9 轮不可能差分区分器。与已有结果相比较，新发现的区分器轮数均是目前最高的。
en-us	Compared with the existing results, the rounds of the proposed distinguisher is currently the highest.

zh-cn	针对移动恶意软件数量和种类的急剧增加给移动用户的信息安全带来的巨大挑战，提出了一种基于值导数 GRU 的移动恶意软件流量检测方法，旨在解决基于 RNN 的移动恶意软件流量检测方法难以捕获网络异常流量的动态变化和关键信息的问题。
en-us	For the dramatic increase in the number and variety of mobile malware had created enormous challenge forinformation security of mobile network users, a value-derivative GRU-based mobile malware traffic detection approachwas proposed in order to solve the problem that it was difficult for a RNN-based mobile malware traffic detection ap-proach to capture the dynamic changes and critical information of abnormal network traffic.

zh-cn	值导数 GRU 算法通过引入“累计状态变化”的概念，可以同时描述移动网络恶意流量的低阶和高阶动态变化信息。
en-us	The low-order and high-orderdynamic change information of the malicious network traffic could be described by the value-derivative GRU approach atthe same time by introducing the concept of “accumulated state change”.

zh-cn	此外，通过增设池化层使算法可以捕获移动恶意流量的关键信息。
en-us	In addition, a pooling layer could ensure that thealgorithm can capture key information of malicious traffic.

zh-cn	最后，通过仿真实验分析累计状态变化、隐藏层和池化层对于值导数 GRU 算法性能的影响。
en-us	Finally, simulation were performed to verify the effect of accu-mulated state changes, hidden layers, and pooling layers on the performance of the value-derivative GRU algorithm.

zh-cn	实验表明，基于值导数 GRU的移动恶意软件流量检测方法拥有较高的检测准确率。
en-us	Exper-iments show that the mobile malware traffic detection approach based on value-derivative GRU has high detection accuracy.

zh-cn	针对车到万物（V2X）场景下复杂的网络状态与海量的计算数据为车载网络带来的时延能耗增加和服务质量下降的严峻问题，构建了移动边缘计算（MEC）和软件定义网络（SDN）相结合的车载网络框架。
en-us	To address the serious problem of delay and energy consumption increase and service quality degradationcaused by complex network status and huge amounts of computing data in the scenario of vehicle-to-everything (V2X), avehicular network architecture combining mobile edge computing (MEC) and software defined network (SDN) was con-structed.

zh-cn	MEC 将云服务下沉至无线网络边缘从而弥补了远程云计算所带来时延抖动，SDN 控制器可从全局角度感知网络信息，灵活地调度资源，控制卸载流量。
en-us	MEC sinks cloud serviced to the edge of the wireless network to compensate for the delay fluctuation caused byremote cloud computing. The SDN controller could sense network information from a global perspective, flexibly sched-ule resources, and control offload traffic.

zh-cn	为了进一步降低系统开销，提出一种联合任务卸载与资源分配机制，对基于 MEC的 V2X 卸载与资源分配进行建模，给出了最优卸载决策、通信和计算资源分配方案。
en-us	To further reduce the system overhead, a joint task offloading and resource al-location scheme was proposed. By modeling the MEC-based V2X offloading and resource allocation, the optimal of-floading decision, communication and computing resource allocation scheme were derived.

zh-cn	考虑到问题的 NP-hard 属性，利用 Agglomerative Clustering 匹配初始卸载节点，并采用 Q-learning 进行资源分配；将卸载决策建模为完全势博弈，通过势函数构造证明纳什均衡。
en-us	Considering the NP-hard at-tribute of the problem, Agglomerative Clustering was used to select the initial offloading node, and Q-learning was usedfor resource allocation. The offloading decision was modeled as an exact potential game, and the existence of Nash equi-librium was proved by the potential function structure.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相比于其他机制，该机制能有效降低系统开销。
en-us	The simulation results show that, as compared to other mecha-nisms, the proposed mechanism can effectively reduce the system overhead.

zh-cn	深度卷积神经网络可有效地应用于大容量图像信息隐写，然而其稳健性研究却鲜有报道。
en-us	Deep convolutional neural networks can be effectively applied to large-capacity image steganography, but theresearch on their robustness is rarely reported.

zh-cn	双重生成式对抗网络（DGANS）模型对深度学习框架应用于图像隐写时，针对小幅度几何变换攻击进行了优化设计，从而提高模型的稳健性。
en-us	The DGANS (double-GAN-based steganography) applies the deep learn-ing framework in image steganography, which is optimized to resist small geometric distortions so as to improve themodel's robustness.

zh-cn	DGANS 由 2 个串联的生成式对抗网络构成，可将灰度图像隐藏到相同大小的彩色或灰度图像中并还原。
en-us	DGANS is made up of two consecutive generative adversarial networks that can hide a grayscaleimage into another color or grayscale image of the same size and can restore it later.

zh-cn	通过对生成的含密图像进行数据增强并进一步强化训练提取网络，使提取网络对输入图像的几何变换具有适应性。
en-us	The generated stego-images are augmented and used to further train and strengthen the reveal network so as to make it adaptive to small geometric distor-tion of input images.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，DGAN 不仅可以实现高容量的图像信息隐写，而且可以对抗一定范围内的几何攻击，比同类模型有更好的稳健性。
en-us	Experimental results suggest that DGANS can not only realize high-capacity image steganography, but also can resist geometric attacks within certain range, which demonstrates better robustness than similar models.

zh-cn	区块链是一种分布式账本技术，依靠智能合约等逻辑控制功能演变为完整的存储系统。
en-us	Blockchain is a kind of distributed ledger technology that upgrades to a complete storage system by addinglogic control functions such as intelligent contracts.

zh-cn	其分类方式、服务模式和应用需求的变化导致核心技术形态的多样性发展。
en-us	With the changes of its classification, service mode and application requirements, the core technology forms of Blockchain show diversified development.

zh-cn	为了完整地认知区块链生态系统，设计了一个层次化的区块链技术体系结构，进一步深入剖析区块链每层结构的基本原理、技术关联以及研究进展，系统归纳典型区块链项目的技术选型和特点，
en-us	In order to understand the Block-chain ecosystem thoroughly, a hierarchical technology architecture of Blockchain was proposed. Furthermore, each layer of blockchain was analyzed from the perspectives of basic principle, related technologies and research progress in-depth.Moreover, the technology selections and characteristics of typical Blockchain projects were summarized systematically.

zh-cn	最后给出智慧城市、工业互联网等区块链前沿应用方向，提出区块链技术挑战与研究展望。
en-us	Finally, some application directions of blockchain frontiers, technology challenges and research prospects includingSmart Cities and Industrial Internet were given.

zh-cn	为了满足多样化的业务需求，基于架构按需节点和多核光纤的软件定义多维光网络将实现可定制化的网络服务。
en-us	To meet diverse business needs, both architecture on demand (AoD) nodes and multi-core fibers (MCF) basedsoftware-defined multi-dimensional optical networks will enable customizable network services.

zh-cn	针对多维网络资源管控问题，首先，介绍了软件定义多维光网络的架构；
en-us	Aiming at the problem of management and control for multi-dimensional network resources, the architecture of software-defined mul-ti-dimensional optical networks was introduced firstly.

zh-cn	接着，评述了软件定义多维光网络的使能技术；
en-us	Then, the enabling technologies to support the implementation ofsoftware-defined multi-dimensional optical networks were presented.

zh-cn	最后，展望了软件定义智能多维光网络的发展方向。
en-us	Finally, the development direction of soft-ware-defined intelligent multi-dimensional optical networks was proposed and analyzed.

zh-cn	针对人工智能（AI）技术在光通信网络中的应用进行探讨。
en-us	The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) technique in optical communication networks were explored.Some representative AI applications and potential risks due to the failure of the AI technique were discussed.

zh-cn	主要介绍了 AI 技术代表性应用和光通信网络开放性导致的 AI 技术失效的潜在风险，并针对这些风险提出了一些应对策略，主要包括通过单元化小型化的AI 系统建模，与传统经典网络建模和规划方法相结合，提高 AI 技术的有效性和可解释性。
en-us	To address these risks, methods including systematic AI modeling through unitizing and miniaturizing sub-systems and cooperationwith traditional network modeling and planning methods were proposed, which were expected to help improve the effec-tiveness and practicality of the application of the AI technique.

zh-cn	同时，针对 AI 技术可能失效和遭受攻击提出了基于网络保护的应对策略。
en-us	Finally, to recover a system from the failure of its em-ployed AI technique or attacks, some protection strategies were proposed.

zh-cn	为了全面有效地识别 DNS 隐蔽信道，对多种 DNS 隐蔽信道软件的实现方式进行了研究，提出了一种基于改进的卷积神经网络的 DNS 隐蔽信道识别方法。
en-us	In order to effectively identify the multiple types of DNS covert channels, the implementation of different sortsof DNS covert channel software was studied, and a detection based on the improved convolutional neural network was proposed.

zh-cn	基于真实的校园网流量进行了实验，结果表明，所提方法可检测出全部 22 种数据交互模式的 DNS 隐蔽信道，并且具有识别未知的 DNS 隐蔽信道流量的能力。
en-us	The experimental results, grounded upon the campus network traffic, show that the detection can identifytwenty-two kinds of data interaction modes of DNS covert channels and is able to identify the unknown DNS covertchannel traffic.

zh-cn	其识别性能的全面性和准确率相较于现有方法有显著提高。
en-us	The proposed method outperforms the existing methods.

zh-cn	针对 3GPP 制定的 LTE-A/5G 业务中的高精度定位需求，突破现有全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）接收机百纳秒定时精度，研究基于 GNSS 的 5G 基站纳秒级高精度时间同步技术。
en-us	For precision positioning requirements in the LTE-A/5G service developed by the 3GPP, the nanosecond pre-cision time synchronization technology based on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) for 5G base station was stud-ied which broke through the current GNSS receiver's hundred nanosecond timing accuracy.

zh-cn	分析 GNSS 误差邻域相似性特点，结合5G 基站时间同步需求特点，提出基于 GNSS 邻域相似性的 5G 基站纳秒级精度时间同步理论与接收机相关算法，并研究该时间同步方法在区域和广域条件下的具体特征。
en-us	By analyzing the characteris-tics of neighborhood similarity of GNSS errors and combining the characteristics of time synchronization requirements of 5G base stations, a nanosecond precision time synchronization theory and related receiver algorithms for 5G base stations was proposed which based on the principle of neighborhood similarity of GNSS signals. The specific characteristics of the time synchronization technology under regional and wide-area conditions were studied.

zh-cn	仿真和实测结果表明，与现有百纳秒级基站时间同步精度相比，该技术方法可以实现任意区域基站 3 ns 以内的超高精度时间同步，支持 5G 基站米级高精度定位等高级增量业务开展。
en-us	The simulation and experimental re-sults show that compared with the current time synchronization accuracy within hundred nanosecond rang of base stations,the proposed method can achieve precision time synchronization within 3 ns between the regional base stations, and support5G base station meter-level precision location based service(LBS) and other advanced incremental services.

zh-cn	针对以数据为中心的开放信息系统，亟需能够保护隐私的细粒度自适应访问控制，并平衡隐私保护与数据访问效用间平衡的问题，提出了一种面向隐私保护的多参与者理性风险自适应访问控制模型。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that in the private sensitive date centralized and opening information systems, afine-grained and self-adaptive access control model for privacy preserving is desperately needed, thus the balance be-tween privacy preserving and data access utility should be achieved, a rational multi-player risk-adaptive based accesscontrol model for privacy preserving was proposed.

zh-cn	该模型基于香农自信息提出了动态访问数据集的隐私量化方法，构造了访问请求隐私风险函数和用户隐私风险函数；
en-us	Firstly, the privacy risk values of access request and requester wereformulized by the private information quantity of the requested dataset, and by using Shannon information.

zh-cn	进一步基于演化博弈在有限理性假设下构建多参与者的访问控制演化博弈模型，利用复制动态方程分析了访问控制参与者的动态策略选择，提出了该博弈模型的演化稳定策略选取方法。
en-us	Secondly, arisk-adaptive based access control evolutionary game model was constructed by using evolutionary game under the sup-posing of bounded rational players. Furthermore, dynamic strategies of participants were analyzed by using replicator dynamics equation, and the method of choosing evolutionary stable strategy was proposed.

zh-cn	仿真和对比表明，所提出的模型能够有效动态自适应地保护隐私，具有更好的隐私风险适应性，有限理性参与者的动态演化访问策略选取更加符合实际场景。
en-us	Simulation and comparison results show that, the proposed model is effective to dynamically and adaptively preserve privacy and more risk adaptive,and dynamic evolutionary access strategies of the bounded rational participants are more suitable for practical scenarios.

zh-cn	基于矩阵中元素统计的方法，给出了计算周期为 p 2 的 q 元序列 k–错线性复杂度的新方法，其中，p, q 为奇素数且 q 为模 p 2 的本原元。
en-us	Based on element statistics in a matrix, a new efficient computing method for computing the k-error linearcomplexity of q-ary sequence of period p 2 was proposed, where p,q were odd primes and q modulo p 2 was primitive.

zh-cn	给出了一个一般性的结论及其证明，并通过列举 2 类周期为 p 2 的 q 元序列及其实例来验证结论的正确性。
en-us	A general result and a concrete proof were showed. To verify the correctness of the result, two kinds of q-ary sequence ofperiod p 2 were illustrated.

zh-cn	该方法不需要迭代计算，通过程序实现并与现有算法进行效率比较，结果表明所给出的新算法在计算周期为 p 2 的 q 元序列的 k–错线性复杂度方面效率明显更高。
en-us	Because the new method does not need iterative calculation and when it is implemented by program and compared with existing algorithms, the results show that the proposed new algorithm is significantly more efficient in calculating k-error linear complexity of q-ary sequence of period p 2 .

zh-cn	面向知识服务过程中内容资源的智能化、知识化、精细化和重组化的碎片性管理需求。
en-us	In the process of knowledge service, in order to meet the fragmentation management needs of intellectualiza-tion, knowledge ability, refinement and reorganization content resources.

zh-cn	深层分析并挖掘语义隐层知识、技术、经验与信息，突破已有传统文本到结构化查询语言（SQL）的语义分析技术瓶颈，提出基于预训练机制的自修正复杂语义分析方法 PT-Sem2SQL。
en-us	Through deep analysis and mining of semantic hidden knowledge, technology, experience, and information, it broke through the existing bottleneck of traditional se-mantic parsing technology from Text-to-SQL. The PT-Sem2SQL based on the pre-training mechanism was proposed.

zh-cn	设计结合 Kullback-Leibler 差异技术的 MT-DNN 预训练机制，以加强上下文语义理解深度；
en-us	TheMT-DNN pre-training model mechanism combining Kullback-Leibler technology was designed to enhance the depth ofcontext semantic understanding.

zh-cn	设计专有增强模块，捕获句内上下文语义信息的位置；
en-us	A proprietary enhancement module was designed that captured the location of contextualsemantic information within the sentence.

zh-cn	并通过自修正方法优化生成模型的执行过程，以解决解码过程中的错误输出。
en-us	Optimize the execution process of the generated model by the self-correctingmethod to solve the error output during decoding.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，PT-Sem2SQL 能够有效提高复杂语义的解析性能，准确度优于相关工作。
en-us	The experimental results show that PT-Sem2SQL can effectively im-prove the parsing performance of complex semantics, and its accuracy is better than related work.

zh-cn	针对位置数据拥有者对数据使用者具有不同的信任程度时，会对使用者进行不同等级的划分并向其发布不同扰动程度的位置数据这一场景中的隐私泄露问题，提出了基于信息论中的互信息的隐私度量方法与保护问题。
en-us	A privacy metric based on mutual information was proposed to measure the privacy leakage occurred when location data owner trust data users at different levels and need to publish the distorted location data to each user accord-ing to her trust level, based on which an location privacy protection mechanism (LPPM)was generated to protect user'slocation privacy.

zh-cn	此外，基于互信息提出了度量攻击者获取不同等级的扰动数据而对真实位置数据进行更精确的推断分析所造成的隐私泄露的方法。
en-us	In addition, based on mutual information, a metric was proposed to measure the privacy leakage caused by attackers obtaining different levels of distorted location data and then performing inference attack on the original loca-tion data more accurately.

zh-cn	借鉴用于求解率失真函数的 Blahut-Arimoto 算法提出了多等级位置隐私保护机制。
en-us	Another privacy metric was also proposed to quantify the information leakage occurred in thescenario based on mutual information. In particular, the proposed privacy mechanism was designed by modifying Bla-hut-Arimoto algorithm in rate-distortion theory.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，在上述 2 种问题场景中，所提位置隐私保护机制与基于差分隐私的位置隐私保护方法相比具有更低的隐私泄露，且当真实位置数据具有显著不同的受欢迎程度时，优势更明显。
en-us	Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed LPPM over anexisting LPPM in terms of location privacyutility tradeoff in both scenarios, which is more conspicuous when there arehighly popular locations.

zh-cn	为解决软件定义网络场景中，当前主流的基于启发式算法的 QoS 优化方案常因参数与网络场景不匹配出现性能下降的问题，提出了基于深度强化学习的软件定义网络 QoS 优化算法。
en-us	To solve the problem that the QoS optimization schemes which based on heuristic algorithm degraded oftendue to the mismatch between parameters and network characteristics in software-defined networking scenarios, a soft-ware-defined networking QoS optimization algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning was proposed.

zh-cn	首先将网络资源和状态信息统一到网络模型中，然后通过长短期记忆网络提升算法的流量感知能力，最后基于深度强化学习生成满足 QoS 目标的动态流量调度策略。
en-us	Firstly, thenetwork resources and state information were integrated into the network model, and then the flow perception capabilitywas improved by the long short-term memory, and finally the dynamic flow scheduling strategy, which satisfied the spe-cific QoS objectives, were generated in combination with deep reinforcement learning.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，相对于现有算法，所提算法不但保证了端到端传输时延和分组丢失率，而且提高了 22.7%的网络负载均衡程度，增加了 8.2%的网络吞吐率。
en-us	The experimental results show that, compared with the existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm not only ensures the end-to-end delay and packet lossrate, but also improves the network load balancing by 22.7% and increases the throughput by 8.2%.

zh-cn	针对 Storm 存在低效率、高能耗的问题，通过分析 Storm 平台的基本框架与拓扑结构，设计了资源约束模型、最优线程数据重组原则和节点降压原则，并在此基础上提出了基于 Storm 平台的数据迁移合并节能策略（DMM-Storm），包括资源约束算法、数据迁移合并算法和节点降压算法。
en-us	Storm is suffering the problems of high energy consumption but low efficiency. Aiming at this problem, the re-source constraint model, the optimal principle of data reorganization in executors and node voltage reduction principle were proposed based on the analysis of the architecture and topology of Storm, and further the energy-efficient strategy for datamigration and merging was put forward in Storm(DMM-Storm), which was composed of resource constraint algorithm, data migration and merging algorithm as well as node voltage reduction algorithm.

zh-cn	其中资源约束算法根据资源约束模型，判断工作节点是否允许数据的迁移；
en-us	The resource constraint algorithm estimateswhether work nodes are appropriate for data migration according to the resource constraint model.

zh-cn	数据迁移合并算法根据最优线程数据重组原则，设计了最优的线程数据迁移方法；
en-us	The data migration andmerging algorithm designs an optimal method to migrate data according to the the optimal principle of data reorganization inexecutors.

zh-cn	节点降压算法根据节点降压限制条件，降低了工作节点的电压。
en-us	The node voltage reduction algorithm reduces voltage of work nodes according to node voltage reduction prin-ciple.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与现有的节能策略相比，执行 DMM-Storm 在不影响集群性能的前提下，有效降低了能耗。
en-us	The experimental results show that the DMM-Storm can reduce energy consumption efficiently without affecting theperformance of cluster compared with the existing researches.

zh-cn	针对回程干扰门限与链路容量限制下的超密集网络（UDN）场景，提出了一种基于整数线性规划和拉格朗日对偶分解的能量效率与频谱效率联合优化算法。
en-us	Aiming at the scenarios which consider the constraint of backhaul capacity restriction and interference thre-shold in ultra-dense networks (UDN), an integer linear programming (ILP) and Lagrangian dual decomposition (LDD)based joint optimization algorithm of energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency was proposed.

zh-cn	所提算法首先将回程容量限制下的用户归属问题建模为整数线性规划（ILP）问题，基于动态规划的思想设计算法求解该问题，从而完成用户与微基站的连接；
en-us	In the proposed algorithms,the user association problem with the constraint of limited backhaul capacity was modelled as an ILP problem and then finished the connection between the user and the base station of microcell by solving this problem with dynamic pro-gramming method.

zh-cn	在此基础上，利用拉格朗日对偶分解，通过基于迭代的资源分配算法实现频谱资源和功率的分配。
en-us	Therefor, Lagrangian dual decomposition (LDD) was applied in an iteration algorithm for spectrum resource allocation and power allocation.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相较于传统算法，所提算法能显著提升系统的能量效率和频谱效率，同时可以更充分地利用微基站的业务承载能力。
en-us	The simulation results show that compared with traditional schemes, the pro-posed algorithm can significantly improve the energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency of system and use the micro-cell's load capacity more efficiently.

zh-cn	在移动到移动传感网络中，利用无线信道的固有稀疏性，可将 FBMC/OQAM 系统信道估计作为一个压缩感知问题来研究，以提高系统频带利用率。
en-us	In mobile-to-mobile sensor networks, the channel estimation for FBMC/OQAM system can be investigated asa compressive sensing problem to raise frequency spectrum efficiency by exploiting the sparse nature of wireless chan-nels.

zh-cn	首先，提出了一种新的基于 Tanimoto 系数的弱选择正则化正交匹配追踪（T-SWROMP）算法，以提高 LS 信道估计的精度。
en-us	Firstly, a novel orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm with selection weak strategy and regularization based on Ta-nimoto coefficient (T-SWROMP) was proposed to improve the accuracy of LS channel estimation.

zh-cn	然后，分别用结合辅助导频和编码方法的 T-SWROMP方法来估计 FBMC/OQAM 系统中的信道频率响应。
en-us	Then, T-SWROMP me-thods with auxiliary pilot and coding were used to estimate channel frequency response for FBMC/OQAM system.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法比传统的 SWOMP 方法具有更低的复杂度。
en-us	The ex-perimental results demonstrate the proposed method has lower complexity than the traditional SWOMP method.

zh-cn	此外，其在双选择信道下比传统的 OMP、SWOMP 和 ROMP 方法具有更好的 BER 性能。
en-us	In addition,it achieve best performance among the traditional OMP, SWOMP and ROMP methods under dual-selective channels.

zh-cn	基于中国剩余定理和四阶分圆类，对周期为 2 N q  ( q 为奇素数)的几乎四进制序列的构造方法进行了研究。
en-us	Based on the Chinese remainder theorem and cyclotomic classes of order 4, the constructions of almost qua-ternary sequences with period N=2q (where q is an odd prime) was studied.

zh-cn	根据序列 y 的 (0) y 和 ( ) y q 2 个位置含 0 的个数对序列进行分类，构造得到了旁瓣值分别为 {0, 2}  、 {0,2, 2}  、{0, 2, 2i,2i}   ，且具有好的平衡性的 3 类理想几乎四进制序列。
en-us	According to the number of “0” in the twopositions y(0) and y(q), three types of optimal almost quaternary sequences with optimal balance property andout-of-phase autocorrelation values as{0, −2}, {0, 2, −2} and {0, −2, −2i, 2i} were constructed respectively.

zh-cn	所提构造方法得到的序列具有良好的自相关性和平衡性，扩大了现有理想平衡四进制序列的存在范围，为实际应用提供了更多性能优良的序列。
en-us	Through these constructions, all the almost quaternary sequences constructed are balanced and optimal. These constructed se-quences extend the existence range of the balanced optimal quaternary sequences and provide more optimal sequences for practical applications.

zh-cn	针对无线传感器网络分簇路由协议所筛选簇头节点的位置分布不均衡及转发节点的数据传输路径不合理会加剧节点能量消耗、缩短网络生存周期的问题，提出一种基于改进粒子群优化算法的分簇路由协议。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that the location distribution of cluster head nodes filtered by wireless sensor networkclustering routing protocol was unbalanced and the data transmission path of forwarding nodes was unreasonable, whichwould increase the energy consumption of nodes and shorten the network life cycle, a clustering routing protocol basedon improved particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	在簇头选举过程中，通过定义节点的能量因子和位置均衡因子建立新的适应度函数，评估和选择更优的候选簇头节点；通过优化的自适应学习因子调整候选簇头节点的位置更新速度，扩大局部搜索并加快全局搜索的收敛速度。
en-us	In the process of cluster head election, a new fitness function was established by defining the energy factor and position equalization factor of the node, the better candidate cluster head node was evaluated and selected, the position update speed of the candidate cluster head nodes was adjustedby the optimized update learning factor, the local search and speeded up the convergence of the global search was ex-panded.

zh-cn	根据转发节点与基站的距离确定采用单跳还是多跳传输方式，设计一种基于最小生成树的多跳方法，为转发节点数据传输选择最优的多跳路径。
en-us	According to the distance between the forwarding node and the base station, the single-hop or multi-hop trans-mission mode was adopted, and a multi-hop method was designed based on the minimum spanning tree to select an op-timal multi-hop path for the data transmission of the forwarding node.

zh-cn	仿真测试结果表明，基于改进粒子群算法的分簇路由协议能够选举能量与位置更均衡的簇头节点和转发节点，缩短了网络的通信距离，
en-us	Simulation results show that the clustering routing protocol based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm can elect cluster head nodes and forwarding nodeswith more balanced energy and location, which shortened the communication distance of the network.

zh-cn	节点的能耗更低且更均衡，有效延长了网络生存周期。
en-us	The energy con-sumption of nodes is lower and more balanced, effectively extending the network life cycle.

zh-cn	针对机器学习算法在应用中存在的问题，构建基于智能启发算法的机器学习模型优化体系。
en-us	Aiming at the problems existing in the application of machine learning algorithm, an optimization system of the machine learning model based on the heuristic algorithm was constructed.

zh-cn	首先，介绍已有智能启发算法类型及其建模过程。
en-us	Firstly, the existing types of heuristic algo-rithms and the modeling process of heuristic algorithms were introduced.

zh-cn	然后，从智能启发算法在机器学习算法中的应用，包括神经网络等参数结构优化、特征优化、集成约简、原型优化、加权投票集成和核函数学习等方面说明智能启发算法的优势。
en-us	Then, the advantages of the heuristic algorithmwere illustrated from its applications in machine learning, including the parameter and structure optimization of neuralnetwork and other machine learning algorithms, feature optimization, ensemble pruning, prototype optimization,weighted voting ensemble and kernel function learning.

zh-cn	最后，结合实际需求展望智能启发算法及在机器学习领域的发展方向。
en-us	Finally, the heuristic algorithms and their development directionsin the field of machine learning were given according to the actual needs.

zh-cn	为解决大型系统中大量设备配置方式多样性导致人工安全设备配置复杂烦琐、容易出错、效率低下的问题，设计了一种基于动态模板的策略翻译及配置方法。
en-us	To solve the problem of complex, cumbersome and error-prone configuration of security devices caused by theheterogeneous configuration modes in complex networks, a dynamic template-based scheme for translating and confi-guring policy was proposed.

zh-cn	通过构建基于编码的策略翻译模板，利用编码简单、通用、易计算的特点，指导归一化策略向设备个性化配置命令行转换，同时通过关键词对比法，保证策略配置的准确性。
en-us	In detail, considering the code's features, the code-based template for translating policieswas constructed to configure the command line conversion, and the keyword comparison method was used to ensure theaccuracy of policy configuration.

zh-cn	实验分析结果证明，所提策略翻译及配置方法具有强扩展性和高准确度。
en-us	Experiments show that the scalability and the accuracy of the proposed scheme.

zh-cn	为解决传统密钥交换协议无法进行三方密钥协商，不够灵活且安全性存在缺陷的问题，借助于秘密矩阵特征值，
en-us	In order to solve the problem that the traditional key exchange protocol, which was not flexible enough andflawed in security, cannot provide the function of three-party key negotiation,

zh-cn	首先提出了一种可以抵御中间人攻击且简单灵活的三方密钥交换方案，但该方案无法对密钥交换的有效性进行验证，即无法防止不被中间人伪造。
en-us	firstly, a simple and flexible three-party keyexchange scheme that can resist man-in-the-middle attacks was proposed with the help of secret matrix eigenvalues.However, the validity of key exchange cannot be verified by the scheme, and counterfeiting by middlemen can't be pre-vented.

zh-cn	在此基础上，对秘密矩阵进行重新构建，其中矩阵阶数为大偶数，所有的特征值成对出现，相似于对角阵。
en-us	Then based on it, the secret matrix was reconstructed, where the matrix order was a large even number, and all theeigenvalues appeared in pairs, similar to the diagonal matrix.

zh-cn	基于所提的特殊秘密矩阵，引入验证环节对通信方的合法性进行验证，给出了基于特征值的可验证三方密钥交换协议。
en-us	Based on the special secret matrix, the verification partwhich can be used to verify the legitimacy of the communication party was introduced to the scheme, and the verifiablethree-party key exchange protocol based on the eigenvalue was given.

zh-cn	该协议既解决了三方密钥交换的问题，又可对身份合法性进行验证，证明基于特征值进行三方密钥交换协议设计是可行的，最终设计的协议兼具安全性和高效性。
en-us	The protocol not only solved the problem ofthree-party key exchange, but also verified identity legitimacy. It is proved that it's feasible to design a three-party keyexchange protocol by the eigenvalue. The final protocol is both secure and efficient.

zh-cn	针对现有推荐算法缺乏对用户偏好的考虑，推荐效果不理想的问题，提出了一种联合张量填补和用户偏好的推荐算法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that existing recommendation algorithms have little regard for user preference, and therecommendation result is not satisfactory, a joint recommendation algorithm based on tensor completion and user prefe-rence was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，基于评分矩阵和项目所属类别矩阵构建用户–项目–类别的三维张量；
en-us	First, a user-item-category 3-dimensional tensor was built based on user-item scoring matrix anditem-category matrix.

zh-cn	然后，利用 Frank-Wolfe算法进行迭代计算，填补缺失数据，同时基于张量数据构建用户类别偏好矩阵和评分偏好矩阵；
en-us	Then, the Frank-Wolfe algorithm was used for iterative calculation to fill in the missing data of thetensor. At the same time, a user category preference matrix and a scoring preference matrix were built based on the3-dimensional tensor.

zh-cn	最后，基于填补后的张量以及 2 个偏好矩阵设计联合推荐算法，并采用差分进化算法进行参数调优。
en-us	Finally, a joint recommendation algorithm was designed based on the completed tensor and the twopreference matrices, and the differential evolution algorithm was used for parameter tuning.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与一些常用算法和新近提出的算法相比，所提算法的推荐效果优于对比算法，其精度平均提升了 1.96%~3.44%，召回率平均提升了 1.35%~2.40%。
en-us	The experimental results show that compared with some typical and newly proposed recommendation algorithms, the proposed algorithm is supe-rior to the compare algorithms, the precision is improved by 1.96% ~ 3.44% on average, and the recall rate is improvedby 1.35%~2.40% on average.

zh-cn	为了提高基于属性加密技术的计算效率，对属性基加密构造中重要的一环——访问策略进行了优化，基于有序二元决策图（OBDD）提出了一种新型的无配对 CP-ABE 方案。一方面，所提方案基于椭圆曲线密码技术，将传统 CP-ABE 方案构造中复杂的双线性配对运算替换为较为轻量级的标量乘法，降低了方案整体的计算开销。
en-us	To improve the computational efficiency of ABE, its access structure was optimized and a pairing-freeCP-ABE scheme based on ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) was proposed. Based on the elliptic curve crypto-graphy, the complex bilinear pairing operation in traditional CP-ABE was replaced with the relatively lightweight scalar multiplication, thus the overall computation overhead was reduced.

zh-cn	另一方面，所提方案采用基于 OBDD 的访问结构，该类型访问结构不仅能表示任何关于属性的布尔表达式，还能同时支持访问策略中属性的正负值，
en-us	And OBDD was used as the access structure of CP-ABE, which can not only represent any Boolean expression about attributes, but also support both positive and nega-tive attributes.

zh-cn	密钥的长度不随属性的个数而正比变化，密文长度也仅与访问策略中有效路径的个数有关。
en-us	The length of the key was independent of the number of attributes and the length of the ciphertext was on-ly related to the number of valid paths in the access policy.

zh-cn	安全性和性能分析结果表明，所提方案在判定性 Diffie-Hellman (DDH) 假设下满足选择性选择明文安全，且方案的计算效率能满足物联网的实际应用需求。
en-us	The security and performance analysis show that the schemecan resist chosen plaintext attack under the decisional Diffie-Hellman (DDH) assumption, and the computation efficiencycan meet the practical application requirements of Internet of things.

zh-cn	针对软件定义网络中数据流转发缺少有效的转发验证机制和 OpenFlow 协议匹配字段数量有限的问题，提出了一种基于属性密码的转发控制架构。
en-us	Due to the lack of effective data source authentication mechanism and the limited matching fields in softwaredefined networking (SDN), an SDN security control and forwarding method based on identity attribute was proposed.

zh-cn	通过设备属性生成属性标识和属性签名，并将其封装在分组头中。
en-us	Attribute identification and attribute signature were generated by device attributes and encapsulated in the group header.

zh-cn	当数据流离开网络时，转发设备对其进行数据验证，确保数据流的有效性。
en-us	When the data flow left the network, the data was verified by the forwarding device to ensure the validity of the data flow.

zh-cn	同时，将属性标识作为流表匹配字段，通过属性标识定义网络转发行为，该机制与属性签名验证共同实现细粒度的访问控制。
en-us	At the same time, attribute identification was defined as a match field of flow by the framework, and the network for-warding behavior was defined based on attribute identification. A fine-grained access control was implemented by the proposed mechanism and attribute-based signature. The proposed mechanism and attribute-based signature implementeda fine-grained access control.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该系统能有效实现数据流的细粒度的转发认证，且转发粒度高于同类方案。
en-us	Experimental results demonstrate that the method can effectively implement fine-grainedforwarding and flow authentication, and the forwarding granularity is higher than that of similar schemes.

zh-cn	针对 5G 超蜂窝网络的宏基站和微基站群之间的非实时业务传输，提出了一种新型预测性信道调度算法。
en-us	A novel predictive channel scheduling algorithm was proposed for non-real-time traffic transmission betweenmacro-base stations and micro-base stations in 5G ultra-cellular networks.

zh-cn	首先，利用静止通信体之间无线信道的随机平稳过程特征，从古典概率论的角度为调度过程建立了一个离散信道状态概率空间并对其进行事件域分割；
en-us	First, based on the stochastic stationary process characteristics of wireless channels between stationary communication agents, a discrete channel state probability space was established for the scheduling process from the perspective of classical probability theory, and the event do-main was segmented.

zh-cn	然后，通过各事件域的概率数值计算实现对多用户多非实时业务的高效调度。
en-us	Then, the efficient scheduling of multi-user, multi-non-real-time services was realized by probabil-ity numerical calculation of each event domain.

zh-cn	理论分析和仿真结果表明，所提算法计算复杂度低，和其他一些经典调度算法相比，所提算法可在更长时间维度上进行业务优化传输，在吞吐量性能上逼近最大信噪比算法，重负荷情况下系统吞吐量提升了约 14%；
en-us	The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the algorithm has low computational complexity. Compared with other classical scheduling algorithms, the new algorithm can optimizetraffic transmission in a longer time dimension, approximate the maximum signal-to-noise ratio algorithm in throughputperformance, and increase system throughput by about 14% under heavy load. At the same time, the new algorithm isaccurate.

zh-cn	同时通过精确量化计算实现了业务期望速率和实际调度速率的自适应匹配。
en-us	Quantitative computation achieves a self-adaption match between the expected traffic rate and the actual sche-duling rate.

zh-cn	为识别当前卫星通信系统所采用的主要调制方式，提出了一种基于多端卷积神经网络的通信信号调制识别算法。
en-us	In order to identify the main modulation modes adopted in current satellite communication systems, a signalmodulation recognition algorithm based on multi-inputs convolution neural network was proposed.

zh-cn	利用信号的先验信息以及对网络拓扑结构的认知，将信号时域波形转化为眼图和矢量图，作为信号的浅层特征表达，并由此设计了基于多端卷积神经网络的调制识别模型。
en-us	With the prior infor-mation of the signals and knowledge of the network topological structure, the time-domain signal waveforms were con-verted into eye diagrams and vector diagrams to represent the shallow features of the signals. Meanwhile, the modulation recognition model based on multi-inputs convolution neural network was designed.

zh-cn	通过训练所搭建的网络，对浅层特征进行深度提取和映射，最终完成了目标信号的调制识别。
en-us	Through the training of the network,the shallow features were deeply extracted and mapped.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，所提算法相对于传统调制识别算法以及目前基于波形和星座图的深度学习识别算法识别效果更好，当信噪比为 5 dB 时，识别性能可达 95%。
en-us	Finally, the signal modulation recognition task was completed.The simulation results show that compared with the traditional algorithms and deep learning algorithms, the proposedmethod has a better anti-noise performance, and the overall recognition rate of this algorithm can reach 95% when thesignal-to-noise ratio is 5 dB.

zh-cn	针对次子空间信息准则函数缺乏的问题，通过对 Rayleigh 商函数添加惩罚项提出了新型的准则函数。
en-us	Aiming at the lack of information criterion functions of sub subspace, a novel criterion function was proposed byadding a penalty term to the Rayleigh quotient.

zh-cn	平稳点分析表明，当且仅当神经网络权矩阵收敛到次子空间的一组基时，准则函数达到全局极大值。
en-us	Through analyzing the properties of all the stable points, it was proven that the criterion function exhibited the global maximum attained if and only if the weight matrices span the minor subspace.

zh-cn	采用梯度上升法推导出一个新型的次子空间跟踪算法，并分析了算法的全局收敛性。
en-us	A minor subspace tracking algorithm was derived by gradient ascending method and its global convergence analysis was also ac-complished.

zh-cn	仿真实验和实例应用验证了准则函数和导出算法的正确性。
en-us	Numerical simulations and real application verifies the correctness of the criterion function and derived algorithm.

zh-cn	为应对运营商云数据中心多业务差异化流量管理要求，提升网络性能和业务体验，构建符合运营商云数据中心运营要求的多业务差异化流量管理模型（MSD），针对 MSD 模型改进斐波那契树优化（FTO）算法，提出运营商 SDN 云数据中心流量管理的 MSD-FTO 策略。
en-us	In order to cope with the traffic management for multi-service differentiated in cloud data centers, improvingnetwork performance and service experience, the multi-service differentiated (MSD) traffic management model was de-signed that can suit operational requirements in cloud data center. Fibonacci tree optimization (FTO) algorithm was im-proved according to the MSD model. MSD-FTO traffic management strategy was proposed in SDN cloud data center.Simulation results show that the strategy takes advantage of FTO global optimization ability and multi-modal adaptiveperformance.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该策略具备良好的全局优化能力和多模自适应特性，通过算法全局局部交替迭代寻优得到多个符合条件的差异化流量管理方案，可解决运营商云数据中心多业务差异化流量管理问题，有效提升云数据中心的网络性能和业务体验。
en-us	Through the global local alternating optimization of the algorithm, differentiation traffic managementschemes are obtained as needed, the problem of multi-services differentiated traffic management is solved in operatorcloud data center that improve network performance and service experience in cloud data center effectively.

zh-cn	针对目前的频谱资源使用效率低的问题，提出了一种新的基于特征值的频谱感知融合算法，从而更好地实现动态频谱共享。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of inefficient use of spectrum resources, a fusion spectrum sensing algorithm based oneigenvalues was proposed to effectively achieve dynamic spectrum sharing.

zh-cn	所提算法利用样本协方差矩阵的最大特征值、迹和所有特征值的几何均值构造了检测统计量。
en-us	The test statistics were constructed by em-ploying the maximum eigenvalue, the trace and the geometric mean of all eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix.

zh-cn	通过随机矩阵理论分析了所提算法的检测概率及虚警概率，并得到了理论门限的解析表示。
en-us	The detection probability and false alarm probability of the proposed method were analyzed using the random matrix theory, and the analytical representation of the theoretical threshold was obtained.

zh-cn	此外，从理论上分析了所提算法中参数的选择问题。
en-us	In addition, the parameter selection of the proposed algorithm was analyzed theoretically.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，所提算法比已有的特征值检测算法具有更好的检测性能。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better detec-tion ability than the existing eigenvalue detection algorithm.

zh-cn	针对图像在网络传输中的隐私信息泄露问题，提出了一种基于二维码和可逆可视水印的图像隐私保护方案。
en-us	With the privacy leakage problem of image delivery in networks, an image privacy preservation scheme basedon QR code and reversible visible watermarking was proposed.

zh-cn	为了保护图像拍摄时间、拍摄地点和详细描述等隐私信息，首先将这类隐私信息加密后存储在云平台，并生成能够链接到加密隐私信息的统一资源定位符。
en-us	In order to preserve the privacy information including shooting time, shooting location and detailed description, the encrypted privacy information was stored in cloud plat-forms and corresponding universal resource locator was generated firstly.

zh-cn	该方案将统一资源定位符编码成二维码，并将该二维码作为可视水印可逆地嵌入图像中，实现对隐私信息的访问权限控制。
en-us	Secondly, the universal resource locator wasencoded as the QR code and it was embedded into the cover image using reversible visible watermarking. Therefore, the access control for privacy information could be achieved.

zh-cn	在该方案中，使用视觉感知模型选择适合的水印嵌入参数，以平衡水印的可视性和载密图像的视觉质量。
en-us	The visual perceptual model was utilized to select adaptive wa-termark embedding parameters to balance watermark visibility and marked image quality.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方案能够保证载密图像具有良好的视觉质量，同时不影响二维码的正确识别和解码。
en-us	Experimental results demon-strate that the good visual quality of marked images can be obtained and the embedded QR code can be correctly decoded.

zh-cn	使用所提方案在保障图像传输质量的同时，也降低了隐私泄露的风险。
en-us	The proposed scheme can guarantee marked image quality and reduce the risk of private information leakage.

zh-cn	针对 AFL 边覆盖不全、未充分利用边覆盖信息和有效字节信息的问题，提出了改进方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problems of incomplete edge coverage, insufficient uses of edge coverage information and validbytes information in AFL (American fuzz lop), a novel method was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，设计了新的种子选择算法，在一轮循环中可完全覆盖所有已发现的边；
en-us	Firstly, a new seed selection algorithm was in-troduced, which could completely cover all edges discovered in one cycle.

zh-cn	其次，按边覆盖热度对路径评分，以此调整种子的测试次数；
en-us	Secondly, the paths were scored according to thefrequency of edges, to adjust the number of tests for each seed.

zh-cn	最后，对有效字节进行更多的变异。
en-us	Finally, more mutations were crafted on the valid bytes ofAFL.

zh-cn	基于上述方法实现了新的 fuzzing 工具—efuzz。
en-us	Based on the method above, a new fuzzing tool named efuzz was implemented.

zh-cn	实验表明，efuzz 的平均边覆盖数比 AFL 和 AFLFast 分别增加了 5%和 9%；
en-us	Experiment results demonstrate that efuzzoutperforms AFL and AFLFast in the edge coverage, with the increases of 5% and 9% respectively.

zh-cn	在 LAVA-M 测试集中，efuzz 发现的漏洞数超过了 AFL；
en-us	In the LAVA-M dataset,efuzz found more vulnerabilities than AFL.

zh-cn	在常用软件中，efuzz 发现了 3 个新的 CVE 漏洞。
en-us	Moreever, in real world applications efuzz has found three new security bugs with CVEs assigned.

zh-cn	所提方法可以有效提高 fuzzing 的边覆盖率、提升漏洞发现能力，具有实用性。
en-us	The method can effectively improve the edge coverage and vulnerability detection ability of fuzzer.

zh-cn	物理层安全中，考虑不完美时间同步，提出了一种使通信系统保密容量最大化的协同干扰功率分配方法。
en-us	In physical layer security, considering imperfect time synchronization, a power allocation scheme was pro-posed to maximize the system secrecy capacity.

zh-cn	通过分析授权接收机处由不完美时间同步引入的残余干扰功率，给出了最优功率分配方法，并讨论了最优干扰功率与相对信道质量之间的关系。
en-us	By analyzing the residual interference power at the authorized receivercaused by imperfect time synchronization, the optimal power distribution method was given, and the relationship betweenthe optimal interference power and the relative channel quality was discussed.

zh-cn	理论和仿真分析表明，当同步误差较小时，需要消耗额外功率来达到预设的保密容量，且干扰功率随误差增大而增大；
en-us	Theory and simulation analysis show thatwhen the synchronization error is small, the synchronization error consumes extra power to reach the preset secrecy ca-pacity, and the interference power increases with its increase.

zh-cn	随着误差进一步增大，系统保密容量渐渐无法达到预设目标，甚至可能降至 0。
en-us	As the synchronization error increases, the secrecy capacityof the system gradually fails to reach the preset target, and may even drop to zero.

zh-cn	基于非完美信道状态信息，针对系统发射功率受限和用户速率需求约束下的系统和速率最大化问题，结合多输入多输出（MIMO）和非正交多址接入（NOMA）技术设计预编码和接收机。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of maximizing the sum rate under the constraints of transmission power limita-tion and users' rates requirements, precoder and receiver were devised by combining multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based on imperfect channel state information (CSI).

zh-cn	限定强用户的每条数据流都需要解码相应的弱用户信号以利用串行干扰技术消除弱用户信号的干扰，利用半正定规划和一阶泰勒展开将所形成的非凸优化问题转化为 D.C.问题，并采用罚函数解决预编码秩为 1 的限制。
en-us	To take ad-vantage of successive interference cancellation (SIC) techniques to eliminate interference from weak user's signal, each data stream of the strong user needed to decode the corresponding weak user's signal. Since the problem formed wasnon-convex, it was converted into the problem with the difference of two convex functions (D.C.) by using semi-positive definite programming and first-order Taylor expansion, and a penalty function was used to solve the constraint of the rank of the precoding covariance matrix.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相比于正交多址接入技术，所提出的 D.C.算法可以提高系统和速率。
en-us	The simulation results show that compared with the orthogonal multiple access tech-nology, the proposed D.C. algorithm can improve system sum rate.

zh-cn	针对目前基于区块链的溯源算法主要通过同态加密及零知识证明进行隐私保护，使溯源信息难于实现动态共享这一问题，提出基于属性加密的区块链数据溯源算法。
en-us	To solve the problem that the blockchain-based traceability algorithm mainly used homomorphic encryptionand zero-knowledge proof for privacy protection, making it difficult to achieve dynamic sharing of traceability informa-tion, a blockchain data traceability algorithm based on attribute encryption was proposed.

zh-cn	为实现交易隐私的动态保护，基于 Waters 所提CP-ABE 方案设计适用于区块链的策略更新算法，完成交易隐私的动态保护。
en-us	In order to realize the dynamic protection of transaction privacy, the strategy update algorithm applicable to block chain was designed based on theCP-ABE scheme proposed by Waters to achieve dynamic protection of transaction privacy.

zh-cn	为实现区块内容可见性的动态更新，基于策略更新算法设计区块结构，实现区块内容可见性的动态更新。
en-us	In order to realize the dynam-ic update of the visibility about block content, based on the strategy update algorithm, the block structure was designed to achieve the dynamic update about the content visibility of the block.

zh-cn	通过安全性及实验仿真分析表明，所提算法可以在完成保护交易隐私的同时，实现溯源信息动态共享。
en-us	The security and experimental simulation analysis show that the proposed algorithm can realize the dynamic sharing of traceability information while completing the pro-tection transaction privacy.

zh-cn	针对单源和多源网络编码污染问题，提出了 2 种网络编码同态签名方案。
en-us	To solve the problems of pollution attacks of single-source and multi-source network coding, two homomor-phic signature schemes for network coding were proposed.

zh-cn	单源网络编码椭圆曲线同态签名在椭圆曲线上对消息的散列值进行签名，输出消息、散列值和散列值的签名，接收节点验证签名，该方案通过同态的椭圆曲线签名来抵御代内/间污染。
en-us	In homomorphic signature for single-source network, the message hash value was signed on the elliptic curve, then the message, hash value and the signature of hash value wereoutput, and the receiving node could verify the signature, the elliptic curve signature based on homomorphism could res-ist intra/inter-generation pollution attacks.

zh-cn	基于双线性对的多源网络编码同态签名不仅能够抵抗污染攻击，而且引入时间戳来抵制网络中的重放攻击。
en-us	Homomorphic signature from pairings for multi-source network coding couldresist pollution attacks, and the introduction of timestamp made it be capable to resist replay attacks.

zh-cn	通过随机预言模型下的证明，2 种方案在选择性攻击下都是安全的。
en-us	In the random oraclemodel, it proves that two schemes are all secure under the selective attacks.

zh-cn	通过效率分析发现，2 种方案都能有效提高验证效率。
en-us	Analysis shows that two schemes can effec-tively improve the verification efficiency.

zh-cn	在随机半字节故障模型下，针对 Feistel 结构的 SIMON 密码进行了唯密文故障攻击。
en-us	The ciphertext-only fault analysis on the SIMON cipher was proposed by injecting a random nibble fault underthe random nibble fault model.

zh-cn	导入随机半字节故障产生错误密文，对每个错误密文解密生成中间状态，利用统计学的知识分析中间状态的分布，
en-us	After injecting faults, every faulty ciphertext could be decrypted and the statistical distri-bution of all intermediate states were analyzed by the attackers.

zh-cn	在原有的 SEI 区分器、GF 区分器、MLE 区分器、MLE-SEI 双重区分器、GF-SEI 双重区分器和 GF-MLE 双重区分器的基础上，提出了新型的GF-MAP双重区分器、HW-MLE双重区分器、GF-HW双重区分器和HW-MAP双重区分器，对SIMON密码全部版本进行了统计分析。
en-us	On the basis of the previous distinguishers of SEI, GF,MLE, MLE-SEI, GF-SEI and GF-MLE, four novel distinguishers of GF-MAP, HW-MLE, GF-HW and HW-MAP wereproposed to reduce faults.

zh-cn	结果表明，SIMON 密码不能抵抗唯密文故障攻击，并且所提新型区分器在 SIMON密码中需要故障数更少，攻击效果更好。
en-us	The results show that the SIMON cipher cannot resist against the ciphertext-only fault analysis.It provides an important reference for security analysis of other ciphers.

zh-cn	研究成果为其他类似结构的算法提供了重要的借鉴。
en-us	With the development of the internet of things (IoT), 5G and industrial technology, industrial IoT has become anew research field.

zh-cn	随着物联网、5G 和工业技术的发展，工业互联网已成为新兴研究领域。由于工业生产的特殊性，对标识解析服务的时延、安全性、稳定性都提出了更高要求。
en-us	Due to the specific requirements of delay, security and stability in industrial production, the traditionalDNS has limitations to meet the needs of industrial IoT because of its single identity object, rigid resolution results, andweak security.

zh-cn	传统 DNS 标识主体单一、解析结果僵化、安全保护薄弱，无法满足工业互联网要求。在此背景下，如何对任意对象提供高效、灵活、安全的解析服务，已成为全球关注的热点领域。
en-us	In this context, how to provide efficient, flexible and secure resolution services for universal objects hasbecome a hot area worldwide.

zh-cn	首先讨论了工业互联网标识解析体系设计原则和关键支撑技术，其次对现有标识解析体系进行了概述和对比分析，然后阐述了新型标识解析方案研究成果，最后讨论了该领域面临的核心问题，并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。
en-us	Firstly, we discussed the design principles and key supporting technologies of the identity resolution system in industrial IoT. Then summarized and compared the existing identity resolution systems in detail.Next, the new identity resolution schemes in academic research were introduced. Finally, the core problems and the futureresearch trend in this field were discussed.

zh-cn	基于中短距光纤通信系统特点，开展了 3 种高性能自适应调制编码技术研究。
en-us	According to the features of short-to-medium reach optical fiber communication systems, three high perfor-mance adaptive modulation and coding schemes were investigated.

zh-cn	第一种方案在传统的比特与功率加载（BPL）的基础上引入前向纠错编码维度，实现三维自适应调制编码。
en-us	In the first one, a new dimension, forward error cor-rection (FEC), was introduced to the traditional bit and power loading (BPL) scheme, and the three-dimensional adaptivemodulation and coding were achieved.

zh-cn	该算法基于查找表分配调制与编码格式，比 BPL 算法的复杂度更低，传输速率更高。
en-us	The modulation format and FEC code were allocated based on look-up table(LUT). The proposed algorithm has lower complexity and higher data rate compared to the BPL scheme.

zh-cn	同样基于查找表，第二种方案借助于分块预编码实现了和传统 BPL 相同的速率，但削减了最高 2 dB 的信号功率峰均比，提高了功率效率。
en-us	The second one was also based on LUT method where one similar data rate with the BPL scheme was achieved using partitioned precod-ing, but peak-to-average power ratio was reduced up to two dB, and the power efficiency was improved.

zh-cn	第三种方案采用概率整形（PS）QAM 作为调制格式，以合理的复杂度为代价换取整形增益与几乎无限精细的调制粒度。
en-us	In the last scheme, probabilistic shaping QAM was adopted as the modulation format, and shaping gain and almost indefinitely finemodulation granularity were achieved at the expense of certain complexity.

zh-cn	依靠自适应分块预编码，在不降低速率的条件下，限制 PS-QAM 的数目以降低复杂度。
en-us	With adaptive partitioned precoding, without decreasing data rate the number of PS-QAM was limited to reduce the complexity.

zh-cn	实验表明，第三种方案实现了远优于 BPL 方案的速率与更高的接收机灵敏度。
en-us	The experimental results demonstratethat the proposed scheme outperforms the BPL scheme in terms of data rate and receiver sensitivity.

zh-cn	为了实现实时的、细粒度的网络性能监测与调整，并且满足不同应用的特定服务质量需求，提出了基于深度学习的面向 IP-over-EON 的可编程跨层网络业务性能感知系统。
en-us	In order to realize real-time and fine-granularity network monitoring and adjustment, and satisfy the specificQoS demands of various applications, a deep learning (DL) assisted programmable multilayer network application per-formance awareness system for IP-over-EON was proposed.

zh-cn	该系统将基于网络业务性能感知的分布式网络监测与集中式网络管控相结合，分布式网络监测实现跨层和细粒度的网络监控，并基于深度学习进行数据分析。
en-us	The distributed network monitoring based on network ap-plication performance awareness was combined with centralized network management. The multilayer and fine-grainednetwork monitoring was implemented by distributed network monitoring, and the data analysis through DL was per-formed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该系统通过有机地结合集中式与分布式的处理方式，实现了及时的、自动化的网络控制与管理，具有良好的可扩展性。
en-us	Experimental results indicate that by combining distributed and centralized processing seamlessly, the proposednetwork monitoring system can not only realize timely and automatic network control and management but also providesuperior scalability.

zh-cn	为了解决执行认证密钥交换协议时通信双方身份隐私保护问题，提出了一种基于 C 类承诺机制的抗量子攻击的双向认证密钥协商协议。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of identity privacy preservation between two participants involved when imple-menting authenticated key agreement protocol, a bidirectional authenticated key agreement protocol against quantum at-tack based on C commitment scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	该协议通过 C 类承诺函数隐藏通信双方的真实身份信息，并基于 RLWE 困难问题，在保障身份匿名的前提下，通过 2 轮的消息交互不仅完成了双向身份认证，而且保证了传输消息的完整性，并协商出共享会话密钥。
en-us	Through the design of C commitment function, the real identity in-formation of two participants involved was hidden. Based on RLWE difficult problem, under the premise to ensure iden-tity anonymity, this protocol not only completed two-way identity authentication, but also ensured the integrity of thetransmitted message, furthermore, the shared session key was negotiated.

zh-cn	经过分析，在协议执行效率上，完成匿名的双向认证与密钥协商只需 2 轮的消息传输，与 Ding 等的协议对比，公钥长度缩短近 50%；
en-us	After been analyzed, in terms of protocol's ex-ecution efficiency, only two rounds of message transmission were needed to complete anonymous two-way authenticationand key agreement in the proposed scheme. Compared with Ding's protocol, the length of public key was reduced bynearly 50%.

zh-cn	在安全性上，所提协议能够抵抗伪造、重放、密钥复制和中间人攻击。
en-us	With regard to security, the protocol could resist forgery, replay, key-copy, and man-in-the-middle attacks.

zh-cn	所提协议在 eCK 模型下满足可证明安全性，同时所提协议基于格上的 RLWE 困难问题，可抵抗量子计算攻击。
en-us	Itis proved that the proposed protocol satisfies the provable security under the eCK model. At the same time, the protocol isbased on the RLWE problem of lattices, and can resist quantum computing attacks.

zh-cn	基于目前绝大多数数字音频水印方案仅仅能够对抗简单的常规信号处理，尚无法有效抵抗破坏性较强的局部去同步攻击，提出了一种基于稳健特征点的平稳小波域数字音频水印算法。
en-us	Aiming at the challenging work to design a robust digital audio watermarking algorithm against desynchroni-zation attacks, a new second generation digital audio watermarking in stationary wavelet transform (SWT) domain basedon robust local audio feature was proposed.

zh-cn	首先利用高斯滤波技术计算出平稳小波域低频子带的一阶平滑梯度响应并确定基准阈值，进而提取出分布均匀且性能稳定的音频特征点；
en-us	First, the first-order smooth gradient response of the low-pass sub-band coef-ficient was calculated using Gaussian filter.

zh-cn	然后结合短时能量自适应确定适合于水印嵌入的局部特征音频段；
en-us	Then, the short-term energy was utilized to adaptively determine local featureaudio segments for embedding.

zh-cn	最后利用扩展抖动调制方法将水印信息嵌入局部特征音频段中。
en-us	Finally, the watermark information was embedded into local feature audio segments withspread transform dither modulation.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果证明，所提算法具有较好的不可感知性，并且对常规信号处理（MP3 压缩等）和去同步攻击（音调伸缩等）均具有较好的稳健性。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed approach has not only good trans-parency, but also has strong robustness against common audio processing such as MP3 compression and good robustness against the desynchronization attacks such as pitch-scale modification et al.

zh-cn	利用描述能力强且性能稳定的平滑梯度刻画局部数字音频性质，提出一种基于平滑梯度的平稳小波域音频特征点提取方法，有效解决音频特征点稳定性差且分布极不均匀的缺点，提高了数字音频水印对幅度伸缩、局部变调、随机剪切等去同步攻击的抵抗能力。
en-us	A SWT domain audio feature point extractionmethod based on smooth gradient is proposed, which effectively solves the drawbacks of poor stability and uneven dis-tribution of audio feature points, and improves the resistance of digital audio watermarks to amplitude-scale modification,pitch-scale modification, random cropping, and jittering attacks.

zh-cn	在线社交网络的迅速发展使信息呈现爆炸式增长，然而不同消息的流行度存在较大差异，对其准确预测一直是领域内的研究难点。
en-us	The rapid development of online social networks leads to an explosion of information, however, there are greatdifferences in the popularity of different messages, and accurate prediction is always a great difficulty is the current study.

zh-cn	流行度预测的任务是根据消息传播早期过程中涌现的特征预测其未来的传播趋势，
en-us	Popularity prediction of online content aims to predict the popularity in the future based on its early diffusion status.

zh-cn	现有基于传播网络特征与拟合函数的预测模型难以解决预测准确率低的问题，因此借助社会学中的弱连接理论，引入连接强度的概念，并融合消息传播早期的流行度构建多元线性回归方程，提出了一种针对 Facebook 知名主页的消息流行度的预测模型 TSL。
en-us	Ex-isting models for popularity prediction were mostly based on discovering network features or fitting the equation into avarying time function that the accuracy of current popularity prediction model was not high enough. Therefore, with the help of the weak ties theory in sociology, the concept of tie strength was introduced and a multilinear regression equationwas constructed combined with the early popularity. A TSL model to predict the popularity of Facebook's well-knownpages was proposed. The main contribution of this article was to solve the problem and few or no work based on sociolo-gy. A high linear correlation between the proportion of faithful fans was existed in Facebook homepage with frequentshares in the early and the future popularity.

zh-cn	通过在 Facebook 真实数据集（含 154 万次转发）上与其他具有代表性的基准模型进行比较，实验表明 TSL 模型可以对消息的最终转发流行度进行有效预测，预测性能优于同类方法。
en-us	Compared with other baseline models, an experimental study of Facebook(including 1.54 million shares) illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed TSL model, and the performance is better thanthe existing similar methods.

zh-cn	针对蒸发波导时空态势感知过程中，压缩感知观测阶段混入噪声对高精度重构产生不利影响的问题，提出了基于二次最优阈值的近似消息传递法。
en-us	To solve the problem that the mixed noise of compressed sensing observation stage had adverse effects on thehigh-precision reconstruction in the time-space situation awareness process of evaporative duct, an approximate messagepassing method based on quadratic optimal threshold was proposed.

zh-cn	所提方法综合了软、硬阈值函数的优势，设计了一种二次稳固阈值函数，改善 AMP 算法的重构性能，并在近似消息传递法的迭代过程中加入了基于共轭梯度法的最优阈值设置策略，加快收敛速度。
en-us	A quadratic stabilization threshold function whichintegrated advantages of soft and hard threshold functions was designed, and the optimal threshold setting policy wasadded to the iterative process based on conjugate gradient method to speed up convergence.

zh-cn	理论分析和实验表明，所提算法比现有的几种主流重构算法的收敛速度更快，去噪重建误差更小。
en-us	Theoretical analysis and ex-periments show that, compared with several mainstream algorithms, the proposed algorithm has the faster convergencerate and lower denoising reconstruction error.

zh-cn	针对跳频通信调制方式识别问题，提出了一种基于时频能量谱纹理特征的跳频调制方式识别方法。
en-us	For frequency hopping modulation identification, a novel method based on time-frequency energy spectrumtexture feature was proposed.

zh-cn	该方法首先采用平滑伪 Wigner-Ville 分布算法获取跳频信号时频图，并经过二维维纳滤波去除时频图背景噪声，提高低信噪比条件下时频图清晰度；
en-us	Firstly, the time-frequency diagram of the frequency hopping signal was obtained bysmoothed pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution, and the background noise of the time-frequency diagram was removed bytwo-dimensional Wiener filtering to improve the resolution of the time-frequency diagram under low SNR conditions.

zh-cn	然后采用连通域检测算法提取每跳信号的时频能量谱并将其转化为时频灰度图，计算其直方图统计特征和灰度共生矩阵特征组成 22 维特征向量；
en-us	Then, the connected-domain detection algorithm was used to extract the time-frequency energy spectrum of each hopsignal and convert it into a time-frequency gray-scale image. The histogram statistical features and the gray-scaleco-occurrence matrix feature were combined to form a 22-dimensional eigenvector.

zh-cn	最后通过参数优化后的支持向量机分类器对特征集进行训练、分类和识别。
en-us	Finally, the feature set was trained,classified and identified by optimized support vector machine classifier.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，所提取的多维特征向量具有较强的表征能力，避免了由单一特征相似性引起的误判问题，在信噪比为−4 dB 的条件下，对跳频信号 BPSK、QPSK、SDPSK、QASK、64QAM 和 GMSK共 6 种调制方式的平均识别正确率达到 91.4%。
en-us	Simulation experiments show that the mul-ti-dimensional feature vector extracted by the algorithm has strong representation ability and avoids the misjudgmentcaused by the similarity of single features. The average recognition accuracy of the six modulation methods of frequencyhopping signals BPSK, QPSK, SDPSK, QASK, 64QAM and GMSK is 91.4% under the condition of −4 dB SNR.

zh-cn	针对超密集无线网中的信息泄露和传输覆盖效率问题，提出了基于频率正交时间反演的虚拟覆盖方法。
en-us	To solve the problem of information leakage and coverage efficiency in ultra-dense wireless network, the or-thogonal frequency-time reversal virtual coverage scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，以正交子载波区分各信道，降低相关度；
en-us	At first, different wireless reversal channelswith lower correlation were distinguished by orthogonal carries.

zh-cn	其次，进行时间反演，让各目标信号在目的用户附近空间聚焦；
en-us	Next, after time reversal, the space focusing of each tar-get signal was realized around the terminal.

zh-cn	然后，研究推导出覆盖范围与信号干扰噪声比理论表达式并进行论证；
en-us	Then, theoretical expressions of the signal coverage and the sig-nal-interference-to-noise ratio were derived and proved.

zh-cn	最后，在确保用户覆盖需求的基础上，无关用户的覆盖范围缩小，形成了虚拟覆盖。
en-us	Ultimately, the virtual coverage was shaped, meeting the re-quirements of users. The coverage of unrelated user not belonging to system was reduced.

zh-cn	仿真表明，在不增加功率和天线情况下，虚拟覆盖增加了接收信号难度，提升了可靠传输的安全速率和系统容量。
en-us	The results show that thoseunrelated users are difficult to receive the target signal because of virtual coverage. In addition, the system has higher ca-pacity and security rate of reliable transmission without any more power or antennas.

zh-cn	针对移动群智感知（MCS）任务分发的有效性和精准性问题，提出了基于社区的任务分发算法。
en-us	A community-based task distribution algorithm was proposed to solve the problem of the validity of mobilecrowd sensing (MCS) task distribution.

zh-cn	为了解决所提问题，该方法首先通过计算移动节点间的最小生成树、连接参量、社区融合度，抽象和识别出节点的行为模式，将用户合理划分成不同的社区，
en-us	By calculating the minimum spanning tree (MST), the connection parameter (CP)and the community convergence degree (CI) between the mobile nodes, the behavior patterns of the users were abstractedand identified to rationally divide the nodes into different communities.

zh-cn	然后计算感知任务与社区行为模式特征值的匹配度，根据匹配度由社区的中心节点完成任务的分发。
en-us	Then, the eigenvalue matching degree of thecommunity behavior patterns with the sensing task was calculated. According to the matching degree, the distribution of the corresponding tasks was completed by the central node of the community.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与其他算法相比，所提方法有效地提高了任务分发的精确性和任务完成率，节约了任务完成的时间成本。
en-us	The simulation results show that the pro-posed method can effectively improve the accuracy of the task distribution and the task completion rate, and save the timecost of the task completion.

zh-cn	针对以 Tor 为代表的匿名通信系统在时延和下载时间方面的用户体验不够理想的问题，利用新一代软件定义网络带来的优势，面向接收方不可追踪，设计了新的匿名解决方案。
en-us	Leveraging the advantages of software defined networking (SDN), a new anonymous communication solution was de-signed for recipient untraceability. An obfuscation scheme in SDN domain was proposed to build a hybrid ano-nymous channel to solve the problem of large and highly variable delays and download time when using existing ano-nymous com-munication system such as Tor.

zh-cn	提出使用 SDN 域内淆乱的方法，构建基于 Tor 和 SDN 的混合匿名通道，提供发送方和接收方匿名，拓展了 Tor 匿名通道的纵深，有效降低了攻击者对匿名路径的追踪率。
en-us	The hybrid anonymous channel concatenated two sender anonymous chan-nels in Tor and SDN to provide both sender and receiver anonymity. Adversaries can trace smaller portions of the path inhybrid channel.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，相比 Tor，所提方案在增加 15%时延的代价下，可提供相当于 2 条 Tor 电路的抗追踪能力。
en-us	Experimental results show that the hybrid channel is as anonymous as two connected Tor circuits, withonly a small larger latency (15%) compared with Tor.

zh-cn	针对视频初始缓冲队列长度难以准确测量的问题，对非加密的优酷和加密的 YouTube 两类视频平台进行研究，提出了视频初始缓冲队列长度测量方法。
en-us	To resolve the difficulty in accurately measure the length of video initial buffering queue, two video platforms,non-encrypted Youku and encrypted YouTube, were selected to research, and the video initial buffer queue length mea-surement method was proposed.

zh-cn	通过识别分析视频流量特征，关联流量行为与播放状态，构建视频指纹库，实现了队列长度的准确测量。
en-us	By identifying and analyzing the characteristics of video traffic, correlating the trafficbehavior with the playing state, constructing video fingerprint database, accurate measurement of queue length was rea-lized.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，两类视频平台的测量结果均能够精确到帧，完全满足准确评估视频体验质量的需要。
en-us	The experimental results show that the measurement results of the two types could be accurate to the frame, fullymeeting the need to accurately evaluate the quality of the video experience.

zh-cn	为保证区域网被入侵时，系统仍然能为合法用户提供正常服务，设计了一种有限自动机入侵容忍模型。
en-us	To ensure that the system could still provide normal service for legitimate users when the LAN being invaded,a finite automaton intrusion tolerance model was designed.

zh-cn	该模型在马尔可夫的理论基础上，通过建立状态转移概率矩阵来描述系统提供服务的状态变换关系，将转移状态进行量化求解，发现系统中关键结点。
en-us	Based on Markov's theory, the state transformation relation-ship of the service provided by the system by establishing the state transition probability matrix was described, quantified the transition state and found the key nodes in the system.

zh-cn	通过对关键结点的维护可以增强系统的容忍能力和提高服务的可靠性。
en-us	The maintenance of key nodes could enhance the tolerance of the system and improve the reliability of the service.

zh-cn	实验对比表明，该模型不但具备很强的入侵容忍能力，在保障系统受到入侵时的完整性也具有明显优势。
en-us	Experimental comparison shows that this model not only has strong intrusion tolerance, but also has obvious advantages in the integrity of the security system when it is invaded.

zh-cn	为减轻云环境下同驻攻击的危害，提出了基于 Shamir 的虚拟机放置策略，并设计了与其相适应的虚拟机放置框架，通过区块链保证了所提放置策略中关键数据的安全性。
en-us	In order to alleviate the harm of co-location attack in cloud environment, a virtual machine placement strategybased on Shamir was proposed, and a virtual machine placement framework was designed. The security of key data was ensured by the blockchain in the proposed placement strategy.

zh-cn	该虚拟机放置策略可以有效提升虚拟机的安全性和云环境的负载均衡能力，减少资源浪费。
en-us	The virtual machine placement policy could effectively improve the security of the virtual machine and the load balancing capability of the cloud environment, and reduce re-source waste.

zh-cn	最后通过仿真实验证明了方案的有效性。
en-us	Finally, the effectiveness of the scheme is proved by simulation experiments.

zh-cn	分类问题中的特征选择一直是一个重要而又困难的问题。
en-us	Feature selection in classification has always been an important but difficult problem.

zh-cn	这类问题中要求特征选择算法不仅能够帮助分类器提高分类准确率，同时还要尽可能地减少冗余特征。
en-us	This kind of problem requires that feature selection algorithms can not only help classifiers to improve the classification accuracy, but also re-duce the redundant features as much as possible.

zh-cn	因此，为了在分类问题中更好地进行特征选择，提出了一种新型的包裹式特征选择算法 XGBSFS。
en-us	Therefore, in order to solve feature selection in the classification prob-lems better, a new wrapped feature selection algorithm XGBSFS was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法借鉴极端梯度提升（XGBoost）算法中构建树的思想过程，通过从 3 个重要性度量的角度来衡量特征的重要性，避免单一重要性度量的局限性；
en-us	The thought process of building trees inXGBoost was used for reference, and the importance of features from three importance metrics was measured to avoidthe limitation of single importance metric.

zh-cn	然后通过改进的序列浮动前向搜索策略（ISFFS）搜索特征子集，使最终得到的特征子集有较高的质量。
en-us	Then the improved sequential floating forward selection (ISFFS) was appliedto search the feature subset so that it had high quality.

zh-cn	在 8 个 UCI 数据集的对比实验中表明，所提算法具有很好的性能。
en-us	Compared with the experimental results of eight datasets in UCI,the proposed algorithm has good performance.

zh-cn	识别重要节点是复杂网络研究的基础性问题。
en-us	Identifying vital nodes is a basic problem in complex network research.

zh-cn	现有理论框架主要以“点−边”这种低阶结构为基本单元，往往忽略了多个节点之间可能存在的交互性、传递性等重要因素。
en-us	The existing theoretical framework,mainly considered from the lower-order structure of node-based and edge-based relations often ignores important factorssuch as interactivity and transitivity between multiple nodes.

zh-cn	为了更加精确地识别重要节点，对网络中以模体为基本单元的高阶结构进行了研究，首先，提出了节点高阶度的概念，进一步引入证据理论融合了节点的高阶结构和低阶结构信息，设计了一种融合节点高阶信息的半局部重要节点识别方法。
en-us	To identify vital nodes more accurately, the motif, thehigh-er-order structure of the network, was studied as the basic unit. Firstly, a notion of higher-order degree of nodes in acom-plex network was proposed. Then, the higher-order structure and lower-order structure of nodes were fused intoevidence theory.

zh-cn	在 3 个真实社交网络上的实验结果表明，相较于只关注低阶结构的已有方法，所提出的算法能够更加精确地识别网络中的重要节点。
en-us	A semi-local identifying vital nodes algorithm fusing higher-order information of nodes was designed.The results of experiments on three real social networks show that the proposed algorithm can identify vital nodes moreaccurately in the network than the existing methods which only focus on the low-order structure.

zh-cn	针对主动声呐中回波信号特征提取困难的问题，提出了一种利用降噪自编码器与卷积降噪自编码器相结合的自编码器算法。
en-us	Aiming at the difficulty of feature extraction of echo signal in active sonar, a self-encoder algorithm based on thecombination of denoising self-encoder and convolution denoising self-encoder was proposed.

zh-cn	首先利用降噪自编码器在信号整体上的降噪优势，对含噪信号进行预处理；然后结合卷积降噪自编码器对信号局部特征的优化，对信号进行局部降噪，从而实现信号增强。
en-us	Firstly, the preprocessing ofnoisy signal was carried out by using the advantage of denoising self-encoder in signal as a whole, and then the local featureof signal was optimized by combining convolutional denoising self-encoder to denoise the signal locally, so as to enhance thesignal.

zh-cn	所提算法直接以接收信号的时域波形作为特征输入，保留了信号的幅度与相位特征。
en-us	The time domain waveform of the received signal is used as the feature input by the algorithm, and retains the signal'samplitude and phase characteristics.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法不仅有效降低了信号中的噪声分量，而且在时域和频域上均达到了较好的恢复效果。
en-us	The experimental results show that the algorithm not only effectively reduces the noisecomponent in the signal, but also achieves better recovery effect in both time and frequency domains.

zh-cn	兼顾能量节省与匿名用户的服务质量，结合免费云服务与注册云服务，提出了一种基于休眠模式的新型云架构。
en-us	In order to balance the energy conservation and the service quality for anonymous users, a novel sleep-modebased architecture with the free cloud service and the registration cloud service was proposed.

zh-cn	将免费云服务抽象为第一次服务，注册云服务抽象为第二次服务，休眠抽象为休假，建立了一个带有二次可选服务且部分虚拟机异步多重休假的排队模型。
en-us	Regarding the free cloud service as the first service, the registration cloud service as the second service and the sleep sate as the vacation, a partialasynchronous multiple vacation queueing model with a second optional service was built.

zh-cn	运用矩阵几何解方法求解排队模型的稳态分布，研究了系统节能率与匿名用户平均响应时间等性能指标。
en-us	Applying the method of a ma-trix-geometric solution, the steady-state distribution of the queueing model was derived, and then the energy saving rate of system as well as the average response time of anonymous users were estimated.

zh-cn	综合匿名用户的服务收益与等待服务所消耗的时间成本，建立了收益函数。
en-us	By considering the benefits from ac-cessing the cloud service and the time cost on waiting for the cloud service, benefit functions were constructed.

zh-cn	利用数值结果揭示了匿名用户纳什均衡到达率与社会最优到达率之间的关系。
en-us	Numeri-cal results were carried out to reveal the relationship between Nash equilibrium arrival rate and social optimal arrival rate of anonymous users.

zh-cn	为实现新型云架构下的社会最优提供理论依据。
en-us	The proposed cloud architecture provides a theoretical basis for social optimization.

zh-cn	为有效降低空分复用弹性光网络（SDM-EON）中的能耗、阻塞率及多芯光纤中相邻纤芯间串扰，提出了一种考虑空闲光路预测的节能算法。
en-us	To effectively reduce the energy consumption, blocking rate and crosstalk between adjacent cores in a mul-ti-core fiber for space division multiplexing elastic optical network (SDM-EON), an energy-saving algorithm considering idle light-path prediction was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，使用极限学习机模型预测网络中各光路的业务量，得出空闲光路集合与各空闲光路的维持时刻阈值；
en-us	The extreme learning machine model was used to predict the traffic volume ofeach light-path in the network. Thus the idle light-path set and the maintenance time threshold of each idle light-path were obtained.

zh-cn	然后，通过预测算法感知空闲光路的实际维持时刻；
en-us	Then, the actual maintenance time of the idle light-path was perceived by the prediction algorithm.

zh-cn	最后，在实际维持时刻不超过最小维持时刻阈值且芯间串扰低于串扰阈值的空闲光路中，加载能耗最小的空闲光路被选来分配给新业务。
en-us	Finally,in the light-paths where the actual maintenance time do not exceed the minimum maintenance time threshold and the in-ter-core crosstalk are lower than the crosstalk threshold, the idle light-path with the least loading energy consumption was selected to carry the new traffic.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相对于传统节能算法，在满足 SDM-EON 串扰限制的前提下，所提算法能够达到更佳的节能效果，且能使阻塞率维持在一个合理的范围。
en-us	The simulation results show that compared with the traditional energy-saving algorithm,when the SDM-EON crosstalk limitation is satisfied, the proposed algorithm can lead better energy-saving while maintainthe blocking rate at levels compatible.

zh-cn	针对现有的异构蜂窝网（HCN）中小小区的迅速增加给用户密集的热点区域带来的巨大的能源消耗问题，提出了以用户为中心的用户热点模型框架。
en-us	In the existing heterogeneous cellular networks (HCN), the rapid increasing of small cells caused a problemthat the hotspots where users were clustered generated a huge amount of energy consumption. To improve the energy ef-ficiency of the networks, the spatial model was researched.

zh-cn	首先，使用 Thomas 簇过程对 HCN 热点地区的用户进行建模；其次，结合最大平均偏置接收功率的连接策略以实现基站负载均衡；最后，利用随机几何理论推导出用户的关联概率和覆盖概率，给出网络能量效率的定义。
en-us	The users in hotspots in the HCN were modeled as the Tho-mas cluster process, combined with the max mean bias received signal power (max-BRP) strategy to achieve base stationload balancing, and the user's association probability, coverage probability and the network's energy efficiency were de-rived using tool from stochastic geometry.

zh-cn	仿真分析验证了推导的计算式的准确性，证明了设置合适的偏置因子可以大大提高网络的能量效率。
en-us	The simulation shows that the derived formulas are accurate, and the network'senergy efficiency can be greatly improved by setting appropriate bias factors.

zh-cn	大数据中的隐私保护问题是当前网络空间安全领域的一个研究热点，差分隐私保护作为严格且可证明的隐私保护定义，研究其在大数据环境下的应用现状能够为其后续的系统性应用等提供参考与指导。
en-us	The privacy protection in big data is a research hotspot in the field of cyberspace security. As a strict andprovable definition of privacy protection, studying application status of differential privacy protection in big data envi-ronment can provide reference and guidance for its subsequent system applications.

zh-cn	在系统分析差分隐私保护的相关概念与技术特性的基础上，通过对差分隐私保护技术在数据发布与分析、云计算与大数据计算、位置与轨迹服务及社交网络中的应用等进行综述，阐述了当前具有代表性的研究成果并分析了其存在的问题。
en-us	Based on the analysis of the related concepts and technical characteristics of differential privacy protection, the application of differential privacy protection technology was reviewed in data distribution and analysis, cloud computing and big data computing, location and trajec-tory services and social networks, which expounded the current representative research results and analyzed its existing problems.

zh-cn	研究表明，现有成果从差分隐私保护机理、噪声添加机制与位置、数据处理方式等方面对差分隐私保护应用进行了卓有成效的创新与探究，且相关成果在不同场景下实现了交叉应用。
en-us	The research shows that the existing results have made effective innovation and exploration of differential pri-vacy protection applications from the aspects of differential privacy protection mechanism, noise addition mechanism and location, and data processing methods, and the related results have been cross-applied in different scenarios.

zh-cn	最后提出了差分隐私保护在大数据环境下进一步系统性应用还需要注意的四大问题。
en-us	Finally, four major problems that need to be studied in the further systematic application of differential privacy protection in the bigdata environment are proposed.

zh-cn	在下行异构大规模 MIMO 系统中，针对目前多流正则化迫零波束成形算法将正则化项中的每根天线功率约束值均设为固定的上限，且忽略在实际部署环境中天线数量、用户数以及QoS等因素影响，设计的Multiflow-RZF波束成形并不能获得最佳能效的问题，提出一种低复杂度的渐进式 RZF 协作波束成形算法。
en-us	A low complexity asymptotic regularized zero forcing cooperative beamforming algorithm based on energyefficiency in heterogeneous massive MIMO system was proposed, aiming at the problem that the current multi-flowregularization zero forcing beamforming algorithm sets the power constraint of each antenna in the regularization termas a fixed value and ignores the influences of factors such as the number of antennas, the number of users and QoS.

zh-cn	该算法在每次迭代中，对天线功率约束集合进行最优选择，渐近地获得最优波束成形设计以平衡用户间的干扰，在满足 QoS 约束和天线功率约束下，考虑天线数量、用户数等因素的影响，实现异构大规模 MIMO 系统能效最优。
en-us	The algorithm selects the optimal antenna power constraint set through the optimization method, and the optimalbeamforming was asymptotically ob-tained to balance the interference among users to achieve the optimal energy ef-ficiency, considering the impact of the number of antennas and users with the constraints of the antenna power andQoS.

zh-cn	鉴于回程功耗在大规模 MIMO 系统中的重要性，进一步考虑更符合实际应用的回程功耗系统模型，分析了回程功耗对系统性能的影响。
en-us	In view of the importance of backhaul in massive MIMO system, a backhaul power consumption model and theimpact of backhaul power consumption on system performance was analyzed.

zh-cn	分析和仿真结果表明，提出的新算法具有较强的实用性和较大的性能提升，特别是当天线数较大时，算法性能接近最优，特别适合于下一代通信的大规模 MIMO 系统。
en-us	Analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has great improvement of the performance, especially when the number of antennas is large. The algorithm is close to optimal performance, especially suitable for massive MIMO system of next generationcommunication.

zh-cn	基于复数支持向量回归机（CSVR）的框架，提出了一种针对复数信号的新的盲均衡算法，将多模算法的误差函数代入 CSVR 的惩罚项构造代价函数，利用广泛线性估计建立回归关系，并采用迭代重加权最小二乘方法确定均衡器系数。
en-us	A new blind equalization algorithm for complex valued signals was proposed based on the framework of complexsupport vector regression(CSVR). In the proposed algorithm, the error function of multi-modulus algorithm (MMA) wassubstituted into CSVR to construct the cost function, and the regression relationship was established by widely linear estima-tion, and the equalizer coefficients were determined by the iterative re-weighted least square (IRWLS) method.

zh-cn	不同于支持向量回归机对复数信号的实数化处理方式，CSVR 利用 Wirtinger 微积分，将复数信号直接在复数再生核希尔伯特空间进行解析。
en-us	Different from spliting the complex valued signals into real valued signals used in support vector regression, the Wirtinger's calculus was used in complex support vector regression to analyze the complex signals directly in the complex regenerative kernel Hilbert space.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，针对 QPSK 调制信号，在线性信道和非线性信道下，与基于 SVR 的盲均衡算法相比，通过选取合适的核函数和迭代优化方法，所提算法的均衡性能显著提升。
en-us	Simulation experiments show that for QPSK modulated signals, compared with the blind equalization algo-rithm based on support vector regression, the equalization performance of the proposed algorithm is significantly improvedin linear channel and nonlinear channel by choosing appropriate kernel function and iterative optimization method.

zh-cn	针对双流网络结构中浅层网络和一般深度模型学习空间信息和时间信息的不足，提出将压缩激励残差网络用于空间流和时间流的动作识别，
en-us	Aiming at the shortcomings of shallow networks and general deep models in two-stream network structure,which could not effectively learn spatial and temporal information, a squeeze-and-excitation residual network was pro-posed for action recognition with a spatial stream and a temporal stream.

zh-cn	同时将恒等映射核作为时间滤波器注入网络中捕获长期时间依赖性。
en-us	Meanwhile, the long-term temporal dependence was captured by injecting the identity mapping kernel into the network as a temporal filter.

zh-cn	为了进一步加强压缩激励残差网络的空间信息和时间信息之间的交互，采用时空特征相乘融合，并研究空间流和时间流乘法融合方式、次数以及位置对识别性能的影响。
en-us	Spatio temporal feature mul-tiplication fusion was used to further enhance the interaction between spatial information and temporal information ofsqueeze-and-excitation residual networks. Simultaneously, the influence of spatial-temporal stream multiplication fusionmethods, times and locations on the performance of action recognition was studied.

zh-cn	鉴于单个模型获得性能的局限性，提出了 3 种不同的策略生成多个模型，并使用直接平均与加权平均集成以得到最终识别结果。
en-us	Given the limitations of performance achieved by a single model, three different strategies were proposed to generate multiple models, and the final recognition result was obtained by integrating these models through averaging and weighted averaging.

zh-cn	HMDB51 和 UCF101 数据集上的实验结果表明，所提时空压缩激励残差乘法网络能够有效提升动作识别性能。
en-us	The experimental results onthe HMDB51 and UCF101 datasets show that the proposed spatio temporal squeeze-and-excitation residual multiplier networks can effectively improve the performance of action recognition.

zh-cn	针对互联网面临的内容大数据趋势显著、内容语义标识缺乏和内容安全态势严峻等内容治理挑战，提出了一种支持内容大数据智能治理的双结构互联网，以现有互联网体系结构作为主结构，以基于辐射−复制范型的播存网络作为次结构。
en-us	For the current Internet architecture is suffering many challenges of cyber content governance, including big data trends of cyber contents, lack of semantic identification, and the severe situation of content security. In seeking to address these challenges, a dual-architecture Internet which integrated the current Internet architecture with a comple-mentary secondary broadcast-storage network architecture characterized as the combination of broadcast transmissionand ubiquitous storage was proposed.

zh-cn	介绍了双结构互联网的体系结构设计原则、核心理念和内容智能治理实现机制，尤其对统一内容标签 UCL 国家标准与富语义矢量编码、热门内容汇聚与 UCL 安全能级模型、UCL 知识空间与内容汇聚研讨厅等内容智能治理关键技术进行了详细阐述。
en-us	The design principles and core concepts of the dual-architecture Internet and its in-telligent realization mechanism of cyber content governance were introduced, and especially, the national standard ofuniform content label (UCL) and UCL-based rich semantic vector coding of contents, the gathering of popular contentsthe UCL-oriented security energy level model, the UCL knowledge space and content clustering hall for workshop of me-ta-synthetic engineering were detailed.

zh-cn	最后，通过研发双结构互联网内容智能治理原型系统，对双结构互联网及其内容智能治理能力进行了验证。
en-us	Consequently, a prototype of dual-architecture Internet supporting intelligent gover-nance of cyber contents was developed to verify the design principles and core concepts of the dual-architecture Internet andits capability for intelligent governance of cyber contents.

zh-cn	双结构互联网为破解内容大数据治理难题提供了网络体系结构层面的创新解决思路。
en-us	The dual-architecture Internet proposed can provide a brand-newapproach to solve the problem of cyber content governance from the high-level perspective of network architecture.

zh-cn	针对超密集网络的室内场景，提出了一种基于干扰图的自适应干扰协调方法。
en-us	An interference graph based adaptive interference coordination method was proposed for indoor scenario ofultra dense network (UDN).

zh-cn	该方法以最大化系统吞吐量为目标，首先将系统中的干扰关系建模为干扰图，并利用迭代着色算法确定各小小区基站的可用资源；
en-us	The algorithm aimed at maximizing system throughput. Firstly, the interference relationship in the system was modeled as an interference graph, and the iterative coloring algorithm was used to determine the avail-able resources of each small cell base station (SBS).

zh-cn	然后，由小小区基站采用优化吞吐量的资源分配算法将资源分配给各用户。
en-us	Thereafter, the SBS allocated resources to each user by using athroughput optimizing resource allocation algorithm.

zh-cn	所提方法能够根据网络拓扑结构及信道条件自适应地选择资源分配策略，从而降低系统内干扰。
en-us	The method could adaptively select a resource allocation strategyaccording to the network topology and channel conditions, thereby mitigating interference in the system.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，相比于现有方法，所提方法通过较小的额外信令开销，在明显提升吞吐量性能的同时有效地降低了系统中断概率。
en-us	The simulation results show that compared with the existing methods, the proposed method effectively reduces the system outage proba-bility while significantly improving the throughput performance through a small additional signaling overhead.

zh-cn	针对栅格地图中涉密数据可分为不同图层的特点，设计了一种保护多层数据的区域递增式彩色视觉密码方案，并给出了具体应用流程。
en-us	In view of the characteristics of raster map, important data of the map were divided into different map layers by using the idea of map segmentation. A regional incremental color visual cryptographic scheme for raster map sharing was designed, and a model based on this scheme was proposed. At the same time, the specific application process was given.

zh-cn	该方案首先对多个授权集合进行了优化，然后基于随机数设计了秘密分享和恢复算法，避免了生成和保存加密矩阵产生的额外开销。
en-us	In order to solve the problem of large pixel expansibility and poor visual effect of image recovery in traditional re-gional incremental visual cryptography scheme, random numbers and the access structure optimization were used.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该方案能够实现栅格地图数据多级分存，在大大降低方案像素扩展度的同时，实现了栅格地图数据的完全恢复。
en-us	Con-struction of the method was simple and the additional overhead of generating and saving the encryption matrix wasavoided. The experimental results show that the scheme can achieve multile

zh-cn	节点能量受限与移动性及更加个性化的服务要求，使自组织网络对定制化路由需求迫切。
en-us	Node energy-limited and mobility, indeed, requirement of customized service, made Ad Hoc press for custo-mization Routing.

zh-cn	基于软件定义网络（SDN）的核心原理，首先分析 SDN 下自组织网络控制架构和路由设计的全新思路。
en-us	Based on the core principle of software defined networking (SDN), the control framework and the de-sign of routing creation bran-new approach about Ad Hoc based SDN was analyzed firstly.

zh-cn	其次建立分层次路由模型，提出基于服务路径的路由关键节点和关键链路集中式选择问题并设计其算法，通过基于服务特征的节点映射，以网络效能最大化为目标将用户定制的服务嵌入物理网络中。
en-us	Secondly, the hierarchicalrouting model was established, and the problem of routing key nodes and key link centralized selection based on servicepath was proposed and its algorithm was designed, which could embed customize service into physical networks vianodes mapping based network performance maximization.

zh-cn	最后验证了基于 SDN 的自组织网络路由在功能、性能和网络整体效能方面的优势。
en-us	Finally, it corroborate the advantage of routing implement viaSDN in function, performance and the whole networks utilization.

zh-cn	实验证明，网络节点耗能更均衡且网络整体效用比传统方法提高近 14%。
en-us	Experiments show that the energy consumption of net-work nodes is more balanced and the overall utilization of the network is nearly 14% higher than the traditional method.

zh-cn	针对多指数连续相位调制（Multi-h CPM），提出了基于虚拟调制指数集简化相位状态的低复杂度检测方法。
en-us	Simplified detection with reduced phase-state based on virtual modulation indexes was designed for Multi-hCPM.

zh-cn	在接收端构造与发送端不同的调制指数集，并采用逐幸存路径处理的方法解决收发调制指数不一致所带来的失配问题。
en-us	Multiple sets of modulation indexes different from the transmitter were constructed in the receiver, and theper-survivor processing was used to solve the mismatch caused by the inconsistency of the modulation indexes betweenthe receiver and the transmitter.

zh-cn	当虚拟调制指数的分母远小于实际发送信号的调制指数分母时，相干序列检测的相位状态可被有效简化，从而降低 Multi-h CPM 相干检测的复杂度。
en-us	When the denominator of virtual modulation index was much smaller than the originaldenominator of actual transmitted signal, the phase states of coherent sequence detection could be effectively simplified,thus the complexity of coherent detection for Multi-h CPM could be reduced.

zh-cn	与简化相关状态的频率脉冲截断（FPT）算法联合使用，可进一步降低接收端的网格状态数。
en-us	The trellis could be simplified further viacombining with the frequency pulse truncation(FPT) used for simplifying correlation states.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，针对先进靶场遥测（ARTM）CPM 信号可设计多组基于虚拟调制指数集的简化接收方案，其中，当虚拟调制指数集设为3 2,4 4   时，网格状态数可由最优检测的 512 降低为 64，性能损失小于 0.05 dB。
en-us	The simulation results show that for advanced range telemetry (ARTM) CPM signal, various simplified receiving schemes based on virtual modula-tion indexes can be designed. When the virtual modulation indexes are set to3 2,4 4   , the number of trellis states can bereduced from 512 (in optimal detection) to 64, but the performance loss is less than 0.05 dB.

zh-cn	进一步联合 FPT 算法后，网格状态数可降为 16，性能仅损失 0.75 dB。
en-us	Further combined with FPTalgorithm, the number of trellis states can be reduced to 16, while the performance loss is only 0.75 dB.

zh-cn	针对通信网络中节点之间通信内容未知的情况，提出了一种基于节点行为时序的指控信息流挖掘算法。
en-us	With the situation that the content of the communication between the nodes in the network is unknown, an in-struction flow mining algorithm based on the communication sequence was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，对用户通信行为的相关性进行建模，提出了节点通信行为模型，分别对节点的背景通信和指控类通信的行为进行建模；
en-us	Firstly, by modelling the relativityof the communication actions and proposing the node communication actions model, the background communication andinstruction communication actions was modelled.

zh-cn	其次，提出了 FlowMine 算法，对模型进行求解并对算法的收敛性进行了分析，该算法采用抽样迭代的思想对模型参数进行估计，能够给出参数的一个近似估计值；
en-us	Moreover, FlowMine algorithm was proposed to solve such models andthe convergence of the algorithm was analyzed. The algorithm estimated parameters by sampling and iteration which ob-tained a near optimal solution.

zh-cn	最后，通过模拟数据和实际数据验证并分析了FlowMine 算法的有效性。
en-us	

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法能够较快收敛，并能够得到可信的指控信息流。
en-us	Finally, the validity of the approach was verified by synthetic data and empirical dataanalysis. Experiment results show the convergence and reliable performance of FlowMine algorithm.

zh-cn	结合上下文信息和支持向量机（SVM），提出了一种基于隐含上下文支持向量机的服务推荐方法。
en-us	Combined with contexts and SVM, a service recommendation method based on context-embedded supportvector machine (SRM-CESVM) was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，根据用户所处的不同上下文信息对用户评分矩阵进行修正，使其带有隐含的上下文信息；
en-us	Firstly, according to the different contexts, the user rating matrix wasmodified to make it with embedded contexts.

zh-cn	其次，将带有隐含上下文信息的服务评分向量作为服务的特征向量，构建训练集，上下文信息的引入并没有增加服务特征向量的维数；
en-us	Secondly, the rating vectors with embedded contexts were used as servicefeature vectors to construct training set, meanwhile the dimension of service feature vector were not increased by the in-troduction of contexts.

zh-cn	然后，根据训练集使用 SVM 获得目标用户的分类超平面，构建 SVM 预测模型；
en-us	Thirdly, a separation hyperplane for active user was acquired based on training set using SVM,and then the SVM prediction model was built.

zh-cn	最后，计算目标用户未使用服务的特征向量点与超平面的距离，综合考虑该距离以及相似用户的推荐，做出服务推荐。
en-us	Finally, the distances between the feature vector points representing theactive users' unused services and the hyperplane were calculated. Considering the distances and the recommendation ofsimilar users, the service list was recommended.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提推荐方法在不同的评分矩阵密度下均具有较好的推荐精度，并且能够缩短推荐时间。
en-us	The experimental results further demonstrate that the proposed methodhas better recommendation accuracy under different rating matrix densities and can reduce recommendation time.

zh-cn	针对传统方法考虑随机误差影响因素不够全面的问题，建立了一种更加真实的 GPS 观测量随机误差模型。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of not enough influencing factors were considered in traditional methods, a much morerealistic stochastic model was built.

zh-cn	该方法在几何相关功能模型中引入了误差修正项，采用了一种以空间换时间的改进LS-VCE算法对模型进行求解，采集了 2 组真实的 GPS 实测数据对模型进行性能评估，并利用该模型解算了载波相位整周模糊度。
en-us	In which error corrections were introduced into the geometry-based function model,an improved least squares variance component estimation (LS-VCE) algorithm with space-for-time was used to solve themodel, two sets of real GPS data were collected to evaluate the performance of the model, and with which the carrierphase integer ambiguity was solved.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提方法在模型精度、模型求解复杂度及整周相位模糊度解算成功率等方面均优于传统方法。
en-us	The experimental results show that the proposed methods are superior to the tradi-tional methods in terms of model accuracy, model solution complexity and integer ambiguity resolution.

zh-cn	针对机会社交网络环境下资源查询成功率低的问题，提出一种基于时变兴趣社区的查询消息路由算法。
en-us	To solve the problem that the successful rate of resource query is low in opportunity social network, a querymessage routing algorithm based on time-variant interest community was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，分析了 2 个重要的移动社交网络数据集，发现了用户节点行为在时间和空间上的关联性和规律性；
en-us	Two well-known mobile social data-sets were firstly analyzed, and then the temporal and spatial correlations of users were found.

zh-cn	然后，基于用户行为在时空上的关联和规律性，构建了时变兴趣社区；
en-us	The time-variant interest communities based on temporal and spatial correlations of users were constructed.

zh-cn	最后，在时变兴趣社区的基础上，设计新的查询消息路由算法。
en-us	Next, a dynamic query routing on theconstructed time-variant interest communities was proposed.

zh-cn	理论分析结果表明，所提算法时间复杂度是 ( log ) O n n ；
en-us	Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed routing can runin  ( log ) O n n time.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，所提算法在查询成功率、平均查询时延、查询跳数及系统开销方面均优于与同类型算法。
en-us	The comparisons between the proposed routing and state-of-the-art message delivery algorithmsshow that the proposed routing can keep high query success rate, reduce the average query latency and the hop count of aquery and maintain low system overhead.

zh-cn	路由与波长分配是全光网络重要的资源分配方法。
en-us	Routing and wave length assignment is an important resource allocation method of all-optical network.

zh-cn	针对传统方法与新架构结合的问题，提出了一种基于SDN 的自适应多目标路由与波长分配方法，能够通过自我调节的方式实现全光网络的链路资源调配。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of traditional method combined with the new architecture, an adaptive multi-objective routing and wave-length assignment method based on SDN was proposed, which could realize the allocation of link resources of all-opticalnetwork through self-regulation.

zh-cn	该方法基于SDN 服务功能链模式，以调度时间和链路质量为调度目标，将路由与波长分配问题构建为 0-1 整数规划问题，
en-us	Based on the SDN service function chain model, service scheduling time and link ser-vice quality were taken as the scheduling objective, routing and wavelength assignment problem was constructed as the0-1 integer programming problem,

zh-cn	同时采用二进制混合拓扑粒子群算法对该模型求解实现网络资源的优化调度。
en-us	meanwhile, binary hybrid topology particle swarm optimization algorithm was used tooptimize the network resources for optimal scheduling.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，所提方法在恢复时间、阻塞率、资源利用率等指标的测试中均优于传统经典算法的性能。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method is superiorto the traditional classical algorithms in the test of recovery time, blocking rate and resource utilization.

zh-cn	为解决现有的隐私保护方法不能很好地满足群组推荐中用户的个性化隐私需求的问题，提出了一种面向群组推荐的基于可信客户端的个性化隐私保护框架及基于此框架的群组敏感偏好保护方法。
en-us	To address the problem that most of the existing privacy protection methods can not satisfy the user's persona-lized requirements very well in group recommendation, a user personalized privacy protection framework based ontrusted client for group recommendation (UPPPF-TC-GR) followed with a group sensitive preference protection method(GSPPM) was proposed.

zh-cn	所提方法在可信客户端收集群组内用户的历史数据以及隐私偏好需求，利用用户敏感主题相似性发现组内相似用户，通过对前 k 个用户进行随机的协同扰动，实现群组内用户的个性化隐私保护。
en-us	In GSPPM, user's historical data and privacy preference demands were collected in the trustedclient, and similar users were selected in the group based on sensitive topic similarity between users. Privacy protectionfor users who had privacy preferences in the group was realized by randomization of cooperative disturbance to top ksimilar users.

zh-cn	仿真对比实验表明，所提的个性化隐私保护方法能够满足不同用户的隐私需求，具有更好的性能。
en-us	Simulation experiments show that the proposed GSPPM can not only satisfy privacy protection require-ments for each user but also achieve better performance.

zh-cn	针对边缘缓存和雾无线接入技术中降低后传链路负载的问题，提出了一种雾无线接入网中的多层协作缓存方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem of reducing the load of the backward link in the edge buffer and fog wireless accessnetwork technology, a multi-tier cooperative caching scheme in F-RAN was proposed to further reduce the backhaul traf-fic load.

zh-cn	考虑网络架构、文件流行度估计、链路容量等因素，将相关的优化问题分解为每个层中缓存布置的背包问题，并分别使用贪心算法求解。
en-us	In particular, by considering the network topology, content popularity prediction and link capacity, the optimiza-tion problem was decomposed into knapsack subproblems in multi-tiers, and effective greedy algorithms were proposedto solve the corresponding subproblems.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提出的多层协作缓存方法能够有效降低后传链路负载，同时具有较高的缓存命中率。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed multi-tier cooperative caching schemecan effectively reduce the backhaul traffic and achieve relatively high cache hit rate.

zh-cn	针对频谱属性异构、信道条件动态变化、业务需求多样的认知异构无线网络中难以为次用户高效分配频谱资源的问题，提出了传输速率最大化的频谱资源分配策略。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to allocate spectrum resources to secondary users efficiently in cogni-tive heterogeneous wireless networks with heterogeneous spectrum attributes, dynamic channel conditions and diverseservice requirements, a spectrum resource allocation strategy with maximum transmission rate was proposed.

zh-cn	该策略首先以总传输速率最大化为目标，以受限频谱资源及用户业务需求为约束条件，构建了非线性多约束的频谱资源分配 0-1 规划模型；
en-us	Firstly, thestrategy aimed at maximizing the total transmission rate, and constrained the limited spectrum resources and user servicerequirements to construct a non-linear multi-constrained spectrum resource allocation 0-1 planning model.

zh-cn	然后设计了一种多项式时间复杂度的化简求解方法，该方法根据空闲频谱信息、信道条件、业务需求及分配决策历史信息构建并修正效益矩阵，实现约束条件化简，并通过改进传统匈牙利算法的系数矩阵变换策略提高执行效率。
en-us	Then a poly-nomial time complexity simplification method was designed. According to idle spectrum information, channel conditions,business requirements and allocation decision history information, and the benefit matrix was constructed and modified toachieve constraint simplification, and the execution efficiency was improved by improving the coefficient matrix trans-formation strategy of the traditional Hungarian algorithm.

zh-cn	最后，通过实验对算法性能进行对比分析，实验结果显示，所提方法具有更高的传输速率及执行效率。
en-us	Finally, the performance of the method was compared andanalyzed by experiments. Experimental results show that the proposed method has higher transmission rate and executionefficiency.

zh-cn	在频谱灵活光网络中，为了解决网络故障概率与光纤链路负载均衡问题，建立了故障概率与光纤链路负载均衡联合计算与评估模型，提出了故障概率与光纤链路负载均衡联合优化方法。
en-us	In order to gain insight into the relationship between the failure probability and the spectrum efficiency, both failure probability (FP) and load balancing (LB) were attempted to minimize in flexible bandwidth optical networks.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，与传统方法相比，当不考虑保护带宽时，所提故障概率与光纤链路负载均衡联合优化方法降低了69.8%网络阻塞率，减少了45.3%频谱资源占用率，减少了 41.9%平均故障概率，实现了频谱灵活光网络的故障概率与光纤链路负载均衡联合优化方法。
en-us	An optimized FP-LB algorithm was developed to reduce failure probability and to improve the spectrum efficiency, and atraditional algorithm was further introduced for comparison in flexible bandwidth optical networks. Simulation results show that the optimized FP-LB algorithm reduces 69.8% blocking probability, 45.3% spectrum occupancy rate, and 41.9%average failure probability compared to the traditional algorithm. Obviously, the optimized FP-LB algorithm achieves thejoint optimization of both failure probability and load balancing.

zh-cn	文本信息隐藏是保护文本内容安全性与完整性的重要技术。
en-us	Text information hiding is an important technology to protect the security and integrity of text content.

zh-cn	综述了中文文本信息隐藏的研究进展，根据中文文本信息隐藏的线索，将已有的算法分为 3 类：基于文本图像的算法、基于文本格式的算法和基于文本内容的算法，分别阐述了每类算法的实现过程，分析其优势与不足，并且对比分析了它们的原理、嵌入容量和抵抗攻击能力等。
en-us	Theresearch progress of Chinese text information hiding was reviewed. According to the clue of Chinese text informationhiding, the existing algorithms were divided into three categories, algorithms based on text images, algorithms based ontext format and algorithms based on text content. The implementation process of each type of algorithm was elaboratedand the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithm were analyzed. At the same time, their principles, embeddedcapacity and anti-attack capability was compared and analyzed.

zh-cn	此外，总结了中文文本信息隐藏技术存在的问题，并且对其研究趋势进行展望，期望为该领域的研究提供参考。
en-us	In addition, the problems existing in Chinese textinformation hiding technology was summarized, and the research trends were discussed in the future. It is expected toprovide reference for research in this field.

zh-cn	为了维护光网络安全，亟需研究部署能够有效处理高速光信号的光子防火墙，以替代现有的高能耗的电子防火墙。
en-us	In order to maintain the security of optical network, it is urgent to research and deploy photonic firewall whichcan effectively process high-speed optical signals to replace existing electronic firewall which consumes high energy.

zh-cn	在介绍光子防火墙原理的基础上，基于相关运算和逻辑门 2 种主要实现方式综述了模式匹配技术，对比了各匹配系统的优劣，并总结了全光逻辑门的实现方法。
en-us	Af-ter a brief review of the principle of photonic firewall, the pattern matching technology based on correlation operationand all-optical logic gates were summarized, and the matching systems was compared according to their advantages anddisadvantages. Besides, the realization methods of all-optical logic gates were introduced.

zh-cn	最后，展望了全光模式匹配研究的下一步方向与发展趋势，即更高效的系统结构和响应速度更快的非线性器件。
en-us	Finally, the next research di-rection and development trend of all-optical pattern matching were prospected: more efficient system structure ornon-linear devices with faster response speed.

zh-cn	分析表明，基于全光模式匹配的光子防火墙在网络安全中具有良好的应用前景。
en-us	The survey shows that photonic firewall based on all-optical patternmatching has a good application prospect in network security.

zh-cn	量子密钥分发是量子通信的基本实现技术，能够提供安全的密钥分发方式。
en-us	Quantum key distribution is a basic implementation technology of quantum communication, which provides asecure key distribution method.

zh-cn	随着点到点量子密钥分发技术的成熟与发展，多点到多点的量子密钥分发组网成为未来发展的趋势，如何构建多点到多点的量子密钥分发网络是当前面临的迫切问题。
en-us	With the maturity and development of point-to-point quantum key distribution technology,multi-point to multi-point quantum key distribution networking has become a trend of development in the future. How toconstruct a multi-point to multi-point quantum key distribution network is currently urgent problem.

zh-cn	提出了量子密钥分发城域光网络架构，研究了量子密钥分发城域光组网中的关键问题及解决策略，探讨了量子密钥分发城域光网络在相关场景的应用，最后总结分析了量子密钥分发组网未来的发展方向及面临的挑战。
en-us	The architecture ofQKD-MON was proposed, the key problems and corresponding strategies in QKD-MON were discussed, the applicationsof QKD-MON in various scenes were studied, and finally the future development direction and challenges were dis-cussed.

zh-cn	所提出的量子密钥分发网络架构能够高效进行多点间的量子密钥分发，从而为业务灵活地提供密钥资源。
en-us	The QKD network architecture proposed can efficiently implement QKD between multiple points and providekey resources for the customer flexibly.

zh-cn	针对多目标环境中车载防撞雷达的测距精度易受到频谱间干扰的问题，提出了一种改进的基于迭代插值的多目标距离估计算法。
en-us	For the multi-target detection, a multi-objective range estimation algorithm was proposed based on iterativeinterpolation to solve the problem of the range accuracy of frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) radar beingeasy to be interfered by spectrum.

zh-cn	首先，利用快速傅里叶变换并结合恒虚警检测算法估计出不同距离的目标个数及目标的粗略位置；
en-us	Firstly, the number of targets and the rough location of the target were obtainedthrough the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and the constant false alarm (CFAR) detection algorithm.

zh-cn	然后，对目标的频谱进行非均匀迭代插值，并在每次迭代的过程中消除频谱间干扰，从而得到更精确的距离。
en-us	Then spectrum was iteratively interpolate, and the inter-spectral interference was eliminated during each iteration to obtain more accuratedistance.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，所提算法在多目标环境中和低信噪比条件下均具有更高的估计精度。
en-us	Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher estimation accuracy in multi-target environmentand low Signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).

zh-cn	使用 DSP 芯片实现了所提算法，证明该算法满足实时性的要求，易于工程实现。
en-us	The proposed algorithm is implemented by DSP, which proved that the algorithmmeets the real-time requirements and is easy to be implemented in engineering.

zh-cn	为了评估轻量级分组密码算法 TWINE 的安全性，利用相关密钥不可能飞来去器的方法对其进行了分析。
en-us	In order to evaluate the security of the lightweight block cipher TWINE, the method of related-key impossi-ble boomerang cryptanalysis was applied and a related-key impossible boomerang distinguisher consisting of 16-roundand 17-round paths was constructed.

zh-cn	构造了由 16 轮和 17 轮两条路径组成的相关密钥不可能飞来去器区分器，并将 16 轮和 17 轮的路径向前扩展 4 轮、向后分别扩展 3 轮和 2 轮，完成对 23 轮 TWINE 密码算法（80 bit 密钥）的攻击。
en-us	Based on this new distinguisher, an attack on 23-round TWINE was mounted suc-cessfully by concatenating 4-round to the beginning and 2-round for the 17-round path and 3-round for the 16-round pathto the end respectively.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该攻击的数据复杂度为62.052 个明文，时间复杂度为70.492 次 23 轮加密，与现有算法相比有明显优势。
en-us	The attack on 23-round TWINE required data complexity of only62.052 plaintexts and computa-tional complexity of about70.492 23-round encryptions. Compared with published cryptanalysis results, the proposedattack has obvious advantages.

zh-cn	现有的推荐模型大多仅从用户角度进行建模，忽略了物品的功能关系对用户购买决策的影响。
en-us	Most of existing recommendation models constructed pairwise samples only from a user's perspective. Never-theless, they overlooked the functional relationships among items--A key factor that could significantly influence userpurchase decision-making process.

zh-cn	从用户和物品这 2 个角度，同时考虑用户–物品之间的交互关系和物品–物品之间的功能关系，提出了联合成对排序的推荐模型。
en-us	To this end, a co-pairwise ranking model was proposed, which modeled a user's pre-ference for a given item as the combination of user-item interactions and item-item complementarity relationships.

zh-cn	考虑正样本的排名位置和负采样策略直接影响模型收敛速度，构建一种排序感知的学习算法，用于求解所提模型的参数。
en-us	Con-sidering that the rank position of positive sample and the negative sampler had a direct impact on the rate of convergence,a rank-aware learning algorithm was devised for optimizing the proposed model. Extensive experiments on fourreal-word datasets are conducted to evaluate of the proposed model.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与当前主流推荐算法相比，该算法在多个评价指标上具有明显的性能优势。
en-us	The experimental results demonstrate that the de-vised algorithm significantly outperforms a series of state-of-the-art recommendation algorithms in terms of multipleevaluation metrics.

zh-cn	针对现有网络架构存在结构僵化、IP 单一承载、难以抑制未知威胁等问题，从网络构造的角度来提升网络的功能、性能、效能、安全等性质，将“结构可定义”贯穿网络的各个层面，提出了一种网络各层功能多模态呈现的网络架构——全维可定义的多模态智慧网络，
en-us	For current Internet is confronted with some defects such as rigid structure, single IP bearing, and disability insuppressing unknown threats, the functions, performance, efficiency and security of the Internet were promoted from theperspective of network structure, the “structure definition” was introduced through all levels of the Internet, and a net-work architecture of multi-modal presentation of network functions was provided in all levels: full-dimensional definedpolymorphic smart network (PINet),

zh-cn	支持寻址路由、交换模式、互连方式、网元形态、传输协议等的全维度定义和多模态呈现，并讨论了多模态智慧网络的愿景和目标、体系架构和模型、关键技术等。
en-us	which supported full-dimensional definition and multi-modal presentation of ad-dressing and routing, switching mode, interconnection mode, network element, transmission protocol, service propertiesand so on. Then the vision and goal, architecture and model, as well as the key technologies of PINet were discussed.

zh-cn	所提架构可为新型网络技术发展提供一种可能的解决思路。
en-us	the proposed architecture can provide a possible solution to the development of new network technologies.

zh-cn	为了应对媒体与网络相互融合发展给承载媒体服务的广播电视网和移动通信网带来的巨大冲击以及新的融合媒体业务对网络传输效率、容量扩展、资源利用和服务质量提出的更高要求，在对过去 20 年媒体发展和网络演进总结归纳的基础上，提出了面向融合媒体发展的新一代媒体网络系统架构。
en-us	In order to cope with the huge impact of the integration of media and network on the broadcast and mobile communication networks that carry media services, and the new requirements for network transmission efficiency, capac-ity expansion, resource utilization and service quality of new converged media services, a new generation media networksystem architecture for the development of converged media was proposed based on the summary of media developmentand network evolution in the past two decades.

zh-cn	新的架构可以满足更密连接性、更高可靠性、更低时延和更好交互性等应用需求。
en-us	The new architecture can meet the application requirements of denserconnectivity, higher reliability, lower latency and better interactivity.

zh-cn	随着时延敏感型应用和超低时延场景的出现，低时延网络的研究受到了学术界、工业界和标准组织的广泛关注。
en-us	With the advent of delay-sensitive applications and ultra-low latency scenarios, research on low-latency net-working is attracting attention from academia, industry, and standards organizations.

zh-cn	了解时延产生的原因并设计相应的降低时延的技术使新兴应用的发展成为可能。
en-us	Understanding the causes of latencyand designing corresponding techniques to reduce latency enable the development of emerging applications.

zh-cn	首先按照网络的分层体系架构对时延来源进行分析，并以此为基础对降低时延的技术进行了综述。
en-us	The sources of latency according to the layered architecture of the network was analyzed, and summarizes the techniques for reducingthe latency.

zh-cn	然后，针对数据中心网络、5G 以及边缘计算 3 种典型的低时延关键场景及优化时延的技术进行分析。
en-us	After that, three typical low-latency key scenarios and delay optimization techniques for data center network,5G and edge computing was analyzed.

zh-cn	最后，从网络架构革新、数据驱动优化时延算法及新协议设计 3 个方面展望了低时延网络发展面临的机遇与挑战。
en-us	Finally, the opportunities and challenges that may be encountered in the develop-ment of low latency networks were presented from the perspectives of network architecture innovation, data-driven la-tency optimization algorithm and the design of new protocols.

zh-cn	针对第五代移动通信技术（5G）及后 5G 部署之后对互联网主干产生的影响开展定性和定量研究。
en-us	The effects that the 5th generation mobile network (5G) bring to Internet backbone were investigated qualita-tively and quantitatively.

zh-cn	首先分析了 5G 所具有的超大带宽、超低时延和海量机器连接的特性对互联网主干在流量、时延、安全等方面带来的挑战，
en-us	First, the challenges that the characteristics of 5G, i.e. ultra-high data rate, ultra-low latency, andultra-large number of connections, introduce to Internet backbone in terms of traffic, latency, and security were analyzed.

zh-cn	然后建立了抽象模型用于描述 5G 用户获取内容和服务的特性，以及 5G、边缘计算、云计算相结合场景下主干网流量的特征。
en-us	Second, a model was proposed to capture the characteristics of 5G users and Internet traffic with the coordination of 5G,edge computing, and cloud computing.

zh-cn	以此为基础，开展了数值模拟实验，评价了在不同程度的 5G 部署场景下，互联网主干网性能和用户体验到的带宽和时延等服务质量指标。
en-us	Then, numerical simulations were used to evaluate the model. The QoS require-ments that Internet backbone faces under different extent of 5G deployment were evaluated.

zh-cn	研究表明，5G 的部署会引起互联网主干流量增加，端到端时延中传播时延所占比例增大，以及带宽瓶颈由接入网转向主干网等结果。
en-us	According to the study, in-crement of backbone traffic, increment of the ratio of propagation delay, and movement of bandwidth bottleneck are pre-dicted after 5G/B5G deployment.

zh-cn	针对现有异构云无线接入网络的研究主要集中在单个蜂窝网络场景，仅考虑了蜂窝网络内部干扰，忽略了蜂窝网络间干扰的问题，研究了多个蜂窝网络共存场景下的 H-CRAN，通过最大化系统总传输速率，对宏基站和无线远端射频单元的波束成形向量进行联合优化。
en-us	To overcome the problem that previous researches for heterogeneous cloud radio access network (H-CRAN)mainly focus on single macro cell, and only considered the intracell interference in the one macro cell, while the inter cellinterferences among different macro cells are neglected, H-CRAN with multiple macro-cells was studied, and the objec-tive was to maximize system sum-rate through jointly optimizing the beamforming vectors of macro base stations (MBS)and remote radio heads (RRH).

zh-cn	基于交替优化算法和拉格朗日对偶方法，提出了一种 MBS和 RRH 波束成形向量联合优化算法。
en-us	Based on alternating optimization and Lagrangian dual method, a joint MBS and RRHbeamforming algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	首先将原优化问题分解为 2 个子优化问题，然后通过迭代的求解这 2 个子优化问题得到原优化问题的最终解。
en-us	The original problem was first divided into two subproblems. Then, the twosub-problem were solved alternately to obtain the final solutions of the original problem.

zh-cn	另外，根据拉格朗日对偶方法推导出了 MBS 和 RRH 波束成形向量的闭式表达式。
en-us	In addition, the closed expres-sion solutions of the two sub-problem were derived based on Lagrangian dual method.

zh-cn	在仿真实验中，将所提算法与其他波束成形算法进行了比较，实验结果证明，所提算法能够较好地改善系统传输速率。
en-us	The proposed algorithm was compared with some beamforming algorithms in the simulation. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed algo-rithm has a better performance in improving the sum-rate of H-CRAN.

zh-cn	网络功能虚拟化（NFV）带来灵活性的同时也面临极大的问题，因为承载网络功能的虚拟机可能会引入显著的性能开销。
en-us	Network function virtualization (NFV) brought significant flexibility. However, such flexibility came withconsiderable compromises, since virtual machine carried monolithic functions could introduce significant performanceoverhead.

zh-cn	针对此问题，提出了一种名为 MicroNF 的新型高性能可编程框架，将可编程硬件基础设施与 NFV 中的传统软件基础设施相结合，以实现高性能和灵活性。
en-us	A novel high-performance and programmable framework called MicroNF was proposed, which combinesprogrammable hardware infrastructure and traditional software infrastructure in NFV to achieve both high perfor-mance and flexibility.

zh-cn	MicroNF 利用微服务—— 一种软件架构中的新设计方法，重新构建 NFV，以实现服务之间的功能可重用性并提高性能。
en-us	In particular, microservice, a new design approach in software architecture, was leveraged by MicroNF to re-architect NFV to enable functional reusability among services and improve performance.

zh-cn	基于 OpenStack 和 ONetCard的实验平台实现了 MicroNF。
en-us	MicroNF wasimplemented in a test bed based on OpenStack and ONetCard.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与基于 DPDK 的软件实现相比，MicroNF 将服务链的平均转发时延降低了 70%。
en-us	Experimental results show that MicroNF reduces the forwarding latency of a service chain by an average of 70% compared with DPDK-based software implementation.

zh-cn	提出了一种云环境下基于汇编函数层编码的 App 克隆检测方法，实现了 Android 应用克隆检测原型系统Pentagon。
en-us	An efficient function-based encoding scheme in the cloud environment for detecting the cloned Apps was de-signed, called Pentagon.

zh-cn	首先，针对 App 执行文件代码设计了二进制函数基本代码块特征提取方法；
en-us	Firstly, a basic block feature extraction method was proposed.

zh-cn	其次，提出了一种对二进制函数进行单调编码的算法，基于图形嵌入原理，融合执行流程图与函数代码基本块特征，形成每个函数代码的投影特征；
en-us	Secondly, a monotonic encodingalgorithm for the App function was designed, which encoded the function based on the control flow graph structure andbasic block attributes.

zh-cn	最后，提出了一种高效的第三方库函数过滤方法，进一步提升了克隆检测效果。
en-us	Finally, a three-party libraries filtering method was proposed by using an efficient clustering algo-rithm based on the function feature.

zh-cn	实验证明，所提方法具有 97.6%的准确率，在实验条件下判定一个 App 克隆对只需要 79 ms，能够支撑云环境下应用市场级别的大规模克隆检测。
en-us	Experiments verified the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The average searchtime is close to 79 ms, and the clone detection accuracy achieves 97.6%.

zh-cn	针对复杂海洋背景中高机动目标的快速检测问题，提出了一种基于稀疏分数阶模糊函数（SFRAF）的雷达目标检测算法，所提算法在瞬时自相关函数计算后引入稀疏傅里叶变换（SFT），结合了 SFT 和分数阶模糊函数（FRAF）的优势，
en-us	To solve the problem of fast detection of high maneuvering targets in complex ocean background, a radar tar-get detection algorithm via sparse fractional ambiguity function (SFRAF) was proposed. The sparse Fourier transform(SFT) was introduced after instantaneous autocorrelation function calculation, which combines the advantages of SFTand fractional ambiguity function (FRAF).

zh-cn	因此，SFRAF 对高机动信号具有较好的处理效果，同时能够获得较低的计算复杂度。
en-us	Therefore, SFRAF has good processing performance on high maneuveringsignals and can achieve lower computational complexity.

zh-cn	仿真实验和实测数据处理结果表明，相比于经典检测方法，所提方法能够明显改善机动目标的检测性能，而相比于FRAF，所提方法能够实现检测效率的有效提升。
en-us	The simulation experiments and the measured data processing results show that compared with classical detection method, the detection performance of maneuvering target can be sig-nificantly improved, and compared with FRAF, the proposed method can achieve higher detection efficiency.

zh-cn	为了解决大数据流式计算平台中存在计算负载波动上升，但集群无法有效应对负载变化的问题，提出了基于流网络的 Flink 平台弹性资源调度策略（FAR-Flink）。
en-us	In order to solve the problem that the load of big data stream computing platform is increasing with fluctuationwhile the cluster was not able to rescale efficiently, the Flow-network based auto rescale strategy for Flink was proposed.

zh-cn	该策略首先建立流网络模型并通过构建算法计算每条边的容量值，
en-us	Firstly, the flow-network model was set up and the capacity of each edge that was calculated by self-learning algorithm.

zh-cn	其次通过弹性资源调度算法确定集群性能瓶颈并制定动态资源调度计划，
en-us	Secondly, the bottleneck of the cluster was acquired by maximum-flow algorithm and the resource rescheduling plan wasdrawn up.

zh-cn	最后通过基于数据分簇和分桶管理的状态数据迁移算法，实施调度计划并完成节点间的高效数据迁移。
en-us	Finally, the resource rescheduling plan was executed and the stateful data was migrated efficiently by the datamigration algorithm based on the strategy of data partitioning by bulk and bucket.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，该策略在状态数据复杂的应用场景中有较好的优化效果，在满足计算时延约束的前提下提高了集群的吞吐量，缩短了状态数据迁移的时间。
en-us	The experimental results show that thestrategy can effectively provide performance promotion in the application with complex stateful data.

zh-cn	由此可见，FAR-Flink 策略有效提升了集群对负载波动的响应能力。
en-us	It improved thethroughput of the cluster and reduced the time overhead of the data migration on the premise of satisfying the latencyconstrain of the application, which means that the strategy promotes the scalability of the cluster efficiently.

zh-cn	针对在雷达观测下机动弱小目标的检测前跟踪（TBD）问题中，基于序贯蒙特卡洛的势均衡多伯努利检测前跟踪（SMC-CBMeMBer-TBD）算法存在目标的数目估计不准确及状态估计精度随时间下降的问题，提出了一种基于 SMC-CBMeMBer 前向后向平滑检测前跟踪的改进算法。
en-us	For the tracking problem of multiple maneuvering targets in radar observation, the sequential Monte-Carlo cardi-nality-balanced multi-Bernoulli track-before-detect (SMC-CBMeMBer-TBD) algorithm is inaccurate in the estimation of the number of targets and the precision of state estimation. An improved algorithm based on SMC-CBMeMBer forward back-ward smoothing track-before-detect algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法在预测和更新过程之间加入多目标粒子群优化算法（MOPSO），基于观测值设置适应度目标函数，使粒子集群向后验概率密度较为集中的位置分布，缓解了粒子贫乏的问题；
en-us	In the algorithm, the multi target particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) was added between the process of prediction and update, and the fitness function was set up based on the observa-tion value to make the particle set move to the position of the larger posterior probability density distribution, and solve theparticle poverty in the heavy sampling process.

zh-cn	在更新步骤之后加入平滑递归方法，利用观测值平滑滤波值，算法运算时间虽有一定延长，但获得了数目和状态估计精度的提升。
en-us	In the update step, the algorithm was used. Then the smoothing recursivemethod was added, and the arithmetic operation time was prolonged, but the number and the state estimation precision wereimproved.

zh-cn	仿真实验表明，与 CBMeMBer-TBD 方法相比，所提算法在对机动目标数目估计和目标状态估计的准确度等性能上都有所改进。
en-us	The simulation results show that compared with the CBMeMBer-TBD method, the proposed algorithm improvesthe accuracy of the estimation of the number of maneuvering targets and the accuracy of the target state estimation.

zh-cn	针对企业级网络中计算机拥有者的自私属性导致网络中可用资源节点数量不足和资源分配效率低的问题，提出一种以拍卖机制为核心的企业级网络最优匹配资源分配（OMRA）策略，
en-us	To address the issue that the owners of computer are selfish in the enterprise networks, which caused the lowavailable number of resource nodes and low efficiency of resource allocation, an optimized matching resource allocationstrategy OMRA was proposed and its core was the auction mechanism.

zh-cn	在抑制节点自私性的同时提升网络可用资源数，进而提升整个拍卖市场的运行效率。
en-us	Selfishness was restrained and the number ofavailable resources was increased by OMRA, so as the operating efficiency of the whole auction market was improved.

zh-cn	首先，归一化不同类型资源的成本，确定拍卖初始的资源请求价格；
en-us	First, the initial prices were determined by normalizing the costs of different type of resources on the beginning of auction.

zh-cn	其次，设计了最优化匹配的拍卖算法，最大化拍卖市场的收益；
en-us	Secondly, an optimal matching auction algorithm was designed to maximize the interests of the auction markets.

zh-cn	再次，运行服务请求预取算法，使资源提供者能以当前的成交价格获取更多的任务请求，保证资源提供者的收益；
en-us	Then,service perfecting algorithm was performed such that the sellers could get more services at the current transaction value,thus ensuring the benefits of resource providers.

zh-cn	最后，利用请求价格和竞拍价格更新算法，保证买卖双方在下一轮拍卖过程中获得较高的优先级，以获取更多的收益。
en-us	At last, a request price updating algorithm was adopted to assurance thatboth sellers and buyers could get priorities in the next auction processing.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与基于拍卖的云资源分配算法（CRAA/FA）相比，所提 OMRA 策略能提升 10%的资源分配效率和 11.4%的市场收益率。
en-us	Compared with the cloud resource allocatingalgorithm via fitness-enabled auction (CRAA/FA), the experiment results indicate that the efficiency of resource alloca-tion improves by 10% and the benefits of market increase by 11.4%.

zh-cn	提出了一种实现 MQAM 信号调制方式自动识别的方法。
en-us	An automatic modulation recognition algorithm for MQAM signal was proposed.

zh-cn	首先通过四阶累积量构造特征参数 F，实现方形 QAM 和十字形 QAM 的识别，通过计算零中心归一化瞬时幅度紧致性，把 16QAM 从方形 QAM 中识别出来。
en-us	Firstly, the feature parameterF based on the fourth order cumulants was constructed to classify the square QAM and the cross QAM. Secondly, the compactness of zero center normalized instantaneous amplitude was calculated to identify the 16QAM from the squareQAM.

zh-cn	然后，通过信号包络平方的频谱估算出波特率，结合定时同步，消除 ISI 码间干扰，恢复出较理想的星座图。
en-us	Thirdly, the baud rate was estimated by frequency spectrum of amplitude square, and timing was synchronized todelete the ISI and resume the relatively ideal constellations.

zh-cn	接着，针对 32QAM 和 128QAM 设置不同的聚类半径，用减法聚类算法求出聚类点及其密度值，通过计算不同半径下的聚类点密度值的差异进行类型判断，同理，进行 64QAM 和 256QAM 信号的分类。
en-us	And aiming at the 32QAM and the 128QAM, two differentclustering radii were set, and clustering point density was got respectively by the subtractive clustering algorithm, andthen the 32QAM and the 128QAM was classified depending on the difference of density value. In the same way, the64QAM and the 256QAM were classified.

zh-cn	所提方法不需要载频和波特率等先验信息，能完成 16QAM、32QAM、64QAM、128QAM、256QAM 信号的自动识别，并且没有复杂的迭代过程，可以应用于实际信号的调制识别。
en-us	The proposed algorithm can recognize five kinds of QAM signals, including16QAM signals, 32QAM signals, 64QAM signals, 128QAM signal and 256QAM signal without prior knowledge of fre-quency and baud rate. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm does not need complex iterative process, which can be ap-plied in practical signal recognition.

zh-cn	针对卫星网络中拓扑时变、连接瞬断及资源受限的问题，提出了一种基于双向粒子群优化（BPSO）的连接计划设计（CPD）方案。
en-us	Aiming at the problems of time-varying topology, intermittent connection, and constrained resource in satellitenetwork, a contact plan design (CPD) scheme based on bi-directional particle optimization (BPSO) algorithm was pro-posed.

zh-cn	首先，通过对资源受限的时变卫星网络分析，建立了基于任务的时间拓展图（TEG）模型；
en-us	Firstly, the task-based time-expanded graph (TEG) model was constructed through the analysis of re-source-constrained time-varying satellite network.

zh-cn	其次，考虑网络拓扑的离散性和节点资源的有限性，通过初始化、编码及修复环节生成卫星网络中的可用连接计划（CP）；
en-us	Next, available contact plan (CP) in satellite network were generatedthrough initialization, coding and repairing by considering the discreteness of network topology and the limitation ofnode resources.

zh-cn	再次，根据执行任务的特点设计评价函数以区分所生成的可用 CP 的优劣；
en-us	Then, an evaluation function was designed according to the characteristics of the execution task to dis-tinguish whether the generated available CP was good or bad.

zh-cn	最后，根据 CP 中链路稀疏的特点确定最差位置中待修正的比特，提出 BPSO 算法不断修正 CP 以优化空间数据传输性能。
en-us	Finally, the bits to be corrected in the worst location weredetermined according to the sparse characteristics of links in CP, and the CP was continuously modified by the proposedBPSO algorithm to optimize the performance of spatial data transmission.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方案能够有效降低任务传输时间，提升任务到达率。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposedBPSO-based CPD scheme can effectively reduce the task delivery time and increase the task arrival rate.

zh-cn	邻居发现可以使网络中的节点通过简单的信息交互彼此发现对方，适用于新型的移动低占空比传感网（MLDC-WSN）。
en-us	Neighbor discovery enables nodes in the networks to discover each other through simple information interac-tion, which was suitable for the new mobile low duty cycle sensor network (MLDC-WSN).

zh-cn	然而，由于 MLDC-WSN 中节点具有可随机移动、睡眠等特性，使网络拓扑频繁发生改变，导致部分节点需要花费很多的能量和时间才能发现邻居。
en-us	However, because the nodesin MLDC-WSN can move randomly and sleep, the network topology was changed frequently, which results in that somenodes need a lot of energy and time to find their neighbors.

zh-cn	如何使网络中的全部节点实现快速邻居发现是目前研究的难点问题。
en-us	How to realize fast neighbor discovery for all nodes in thenetwork was a difficult problem in current research.

zh-cn	为了解决这个难题，提出了一种新的基于多信标消息的低时延邻居发现算法，节点通过发送一种简短的信标消息来寻找自己的邻居，并且通过调整信标消息发送的时刻及发送的次数，从而获取较低的邻居发现时延。
en-us	To solve this problem, a new low-latency neighbor discovery algo-rithm based on multi-beacon messages was proposed. In this algorithm, the nodes were discovered by sending a shortbeacon message through their neighbor nodes, and by adjusting the time and frequency of beacon message sent, a lowerneighbor discovery delay was obtained.

zh-cn	最后，通过定量分析和仿真实验发现，与已有算法相比，该算法能够在 MLDC-WSN 中以更小的能耗、更低的时延和更大的概率发现全部的邻居节点。
en-us	Eventually, through quantitative analysis and simulation experiments, it is foundthat compared with existing algorithms, this algorithm can find all neighbor nodes in MLDC-WSN with less energy con-sumption, lower latency and greater probability.

zh-cn	提出了去中心化信贷系统，并给出了其构造应用。
en-us	A decentralized credit system was proposed and its construction application was given.

zh-cn	通过扩展基于区块链的“数字货币商品”的交易结构、扩展共识协议的功能和增加特定账户的方法，来构造去中心化信贷系统。
en-us	Decentralized credit sys-tem could be constructed by expanding the transaction structure of “digital currency commodity” based on block chain, ex-panding the function of consensus protocol and adding specific accounts.

zh-cn	同时，将去中心化信贷系统应用到基于区块链的 PKI 增强与监督系统 IKP，从而使 IKP 系统在运行中不需要全局基金，
en-us	Also, the decentralized credit system was applied to the PKI enhancement and supervision system IKP so that IKP system did not need global fund in operation.

zh-cn	并且通过在去中心化信贷系统中引入分层“虚拟货币商品”供应量调节机制缓解基于区块链的“数字货币商品”在“虚拟货币商品”供给量上难以调节的问题，实现精确调节“虚拟货币商品”供应量。
en-us	Moreover, byintroducing the hierarchical “virtual currency commodity” supply adjustment mechanism in the decentralized credit systemto alleviate the difficulty of regulating the “virtual currency commodity” supply of “digital currency commodity” based onblock chain, the precise “virtual currency commodity” supply regulation can be achieved.

zh-cn	基于云计算、大数据和人工智能的智慧城市是未来重要的发展趋势，移动预测技术是智慧城市重点关注的技术。
en-us	Smart cities based on cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence have become important developmenttrends. Mobile prediction is the key technology of smart city.

zh-cn	为总结目前的移动预测方法以及各种方法在无线网络的应用，首先阐述了移动预测的重要性和可行性，介绍了移动预测的数据分类及获取，
en-us	Firstly, in order to summarize the mobile prediction me-thods and its applications in wireless network, the importance and feasibility of mobile prediction were stated. And thedatasets of mobile prediction were introduced.

zh-cn	然后总结和对比了移动预测中用户的轨迹特征和移动预测方法，
en-us	Secondly, the users' trajectory characteristics and the method of mobileprediction were summarized and compared.

zh-cn	最后指出了移动预测面对的问题和挑战。
en-us	Finally, the problems and challenges for mobility prediction were pointedout.

zh-cn	针对 SLCE 序列的 2-adic 复杂度，首先利用分圆数获得此类序列的自相关函数值，根据 2-adic 复杂度与自相关函数的关系分析了序列 2-adic 复杂度取值特点，结合 SLCE 序列的自相关函数值与周期的最大公因子，给出了一个SLCE 序列2-adic 复杂度达到最大值的条件。
en-us	Aiming at the 2-adic complexity of Sidelnikov-Lempel-Cohn-Eastman sequences, autocorrelation functionvalue of this kind of sequence was obtained by using the cyclotomic number. Based on the relationship between 2-adiccomplexity and autocorrelation function, properties of 2-adic complexity value were analyzed. According to the greatestcommon divisor between the autocorrelation function value and the period of SLCE sequence, the condition that the2-adic complexity of a SLCE sequence reaches its maximum value was given.

zh-cn	结果表明很多有限域上的 SLCE 序列的 2-adic 复杂度可达到最大值。
en-us	The results show that 2-adic complexity ofSLCE sequence on many finite field can reach the maximum value.

zh-cn	以 Docker 和 Kubernetes 为代表的容器云具有额外的资源开销更小、启动销毁时间更短等优点，但它仍然存在过度供应和供应不足等资源管理问题。
en-us	The container cloud represented by Docker and Kubernetes has the advantages of less additional resourceoverhead and shorter start-up and destruction time. However there are still resource management issues such asover-supply and under-supply.

zh-cn	为了使 Kubernetes 集群对部署在其上的应用资源使用量能“提前”响应，并根据预测值为应用及时、准确、动态地调度和分配资源，提出了一种基于三次指数平滑法和时间卷积网络的云资源预测模型，根据历史数据预测未来的资源需求。
en-us	In order to allow the Kubernetes cluster to respond “in advance” to the resource usage of the applications deployed on it, and then to schedule and allocate resources in a timely, accurate and dynamic mannerbased on the predicted value, a cloud resource prediction model based on triple exponential smoothing method and tem-poral convolutional network was proposed, based on historical data to predict future demand for resources.

zh-cn	为了找到参数的最优组合，使用 TPOT 调参思想对参数进行优化。
en-us	To find theoptimal combination of parameters, the parameters were optimized using TPOT thought.

zh-cn	对 Google 数据集 CPU 和内存的预测实验表明，所提模型与其他模型相比具有更好的预测性能。
en-us	Experiments on the CPU andmemory of the Google dataset show that the model has better prediction performance than other models.

zh-cn	孤立森林算法是基于隔离机制的异常检测算法，存在与轴平行的局部异常点无法检测、对高维数据异常点缺乏敏感性和稳定性等问题。
en-us	The isolation-based anomaly detector, isolation forest has two weaknesses, its inability to detect anomalies thatwere masked by axis-parallel clusters, and anomalies in high-dimensional data.

zh-cn	针对这些问题，提出了基于随机超平面的隔离机制和多粒度扫描机制，随机超平面使用多个维度的线性组合简化数据模型的隔离边界，利用随机线性分类器的隔离边界能够检测更复杂的数据模式。
en-us	An isolation mechanism based on random hyperplane and a multi-grained scanning was proposed to overcome these weaknesses. The random hyperplane generatedby a linear combination of multiple dimensions was used to simplify the isolation boundary of the data model which was a random linear classifier that can detect more complex data patterns, so that the isolation mechanism was more consis-tent with data distribution characteristics.

zh-cn	同时，多粒度扫描机制利用滑动窗口的方式进行维度子采样，每一个维度子集均训练一个森林，多个森林集成投票决策，构造层次化集成学习异常检测模型。
en-us	The multi-grained scanning was used to perform dimensional sub-sampling which trained multiple forests to generate a hierarchical ensemble anomaly detection model.

zh-cn	实验表明，改进的孤立森林算法对复杂异常数据模式有更好的稳健性，层次化集成学习模型提高了高维数据中异常检测的准确性和稳定性。
en-us	Experiments show that the improved isolation forest has better robustness to different data patterns and improves the efficiency of anomaly points inhigh-dimensional data.

zh-cn	为解决广域信息管理（SWIM）服务提供者由于自身故障或受到恶意攻击，造成 SWIM 服务中断、服务时延增加或服务质量下降的问题，提出了一种基于态势感知的 SWIM 服务权限主动移交模型，利用随机森林算法判别 SWIM 服务提供者安全态势，依据安全态势主动移交 SWIM 服务权限，降低突发事件对 SWIM 服务的影响。
en-us	To solve the problem that in the system wide information management (SWIM) network, the SWIM serviceprovider suffers from SWIM service interruption, service delay increase or service quality degradation due to maliciousattack or self-failure. Therefore, a proactive migration model of SWIM service was proposed on the basis of situationawareness, which used the random forest algorithm to timely judge the SWIM service provider security situation. SWIMservice authority was actively migrated according to security situation, and the emergencies impact on SWIM serviceswere reduces.

zh-cn	实验证明，所提模型能够在突发事件发生的情况下保证服务的连续性，与未部署服务移交模型的 SWIM 网络相比，具有更高的可靠性和稳定性。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed model can guarantee services continuity in an emergencyevent, which has higher reliability and stability than SWIM network in which the service migration model is not dep-loyed.

zh-cn	为了应对网络切片中共享物理资源的虚拟网络功能（VNF）间因资源竞争带来的性能下降问题，提出了一种基于性能感知的网络切片部署方法。
en-us	In order to deal with the performance degradation caused by resource contention due to the sharing of physicalresources between VNF in the network slicing, a network slicing deployment method based on performance-awarenesswas proposed.

zh-cn	在网络切片实例部署时，采用先虚拟节点映射再虚拟链路映射的两阶段部署方式。
en-us	When deploying network slice instances, first two-phase deployment that mapping virtual nodes wasadopted, and then virtual links were mapped.

zh-cn	在虚拟节点部署阶段，首先从资源供需的角度定义了 VNF 的性能影响因子，以量化 VNF 的性能影响程度；
en-us	In the virtual nodes mapping phase, the VNF performance influences factorwas defined from the perspective of resource supply and demand to quantify the degree of VNF performance impact.

zh-cn	然后求出网络切片实例中所有 VNF 在可部署的物理服务器上的性能影响因子总和，将性能影响因子总和最小的物理服务器作为映射位置，采用模拟退火−离散粒子群算法求出节点映射结果。
en-us	Then the sum of the performance influence factors of all VNF on the deployable physical server was found in the networkslice instance, the physical server with the smallest sum of performance influence factors was used as the mapping loca-tion, and the simulated annealing-discrete particle swarm algorithm was used to find the nodes mapping result.

zh-cn	在虚拟链路部署阶段，采用最短路径算法求出链路映射结果。
en-us	In the vir-tual links mapping phase, the shortest path algorithm was used to obtain the link mapping result.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法有效降低了其他网络切片实例对自身的服务性能影响。
en-us	The simulation results show that the proposed method reduces the impact of other network slices on its own service performance.

zh-cn	针对图片转发场景下隐私泄露的问题，提出了一种跨社交网络的隐私图片分享框架，可用于图片隐私信息的延伸控制和溯源取证。
en-us	With rapid developments of digital photography and social networks, users of photo-sharing-supported socialnetworking applications can easily forward photos across different social networks at the cost of their growing privacyconcerns.

zh-cn	延伸控制方案利用基于传播链的访问控制模型限制后续用户的操作权限，并将隐私策略嵌入图片文件，通过图片加密算法保护图片隐私信息和隐私策略的机密性、完整性，确保用户隐私策略被正确执行。
en-us	To address this problem, a privacy-preserving photo sharing framework was proposed, which could apply toextended control and privacy invasion tracing. In extended control scheme, the following users on a dissemination chainwas restrained by each user's privacy policy.

zh-cn	该方案不受限于任何现有社交网络图片分享平台，并且能够有效防止非授权转发造成的图片隐私信息泄露威胁。
en-us	Then several privacy areas of photos were encrypted and the access controlpolices were bound to the uploaded photos, so that any privacy areas on the photos could be hidden away from unwantedviewers even across different social networks.

zh-cn	在此基础上，溯源取证方案记录用户的操作行为，并通过嵌套签名方案防止恶意用户篡改和伪造溯源记录，为跨社交网络的图片隐私侵犯行为溯源取证提供技术手段。
en-us	On this basis, the behaviors of users were record by tracing scheme of pri-vacy invasion, the integrality of records was protected by using nested signature algorithm.

zh-cn	实验结果验证了所提方案的有效性和效率。
en-us	The correctness, security andperformance of overhead of the scheme are then thoroughly analyzed and evaluated via detailed simulations.

zh-cn	当前的研究工作针对如何保证时延敏感流的传输时间进行了大量研究，但普遍存在时效性不够强的问题。
en-us	Previous work had studied how to ensure the transmission time of delay-sensitive flows, but falled short in itseffectiveness for a given period.

zh-cn	基于 SDN/OpenFlow 架构，提出了数据源端控制算法 SSRC。
en-us	Motivated by that and based on SDN/OpenFlow framework, a SDN-based source ratecontrol (SSRC) algorithm was proposed.

zh-cn	该算法依据网络的全局视图，快速定位拥塞可能发生的节点，并及时对目标流的源端速率进行调节，可以缩短算法的响应时间。
en-us	With a global view of network, SSRC can quickly locate the potential conges-tion node, adjust the transmission rate of source and reduce the response time of SSRC.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，与DCTCP 等算法相比，所提算法的流完成时间平均缩短了 75%，且能够保证时延敏感流的传输时间，很好地解决 Incast 问题。
en-us	The experiment results show thatcompared with DCTCP and other algorithms, SSRC can shorten the completion time of flows by 75% in average, whichcan ensure the transmission time of delay-sensitive and solve the problem of Incast well.

zh-cn	提出了面向广域信息管理系统（SWIM）的多 QoS 约束条件的蚁群优化任务调度算法（QoS-ACO）。
en-us	An ant colony optimization task scheduling algorithm based on multiple quality of service constraint(QoS-ACO) for SWIM was proposed.

zh-cn	针对 SWIM 中用户对任务请求完成服务质量（QoS）的要求，综合考虑任务完成时间、执行安全性和可靠性因素，构造了新的用户综合满意度评价函数和系统任务调度模型，使用 SWIM 中业务调度 QoS 总效用评价函数来更新蚁群算法中的信息素。
en-us	Focusing on the multiple quality of service (QoS) requirements for task requestscompleted in system-wide information management (SWIM), considering the task execution time, security and reliabilityfactors, a new evaluate user satisfaction utility function and system task scheduling model were constructed.

zh-cn	仿真实验结果表明，同等条件下 QoS-ACO 算法在任务完成时间、安全性、可靠性和 QoS总效用值方面都优于传统 Min-Min 算法和粒子群优化算法，满足用户的任务调度服务质量要求，较好地完成了SWIM 调度任务。
en-us	Using theQoS total utility evaluation function of SWIM service scheduling to update the pheromone of the ant colony algorithm.The simulation results show that under the same conditions, the QoS-ACO algorithm is better than the traditional Min-Min algorithm and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm in terms of task completion time, security, reliabil-ity and quality of service total utility evaluation value, and it can ensure that the user's task scheduling quality of service requirements are met, and can better complete the scheduling tasks of the SWIM.

zh-cn	利用压缩感知实现运动目标的稀疏成像时，运动引起的多普勒频移会增加模型维度，改变回波的中心频率，并影响测量矩阵的互相干特性。
en-us	When compressive sensing (CS) was used to achieve sparse imaging of moving targets, the Doppler frequencycaused by motion will increase the processing dimension, change the center frequency of echo and worsen the mutual coherence property of measurement matrix.

zh-cn	为了改善 MIMO 雷达对运动目标的三维成像性能，提出了一种高效的成像方法，在各维分别搜索目标的分布信息，并由该信息作为索引重构新的低维测量矩阵，借此缩小目标区域范围，
en-us	In order to improve the three-dimensional (3D) imaging performance ofMIMO radar for moving targets, an efficient method was proposed. In each dimension, the distribution information oftargets was searched respectively and a new low-dimensional measurement matrix was reconstructed accordingly, so thetargets' area was narrowed down.

zh-cn	同时基于测量矩阵的互相干性，应用贝叶斯方法实现多普勒维度投影矩阵的优化，降低多普勒频率采样带来的强相干性，实现高效稀疏成像。
en-us	At the same time, in order to optimize the mutual coherence property of measurement matrix, Bayesian method was used to optimize the velocity-dimensional projection matrix to reduce the strong mutual coherence brought by sampling of Doppler frequency, then the efficient sparse imaging could be achieved.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提方法可以明显地提升运算效率，具有高效精确的成像性能。
en-us	The simulation results show that proposed method can improve the efficiency, accurate imaging performance with efficient.

zh-cn	基于改进的 FEMD 算法提出了一种可逆秘密图像共享方案。
en-us	Based on the improved FEMD algorithm an invertible secret image sharing scheme was proposed.

zh-cn	首先改进秘密数据的嵌入过程，使原始像素对和嵌入后含密像素对成为一对一的映射；
en-us	Firstly, theembedding process of secret data was improved to make the original pixel pair and the stego pixel-pair to become aone-to-one mapping.

zh-cn	然后通过设置溢出标识位来记录溢出像素对的原始值并进行相应处理。
en-us	Then a unique status flag was set to be calculated to record and process the original status of theover flow pixel-pair.

zh-cn	实验数据和分析表明，所提算法可以在保证生成高质量的含密图像的同时，解决不能恢复原始载体图像的问题。
en-us	Experimental data and analysis show that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the generation ofhigh quality cryptographic images and solve the problem that the original carrier image can not be restored.

zh-cn	针对企业内部业务逻辑固定、进出网络访问行为受控等特点，首先定义了 2 类共 4 种异常行为，然后提出了基于网络通信异常识别的多步攻击检测方法。
en-us	In view of the characteristics of internal fixed business logic, inbound and outbound network access behavior,two classes and four kinds of abnormal behaviors were defined firstly, and then a multi-step attack detection method wasproposed based on network communication anomaly recognition.

zh-cn	针对异常子图和异常通信边 2 类异常，分别采用基于图的异常分析和小波分析方法识别网络通信过程中的异常行为，并通过异常关联分析检测多步攻击。
en-us	For abnormal sub-graphs and abnormal communicationedges detection, graph-based anomaly analysis and wavelet analysis method were respectively proposed to identify ab-normal behaviors in network communication, and detect multi-step attacks through anomaly correlation analysis.

zh-cn	分别在 DARPA 2000数据集和 LANL 数据集上进行实验验证，实验结果表明，所提方法可以有效检测并重构出多步攻击场景。
en-us	Expe-riments are carried out on the DARPA 2000 data set and LANL data set to verify the results. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect and reconstruct multi-step attack scenarios.

zh-cn	所提方法可有效监测包括未知特征攻击类型在内的多步攻击，为检测 APT 等复杂的多步攻击提供了一种可行思路，并且由于网络通信图大大减小了数据规模，因此适用于大规模企业网络环境。
en-us	The proposed methodcan effectively monitor multi-step attacks including unknown feature types. It provides a feasible idea for detecting com-plex multi-step attack patterns such as APT. And the network communication graph greatly reduces the data size, it is suitable for large-scale enterprise network environments.

zh-cn	针对复杂网络环境中数据跨域流转后的受控共享，提出了一种延伸访问控制机制。
en-us	Aiming at the controlled sharing for cross-domain data exchange for complicated application systems, an ex-tended access control mechanism was proposed.

zh-cn	所提控制机制分为约束控制和传播控制 2 类，其中，约束控制解决访问请求实体在访问请求前对数据的访问授权问题，传播控制用于数据脱离数据中心后对数据的延伸控制。
en-us	The control process was divided into two steps: constraint control andpropagation control. The constraint control was used to ensure that access to data was authorized before access request,and the propagation control was used for further extension control after obtaining data access right.

zh-cn	所提机制基于数据自身及数据流转过程中的起源信息，实现了对数据的直接和间接访问控制。
en-us	In addition, by consi-dering data self and data provenance, the direct and indirect access control were realized.

zh-cn	理论分析证明了所提机制的安全性和有效性。
en-us	Theoretically, the security andeffectiveness of the proposed mechanism were proved.

zh-cn	以电子发票全生命控制为例，展示了所提机制的实施方法，该实例表明，所提机制能解决跨域跨系统交换后的数据细粒度延伸控制问题。
en-us	Finally, taking the control of electronic invoice as an example, theimplementation approach was proposed. The example shows that the proposed mechanism can perform the fine-grainedextended control before and after data in the cross-domain and cross-system are exchanged.

zh-cn	针对无线传感器和参与者网络的通信机制进行了研究。
en-us	The communication mechanism of wireless sensor and actor network (WSAN) was studied.

zh-cn	首先，提出了一种主动位置管理机制，它基于移动参与者发送给传感器的更新消息和 Voronoi 图限制的参与者范围，从而使传感器采用先前接收到的更新卡尔曼滤波来预测参与者的移动；
en-us	Firstly, a proactivelocation management mechanism based on the update messages sent by mobile actors to sensors and the actors' scope li-mited by Voronoi diagram was proposed. Thus, sensors predicted the movement of actors using Kalman filtering of the previously received updates.

zh-cn	然后，提出了一种基于地理路由的最佳能量感知转发规则作为传感器−参与者之间的通信，并采用功率控制来控制数据传输过程的时延，通过迫使多个参与者共享事件区域产生的流量来处理网络拥塞；
en-us	Then, an optimal energy-aware forwarding rule based on geographical routing was presented for sensor-actor communication, and the delay of the data delivery process was controlled using the power control and thenetwork congestion was dealed with by forcing multiple actors to share the traffic generated in the event area.

zh-cn	最后，基于多个并发事件的特征，提出了一种参与者−参与者之间的协作模型来协调它们之间的运动，以最佳地完成任务。
en-us	Finally,based on the characteristics of multiple concurrent events, a model for actor-actor coordination was proposed to coordi-nate their movements in order to optimally accomplish the tasks.

zh-cn	性能仿真结果表明，提出的关于无线传感器和参与者网络的协作通信机制能够有效地减少端到端时延、能量消耗和分组丢失百分比。
en-us	Performance simulation results show that the proposed cooperative communication mechanism for WSAN can effectively reduce end-to-end delays, energy consumption and percentage of packet drops.

zh-cn	针对网络环境中造成危害的信息通过镜像网站进行传播从而绕过检查的问题，提出了面向高速网络流量的恶意镜像网站识别方法。
en-us	Aiming at the problem that some information causing harm to the network environment was transmittedthrough the mirror website so as to bypass the detection, an identification method of malicious mirror website forhigh-speed network traffic was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，从流量中提取碎片化数据并且还原网页源码，同时加入标准化处理来提高识别准确率；
en-us	At first, fragmented data from the traffic was extracted, and the source code of the webpage was restored. Next, a standardized processing module was utilized to improve the accuracy.

zh-cn	然后，将网页源码分块，利用相似度散列算法对每个网页源码分块计算散列值，得到网页源码的相似度散列值，同时引入海明距离来计算网页源码之间的相似性；
en-us	Additionally, the source code of the webpage was divided into blocks, and the hash value of each block was calculated by the simhash al-gorithm. Therefore, the simhash value of the webpage source codes was obtained, and the similarity between the webpage source codes was calculated by the Hamming distance.

zh-cn	最后，截取网页快照，提取其 SIFT 特征点，通过聚类分析和映射处理得到网页快照的感知散列值，通过感知散列值计算网页相似性。
en-us	The page snapshot was then taken and SIFT feature points were extracted. The perceptual hash value was obtained by clustering analysis and mapping processing. Finally, the similarityof webpages was calculated by the perceptual hash values.

zh-cn	在真实流量下的实验表明，所提方法的准确率为 93.42%，召回率为 90.20%，F 值为 0.92，处理时延为 20 μs。
en-us	Experiments under real traffic show that the accuracy of themethod is 93.42%, the recall rate is 90.20%, the F value is 0.92, and the processing delay is 20 μs.

zh-cn	通过所提方法，在高速网络流量下可以有效地检测恶意镜像网页。
en-us	Through the proposedmethod, malicious mirror website can be effectively detected in the high-speed network traffic environment.

zh-cn	源雷达机动目标长时间相参积累过程中，目标的运动参数会引起距离徙动和多普勒徙动，导致回波信号能量分散和检测性能恶化。
en-us	During the long coherent integration time in passive radar, the motion parameters (such as high speed, ac-celeration and jerk motion, etc.) will bring about range migration (RM) and Doppler frequency migration (DFM), fur-ther deteriorate the integration performance.

zh-cn	为实现含有第二加速度的变加速运动目标相参积累，提出了一种基于频域序列反转变换（FRT）和改进吕分布（MLVD）的相参积累算法。
en-us	To realize the coherent integration of maneuvering targets with jerk mo-tion, a method based on frequency reversing transform (FRT) and modified Lv's distribution (MLVD) calledFRT-MLVD was proposed to achieve the coherent integration and motion parameters estimation.

zh-cn	首先，利用 FRT 去除信号的距离徙动，将回波能量积累至同一距离单元；
en-us	More specifically, theFRT was firstly proposed to remove RM.

zh-cn	然后，利用 MLVD 对该距离单元内的回波进行处理，估计出目标加速度和第二加速度；
en-us	Then the MLVD was employed to estimate the acceleration and jerk para-meters.

zh-cn	在补偿目标的加速度和第二加速度引起的多普勒徙动后，利用 Keystone 变换（KT）校正目标速度引起的线性徙动，实现距离和速度的估计。
en-us	After compensating the DFM induced by the acceleration and jerk motion, the residual RM was corrected andthe velocity and range was achieved via the KT operation.

zh-cn	仿真结果表明，所提算法可有效补偿无源雷达中机动目标的距离徙动和多普勒徙动，对变加速目标的积累效果和检测概率显著优于现有算法。
en-us	Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed methodcan effectively compensate the RM and DFM induced by the target motion parameters in passive radar, and for ma-neuvering targets with jerk motion, the proposed method achieves a better integration and detection performance overexisting methods.

zh-cn	作为高效视频编码（HEVC）的扩展，3D-HEVC 标准有效地提高了 3D 视频的压缩效率，但是也带来了很高的编码计算复杂度。为了显著地降低 3D-HEVC 编码复杂度，提出了一种提前 Merge 模式终止算法。
en-us	3D-high efficiency video coding (3D-HEVC) standard is an extension of HEVC. Though 3D-HEVC effective-ly improves the compression efficiency of 3D video, it also brings huge computational complexity. To greatly reduce the3D-HEVC coding complexity, an early Merge mode decision approach was proposed.

zh-cn	首先，提取 Merge 模式编码后的残差信号作为特征信息；
en-us	The residual signal that encoded by the Merge mode was firstly extracted as feature information.

zh-cn	然后，根据当前编码帧内已经编码的编码单元（CU）的最优Merge 模式残差信号建立学习模型；最后，提取当前 CU 的 Merge 模式的残差信号，并且利用学习模型预测 Merge模式是否为最优模式。
en-us	A learning model was established in terms of the residualsignals of the coding unit (CU) in current frame that used early Merge mode as the optimal mode. The residual signal that encoded by the Merge mode was firstly extracted as feature information. Finally, the residualsignal was extracted for the Merge mode of current CU, and the learning model was used to predict whether the Mergemode was the optimal mode or not.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，提出的提前 Merge 模式终止算法分别将 3D-HEVC 纹理视点和深度图编码的时间降低了 41.9%和 24.3%，且编码性能的降低几乎可忽略不计。
en-us	Experimental results show that the proposed early Merge mode decision approachreduces the coding times of 3D-HEVC texture views and depth maps about 41.9% and 24.3%, respectively, and the cod-ing performance degradation is almost negligible.

zh-cn	相较于现有的提前 Merge 模式算法，提出的提前 Merge 模式终止算法能进一步降低 3D-HEVC 的编码时间，并且设计简单，易于集成到 3D-HEVC 测试模型。
en-us	Compared with existing early Merge mode decision approaches, the proposed approach further reduces the coding time, and can be easily integrated into the 3D-HEVC test model due to its design simplicity.

zh-cn	提出了一种利用图像深度学习解决无线电信号识别问题的技术思路。
en-us	A technical idea was innovatively proposed that uses image deep learning to solve the problem of radio signalrecognition.

zh-cn	首先把无线电信号具象化为一张二维图片，将无线电信号识别问题转化为图像识别领域的目标检测问题；
en-us	First, the radio signal was transformed into a two-dimensional picture, and the radio signal recognition prob-lem was transformed into the object detection problem in the field of image recognition.

zh-cn	进而充分利用人工智能在图像识别领域的先进成果，提高无线电信号识别的智能化水平和复杂电磁环境下的识别能力。
en-us	Then, the advanced achieve-ments about image recognition were used to improve the intelligence and ability of radio signal recognition in complexelectromagnetic environment.

zh-cn	基于该思路，提出了一种基于图像深度学习的无线电信号识别算法——RadioImageDet 算法。
en-us	Based on the proposed idea, a novel radio signal recognition algorithm named RadioIma-geDet was proposed.

zh-cn	实验结果表明，所提算法能有效识别无线电信号的波形类型和时/频坐标，在实地采集的 12 种、4 740 个样本的数据集中，识别准确率达到 86.04%，mAP 值达到 77.72，检测时间在中等配置的台式计算机上仅需 33 ms，充分验证了所提思路的可行性和所提算法的有效性。
en-us	The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively identify the waveform types andtime/frequency coordinates of radio signals. After training and testing on the self-collected data set with 12 types and 4 740samples, the accuracy reaches 86.04% and the mAP value reaches 77.72, while the detection time is only 33 ms on themedium configured desktop computer.

zh-cn	智能手机的普及使其对安全性有极高的要求，但传统的一次性认证方式，无法持续保证设备安全。
en-us	The popularity of smart phones renders people extremely high requirements for safety. But the traditionalone-time authentication method can't continuously guarantee the security of equipment.